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15/01/2015SIRRIS
Overview of Nano-coatings Fields of
Application
J.Lecomte, SIRRIS, 15/01/2015
2
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Content of the presentation
 Definition, advantages and limitations of nano-coatings
 The different fields of application
 The fillers and matrices mostly used today
 Some significative examples
 Health and safety issues using nanos
 SIRRIS involvement in Nanos
 Conclusion
3
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Definitions, benefits, limitations
 Nano-surfaces= nano-coatings, thin coatings, nano-structured
surfaces
 Nano-coating: coating containing nano-particles
 Nanocomposite = Nanoparticles + Matrix
 Nanoparticles: particles with at least one dimension < 100 Nm
 3D: Nanopowders
 2D: Nanotubes, nanofibers
 1D: Nanoclays
4
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Definitions, benefits, limitations
5
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Nanos: why?
Properties at nano-scale are not the
same as at macro-scale
• More particles in the same
volume
• More atoms at the surface
• More atoms at the grain
boundaries
• More grain boundaries
• Quantum physics is more
applicable than traditional
physics!
6
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Nanos: why?
Particles with diameter up to 100 nm:
- Huge specific surface area: More interactions between particles
and the environment
- Importance of the interface layer as a third component of the
composite
- Less volume of powder needed to improve one property (3-4%
instead of 50%) -> lower impact on other properties and on
processability
- No light scattering in transparent matrix when diameter smaller
than 1/20 of wavelength -> transparent coatings
7
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Limitations, problems
Due to their high specific surface area, and their high interaction with
the environment, the nano-particles have also high interactions
between themselves and tend to agglomerate .
The toughest challenge is to integrate the particles in the matrix in a
homogeneous and nanometric way.
The interactions between the nano-particles and the environment,
but also the human body, is difficult to control -> Health and safety
issues.
The size itself of the nano-particles prevents from an easy
understanding of their real impact.
- Specific and costly methods are used to assess the size distribution,
specific surface and shape of the nano-objects.
- The influence of the interface between nano-objects and matrix is
difficult to predict.
8
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Fields of application for nano-coatings
Optical properties
• No light scattering, color can be selected
• Adaptable refractive index (light curing adhesives)
• Photocatalysis, UV/IR protection with absorbing NP
Electrical properties
• Electrical conductive but transparent coatings
• Printable electronics
Magnetic properties
• Temperature increase in magnetic field (bond/disbond control)
Thermo-mechanical properties
• Scratch, anti/abrasion resistance
• Anti-friction, corrosion protection
• Hydrophobic coatings
9
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Fields of application for nano-coatings
Properties/matrices metal polymer glass
scratch resist. WC, SiC ZrO2, SiO2 ZrO2
printed electronics Indium Tin Oxides,... Indium Tin Oxides,...
hydrophobicity Al2O3, SiO2 Al2O3, SiO2 Al2O3
wearresistance Al2O3, B4C,… ZnO ZrO2
hardness Al2O3, B4C, NTC,… NTC,
friction resistance W2S Nanoclay
corrosion resistance SiC
UV/IRabsorption ZnO, TiO2 ZnO, TiO2
Some examples of matrices/nano-particles combinations already
used for specific applications
10
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Application cases
Picture and information from : http://www.industrie-techno.com
Ultra-hard Ni-Fe nanocrystalline
coating covering a mould in carbon
fibre, and improving its lifetime. The
mould becomes as resistant as a
metallic mould, but much lighter.
Wood panel with an SiO2 layer highly
scratch-resistant
Other coatings (based on nano-silver) are also
used for their anti-bacterial effects, for instance
in medical environments
11
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Application cases
Silica-based nano-coatings are used to obtain hydrophobic and oleophobic effects, in
order to make the surface « easy to clean ». This treatment is used on plastics, metals or
painted surfaces, as well as on glass and ceramic surfaces to make them « self-cleaning ».
It may be used also on porous mineral surfaces like concrete, stone, terracotta to make
them waterproof, or on clothes or fabrics.
12
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Application cases
Protective nanopaint for
cars
Water and dirt repellent
Scratch resistant
Brighter colors, enhanced
gloss
Self-healing
Mercedes covered with tougher, shinier
nanopaint
Principle of self-healing paintings with
micro-capsules
13
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Application cases
Nanopaint on buildings to clean air
When exposed to ultraviolet light, titanium dioxide (TiO2)
nanoparticles in paint break down organic and inorganic
pollutants that wash off in the rain
Decompose air pollution particles like formaldehyde
14
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Application cases
Nano-cristalline diamond coatings are
used for cutting tools, where their high
hardness, low friction coefficient and
good thermal conductivity are used for all
non ferrous alloys, and also in the
aeronautics and automotive sector.
Cosmetics: anti-UV products with Zinc or
Titanium nano-articles, which stay
transparent due to their small size.
15
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Health and Safety
One nano-particle may pass through the skin or the
tissues without any constraint.
The specific surface ratio (surface/volume) is so high
that the chemical reactions are much easier enhanced
(this works also in a human body)…
© sirris | www.sirris.be | info@sirris.be |
16
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Health and Safety aspects
The situation today:
The different studies show the risks linked to the production,
handling and use of nanoparticles may be important
- More detailed studies are needed to have a better view on this
Reason why the precautionary principle is applied within the
production, handling and use of nanoparticles:
Adequate protection (collective and individual) is needed for
people in contact with nanoparticles
17
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Health and Safety
Overalls for maintenance
protection Type 4, 5, 6
Light and disposable mask
(125gr)
Panoramic view
Filter« HEPA »
(PAPR-P3)
Autonomy: battery 8h
Overalls for light
operation
Personal protections
18
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Health and Safety
Different carriers choosen in function of the applications
Assurer la
traçabilité !
Handling and transport
19
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Synthesis
Nanotech was a 4+4 years project under plan-
Marshall for Wallonia
Development of a plasma process for the
manufacturing of nano-powders.
Set up of the process for reliable production of
various types of powders.
Development of a new process for aluminum
powders.
Process now available for a small company
developing business in the synthesis of nano-
powders
1
SIRRIS involvement in nanos
20
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Sirris involvement – Health and Safety
Assurer la
traçabilité !
Risk assessment. Procedures foe handling,
transporting and using nanos in industrial
environment.
Coordinator of a belgian « Standards Antenna »
Member of the « task force nano.com » at the
federation of Belgian companies. The aim is to
communicate about nanos and to involve companies
in a commitment to enhance security linked to nanos.
21
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Sirris involvement – Incorporation
Assurer la
traçabilité !
Target?
- Improvement of properties by the use of nano
OR
- Avoid handling free nanoparticles in the industry
- Provide a product ready to use with existing equipments
How?
- Incorporation of nano in a matrix
- First mechanical tests on lab scale
22
15/01/2015SIRRIS
Conclusions
Nano-coatings are already used in a variety of application cases in all the
sectors of the industry.
The number of potential applications is still high and the research in this field
is still very active.
The use of nano-objects will help to continue the trend of miniaturisation in
all sectors, and to find new materials with enhanced performances, with the
aim to reduce the use of strategic or scarce materials, the consumption of
energy and the environmental impact of the industrial processes.
There are still questions about the impact of the use of nano-materials on
health and safety, and the industry must be aware of the risks and also of the
regulations, procedures and technical solutions to reduce those risks.

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02 overview-nancoatings-lecomte - sirris

  • 1. 1 15/01/2015SIRRIS Overview of Nano-coatings Fields of Application J.Lecomte, SIRRIS, 15/01/2015
  • 2. 2 15/01/2015SIRRIS Content of the presentation  Definition, advantages and limitations of nano-coatings  The different fields of application  The fillers and matrices mostly used today  Some significative examples  Health and safety issues using nanos  SIRRIS involvement in Nanos  Conclusion
  • 3. 3 15/01/2015SIRRIS Definitions, benefits, limitations  Nano-surfaces= nano-coatings, thin coatings, nano-structured surfaces  Nano-coating: coating containing nano-particles  Nanocomposite = Nanoparticles + Matrix  Nanoparticles: particles with at least one dimension < 100 Nm  3D: Nanopowders  2D: Nanotubes, nanofibers  1D: Nanoclays
  • 5. 5 15/01/2015SIRRIS Nanos: why? Properties at nano-scale are not the same as at macro-scale • More particles in the same volume • More atoms at the surface • More atoms at the grain boundaries • More grain boundaries • Quantum physics is more applicable than traditional physics!
  • 6. 6 15/01/2015SIRRIS Nanos: why? Particles with diameter up to 100 nm: - Huge specific surface area: More interactions between particles and the environment - Importance of the interface layer as a third component of the composite - Less volume of powder needed to improve one property (3-4% instead of 50%) -> lower impact on other properties and on processability - No light scattering in transparent matrix when diameter smaller than 1/20 of wavelength -> transparent coatings
  • 7. 7 15/01/2015SIRRIS Limitations, problems Due to their high specific surface area, and their high interaction with the environment, the nano-particles have also high interactions between themselves and tend to agglomerate . The toughest challenge is to integrate the particles in the matrix in a homogeneous and nanometric way. The interactions between the nano-particles and the environment, but also the human body, is difficult to control -> Health and safety issues. The size itself of the nano-particles prevents from an easy understanding of their real impact. - Specific and costly methods are used to assess the size distribution, specific surface and shape of the nano-objects. - The influence of the interface between nano-objects and matrix is difficult to predict.
  • 8. 8 15/01/2015SIRRIS Fields of application for nano-coatings Optical properties • No light scattering, color can be selected • Adaptable refractive index (light curing adhesives) • Photocatalysis, UV/IR protection with absorbing NP Electrical properties • Electrical conductive but transparent coatings • Printable electronics Magnetic properties • Temperature increase in magnetic field (bond/disbond control) Thermo-mechanical properties • Scratch, anti/abrasion resistance • Anti-friction, corrosion protection • Hydrophobic coatings
  • 9. 9 15/01/2015SIRRIS Fields of application for nano-coatings Properties/matrices metal polymer glass scratch resist. WC, SiC ZrO2, SiO2 ZrO2 printed electronics Indium Tin Oxides,... Indium Tin Oxides,... hydrophobicity Al2O3, SiO2 Al2O3, SiO2 Al2O3 wearresistance Al2O3, B4C,… ZnO ZrO2 hardness Al2O3, B4C, NTC,… NTC, friction resistance W2S Nanoclay corrosion resistance SiC UV/IRabsorption ZnO, TiO2 ZnO, TiO2 Some examples of matrices/nano-particles combinations already used for specific applications
  • 10. 10 15/01/2015SIRRIS Application cases Picture and information from : http://www.industrie-techno.com Ultra-hard Ni-Fe nanocrystalline coating covering a mould in carbon fibre, and improving its lifetime. The mould becomes as resistant as a metallic mould, but much lighter. Wood panel with an SiO2 layer highly scratch-resistant Other coatings (based on nano-silver) are also used for their anti-bacterial effects, for instance in medical environments
  • 11. 11 15/01/2015SIRRIS Application cases Silica-based nano-coatings are used to obtain hydrophobic and oleophobic effects, in order to make the surface « easy to clean ». This treatment is used on plastics, metals or painted surfaces, as well as on glass and ceramic surfaces to make them « self-cleaning ». It may be used also on porous mineral surfaces like concrete, stone, terracotta to make them waterproof, or on clothes or fabrics.
  • 12. 12 15/01/2015SIRRIS Application cases Protective nanopaint for cars Water and dirt repellent Scratch resistant Brighter colors, enhanced gloss Self-healing Mercedes covered with tougher, shinier nanopaint Principle of self-healing paintings with micro-capsules
  • 13. 13 15/01/2015SIRRIS Application cases Nanopaint on buildings to clean air When exposed to ultraviolet light, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in paint break down organic and inorganic pollutants that wash off in the rain Decompose air pollution particles like formaldehyde
  • 14. 14 15/01/2015SIRRIS Application cases Nano-cristalline diamond coatings are used for cutting tools, where their high hardness, low friction coefficient and good thermal conductivity are used for all non ferrous alloys, and also in the aeronautics and automotive sector. Cosmetics: anti-UV products with Zinc or Titanium nano-articles, which stay transparent due to their small size.
  • 15. 15 15/01/2015SIRRIS Health and Safety One nano-particle may pass through the skin or the tissues without any constraint. The specific surface ratio (surface/volume) is so high that the chemical reactions are much easier enhanced (this works also in a human body)… © sirris | www.sirris.be | info@sirris.be |
  • 16. 16 15/01/2015SIRRIS Health and Safety aspects The situation today: The different studies show the risks linked to the production, handling and use of nanoparticles may be important - More detailed studies are needed to have a better view on this Reason why the precautionary principle is applied within the production, handling and use of nanoparticles: Adequate protection (collective and individual) is needed for people in contact with nanoparticles
  • 17. 17 15/01/2015SIRRIS Health and Safety Overalls for maintenance protection Type 4, 5, 6 Light and disposable mask (125gr) Panoramic view Filter« HEPA » (PAPR-P3) Autonomy: battery 8h Overalls for light operation Personal protections
  • 18. 18 15/01/2015SIRRIS Health and Safety Different carriers choosen in function of the applications Assurer la traçabilité ! Handling and transport
  • 19. 19 15/01/2015SIRRIS Synthesis Nanotech was a 4+4 years project under plan- Marshall for Wallonia Development of a plasma process for the manufacturing of nano-powders. Set up of the process for reliable production of various types of powders. Development of a new process for aluminum powders. Process now available for a small company developing business in the synthesis of nano- powders 1 SIRRIS involvement in nanos
  • 20. 20 15/01/2015SIRRIS Sirris involvement – Health and Safety Assurer la traçabilité ! Risk assessment. Procedures foe handling, transporting and using nanos in industrial environment. Coordinator of a belgian « Standards Antenna » Member of the « task force nano.com » at the federation of Belgian companies. The aim is to communicate about nanos and to involve companies in a commitment to enhance security linked to nanos.
  • 21. 21 15/01/2015SIRRIS Sirris involvement – Incorporation Assurer la traçabilité ! Target? - Improvement of properties by the use of nano OR - Avoid handling free nanoparticles in the industry - Provide a product ready to use with existing equipments How? - Incorporation of nano in a matrix - First mechanical tests on lab scale
  • 22. 22 15/01/2015SIRRIS Conclusions Nano-coatings are already used in a variety of application cases in all the sectors of the industry. The number of potential applications is still high and the research in this field is still very active. The use of nano-objects will help to continue the trend of miniaturisation in all sectors, and to find new materials with enhanced performances, with the aim to reduce the use of strategic or scarce materials, the consumption of energy and the environmental impact of the industrial processes. There are still questions about the impact of the use of nano-materials on health and safety, and the industry must be aware of the risks and also of the regulations, procedures and technical solutions to reduce those risks.