1. Battle Back Centre, Lilleshall The Learning Process Experiential Learning Cycle Climate Setting Closure Goals Goals Experience Activity, Doing Reflection Sharing, comparing, processing, reflecting What Application Planning more effective post training behaviour Now what Expansion Drawing conclusions, Identifying general principles So what
2. “ Whether it has been a juvenile offender developing more appropriate social behaviours, a freshman student obtaining a more beneficial educational experience at a university, or another programme where adventure is used as a valid educational or therapeutic medium , the credibility of programmes using a challenging environment is based upon the positive effects they have on their students’ or clients’ futures” (Michael Gass, 1990) Professor & the Coordinator of Outdoor Education in the College of Health and Human Services at the University of New Hampshire, USA Process of change and transferability
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Editor's Notes
Outdoor Development (hereafter referred to as Adventurous Training), by whatever name it has been known, has been used for many years to meet the training needs of organizations. In 1907 Baden-Powell founded the Scout Movement with the aim of getting young people out of the towns and into the fresh air in order to “stiffen the slouching slum-dweller and sharpen the lazy schoolboy”. In 1940 Kurt Hahn founded Outward Bound after noting that older sailors more likely to survive sinking during WWII. He produced a programme that gave young sailors new experiences which helped them to realise and understand their own potential and limitations and improve survivability. At about the same time the War Office Selection Board used simple exercises in the outdoors to test, develop and appoint leaders in the Army which focused on leadership, team work and problem solving. From about the 1960’s onwards it gathered momentum and began to take shape and training using the outdoors is now commonplace throughout many organisations. There are four steps inside the cycle and three steps that involve getting into and out of the cycle. This is how we get SEVEN vital and equally important steps to the cycle. To begin every session the trainer must set the climate and focus participant attention. Without this participants may not understand the purpose of the activity. Depending on the design, deductive or inductive, the trainer may introduce the goals at the beginning or end of the session or both. It is however important to tell participants where they are going and what they have accomplished. And finally the trainer must bring closure to the session, summarizing, tying concepts together and telling participants what is next.