Public building is important for development of city or town. It play important role for developing city and full fill the need of People of town as well as government.This Presentation may give general idea of Planning of public building as well as its need and factor for Planning.

1. PLANNING OF BUILDING
Prepared by:
S.K.Thaiyam
Assistant professor
Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology
Rajkot.

2. • Residential Building
 Types of Residential Building
 Site Selection For Residential Building
 Information Collected Prior To Planning
• Public Building
 Introduction
 Types Of Public Building
 Site Selection
 Principal of planning

3. Residential Building
House
• A house is shelter in which
human being live.
Home
• A home is a house in one which
one and his family live enjoy all
the happiness, affection and love
of each other.

4. Cottage
• It is a small house built in open or fields.
• It may be single storeyed or two storeyed.

5. Apartment
• It is usually a set of rooms constructed for the purpose of residence
for tenancy.

6. Type Of Residential Building
• Detached house
• Semidetached house
• Row house
• Block of flat / terrace house
• Duplex type houses

7. Detached House

8. Semidetached House

9. Row House

10. Block Of Flat / Terrace House

11. Duplex Type House

12. Site Selection For Residential Building
• While planning and designing a building the first thought of an architect is about
the general scope or purpose of the proposed building.
• Topography
• Nature of subsoil
• Position of ground water table
• Facilities
• Neighbourhood
• Vegetation
• Shape of the site
• Availability of labours and material
• Distance from market, industries, sewage farm, education institute etc.

13. Information Collected Prior To Planning
• Availability of water and electricity
• Drainage facilities
• North direction
• Desirable view
• Level of the road and plot
• Existing structures in neighbouring plot
• Rainfall, maximum – minimum temp. in summer and winter
• Type of locality
• Access roads
• Overhead high tension lines

14. Information Collected From Owner
• Number of person and age
• Profession of the owner
• Accommodation required
• Kitchen separated dining or combined
• Hobby of owner
• Car parking
• Storage tank for water, type and capacity ,solar water heating system
• Study ,dressing room, office etc.
• Staircase internal external or common
• Floor finish type
• Etc….

15. Planning Of Public Building
• These are the building other than residential building.
• The design of public building depends on nature of the building
(school, hospital, office, police station etc..)
• Every building has its own special character, function and other
requirement.

16. • Some common arrangements required in all type of public building
are:
• Sanitary blocks
• Circulation
• Entrance or reception
• Parking space, garages, cycle stand etc.
• Watch-man cabin
• Public telephone, etc..

17. Sanitary Blocks
• The sanitary block include bathrooms, WC, wash hand basin and
urinals.
• The number required for each building varies according to the
requirements.
Type of block Size adopted
Bath room 1.2 m X 2.1 m
1.5 m X 2.4 m
W.C 0.9 m X 1.2 m
1.0 m X 1.2 m
Urinals 0.9 m X 0.75 m
Passage Width 0.9 to 1.5 m

18. Circulation
• Various units are joined together
horizontally by passages,
corridors and verandahs. Vertical
circulation can be effected by
stairs and lifts.
Passage/ Corridor 1 to 2.5 m
Verandahs Width 1.8 to 3.5 m
Stairs Width 1.2 m(minimum)
Riser 150-170 mm
Tread 300-325 mm
Landing 1-1.8 m wide
Headroom 1.8 m (minimum)
Floor height 2.75 to 6 m
Lifts Lifts are provided for quick and
efficient vertical circulation. Lifts are
used in low and medium class flats (to
carry 5 person)
Car speed =0.5 m/s
Doors = sliding type
Method of control =automatic push
button
Lift for office, hostel and high class flats
to carry 10-20 person

19. Entrance / Reception
• For every public building some space is required at the entrance.
• The area of the entrance shall vary slightly with the number of person
entering at one time ,it shall not be less than 2.75 m.
General sizes of entrance / reception
3 m X 6 m
3.5 m X 7 m
3.75 m X 8 m
4 m X 5 m

20. Parking space, garage and cycle stands

21. Watchman’s cabin
• This is small enclosure generally provided at the entrance gate.
• A minimum size of 2m X 2m is required.

22. Public telephone
• Public telephone are usually provide in the building .A small booth of
size 1m X 1m may installed in entrance space.

23. Types Of Public Building
• Education building
• Hospital building
• Shopping center
• Industrial building
• Bank
• Office building
• Post office

24. School Building

25. Site Selection
• The school site is the first and foremost educational tool in providing quiet,
healthy and pleasant environment.
• The surround must be calm ,quiet, peaceful and cheerful with adequet
natural breeze and sunlight.
• Easily accessible from existing and newly settled areas.
• It should be away from busy traffic and ghastly sight as those of
cementeries and slaughter house.
• No public road or railway passes through it.
• It should not be in proximity of pond, river or deep ravine.
• It located in sloping and well drained area.
• No high tension line should pass through the area.

26. Zones In Education Building
• There are many zones in educational building each zone has got diff.
functional utility.
• Academic
• Administrative
• Common academic
• General amenities

27. Academic
• Class rooms
• Laboratory
• Tutorial room

28. Administrative
• Principals office
• Staff room
• Office establishment and account

29. Common Academic
• Library
• Model room
• Recreational -sports

30. General Amenities
• Toilet
• Storage space
• Water fountain
• Parking place
• Play ground etc.

31. Principal of planning
• Built in area of a school should not exceed 25 % of the site area. The
remaining 75% of land is to be used for sports field and gardens.
• It should be single storeyed or double storeyed and rarely three
storeyed.
• Minimum plinth height should be 0.75 m.

32. Shape Of Building
• Open type building as of L,H,E,F,T,Y, or Z shape are preferred to

33. `

34. Class Rooms

35. Factors For Class Room
• Number of student to be accommodated.
• Type of activity to be carried out.
• Arrangement of furniture and requirement.
• Basic dimension of children and their space requirement.
• Diverse seating arrangement essential for various activities.

36. • The class room is designed at rate of pupil
• The width of class room may be 6 m for effective teaching. The length
of class room should not be more than 9 m.
• The Indian school system of 40 students per class has been commonly
accepted as a standard unit for planning
Type of school Rate of pupil (m2) Minimum size of class
room
Primary 0.9 6.1 m X 7.3 m
Middle school 1.11
6.9 m X 7.3 m
Secondary 1.2-1.5

37. • The first row of bench should be placed minimum distance of 2.25 m
from black board.
• Minimum gap of 0.8 m should be provided between the rows of
benches.
• The window area should be a minimum of 20% of floor area.

38. Sanitary Requirements
Unit For boys For girls
Water closet 1 per 40 1 per 25
Urinals 1 per 20 1 per 20
Drinking water 1 per 60 1 per 40

40. Hospital Building

41. Site Selection
• A general hospital should be located centrally in a quiet place which is
well connected by effective means of transport.
• Substantially extra land should be available for future expansion.
• Site should be located away from busy city area.
• Health environment without pollution

42. Plan of hospital building