2. Introduction: Learning is
cantered around problems.
Students are presented with problems,
generate learning issues related to what they
need to learn in order to understand the problem,
and return to their groups to apply their new
knowledge to the patient problem.

3. Essential Elements:
• Students are presented with a written problem
• There is change in faculty role from imparter of
information to facilitator of learning
• There is an emphasis on student responsibility
and self-directed learning
• Written problem is the stimulus for learning
with students engaging in a problem-solving
process

4. • Contextual learning was an appealing rationale
for the superiority of PBL. Why??
• All learning aspect including basic,
• clinical and social science are within the context
of the problem.
• A learner would be able to recall information
better when he encountered a similar patient
within a clinical setting.
• Cooperative learning in which individuals are
dependent on other group members to achieve
their goals.

5.  Self-determination theory identifies controlled,
maladaptive and autonomous motivators.
 Control theory states that all behaviour is
based on satisfying the five basic needs of
freedom, power, love, belonging, fun, survival
and reproduction.

6.  PBL has been used extensively in many health
professional programs. Health professional
students at all levels can benefit from the use of
PBL to simulate realistic clinical situations.

7.  Apersepsi or introduction
 Various of ingredient style
 creative
 Used interested media
 Ended learn with interested conclusion

8.  The orientation problem
 The organization students to learn
 Guided the student
 The developing the research of student work
 Analyze the process problem solving

9.  To change behavior (knowledge, skill, and
value)
 Creative
 And confident with opinion

10.  PBL is an increasingly popular teaching and
learning strategy within the health professions.
 The clinical relevance,
 small group interactions,
 and active learning provided make PBL an
appealing curricular activity.