Modern Trends in Evaluation Unit 5 Syllabus of Unit 5- 5.2.1- Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation 5.2.2 -Modern Trends in Evaluation 5.2.3 -Constructivist Assessment 5.2.4 -Examination Reforms and Question Bank 5.2.5 -Areas of Research in Evaluation Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation- Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) is an educational assessment strategy that goes beyond traditional examination-oriented assessments. It aims to evaluate a student's performance in a holistic manner, considering various aspects of their learning and development throughout the academic year. CCE has been introduced to shift the focus from rote learning and exam scores to a more comprehensive understanding of a student's capabilities. It is a shift towards a more student-centric and holistic approach to education. CCE implemented effectively, can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of a student's abilities and encourage a broader range of skills and competencies beyond academic achievements.  CCE Meaning- CCE is a process of evaluating the child’s development in all the school-related activities. This proposal was directed under the Right to Education Act in 2009 by the Central Board of Secondary Education of India and the state governments in India. Using CCE, teachers can diagnose learners' deficiencies using a variety of assessment activities. After completing the assessment activities, learners are given valuable feedback. The teacher guides and supports them to identify the problems. Aim Of Continuous And Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)- Evaluate and guide the students in all aspects of education Improve learning outcomes by focusing on skills and cognitive abilities of students Encourage regular assessment and constructive criticism Reduce stress and pressure on students Enable the instructors with prolific teaching Functions Of Continuous And Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)- Helps in the development of new and effective teaching strategies Aids regular assessment to understand student’s progress Helps to understand the weaknesses and strengths of students Enables the teacher to understand problems faced by students and make changes in teaching techniques Encourages self-assessment among the students Helps students to develop good habits, work on their weaknesses and correct the errors It gives an idea about the change in student’s attitudes and values It gives reports about student’s progress over a period of time Reduced Exam Stress Encourages Participation Identifies Learning Gaps Challenges in Implementing CCE and Role of Teacher- Challenges: Implementation Issues: CCE may face challenges in terms of effective implementation and standardization across different educational institutions. Assessment Load: Managing continuous assessments can be demanding for both teachers and students. Teacher's Role: Facilitator of Learning: Teachers play a crucial role in creating an environment that promotes learning and development. Regular F

1. Modern Trends in Evaluation
UNIT 5

2. Syllabus of Unit 5-
o5.2.1- Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation
o5.2.2 -Modern Trends in Evaluation
o5.2.3 -Constructivist Assessment
o5.2.4 -Examination Reforms and Question Bank
o5.2.5 -Areas of Research in Evaluation

3. Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation-
Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) is an educational assessment strategy that
goes beyond traditional examination-oriented assessments.
It aims to evaluate a student's performance in a holistic manner, considering various
aspects of their learning and development throughout the academic year.
CCE has been introduced to shift the focus from rote learning and exam scores to a
more comprehensive understanding of a student's capabilities.
It is a shift towards a more student-centric and holistic approach to education.
CCE implemented effectively, can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of
a student's abilities and encourage a broader range of skills and competencies beyond
academic achievements.

4. CCE Meaning-
CCE is a process of evaluating the child’s
development in all the school-related
activities.
This proposal was directed under the Right
to Education Act in 2009 by the Central
Board of Secondary Education of India and
the state governments in India.
Using CCE, teachers can diagnose learners'
deficiencies using a variety of assessment
activities.
After completing the assessment activities,
learners are given valuable feedback.
The teacher guides and supports them to
identify the problems.

5. Aim Of Continuous And Comprehensive Evaluation
(CCE)-
1. Evaluate and guide the students in all aspects of education
2. Improve learning outcomes by focusing on skills and cognitive abilities of
students
3. Encourage regular assessment and constructive criticism
4. Reduce stress and pressure on students
5. Enable the instructors with prolific teaching

6. Functions Of Continuous And Comprehensive
Evaluation (CCE)-
1. Helps in the development of new and effective teaching strategies
2. Aids regular assessment to understand student’s progress
3. Helps to understand the weaknesses and strengths of students
4. Enables the teacher to understand problems faced by students and make changes in teaching
techniques
5. Encourages self-assessment among the students
6. Helps students to develop good habits, work on their weaknesses and correct the errors
7. It gives an idea about the change in student’s attitudes and values
8. It gives reports about student’s progress over a period of time
9. Reduced Exam Stress
10. Encourages Participation
11. Identifies Learning Gaps

7. Challenges in Implementing CCE and Role of Teacher-
Challenges:
Implementation Issues: CCE may face challenges in terms of effective implementation
and standardization across different educational institutions.
Assessment Load: Managing continuous assessments can be demanding for both
teachers and students.
Teacher's Role:
Facilitator of Learning: Teachers play a crucial role in creating an environment that
promotes learning and development.
Regular Feedback: Teachers provide continuous feedback to students and parents,
helping them understand areas of improvement.

8. Dimensions of CCE-
CCE
Formative Summative
Formative evaluation is typically
conducted during the development or
improvement of a program or course.
Summative evaluation involves making
judgments about the efficacy of a
program or course at its conclusion.
Both types of assessments are used to
identify levels of mastery and provide
students and instructors with diagnostic
information.
Both types complement each other for
student evaluation.

9. Tools of Formative Evaluation-
Daily
Observation
Oral Practical
Project and
Task
Project Tests Self Study Assignment
Group Work Sociometry
Other
Work

10. Summative Evaluation-
Summative evaluation is a type of
evaluation that occurs at the end of a
learning period or program.
It assesses students' learning and
whether they have met the established
learning goals.
It evaluates the effectiveness of a
learning program or to provide a final
grade for a student's performance.

11. Instructions for Formative and Summative
Evaluation-
Students should be evaluated for formative evaluation with proper techniques.
Formative Evaluation must include evaluation of Life Skill, Core Elements, Values.
There should be continuity in the Formative Evaluation. It should be done
regularly.
Teacher should diagnose the problems of students and use the formative
evaluation to rectify those.
Formative evaluation should identify hidden talent of the children.
Drawing, Work Experience, Craft, P.T , Health Education. These subjects are
equally important for students’ growth, so their evaluation should be done very
minutely.

12. Cumulative Evaluation-
Cumulative Evaluation typically refers to the process of evaluating a student's understanding and performance over an
extended period, often considering the accumulation of knowledge and skills throughout a course or academic year.
oContinuous Evaluation is done.
oIntegration of Learning is checked.
oMultiple Assessments are taken into consideration.
oRefers to an overall assessment of an individual's performance, skills, or achievements over a period, it might
encompass a holistic review of various factors.
oComprehensive Review is done by evaluating an individual's achievements, skills, and contributions over time.
oCareer or Performance Evaluation is possible as in a professional context, cumulative evaluation could refer to the
assessment of an employee's performance over several years, taking into account their overall contributions,
achievements, and growth.
oEducational Progress is checked.

13. Modern
Evaluation
Portfolio
Concept Map
Rubric
Use of Technology in Evaluation
Kahoot
Google Form
Mentimeter
Quizizz
Testmoz
Socrative
Poll Everywhere

14. Portfolio Meaning -
A portfolio generally refers to a collection or compilation of materials, documents,
or artifacts that represent and showcase a person's work, skills, achievements, and
experiences.
Portfolios are commonly used in various fields, including education, professional
settings, and the arts.
The purpose of a portfolio is to provide a comprehensive and organized
representation of an individual's capabilities and accomplishments.
Whether you are a student, job seeker, artist, or professional, creating and
maintaining a portfolio can be a valuable tool for self-reflection, self-promotion,
and showcasing your abilities to others.

15. Portfolio Characteristics-
1. Collection of Work
2. Showcase of Skills and Achievements
3. Organized Presentation
4. Reflection
5. Diversity of Content
6. Purposeful Selection
7. Evidence of Learning and Growth
8. Tailored for Audience
9. Digital or Physical Format
10. Professional Appearance
11. Updated Regularly
12. Personal Branding

16. Nature and Types of Portfolio-
Educational
Portfolio
Professional
Portfolio
Artistic
Portfolio
Investment
Portfolio
Personal
Portfolio
-Assessment
Tool
-Reflection
-Diversity of
Artifacts
-Career
Development
-Showcasing
Work
-Tailored for
Industry
-Showcasing
Artwork
-Style and
Vision
-Curatorial Skill
-Financial
Assets
-Diversification
- Returns and
Performance
-Self-
Reflection
-Life Planning
The nature of a portfolio depends on the
context in which it is used.
The nature of a portfolio is adaptable and
versatile, serving different purposes in
different domains.
Portfolio can be used for educational
assessment, professional advancement,
artistic representation, financial planning,
etc.
Portfolios are valuable tools for showcasing
accomplishments and capabilities.

17. Portfolio Need and Importance-
Portfolios are a rich source of information about student learning. Portfolios are
versatile. Portfolio assessments can build students' self-confidence and “self-
appraisal” skills through the opportunity they provide for students to reflect on
and celebrate their accomplishments.

18. Steps of Developing a Portfolio-
1. Review of Purpose of Portfolio
2. Gathering Relevant Material
3. Including all relevant Experiences
4. Consult with Peers
5. Assess your Development
6. Use a Checklist
7. Storage and Portfolio Organization
8. Regularly Update and Maintain Portfolio

19. Concept Map -
A concept map is a graphical tool used to visually
represent and organize knowledge or information
around a central concept or topic.
It is a diagram that consists of nodes
(representing concepts or ideas) connected by
lines or arrows (indicating relationships or links
between the concepts).
Concept maps are useful for brainstorming,
organizing thoughts, illustrating relationships, and
conveying complex information in a structured
format.
Components of a Concept Map:
Central Concept
Nodes
Links or Interrelationship
Explains Cross-Links
Hierarchical Structure
Well Defined Branches and Levels
Clear and Specific Keywords or Key
Phrases

20. Characteristics of a Concept Map-
1. Simplicity
2. Hierarchy
3. Flexibility
4. Visual Representation
5. Color and Visual Elements
6. Readability
7. Nonlinear Structure
8. Tool for Learning
9. Collaborative Tool
Concept maps are widely used in
education, research, problem-solving,
and knowledge management to visually
represent and organize information,
making complex topics more accessible
and understandable.

21. Concept Maps are useful for-
1. Organizing Information
2. Clarity and Visualization
3. Facilitating Learning
4. Identifying Relationships
5. Critical Thinking
6. Memory Technique
7. Assessment Tool
Uses of
Concept
Map
Organizing
Information
Clarity and
Visualization
Facilitating
Learning
Identifying
Relationships
Critical
Thinking
Memory
Technique
Assessment
Tool

22. Rubric-
A rubric is a type of scoring guide that assesses and articulates specific
components and expectations for an assignment. Rubrics can be used for a variety
of assignments: research papers, group projects, portfolios, and presentations.
Rubrics give students a greater chance of achieving a clear and defined target.
They guide curriculum planning and uphold accurate assessments with integrity.
Effective rubrics enable self-assessment and self-directed student learning.
There are three well-known and commonly used types of rubrics,
1. Analytic and Holistic Rubric
2. Qualitative and Quantitative Rubric
3. Generalized and Specific Rubric

23. Three Elements of a Rubric-
A rubric involves three
elements:
1) the criteria for
assessing the product or
performance,
2) Levels of Achievement,
and
3) Scoring strategy.

24. Uses of Rubrics-
Rubrics are versatile tools that contribute to the fairness, transparency, and
efficiency of the assessment process, whether in educational institutions or
professional settings.
They play a crucial role in promoting clear communication of expectations and
facilitating continuous improvement in learning and performance.
1. Assessment
2. Grading
3. Feedback
4. Assignment Tool
5. Performance Evaluation
6. Quality Assurance
7. Grading Consistency in Large Classes

25. Use of Technology in Evaluation-
Technology-based assessment methods can be a powerful way to
assess learners' knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
Examples of such methods include online quizzes and tests, digital
portfolios, e-portfolios, simulations and games, and multimedia
projects.
When technology is used to evaluate student learning outcomes,
students’ results are in a digital format that can be easily aggregated.
Thus, teachers can more efficiently determine how well a program’s
activities helped students achieve desired learning objectives.

26. Kahoot-
Kahoot is a free student-response tool
for administering quizzes, facilitating
discussions, and collecting survey data.
It is a game-based classroom response
system played in real time.
Kahoot is a fun and interactive way to
learn, which can increase student
engagement and motivation.
The game-like nature of Kahoot can
help students to retain information
more effectively.

27. Google Form-
Google Forms is a tool that allows collecting information from users through a personalized survey or
exam.
Google Forms is a free tool from Google that allows you to do the following: Create forms, surveys,
quizzes, and such. Share the forms with others.
With Google Forms, you can create surveys or quizzes right in your mobile or web browser—no special
software required.
You get instant results as they come in. And, you can summarize results at a glance with charts and
graphs.
Create an online form as easily as creating a document.
Send polished surveys and forms.
Analyze responses with automatic summaries.
Create and respond to surveys from anywhere.

28. Mentimeter-
Mentimeter enables you to: Engage with students using live
polls, word clouds, quizzes, multiple-choice questions and more.
Track learning and understanding by asking questions and
downloading results. Communicate and interact with your
students.
It is like a Poll. Particularly at the time of Zoom Class, you can
check pupil understanding.

29. Quizizz-
Quizizz is an interactive quiz building platform designed to engage
students on a deeper level than traditional quizzing.
Use it live for in-class lessons or quizzes or assign to students to
complete on their own time outside of class.
One of the biggest benefits of using Quizizz is that it can increase
student engagement.
The platform uses a game-like format that allows students to
compete against each other in real-time quizzes.

30. Testmoz-
Testmoz is an online quiz maker that can be used to create completely customised tests.
You can quickly create questions, move them around, copy them, import questions from your other
tests, change question types, and move questions into pools.
The test is autosaved while you're working on it, so you don't have to worry about losing your changes.
Limitations-:
1. very limited features or options.
2. can't use long-answer or short answer format.
3. not widely used therefor not widely supported.
4. unable to specify important aspects of tests such as time etc.
5. can't regulate test-takers' ability to use the computer for research during tests.
6. very minimal security features.

31. Socrative-
Socrative is an online tool for teachers to give quizzes and on-the-fly assessments
to students.
With Socrative you can create your own quizzes, quizzes are automatically graded,
and you can create reports to evaluate how everyone did.
Using Socrative as a starting place, teachers can foster effective communication
skills by encouraging students to think critically and debate answers in a respectful
and meaningful way.
Also, the tool has the capability to align each question to a Common Core standard.

32. Poll Everywhere-
Use Poll Everywhere to create polls ahead of time and launch in your web browser
during class to collect and display real-time responses that students provide with a
laptop or mobile device.
Poll Everywhere is easy to use, allows for multiple polls to be taken, helps
audiences see responses in real-time, and keeps presentations interactive.
During class, instructors display a Poll Everywhere activity on-screen and students
respond with their devices.
The results appear live on the screen for the class to discuss or for the instructor
to grade.

33. 5.2.3- Constructivist Assessment-
Constructivist approach to assessment is a formative rather than a summative. Its purpose is
to improve the quality of student learning, not to provide evidence for evaluating or grading
students. Assessment have to respond to the particular needs and characteristics of the
teachers, students and science content.
The four pillars of great assessment are-
purpose
validity
reliability
value
The Four Pillars of Assessment resource guide will provide you with a strong understanding of
what underpins each pillar and how it supports great assessment.

34. 5.2.4 -Examination Reforms and Question Bank-

35. 5.2.5 -Areas of Research in Evaluation-
Evaluation research is defined as a form of disciplined and systematic inquiry that
is carried out to arrive at an assessment or appraisal of an object, program,
practice, activity, or system with the purpose of providing information that will be
of use in decision making.

36. Questions for Self Study-
1. Explain the concept of Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation.
2. Write in detail the nature and application of modern evaluation technique,
Portfolio.
3. What are the limitations of Constructivist Assessment?
4. What are the major recommended Examination Reforms?
5. Discuss the advantages and limitations of Question Bank.
6. What are the areas where the research in evaluation is required?