Introduction Types Building Rules & Regulations Orientation External Circulation External Elements Grouping Internal Circulation Space Analysis Building Services

1. GROUP HOUSING
Submitted By
Amit Jakhad (14010)
Mansi Pushpakar (14034)
Prerna Chouhan (14044)
Sahil (14048)Library Study

2. INTRODUCTION
In an apartment building, the spaces themselves must be single and universal enough to adopt a variety of lifestyles.
As far as the movement through the apartment is concerned far more specific criteria can be established relying on
basic circulation patterns that are valid for most living conditions.
A well-planned apartment provides maximum privacy for various activities and makes movement to any room
possible without crossing another.
To achieve above various types of circulation, which govern the planning are to be kept in mind.

3. TYPES OF MULTI-STORIED HOUSING
Simplex apartment
• The duplex is an apartment that is
located on two levels
• Living room, kitchen, and dining
area on one level & sleeping area on
the other level connected by an interior
staircase
• The major economic advantage is
the elimination of a corridor & elevator
doors on every other floor
Duplex apartment Triplex apartment
• The simplex is an apartment that has
all Its room on one level
• Both the living and sleeping activity
occur on the same level
• The close proximity of two activities,
however may disturbing if they are not
properly zoned
• Major criticism for simplex has been
the excessive amount of floor area
required in corridors or stairs in order to
gain access to the apartment
• The triplex apartment located on
three different levels
• Living room, kitchen, and dining
area on lower level & sleeping area on
the upper levels connected by an interior
staircase
• This is restricted in high-rise apartment
buildings it is supported in the private
luxury-type buildings

4. TYPES OF MULTI-STORIED HOUSING

5. TYPES OF MULTI-STORIED HOUSING

6. Floor Area
Floor area is the sum of the gross area of the several floors of a building or
buildings, measured from the exterior faces of exterior walls or from the
centerlines of walls separating two buildings.
SITE PLAN
Floor Area ratio (FAR)
It is the total floor area on a zoning lot, divided by the lot area of that
zoning lot.
FAR = total floor area/total lot area
As per given site plan
FAR = 1:2
total lot area = 20,000 sq. m
total floor area = 40,000 sq. m
Minimum Total Floor Area (sq. ft.)
For 1 person 400
For 2 persons 750
For 3 persons 1000
For 4 persons 1150
For 5 persons 1400
For 6 persons 1550
BUILDING RULES & REGULATION

7. Building Height & Set back
• The maximum height up to which any building be built shall not exceed the width of abutting road or street plus the width of the
set back
• The width of front and rear set backs, if left at any point of the building, shall be equal to one-fourth of the height of the building
(minimum 2m) & the width of the side back if left at any point of the building shall be equal to one-fifth of the height of the building
(minimum 1.5)
• Given permissible height = 20m
Minimum height of the room, verandah & ventilation
• The height of a habitable room shall not be less than 2.70m and the mean height of a water closet bathrooms, store room,
gallery, Verandah and mezzanine floor shall not be less than 2.25 and the clear headroom in any case shall not be less than 2.25m
Ground Coverage Area
• Lot coverage is defined as the amount of structure that is covering the
ground, or the “footprint”
• The area of projection shall not be counted towards the covered area
• Given coverage area = 40% (max.) = 16,000 sq. m
Parking
The total area under parking is not to be less than 10% of the area of the site plus 10% of the area of the covered area on all the
floors
BUILDING RULES & REGULATION

8. BUILDING RULES & REGULATION
Staircase
• Every multi-stored building shall have provided with at least two staircase having minimum clear width of 1.20m
• No staircase in a building shall have a riser more than 22cm and tread of less than 23cm
• The width of the landing shall not be less than the width of the staircase
Light & Ventilation
• For daylighting of habitable rooms require at least one window opening or at least 10% of the floor area of the room
• The percent of the area that will be openable ranges from 20 to 50 percent. The most common specification us 45%
Building Drawings
Site plan
• 1:400 for site measuring more than 4,000 sq. m
• The site plan shall be shows the boundaries, roads, tress, lamp posts, outline of the proposed building, levels of the site, courtyard,
Open spaces and other features
Plans, Sections & Elevations
• Scale is not less than 1:50 up to 1800 sq. m
• The plinth level of the building to the proposed street at the front of the building
• Level of courtyard and open spaces

9. ORIENTATION
Orientation
Orientation of building is to design building in such a way as it receives maximum
ventilation and natural light in all climatic conditions. It provides comfortable living
conditions inside the house/building and saves energy bills also.

10. EXTERNAL CIRCULATION
Vehicular & Pedestrians Circulation
• On housing sites it is important to plan for easy and direct movement of pedestrians and vehicles
• Convenience of circulation and safety must be considered & planned together
• Pedestrians generally prefer to walk in direct, straight lines
• Access & circulation for fire-fighting equipment, furniture moving vans, fuel trucks, garbage collection must be planned for
efficient operation
• Walking distance from the main entrances of buildings to the street, driveway, or parking court must be less than 100 ft.

11. EXTERNAL CIRCULATION
Street Classification

12. EXTERNAL CIRCULATION
Accessory Parking
• Parking should never be more than 200ft from the dwellings it serves
• Paved parking areas and courts must be provided
• Dimensions of parking areas must be convenient use for
occupant parking
• Where necessary to provide for bumper clearance and earth beam
for suitable screen planting, parking facilities must not to be Nearer than
5 ft. to any street

13. EXTERNAL ELEMENTS
Functional Relationship of External Elements
The external design is based on categories or zones of usage -
1. Private Personal or family areas (dwelling units rear yards, balconies)
2. Meeting Communal, public areas (open spaces, parks, etc.)
3. Transition Connecting spaces (entry courts, stairs)
4. Services Support functions (roads, paths, utilities)

14. Open space & Recreation
The recreational activities occurring within the project are directly controlled by the open space concept. The size, shape, method
Of containment and ground plan treatment set the stage for most outdoor activities. The following categories of spaces should be
Incorporated in the site plan.
Spatial classification
1. Private or semiprivate spaces
2. Activity spaces
3. Social spaces
4. Neighborhood spaces
Private or semiprivate spaces
• Each family is entitled to its
own outdoor space
• The space shall be minimum of
12ft deep & extend the width of the
unit
• The ground plane should
• include a
100 sq. ft. paved patio
Activity spaces
• Generous expanses of lawn
area are desirable and will
provide a setting for a virtually
limitless number of activities
• Minimum dimensions for
these spaces should be
40 by 90 ft.
EXTERNAL ELEMENTS

15. Open space & Recreation
Social spaces
• Opportunity for social contact should be encouraged but not forced
• Social contact occur in entrance courts, play courts, and other places
Neighborhood spaces
• These areas include outdoor facilities clustered about the neighborhood
center and the various play courts
Outdoor Recreation
The outdoor recreation area should provide for a wide range of possible activities
Accessibility This area should be protected and separated from adjacent properties and roads and easily accessible to the
buildings
Orientation The area get some sun
Community center are public locations where members of a community tend to gather for group activities, social support, public
information, and other purposes.
EXTERNAL ELEMENTS

16. GROUPING
Formation of Cluster
One dwelling per floor
• Is often uneconomical

17. Two dwellings per floor
• Usually around a central core
• Provides a good balance between living quality and economy
• Allows a variety of plans with satisfactory solar orientation
GROUPING
Formation of Cluster

18. GROUPING
Formation of Cluster
Three dwellings per floor
• Offers a good mix of economy and living quality
• 2, 3 and 4 BHK are possible
Four dwellings per floor
• Requires appropriate planning to provide
satisfactory relationship between economy
and living quality
• 2, 3 and 4 BHK are possible

19. Four dwellings per floor
• Basic blocking and
Arrangement of dwellings
GROUPING
Formation of Cluster

20. INTERNAL CIRCULATION
Connectivity of various spaces
• Living area should be located just adjacent to the entrance
• Dining space located in a combined living-dining or separate dining room should
be direct access with the kitchen
• Kitchen should be located in proximity to the primary entrance door of the unit
• Bedroom should be located in private area
• Bathroom should be conveniently accessible to all rooms or maybe
attached
Public
Semi-Public
Semi-Private
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
91. Entrance
2. Foyer
3. Living Room
4. Dining Room
5. Servant/Guest Bedroom
6. Kitchen
7. Gallery
8. Bedroom 1
9. Bedroom 2
10. Powder Room
10

21. INTERNAL CIRCULATION
Connectivity of various spaces
• Entrance Foyer
Central Entrance Adjacent to KitchenAdjacent to Hall

22. INTERNAL CIRCULATION
Connectivity of various spaces
2-BHK
• Entrance Foyer
• Living/Dining Room with attached balcony
• Kitchen
• Master Bedroom with attached Washroom
and balcony
• Bedroom with attached Washroom (one
being used as Powder Room) and balcony
• Utility Room

23. INTERNAL CIRCULATION
Connectivity of various spaces
3-BHK
• Entrance Foyer
• Living/Dining Room with attached balcony
• Kitchen
• Master Bedroom with attached Washroom
and balcony
• 2 Bedrooms with attached Washroom (one
being used as Powder Room) and balcony
• Utility Room
• Servant Room with attached Washroom

24. INTERNAL CIRCULATION
Connectivity of various spaces
4-BHK
• Entrance Foyer
• Living/Dining Room with attached balcony
• Kitchen
• Master Bedroom with attached Washroom
and balcony
• 3 Bedrooms with attached Washroom (one
being used as Powder Room) and balcony
• Utility Room
• Servant Room with attached Washroom

25. SPACE ANALYSIS
LIVING ROOM
Planning Considerations
• Through traffic should be separated from activity centres
• Openings should be located to give enough wall space
For furniture arrangements
Furniture Clearances
• 60 in (5’) between face seating
• 24 in (2’) circulation occurs between furniture
• 30 in (2’-6”) for use of desk
• 36 in (3’) for main traffic
• 60 in (5’) between television set and seating
• Seating arranged around a 10-ft diameter circle
makes a comfortable grouping for conversation
• Indicates clearances, circulation,
and conversation areas.

26. SPACE ANALYSIS
LIVING ROOM

27. SPACE ANALYSIS
DINING ROOM
Planning Considerations
• Number of persons to be seated
• Space used at the table
• Size and type of furniture

28. Furniture Clearances
• 32 in (2’-9”) for chairs plus access to it
• 38 in (2’-3”) for chairs plus access and passage
• 42 in (3’-6”) for serving from behind chair
• 24 in (2’-0”) for passage only
• 48 in (4’-0”) from table to base cabinet
SPACE ANALYSIS
DINING ROOM

29. Furniture Clearances
• 42 in (3’-6”)at one side or foot of bed for dressing
• 6 in between side of bed and side of dresser
• 36 in (3’-0”) in in front of dresser, closet, and chest of drawers
• 24 in (2’-0”) in for major circulation path (door to closet, etc.)
• 22 in (1’-10”) in on one side of bed for circulation
• 12 in (1’-0”) on least used side of double bed
SPACE ANALYSIS
BEDROOM
For comfort, 2 night tables are desirable with a double bed. A minimum
double-bed unit arrangement may be achieved by omitting arm chair
and one side chair, and reducing to 3'-6" the traffic lane at foot of bed.

30. Planning Considerations
• Storage (gathering materials needed for the
performance of the task)
• Cleaning and mixing (or initial preparation)
• Cooking
• Serving, or storing for future use
• Cleaning up
SPACE ANALYSIS
KITCHEN
Flow of work in food preparation
Shapes
U-shaped L-shaped Corridor
r1 + r2 + r3 = 24”-27”

31. Layouts
SPACE ANALYSIS
KITCHEN

32. Classifications
• The conventional three-fixture bath
- Includes bathtub, lavatory and washbasin
- Designed for the occupancy and use of one
individual at a time
- Floor area: 40 sq ft.
• The larger, compartmented bath
- Includes a separation for bathing area to
avoid excessive humidity
- Floor area: 110 - 140 sq ft.
SPACE ANALYSIS
BATHROOM
Conventional three-fixture
Compartment

33. Classifications
• The lavatory or "guest" bath
Includes only lavatory and washbasin
Used as a powder room
Floor area: 22 – 25 sq ft.
• The "utility" both
For laundering purposes
Floor area: 20 sq ft.
SPACE ANALYSIS
BATHROOM
Dressing-cum-Bathroom

34. • An effective means of improving the attractiveness of domestic accommodation units
• An extended work space and easily supervised children’s play area
• Typical uses: relaxation, sunbathing, sleeping, reading, eating etc.
BALCONY
SPACE ANALYSIS
Planning considerations:
• Good orientation in relation to the path of the sun and the view
• Appropriate location with respect to neighbouring flats and houses
• Effective spatial location with respect to adjacent living rooms, studios or bedrooms
• Sufficient size, privacy, protection from noise and weather
• Suitable material for parapets (Eg, opaque glass, plastic or wooden balusters)

35. Corner balconies offer
privacy and good shelter
BALCONY
SPACE ANALYSIS
Open balconies require
a protective screen on the
side facing the prevailing wind
In group of balconies, screens
should be used to
ensure privacy and shelter
In group of balconies, sometimes
it is better to separate balconies
with a part of structure and can
be used as a storage space

36. BUILDING SERVICES
PLUMBING
Water supply
Water supply in multistore building is of
three types
Direct system
Overhead storage supply system
Under ground storage supply system

37. BUILDING SERVICES

38. BUILDING SERVICES
FIRE SAFETY
Every High rise building should have at east 2 means of access,
one remote to the other, of minimum width 4.5m. with height
clearance of 5m. This minimum width is essential to facilitate free
movement of fire units.
If the setback area / open spaces is more than 12 meters, the
provision for car parking Can be done in the setback or open
spaces at the periphery of the courtyard leaving the 6 meter
motor able road.
Car Parking shall have to be done at the basement with
provision for minimum 2 ramps one remote to other.

39. BUILDING SERVICES
FIRE SAFETY
Built in fire fighting
System
requirements chart

40. BUILDING SERVICES
FIRE STAIRCASE
Every high rise building Have minimum 2 number of Staircases.
Width of staircases varies from 1 m. to 2 m.
For residential building width of staircases should be 1 metre.
Out of 2 staircases, 1 can be used as a fire escape staircase.
Width of fire escape should be minimum 0.75 meter.
Number of staircases shall be given as per the travel distances.
Staircase shall not be extended to basement to prevent smoke ,
heat & gases. From the basement smoke, heat 7 gases can be
travel to upper floors.
Access to the basement from the ground should be through a
separate staircase, which is not connected to main staircase
Staircase shall be of enclosed type to prevent entry of
smoke & fire to the staircase & vice versa.

41. BUILDING SERVICES
FIRE LIFTS
Minimum 1 lift capable of carrying minimum 8 persons
weighting 545 kgs. Shall be provided for every high rise
building.
Landing doors of lifts shall open to ventilated lobby & shall
have a fire resistance of 1 hour.
1 lift shall be designed as a “Fire Lift”
“Fireman Switch” shall be provided for each lift.
Lifts shall not be used as means of evacuation.
Collapsible gates shall not be provided for the lift.
If more than 1 lifts are installed the partition wall should be of
minimum 2 hours fire resistance