Network analysis techniques are used to plan, manage, and control projects with the main objectives being to complete projects on time, optimize resource utilization, and ensure better coordination of interdependent activities. Some key network principles discussed include defining activities and events, the two formats for network diagrams (activity in box and activity on arrow), and basic rules for constructing a valid network diagram such as ensuring activities have distinct preceding and succeeding events and that arrows do not intersect or create loops.

1. Network analysis
Network analysis is the general name given to certain specific
techniques which can be used for the planning, management and
control of projects.
Main objectives are:
1. Complete the project within stipulated period..
2. Optimize resources utilization.
3. Better coordination in interdependent activities
C.P.M & P.E.R.T are two methodologies to analyze the network

2. NETWORK PRINCIPLES
ACTIVITY-An activity is a definite task ,job, or function to be
performed in a project
E.g. – “Prepare dinner “is an activity
 An activity is represented by an arrow
 The head of the arrow marks the completion of the activity and
the tail of the arrow marks the beginning.
 The length and direction of arrow as no significance.

3. Activities can be -
Merge activity – an activity which is dependent on two or more
preceding activities
Burst activity - an activity that is followed by two or more
activities .
Path - a path is unbroken chain of activities from initiating node
to some other node(last)
EVENT- describe the start and the completion of the an activity.
It is donated by the number in a circle.
An event is specific point of time indicating the beginning and
the end of one or more activities.

4. NETWORK PRINCIPLES
• There can be two format to define the network diagram
 Activity in the Box (AIB)/Activity on the node-
 Activity on arrow (A0A)
Activity in the box (AIB) Activity on arrow(AOA)
Get volunteer
7
Wash car
3
Dry car
4
Collect data
1 2 3
Wash
car
Dry car

5. RULES FOR NETWORK DIAGRAM
• Each activity have preceding and
succeeding event.
• Before an activity can begin, it preceding
activity must be completed.
• Each event should have distinct number in
way that head of arrow is greater than the
tail.
• Length and direction of the arrow has no
significance.
• Flow is from left to right
• Arrow should not intersect.
• There should be no loop in the project
network
• Not more than one activity can have same
preceding and succeeding events. Each
activity is represented by unique numbered
arrow
1
2
3 4
Take dinner