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Adolescence VIII.pptx
1. {
Class -VIII
Chapter - 10
Reaching the Age of
Adolescence
Mrs. Kumudini .A. Prasad,
JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA
MESRA, RANCHI
2. Students will be able to learn about :-
Adolescence and puberty,
Changes occurring at puberty,
Reason for changes, that is the role of
hormones,
Sex determination in humans,
Balance diet &
Personal hygiene.
Learning Outcomes
4. From the day one when a baby is born it
begins to grow.
The various changes that take place in
the body, are part of growing up
process.
The time period when body undergoes
some changes leading to reproductive
maturity is called adolescence.
It starts at 10 to 13 years of age and ends
at 19 years.
Adolescence and Puberty
5. Birth
Growth in body
Maturity in reproductive system
Teenagers 18 to 19 years
Adolescence
Several changes
Mark the onset of adulthood
Puberty
Adolescence and puberty
6. Physical change
Physiological change
Psychological change
Final sexual maturity
Reproductive phase
In male 12 years onwards
In female 10 to 50 years
Puberty types of changes
7. Increase in height and
weight.
Elongation of bones.
Elongation of legs and arms.
Rate of growth varies in
boys and girls upto 17 to 19
years.
Hereditary characters.
Changes at puberty
8. Change in body shape
Boys:-
Growth of
muscles
Shoulder
becomes broad
Chest becomes
wide
Girls:-
Body region
below waist
becomes
wider
9. Change in voice
Boys
Larynx Protudes
outwards
Adam’s Apple
Hoarse voice
Temporary
phase
Girls
Larynx
hardly visible
High pitched
voice
Sweet voice
10. Becomes more active,
Appearance of acne and
pimples on the face,
Avoid oily intake &
Clean your face properly
and repeatedly.
Sweat and Sebaceous gland
activities
11. Maturation of sex organs
Male
Organs like
testes testicles
and Penis
becomes fully
developed
Female
Ovaries
enlarge and
after
maturation
release of
eggs begins
12. Change in way of thinking,
Finds various ways to recognise and
manage emotions,
Wants to be independent,
Feels insecure to adjust changes in body
and mind,
Mood swings,
Attraction towards opposite sex &
Due to intellectual development, most of
the time is spent in thinking.
Mental Intellectual and
Emotional Maturity
13. Secondary Sexual Characters
Boys:-
Growth of beard
and moustache
Hair on chest and
thighs
Elongationof
hands and legs
Voice becomes
hoarse
Growth of
reproductive
organ
Girls:-
Development
of breast
Widening of
region below
abdomen
Voice becomes
sweet and
Shrill
Growth of
public hair
14. Ovulation
Production of eggs every after 28 to 30 days
Fertilization does not occur
Release of ova(ova) and the thickened lining of
uterus along with blood vessels shed-off
Menstruation
Menarche ___first menstrual flow
Menopause____at the age of 45 to 50 menstrual
cycle stop
Menstrual cycle
15. Human beings contain 23 pairs of chromosomes
Two chromosomes are sex chromosomes
Male contains a chromosome X and chromosome Y
Female contains chromosome X and chromosome X
Determination of Sex of the Baby
EGG SPERM FERTILISED
EGG
SEX OF BABY
X X XX FEMALE
X Y XY MALE
16. System consists of several glands in our body
Glands discharges chemicals
Directly produced in the blood because the glands are
ductless
Discharges their secretion
Hormones
Chemical messengers
Control and co-ordinate function of organs
Endocrine system
19. It is the process of transformation of Larva into an
adult undergoing drastic changes. In human beings
and all other viviparous animals ,metamorphosis
does not occur because the young one resembles the
adult at the time of birth.
There are three distinct stages in the life cycle of
frogs.
Egg ---- Tadpole (Larva) ---- Adult.
METAMORPHOSIS
24. Daily bath,
Keep your body free
from bacteria and viruses
&
Must take special care
during menstrual flow.
Personal Hygiene
25. Normal growing period,
Never feel confused or insecure,
Anybody suggest you to take drugs,
Say no to drugs,
Because if once taken it provokes and
makes you feel to have them multiple
times, which becomes a habbit gradually
and makes you addicted to it &
Harmful to body physically and mentally
destroying happiness and harmony of a
human’s well-being.
Drugs gave a lot of side effects on our
health which is devastating and dangerous
for our overall development
Say no to Drugs
26. Caused by virus,
HIV virus,
Which spreads by,
Sharing the syringe,
Infected mother to child,
Sexual contact.
AIDS
27. Taboos:-
Sex chromosome of father determine
the sex of newborn baby; but the
blame given to mother for the birth of
female child is unjustified.
MALE FEMALE
1.-To protect others ,2.- Valour, 3.-
Ability to sustain hardship,
1.- Caring, 2.-Nurturing,
29. (1) Many physical and emotional changes occur in boys and
girls around the age when they attend puberty referred to
as ADOLESCENCE,
(2) The external physical changes that occur at puberty are
called secondary sexual character,
(3)The endocrine glands produce hormones which control
the functioning of the specific organs,
(4) The determination of the sex of a baby depends on the
sex chromosome of father.
RECAPITULATION
30. 1- Define adolescence.
2- What do you understand by
gender role,
3- What are endocrine glands,
4- What do you mean by taboo?
5- Explain the menstrual cycle.
HOME WORK
