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2. Adolescence
‘adolescere’ Latin = “to grow, to mature” i.e. achieving an identity.

3. .

4. The human body under goes several changes during
Adolescence. These changes mark the onset of
PUBERTY.
The most important change which marks puberty is
that boys and girls become capable of reproduction.
Puberty ends when an adolescent reaches
reproductive maturity.

5. 1. Increase in height
2. Change in body shape
3. Voice change
4. Increased activity of sweat and
sebaceous glands
5. Development of sex organs
6. Reaching mental, intellectual and
emotional maturity

7. Age in
years
% of full height
Boys Girls
8 72 % 77 %
9 75 % 81 %
10 78 % 84 %
11 81 % 88 %
12 84 % 91 %
13 88 % 95 %
14 92 % 98 %
15 95 % 99 %
16 98 % 99.5 %
17 99 % 100 %
18 100 % 100 %

8. Present height ____
% of full height at this age
X 100
A boy is 9 years old and 120 cm tall. At the end
of the growth period he is likely to be
X 100 cm = 160 cm tall
120
75

10. At puberty, the voice box or the larynx begins to grow.
Boys develop larger voice boxes. Boys
have a deep and hoarse voice. The
larynx is visible clearly.
The larynx is hardly visible from the
outside. Girls have a high pitched
voice.

11. The growing voice box can be seen as a
protruding part of the throat called Adam’s
apple.

13. •The testes and penis develop completely.
•The testes also begin to produce sperms.
•The ovaries enlarge and eggs begin to
mature.
•Also ovaries start releasing mature eggs.

14. •It is the time in one’s life when the brain has
the greatest capacity for learning.
•The change in a person’s way of thinking .
•The person feels more independent than
before and also becomes self conscious.
•A person may feel insecure while trying to
adjust to the changes in the body and mind.

16. The changes which occur at adolescence are
controlled by chemical substances called hormones.
Hormones are secretions from endocrine glands.
•The testes begin to release male hormone or
testosterone. This causes hair growth.
•The ovaries begin to produce the female hormone or
estrogen which make the breast develop. Milk secreting
glands or mammary glands develop inside the breast.
The production of these hormones is under the control of
another hormone in endocrine gland called pituitary gland.

20. The hormones secreted by the pituitary
stimulate testes and ovaries to produce their
hormones.
The pituitary is attached to the brain
A part from the pituitary, there are other
endocrine glands in the body such as thyroid,
pancreas and adrenals.

22. The adrenal glands secrete hormones which maintain
the correct salt balance in the blood.
Adrenals also produce the hormone adrenalin.
It helps the body to adjust to stress when one is very
angry, embarrassed or worried.
Thyroid and adrenals secrete their hormones when
they receive orders from pituitary through its
hormones.
Pituitary also secretes growth hormone which is
necessary for the normal growth of a person.

23. Adolescence is a stage of rapid growth
and development.
The diet for an adolescent has to be
carefully planned.
The diet must be the balanced diet.
Iron build blood and iron-rich food such
as leafy vegetables, jaggery, meat etc.
are good for adolescents.

24. Adolescence is a time when our bodies, our families, our
schools and the largest society demand that we change.
Teenage years can be an emotional assault for
concerned. Parents and their teenage offspring may
seem to be at each other throats. The special name for
this stormy time is adolescence.

25. Adolescence
is..
…that part in our life where
nothing seems to go
smoothly yet our best

26. Some Definitions
• Puberty
Physical characteristics that occur during
adolescence.
• Primary Sex Characteristics
The changes that mark the beginning of puberty for
girls and boys.
• Secondary Sex Characteristics
Other external changes that make adolescents look
like mature men and women

27. Teenagers
Comprise 2nd largest population group. (23%)
• over 1 billion world over
• World over - 1 out of every 5 person
• Developing - 1 out of every 4 person
• 10-19 years age group constitute > 1/5th
of India’s population.
• By the year 2010 there will be more
adolescents alive in the world than ever
before
• Healthy and well-adjusted adolescents of
today will become productive citizens and
dynamic leaders of tomorrow.
CSN Vittal