MRAP Program

MRAP Program
The Mine Resistant Ambush Protective (MRAP) program featured remarkable speed of
development and mass production at the same time that the United States shifted its
counterinsurgency strategy in Iraq. The main controversy over the MRAP program revolved around
the three year delay from its initial identification as a need to its production. This paper asserts that
while MRAP development and production speed was impressive, the slow realization of the enemy's
Improvised Explosive Device (IED) capability and the lack of doctrine and concept development led
to inaction. To support this position, this essay describes the strategic environment with its
competing demands, and it highlights the roles of senior leaders, the Armed Services and the
Combatant ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Military. It is a decision support system for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJSC) and the
JROC chaired by the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (VCJCS) in order to fulfill their
advisory responsibilities. The JCIDS process has four major parts. The Requirement Identification
and Document Generation is the first step, where the Services, CCMDs, and other DOD
Components conduct Capability Based Assessments (CBAs) to determine capability gaps and risks
informed by National Security Strategy (NSS), National Defense Strategy (NDS), National Military
Strategy (NMS), Quadrennial Defense Review (QRD), Guidance for the Employment of the Force
(GEF) and Defense Planning Guidance (DPG) among others. The second step, Document Staffing
and Validation, validates the Capability Development Document (CDD) or Capability Production
Document (CPD) tailored for a materiel approach, similar documents for non–materiel approaches,
as well as Joint Urgent and Emergent Operational Needs lesser than the MDAP level. In the third
step of JCIDS, Post–Validation Process and Iterations, the Analysis of Alternatives (AoA) is
conducted and the Materiel Development Decision (MDD) and other acquisition decisions are
made. In the last step, Joint Prioritization, the CCMDs and Services provide assessment and
weighting of the
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How the Invention of Gunpowder Evolved into Many Other Things
Gunpowder is an explosive element that burns rapidly to produce a high pressure gas. Enlargement
of this gas inside the barrel of a gun can accelerate a bullet to great rapidity. Furthermore,
gunpowder is consequently used as a propellant in numerous ways. It is used as an explosive for
demolition of buildings, fireworks and weapon. The Chinese were the first to convey gunpowder in
the 9th century as they used this creation for fireworks and propelling rockets. This explosives were
a combination of sulfur, charcoal and saltpeter, initially variegated into dry gunpowder form (Ross
C, n.d). This method was inept and by the 1500's newer procedure of gunpowder were been
developed. For example, the dulling of these mixtures and then grinding it, to produce various levels
of coarseness. Acknowledged as 'black powder' this kind of gunpowder continual in use until the
progress of early high explosive, resulting from the innovation of nitroglycerine in the 1840's
During the 1860's the shells fired by a variety of weapons began to be filled with an explosive
known as 'gun cotton' (nitro–cellulose). This was exactly the period of the American Civil War, and
the use of the gun cotton is one of the many reasons why the conflict can be seen as the first 'modern
war'. In combination with rifled, breech–loading artillery pieces, high–explosive shells could inflict
much superior destruction than the concrete balls of earlier cannon. This new, fearsome power
reinvigorated the use of trenches

Essay on Intelligence Analysis
If you had that one piece of the puzzle that would have prevented the bombings of the twin towers
in New York and the Pentagon on September 11 2001 would you know it? If you saw someone do
something weird or suspicious before the attack on September 11 2001, would you have called the
police? If someone had walked into a United States Embassy in a foreign country and said that they
know someone was going to use a plane to destroy New York in two days, could this have stopped
the attack? Intelligence Analysis puts the raw sources of information together, make predictions
based on the data, and finally publish the results. Stephane Lefebvre wrote that " intelligence
analysis is the process of evaluating and transforming raw data ... Show more content on
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Putting the data into related groups that will either confirm, enhance or disagree with each group of
data. The process of synthesizing the information, using the current data, past history of the
subject(s), and additional relevant information, begins toward a final conclusion. Different
predictions, conclusions or scenarios are made based on both the data and the analyst insight,
training and past experience. The results are sometimes rated based from most likely to occur to the
least likely to occur. As the International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, writer
Stephane Lefebvre points out "Of course, accurate estimates depend at least as much upon the
mental model used by the analyst as upon the accuracy and completeness of the information itself" (
236). The analysis is then given to consumers and policy makers, once it is checked by the analyst
supervisor and peers. The analyst should also be ready to give a briefing on short notice. But both
the analyst and the policy maker or consumer have to be aware of at all times, is that the intelligence
field does not know everything. "On any given subject, the intelligence community faces what is in
effect a field of rocks, and it lacks the resources to turn over every one to see what threats to national
security may lurk underneath" (Pillar).
While the intelligence analysis field is a small discipline, it can have its

A Day That Changed My Life Forever
December 5, 2005 will be a day that changed my life forever. This day would be a day that would
bring me many friends, nightmares, experiences, and the responsibility I would never have thought I
would have. The struggles, achievements and situations in which I would find myself in do not
come to just any normal person with an ordinary job. On this day I enlisted to join the United States
Army.
ARMY
I had just started my freshman year at Northern Michigan University. It was a local college in my
hometown. I was young, dumb, and reckless without a care in the world. I had no idea what I
wanted to major in yet. My mentality for the last 18 years had been "I will figure it out as I get
there". This exact same mind set carried over as far as my obligation to pay for school, so as the
semester came to an end, I found myself more in debt than I would like to be and with no means of
being able to get out of it with my current situation I found myself in. On December 5, 2005 I
walked over to the Army recruiter office and enlisted into the United States Army as an Infantryman.
Before long I was visiting multiple doctors, filling out numerous papers, and taking an unwanted
amount of shots.
From the very start of my enlistment, once I stepped foot off the cattle truck it was the hardest thing
I have ever done in my life. I was climbing towers and ropes higher then I had ever wanted to.
Operating weapon systems that I had only seen in movies and on TV. The days of

Detection or Identification of Trace Amounts of Explosives
The detection and/or identification of trace amounts of explosives.
The review of each method should include a description of the way the method works and the
advantages and drawbacks of the technique.
Introduction
An explosive, are reactive substances that contain a large amount of potential energy that can yield
an explosion if they are released rapidly, they are accompanied by the production of light, heat,
sound, and pressure. Mainly used in the mining industry for extraction of minerals and resources,
explosives have been used as a weapon of destruction. Explosives often contain oxidising
substances such as nitrates chlorates, and a binding agent such as ammonium and potassium, which
can be detected and analysed to prevent such substances from being used as a weapon.
Explosives detection is critically important in many field settings (e.g., military facilities,
minefields, crime scenes, and remediation sites) and has become a necessity for the safety of the
general public (e.g., at airports and mass transit areas), there remains a demand for inexpensive and
reliable explosive instruments for identifying specific explosives. High explosives are considered to
be organic and oxidizing, a relatively uncommon mixture that makes them tractable for molecular
recognition.
On 22 December 2001 Richard Colvin Reid also known as the Shoe Bomber attempted to detonate
explosives packed into the shoes he was wearing, while on American Airlines Flight 63 from Paris
to Miami.

Instilling Fear Through Dirty Bombs Essay
People often associate the word bomb with the idea of a weapon of mass destruction, but in reality
fear can be a weapon in of itself. Such is the case of the dirty bomb, it is a weapon aimed at
instilling fear in the local population thus making it a weapon of mass disruption. The similarities
between a dirty bomb and an improvised explosive device (IED) are remarkable. In our modern
wars of Iraq, Afghanistan and several other theaters of operations the IED has been the weapon of
choice for insurgents. They are cheap to make and can be constructed from left over explosives and
shrapnel producing elements, these same qualities are shared by the dirty bombs. The primary and
often overlooked effect is the fear that it instills in the groups ... Show more content on
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Gunmen overpowered the driver in the early–morning hours of last Monday in Hidalgo state about
30 miles north of the capital and made off with the truck and its cargo. (Wilkinson, 2013)
This event goes to show how a simple truck hijacking could have produced a large amount of
materials for several dirty bombs. Fortunately in this case law enforcement acted quickly detaining
the individuals and recovering the radioactive waste. The explosive component is no impossible task
to attain either, gun powder from Wal–Mart will do. There have been documented occurrences
where the exploding component of a simple dirty bomb was comprised of traditional dynamite
(King, 2004). That shows, that any terrorist organization with the least amount of motivation could
easily gather the materials required to cause destruction. The ease of acquiring materials for a dirty
bomb is dwarfed by the simplicity that it takes to construct the device. As mentioned earlier
individuals looking to cause destruction among the local population coupled with the basic
knowledge of explosives can create a device to create such a weapon. The construction of a dirty
bomb can be as simple as combining an explosive component, a fuse, screws and or nails along with
the radioactive material all enclosed in a case.
The reason that the dirty bomb is such an imminent threat is because of the ease of making it. If
terrorist wanted

Eod Team Leader Certs Essay
(DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their
contractors only because this publication contains technical and operational information. This
determination was made on 22 March 2006. Other requests will be referred to CASCOM, ATTN:
EOD Training Writer/Developer, 401 1st St Suite 225, Ft Lee. VA 23801–1511. DESTRUCTION
NOTICE: This Supercedes STP 9–55D14–SM–TG dated June 2002. )SOLDIER TRAINING
HEADQUARTERS PUBLICATION DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. STP–9–89D14–SM–TG
Washington, DC, 06 Mar 2007 SOLDIER'S MANUAL and TRAINER'S GUIDE MOS 89D
SOLDIER'S Manual/Trainer's Guide, Explosive Ordnance Disposal, Skill Levels 1–4 Skill Levels 1,
2, 3 and 4 Table of ContentsTABLE OF ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
quipment 3–64 093–89D–1360 Perform Emergency Contamination Control Station (ECCS)
Operations 3–65 093–89D–1362 Identify Nuclear Weapons and System Components 3–68 093–
89D–1363 Assist in Render Safe Procedures on Nuclear Weapons 3–69 093–89D–1364 Segregate
Nuclear Weapon and Hazardous Components into Categories 3–71 093–89D–1365 Perform
Packaging Procedures for Nuclear Weapons and Components 3–72 Subject Area 6: Assist Render
Safe Procedures and Techniques 093–89D–1237 Perform Electromagnetic Radiation Shielding
Procedures 3–74 093–89D–1238 Perform EOD Procedures Using Special Explosive Charges 3–75
093–89D–1366 Perform EOD Procedures using Explosive Driven Water Based Tools 3–76 Subject
Area 7: EOD Team Assistant Incident Responsibilities / Procedures 093–89D–1120 Recognize
Confined Spaces 3–77 Skill Level 3 Subject Area 8: Supervise Operation of EOD Tools and
Equipment 093–89D–3186 Plan SMUD Operations 3–78 Subject Area 9: General EOD Procedures
093–89D–3108 Identify Foreign Military and Commercial Explosives 3–80 Subject Area 10:
Supervise CBRN Incident Operations 093–89D–3259 Perform EOD Procedures on a Chemical
Mission 3–81 093–89D–3309 Supervise Emergency Personnel Decontamination Station (EPDS)
Operations 3–83 093–89D–3310 Perform EOD Procedures on a Nuclear Mission 3–84 093–89D–
3357 Supervise Emergency Contamination Control Station (ECCS) Operations 3–85 093–89D–
3406 Perform the EOD Procedures on a Depleted Uranium Mission 3–87

Endnote Analysis
ELEC5208 Intelligent Electricity Networks Pre–lab 2 SCADA System – Faults in Unloaded System
Question 1 Due to the Micom meters and replays in the PSS1, Micom S10 is used as the IED user
software. Please take some research to find if there is any other IED user software used in current
electric utilities to implement system automation, such as from ABB, Schneider, etc. Present another
three examples, compare and comment on their features. Are there any special features required for
distribution system comparing with transmission system? Answer: 1. The first example comes from
Schneider Electric. The software is called microcom S1 studio Microcom S1 Studio Schneider
Electric universal IED support software, to provide users ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Even bad actors manipulate the configuration file, the front panel of this simple examination will
determine the parameters of the device is set to the correct value. 2. The 2nd example comes from
ABB. Protection and control device manager PCM600. PCM600 comply with IEC 61850, simplifies
IED engineering and can communicate with other IEC 61850 standard tools of information. Reflect
the true system level demonstration model topology, you can view and efficient, edit information
about the power system. PCM600 offers powerful interference from planning to operations and
process throughout the life cycle management ABB substation IEDs function interface. Protection
and control device management PCM600 tool provides a variety of functions for the entire
application life cycle and controls all Relion protection at all voltage levels. This tool helps users
easy to handle security and surveillance equipment from the wave all the way to achieve process
management and communication configuration, including automatic reports of interference.
Designed for communication, PCM600, or directly through the communication port of the IED front
portion of the above interactions through corporate LAN or WAN fast and reliable TCP / IP–IED.
PCM600 tool can read and write all configuration and use a command set IED data. User interface,
workflow and data model in PCM600 IEC 61850 is based on the same concept for Relion protection
and control IED, to

The Pros And Cons Of Firefighting Robots
Firefighting robots would never replace human firefighters not even on a large scale. It would be
good for robots to be able to some fire jobs because some fire jobs may be too dangerous for
humans so they could use a robot instead to do the job more safely. These robots currently are
controlled by remotes. fire fighting robot that looks like a ball and when there is a bad fire the
people will put the ball on the ground and the ball will turn into a bug and run around and put out
the fires to keep them from spreading so much. This robot can travel 7 to 12 mph through the forest
this robot is made for the forest only. According to the researches 20 of these bugs can cover up to
2700 square miles. This bug scares off hundreds of forest animals.(Gabbert, 2017) The reason why
these people had invented these fire fighting robots was to help the people get to fires easier if
they're really bad because some people can not get so close if the fire is too hot it will burn the
people so the people invented the robots to get close and make it a lot easier to put out the fires.
These robots can be worth up to millions just because of all the technology takes to build one of
these robots some could be very difficult and some could be a lot more simple than others. There is
this one robot that the navy seal us it is 5 feet tall and 10 inches it is a size of a normal human it is
very high technology. This robot helps protect the sea from any fires and helps the Navy. this
machine

Asymmetric Threats Essay
Currently there are several definitions of asymmetric threats listed throughout the internet as well as
other literature. The definition that best sums up the meaning in my view is leveraging
unconventional tactics against a superior opponent with the goal of disrupting the willingness to
achieve the operational objectives. The most common and current example of this would be the
insurgency tactics used in Iraq and Afghanistan. The United States must not assume those tactics
and strategies will only be used abroad. The same asymmetric threats our country's security
initiative is facing are the same challenges are seaports are facing. Some examples of the potential
asymmetric threats the United States seaport faces are nuclear weapons, ... Show more content on
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The impact of a chemical environment would also lessen the dominance of a United States military
operation. The United States military is commonly known to operate both deployment and re–
deployment operations at specific ports of embarkation and debarkation; making targeting for a
chemical attack fairly simple.
Like chemical weapons, biological weapons are easy to obtain, but the area covered by such an
attack is fairly small and limited. The most effective area to use a chemical weapon on a seaport
would be the operation center of that port due to the limited damage it will cause to the
infrastructure. The psychological effect of VX or Sarin would devastate any port operation and to
trace the origin of the agents would prove to be very difficult.
The most common vulnerabilities to seaports exist due to the geographical location and the amount
of activity surrounding most seaports. Highways, railways, and joining waterways create many
security issues and make larger seaports terrorist strategic targets. The sheer size of the sea requires
numerous resources and assets from agencies such as the United States Coast Guard. The task of
monitoring and securing seaports is an international challenge because the United States trade goods
with various countries. Security standards vary from country to country causing any substandard
port to become an

A Report On Eod Robotics
September 29, 2016
Bill Schultz
Mrs.Mashock
EOD Robotics EOD Robotics
Introduction
Eod robots are part of the reason people don 't get blown up while walking down the street.
However not everyone has explosives they can use for blowing people up. Eod robots are robots
used by bomb disposal teams, EOD stands for explosives ordinance disposal.
The remote–controlled, heavy–duty robot tEODor (telerob Explosive Ordnance Disposal and
observation robot) is designed and manufactured by Telerob. Telerob is a business unit of Cobham
Unmanned Systems. The robot is designed to provide enhanced bomb disposal capabilities to
explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) teams. The robot offers high reliability and excellent
manoeuvrability. It can be used to identify and disarm booby traps, fireworks, improvised explosive
devices and other dangerous objects in closed areas, buildings and vehicles. It also performs
reconnaissance, monitoring and investigation of objects in extra dangerous conditions.The tEODor
bomb disposal robot system is in service with military and law enforcement units of more than 41
countries worldwide.
The battery–powered tEODor robot system features modular design incorporating a wide array of
accessories and advanced technical capabilities. The robot has a length of 1.3m, width of 6.85m, a
height of 1.24m and a weight of 375 kg. It can carry a payload of 350 kg. tEODor can be equipped
with chemical and radiological sensors for recon activities.The x–ray device is

How the National Industry of Smuggling Harms the Economy...
Smuggling is the illegal transportation of goods or people, such as out of building into a prison , or
cross an international border in volation of applicable laws or other regulation. There are various
way to smuggle. These include the participation in illegal trade, such as in the drug trade etc.
Smuggling severly harms the economy of a country in multidimensional ways. "Smuggling was not
just a cottage industry, but a national industry."
Jim Sinclair
Smuggling is an activity which involves the importation or exportation of goods by wrong or
unlawful means with objective of evading taxes.
Smuggling is an illegal method of conducting business. The principle causes of smuggling are greed
for wealth ignorance and lack of nationalism. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
RAWALPINDI: British Woman Jailed For Smuggling Drugs
A court jailed a british mother of three for life for attempting to smuggle 63 kilogram of heroin out
of the country.
Markets and shops across the country are flooded with smuggled goods of any and all descriptions.
Smuggled items through the borders of Iran, Afghanistan, China and the Afghan transit trade form a
major part of the informal economy volume of which ranges between 50to60 percent of the formal
economy, which is depriving the country of its rightful levies including excise and customs duty
worth hundreds of billions of Rupees.
Thousands of industrial units have been rendered sick, due to the availability of smuggled goods in
open markets. Afghan imports under Afghan transit trade are actually arranged for back smuggling
into Pakistan with the help of Afghan traders. It is not possible to determine the precise amount of
revenue loss and size of black money or shifting of money abroad .revenue loss on account of
smuggling of Afghan transit trade alone, as estimated by the World Bank, amounted to US during
nine years from 2001to2009.
Smuggling has now become a routine part of all economic activities in Pakistan which hardly raises
any eye brows nor stirs the slightest fear of the law. Pakistan which hardly measuring and
countering enormous revenue leakages and black money. Its size estimated to be three time the
regular economy. People are bringing in

Warren Bennis Once Said “Leadership Is The Capacity To
Warren Bennis once said "leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality". Throughout my
fourteen year military career I have been shown many good and bad examples of how a leader
should act to turn their visions into reality. It is from these very leaders that I too have learned to
become a leader myself and it has helped me further my career. It however took time and experience
for my leadership skills to develop. Throughout this paper I will show how my military experiences
has taught me to become a good leader. I was born from immigrant parents and my main goal in life
was to be part of the greatest army in the world and I always had the mindset that nothing was going
to stop me from achieving that. Back in 2003 I was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Throughout this first deployment I learned from observing good leaders, bad leaders, and toxic
leaders. All of them whether good or bad helped shape my career. These leaders helped me to see a
bigger picture of who I wanted to become and and also how I didn 't want to lead. On our return
home from deployment we were treated like heroes. People at the airport cheered for us and
expressed their gratitude for our service and sacrifice for our country. In those moments I felt a great
sense of accomplishment that almost made it all worth wile. And it made me also want to become
better leader so I could go out there and do it again for my country. After being back home for seven
months we received news that we were going right back to Iraq. This time with a new wheeled
fighting platform "strikers", to which I was more than happy to raise my hand and ask Uncle Sam to
put me in for five more years. Throughout this deployment I noticed some progress compared to the
last deployment to Iraq. Although, the Improvised Explosive Device (IED), small arms fire, and the
mortar attacks remain unchanged. My unit was stationed in a camp named Camp Taji where we ran
operations for that whole surrounding region. Remember the sarcastic Airborne Instructor Sargent
First Class at the time that told me I can yell airborne every time I jump out of the bus? I heard his
familiar, thick accent

The Invention Of The Telephone
Autumn Zavala Ms. Covington Period 5 May 2, 2017 The Invention of the Telephone Since the
beginning of time, man has refined communication using various techniques expressing his thoughts
and ideas. Man utilized many diverse ways corresponding with others case in point, painting on
cave walls, smoke signals, beating on drums and "talking wires" (the name American Indians gave
to the overhead wires on poles used during the 1800's, commonly known as "telegraph"). (Chief
Seattle, Chief of the Suquamish Indian allegedly wrote to the American Government in the 1800's)
http://www.barefootsworld.net/seattle.html. There were many issues causing problems with
communications as were primitive methods used communicating. ... Show more content on
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The telephone is an important invention expanding and simplifying communication. The invention
sped and increased global communication increasing the capacity for real–time interaction at a
distance. The telephone produces a higher standard of living and we are the generation of
technology explosion. The telephone also changed how people communicate with each other on a
daily basis. https://www.reference.com/technology/telephone–important–d43f7500c325dac2. In
today's corporate offices communication is made via virtual telephone face–to–face meetings. Using
the telephone's technology of today private individuals can access the computer and virtually hold
the world in their hands. All we need to do now is utilize verbal skills (and not chatter). We make
our thoughts known via the telephone compensating for communication deficiencies. Telephones
can be used to send
Autumn Zavala Page 3 send a message such as "I love you" or "you still owe me ten bucks" without
anyone hearing. Franklin, Ursula (1999) The Real World of Technology. Toronto: House Anansi
Press. Valid questions can be articulated into the telephone receiver identified as "Siri" and "she" can
answer virtually each and every inquiry. Siri is a built–in "intelligent assistant" that enables users of
Apple iPhone 4S and later and newer iPad and and iPod Touch devices to speak natural language
voice commands in order to operate the mobile device and its apps.

Veterans : The Intricate Journey
Veterans the Intricate Journey
Veterans are the individuals that by practicing their beliefs in freedom, have unintentionally
rewritten history. They exist as our dads, moms, uncles, brothers, sisters, and grandfathers.
Americans honor these veterans that are willing to offer the ultimate sacrifice in order to honor and
protect their country. Yet, society constantly overlook their desire and passion for this country.
Veterans Day is the day that society set aside every year to honor those who have served. Veterans
submit themselves to a long journey filled with life changing events in order to defend their
countries' values and deserve further appreciation.
Several people have forgotten what it means to be a veteran. Most of the younger populace would
just say it is putting on a uniform, carrying a gun, and having to shoot at an enemy, nevertheless it is
usually more about defending their country and standing up for what is right, even after numerous
days of severe and sweaty fighting the enemy with their fellow soldiers dying all around soldiers,
until the war is finally over and soldiers gets to return home with the knowledge that other soldiers
were not as lucky. This is what it means to be a veteran. A veteran's glory tends to be
underappreciated by the majority of the American people, since they do not understand all the
misery and pain that the soldiers endured for it isn't mentioned in the job description. American
people need to do more in order to show respect to

The Mine Resistant Ambush Protective
The Mine Resistant Ambush Protective (MRAP) program featured remarkable speed of
development and production at the time the United States shifted its counterinsurgency strategy in
Iraq. The controversy over the MRAP program revolved around the three year delay from when the
field initially identified its need until its production. This paper asserts that while MRAP
development and production speed was impressive, the slow reaction to the enemy's Improvised
Explosive Device (IED) capability and the lack of doctrine and concept development led to delay.
To support this position, this essay describes the strategic environment with its competing efforts,
and it compares the MRAP acquisition to normal Major Defense Acquisition Programs (MDAP).
Furthermore, it recommends rapid acquisition of other MDAPs of equivalent strategic importance
and urgency, and it highlights the key roles of senior leaders, the Services and the CCMDs within
the MRAP acquisition process. The strategic environment of the MRAP program spanned from
2003 through 2008. It began when General Abizaid, Commander of U.S. Central Command,
declared that IEDs were the "No. 1 threat." This declaration from one Combatant Commander
(CCDR) was far short of the fundamentals required to develop a joint concept and its subsequent
solutions. Although MRAPs seemingly provided a solution to an enemy capability, there was no
joint concept that was idea–focused, collaboratively developed and assessed, or rigorously
evaluated.

RQ-7 Shadow
The continued development of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) creates new capabilities and
continually improves legacy platforms. A system in development over the years is the RQ–7
Shadow. This platform has a wide verity of uses and capabilities ranging from tactical to strategic
mission sets. The United States developed this system to provide Brigade (BDE) commanders with
improved capabilities and situational awareness within their area or responsibility (AOR) (TC 2–
22.7, 2011). Through these advancements UAS are improving the capabilities within the geospatial
intelligence (GEOINT) profession by helping to solve GEOINT intelligence problem sets. The
United States military used UAS technology during WWII and the Vietnam wars. However, the
development of the RQ–7 Shadow did not start until 1991. It was first flown by the Army for testing
in 1992 and mass production began in 1999. Manufacturers delivered the RQ–7 Shadow to army
units in 2001 and began operations in 2002 (Military Periscope, 2014). The most common payload
the RQ–7 carries is the Plug–in Optronic Payload visible/Infrared (P.O.P. visible/IR). The P.O.P.
visible/IR payload gives the shadow capabilities to shoot full motion video (FMV) day and night,
daytime TV during the day, and Near Infrared (NIR) throughout the night (TC 2–22.7, 2011). By ...
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Quality GEOINT analysis leads to proper area reconnaissance, BDA, IED/counter drug measures,
and targeting. However, the Shadow is not always the best option, because it can be unreliable due
to data link and weather issues, engine noise, and limited flight time. The US Army can also use this
asset to help and aid partnered countries. The Shadow continues to advance in capabilities and
technologies. Ultimately, the RQ–7 Shadow is an asset that can generate great results, because it is
easily accessible to the GEOINT

9/11: The Use Of Chemical And Biological Weapons
September 11, 2011 at 8:45a.m. the world went through an event that would change the future of not
only the United States of America but the whole world. After the Twin towers dropped the most
powerful country was brought to its knees, by a force that would be later identified as the Taliban.
Imagine if the terrorists who hijacked the planes would have had a chemical or biological weapon
they used during the attack. It would have cause many more deaths. The ability for the enemy to get
and use chemical, biological or weapons of mass destruction is a very real threat. Every day we need
to be vigilant to our enemy's movements and never allow our guard to be down again. October 7,
2001 less than a month after the Twin towers went down the United ... Show more content on
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The first attack would come to a group of school girls who were walking home from school. When
two men on a motorcycle used a water pistol to spray acid in the girls face. At least two girls
suffered serious injuries and would no longer be able to see. Now this attack might not seem like a
huge chemical weapon attack but it is the beginning of the use of these types of weapons. In 2009
five girls briefly slipped into comas and nearly 100 other pupils needed treatment after an alleged
gas attack on their school. The victims were vomiting and dizzy, and some lost consciousness.
Taliban sympathizers hostile to girl's education were to blame (Boone, J). 20 poison gas attacks on
girls' schools in Afghanistan from April 2009 to August 2010. These appear to have involved the
release of pesticide–type chemicals in schools; no fatalities have resulted, but a total of at least 636
children and 36 teachers and staff have been injured, some seriously. These attacks have been
attributed to the Taliban and have been connected with threats against girls pursuing educations. 9
poison attacks on police and other civilians, Afghanistan, from March 2012 to April 2013. In most
cases poison was placed in food, followed by armed attacks on incapacitated survivors. In total at
least 53 were killed and 40 or more injured. 16 poison attacks in Takhar province, Afghanistan, from
April 2012 to July 2012 on girls' schools. Several (if not all) of these cases involved poisoning of the
school's water supply. A total of 1,355 children and 28 teachers and staff were injured in these
attacks. In June Afghan authorities made arrests in the cases, implicating the Taliban as well as
international terrorists. However, the World Health Organization has claimed that the cases are the
result of mass hysteria, with no confirmation of the presence of a poison. 7 poison attacks on girls'
schools in Afghanistan, from

Boko Haram : Africa Of Peril
Boko Haram: Africa in Peril The African Continent has had numerous problems in the last century
that have caused low development, low hygiene, and high death rates. These problems include
finances, lack of clean food and water, poor weather, diseases, and terrorist attacks. All of these
problems can cause death, poverty, or a need to emigrate from the area. For years these problems
have made it difficult to develop these countries to enable them to help their citizens and vanquish
these problems. Terrorism is a large threat to Africa, but mainly in Western Africa, due to the large
group known as Boko Haram. Boko Haram has done mass abductions, displaced millions from their
homes, and killed thousands. To understand how Boko Haram effects Africa one must be familiar
with their history and attacks,tactics and strategy, and their organization and recruitment. Boko
Haram has a brief, but very eventful history where it has gone through periods of violence,
allegiance to other groups, and turmoil within their group. The group was founded in 2002 by
Mohammed Yusuf in Maiduguri, the northern state Borno. A religious center was set up here, where
it attracted Muslims to create an Islamic State. For example, in an article by Africa Check Boko
Haram's founding was discussed: "The group now known as Boko Haram began to emerge in 2002,
when a collection of like–minded Islamists retreated to a remote area of the northeast called
Kanamma... They had been followers of a young, charismatic

What is Truly Seriving?
Truly serving means "willingness to set aside our personal agenda and serve others on their terms,"
and an "eagerness to (...) take proactive steps to find opportunities to serve" (Soper, 1) Service has
many layers, including giving up "the normal progression of life–high school, college, work–to do
something whose end was civic" (Mangone). However, service generally boils down to four main
categories: giving a part of yourself, committing yourself to a cause, believing in something greater
than yourself, and asking for help. The men and women of the United States military exemplify each
of these categories through their dedication and sacrifice. They are the epitome of service,
sacrificing life and limb to protect our freedom. The Wounded Warrior Project offers a number of
programs, including Warriors to Work, Peer Support, Family Retreats, and many others to serve
veterans after they have returned from the line of duty.
Service means giving a part of yourself. For Army Staff Sergeant Chris Gordon this was literal;
Chris lost his right leg while serving in Iraq. On March 13, 2005, he was participating in a routine
patrol in the Iraqi city of Tal–Afiar. According to Chris,
"They said we were going to take part in a search. By that time, we'd been in Iraq for six months,
and we had done a lot of searches like that. Then on that morning, we found some contraband,
confiscated it, and then we were consolidating around a mosque. Each Stryker came up and lined up
before we got the

MRAP Program Essay
The Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) program differ from a normal procurement program
by being a relatively available commercial off the shelf (COTS) vehicle, senior leadership
involvement, and ample funding. The MRAP program acquisition methodology should not be
repeated for other major defense acquisition programs. Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) became
a wicked problem for the U.S. military in Iraq, especially for the ground forces. The MRAP program
was a leadership driven, a partial operational solution, not a strategic solution. Accordingly, the
MRAP program showcased positive and negative effects of a rapid acquisition process. Strategic
leaders must allow operational and tactical leaders to define requirements. Strategic leaders should
establish prioritization of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The MRAP program followed the normal defense acquisition process, but some aspects of the
program cannot be duplicated easily. Conatser and Grizio outlined four requirements for a rapid
acquisition process – mature technical solution, user's acceptance of a short term solution, full
support by the leadership, and full funding. The MRAP program met all these requirements. There
were several MRAP type vehicles already in full production mode that just needed to be mass
produced. Using multiple vendors allowed quick mass production of MRAPs. Although later shown
to be insufficient to defeat all IED threats as the Insurgents increased the size of IEDs and used
Explosive Formed Projectiles (EFP), the commanders in Iraq accepted MRAPs. There were several
politicians pushing the U.S. military to procure MRAPs quickly as possible. In 2007, Secretary
Gates "made MRAP the top DoD acquisition priority." Lastly, the Congress allocated sufficient
funding for the MRAP program. Secretary Carter cites the MRAP program as an example of "how
much can be accomplished with the full backing of leaders in Congress and the

The Effects Of Explosion Exposure On Central Auditory...
The health effects following exposure to blast impact are a growing concern in the United States,
especially in the military population. The United State's involvement in warfare in recent years has
led to many unseen developments not only psychologically but also physically in the service men
and women returning home. Technological changes in current years have allowed for the
development of various types of lethal weaponry, such as with high–intensity explosive devices.
Improvised explosive devices, known as IEDs have largely been used in recent wars in Iraq and
Afghanistan. The use of IEDs in combat has led to debilitating losses and handicaps experienced by
some of our military personnel, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). The ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the breakthrough studies (Gallun et al., 2012) tested 36 blast–exposed and 29 non blast–
exposed participants. Participants were tested on batteries of behavioral and physical tests whose
scores can demonstrate a connection to problems with central auditory processing (Gallun et al.,
2012). The purpose of the study was to see if participants with blast exposure performed worse on
these tests than participants without blast exposure, especially with hearing in complex auditory
environments and speech–in–noise types of measures (Gallun et al., 2012). The blast exposure
group included veterans seeking treatment at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center post–Iraq War.
They identified as having exposure to a high–intensity blast at least once within the past year. They
were excluded from the study if they had any TBI higher than the moderate diagnosis, and were also
excluded if they had a hearing loss over 50 dB HL. Subjects without blast–exposure were also
recruited for the study and were tested at the National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research
in Portland. These subjects' data were used as a baseline comparison to obtain data reflecting the
general population that has been unaffected by blast exposure. The non–blast exposure group was
recruited into the study based on similar age and hearing capabilities as those with blast exposure.
Participants from both groups underwent

Too Many Threats for Soldiers
In today's world as an American soldier there are an untold amount of things that may be perceived
as a threat. During the United States war on global terrorism these threats have migrated away from
the common enemy holding a gun, grenade, or rocket in which the soldier would be accustomed to
seeing. Instead what has turned into a common occurrence in conflict is the use of IEDs (Improvised
Explosive Devices). These lethal weapons commonly crafted out of tools and objects that are
usually found within an ordinary home. Large tin coffee cans packed with explosives within its
bottom, filled to the top with sharp and small objects ranging from separated scissors to nuts and
bolts to act as shrapnel bombs. These would be set aside a dirt road adjacent to a pile of trash with a
triggering mechanism either timed, remote detonation or a pressure trigger by wire in order to set off
around unsuspecting soldiers who may be within a convoy or patrolling around the outskirts of a
village. This example is one of many in which the threat that the soldier must recognize is one that is
much more difficult to see, making it a prime method for terrorists to use in their efforts. These
methods however were not always the only threats in which a soldier would encounter. In previous
experiences that have been reported the detonation of an IED had acted much like the blow of a
whistle, a flag being waved around to cue the start of an ambush. In situations much like the add–on
to this example it

Ranger Battalion Is The United States Army
I was in 3rd Ranger Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment, U.S. Army Special Operations Command
(U.S.A.S.O.C.). Ranger Battalion is the United States Army's premier direct–action raid force.
Being in Ranger Battalion is unlike anything I had ever previously known, this tight–knit
brotherhood of modern–day Spartan warriors has bonds that even death cannot break. I deployed in
a classified location in Afghanistan to capture or kill wanted terrorists of our nation. My platoon and
I stepped off the plane and immediately got slapped in the face by the smell of burning jet fuel
mixed with human waste. The weirdest part was looking around at what the terrain was like, it
reminded me exactly of Arizona. Everyone in my platoon grabbed all our equipment ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The air crewmen got on the mini–gun which shoots 6000 rounds per minute and started shooting
precisely into the village, where the gunfire came from to allow us the freedom to maneuver. The air
crewmen gave us the 30–seconds–till–landing command, and we touched down with ferocity. We
prepared ourselves. They lowered the ramp and we took off sprinting towards the objective like
Rangers always do. Making sure I stayed in the formation, adjacent to my squad leader. We sprinted
to the target compound at an ungodly pace. We ran into the wall, which allowed us to stop all our
forward momentum on a dime. While simultaneously stacking up on the outer wall. I ran up ahead
of the stack and placed the wall charge explosive that I had built. I backed away seven feet which
was the minimum safe distance for my charge, and boom! My explosive charge created a perfect
door–sized entry hole in the wall. Then I took out my flash–bang grenade, pulled the pin, and threw
it through the entry hole which temporarily stuns enemies with an extremely bright flash and loud
noise. Since I was the one closest to the entry I went in first. As I took one step into the breach, I had
three other rifle barrels over top of my shoulder, covering my every move as all four of us breached
and cleared the compound. I button–hooked left and proceeded to clear my corner first, then turning
up and scanning the rest of the compound for enemy combatants. I found a large cache of

Improvised Explosive Device
How Improvised Explosive Device changed the US Armored Vehicles
In the early stages of the war on terror the United States military flooded the Middle East with
equipment that had not been updated since Desert Storm. Troop carriers and up armored Humvees
were flown in to the Middle East along with being sent by naval vessels to accomplish the mission
at hand. However, with the changing of times the opposing forces and tactics adapted to impact the
US–led invasion. The outdated equipment of yesteryear was causing catastrophic casualty rates at
levels never seen before. An innovative enemy was created, the improvised explosive device (IED).
With this undeniable threat, a change needed to be employed immediately to increase the survival
rate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the quick thinking of the Taskforce and proper backing of the Secretary of Defense, an answer
to the needs of the troops was implemented. Who knows what the casualty numbers would have
reached without protection of the MRAP! As the war continues to wind down and withdraw the
remainder of the troops, the armored engineers and builders who spent countless hours to develop
and build that piece of equipment should know they had an impact in saving more lives than they
may

The National Liberation Army (ELN)
The National Liberation Army (ELN) was established July, 4th 1964 by college students and a group
of radical, Catholic clergy that were inspired by the revolution that took place in Cuba (Stanford,
2012). Since its inception, the ELN have had an ongoing rivalry with the Revolutionary Armed
Forces of Columbia (FARC), due to a constant power struggle between the two groups. The ELN
operate in Columbia additionally, they have ties to Cuba, as well as other Latin American countries.
The objective of the ELN is to topple the current Colombian government and establish a communist
model (Stanford, 2012). The ELN's motivation stems primarily from the revolution in Cuba, as well
as a large Catholic influence. Historically, Colombia has opposed the ELN and their attempts at
gaining power within the country. However, there has been corruption by government and military
officials. The corruption comes in the way of support for the ELN (Stanford, 2012). Regardless of
the corruption, the Colombian government is currently making strides to begin peace talks with the
ELN in 2014; however, no specific dates have been established. (Insight crime, n.d.).
The ELN operates as a paramilitary force with many different tactics, techniques, and procedures
(TTP's), like that of other guerilla forces. One primary offense tactic for the ELN is to employ
improvised explosive devices. In the past the ELN has used the explosive devices to bomb oil
pipelines as a show of force (Insight Crime, n.d.).

Joint Capabilities Integration And Development System: A...
The acquisition of the mine resistant ambush protected vehicle (MRAP) was the largest industrial
mobilization and the most significant example of urgent industrial cooperation on a massive scale
since World War II (Gansler, Lucyshyn, and Varettoni, 3). A review of the MRAP vehicle
procurement program provides interesting lessons learned and leads to questions about the
effectiveness of the process. The debate associated with the MRAP procurement program uses facts
and emotional arguments in an attempt to encourage continuation of the process for future similar
acquisition programs. During the period between 2003 and 2007, Improvised Explosive Devices
(IED) became the most deadly weapon, at one point, producing up to 80 percent of U.S. deaths ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Normally, before any new equipment can be purchased, the need must be proven and prioritized
(MRAPs, Irregular Warfare, and Pentagon Reform, 20). The Pentagon uses the Joint Capabilities
Integration and Development System (JCIDS) to determine requirements and only select projects
are important enough to be considered by the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC) and the
others are passed down to lower levels (Ibid.). JROC and JCIDS assist the Chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff counsel the Secretary of Defense on the military capabilities (Ibid.). The process of
determining requirements is laborious due to the number of compromises and concerns that need to
be considered before making a decision to spend billions of dollars. Key issues for consideration
include the importance of the requirement to mission success and determining the best resources
required to satisfy the need (Ibid.). Other considerations include impacts to training, tactics,
doctrine, organizations, leader development, personnel, and facilities (Ibid.). The requirements
process is purposely designed to be strenuous since its goal is to decrease waste and take full
advantage of benefits (Ibid.). The main point is that is not possible to acquire military equipment
without a validated requirement or without considering if other less costly solutions might address
the problem. Although the normal acquisition process focuses primarily on future requirements, it
does permit a review of urgent needs from field commanders (Ibid.). Finally, the normal acquisition
process requires a sequential phasing process characterized by developmental testing, operational
testing, production, integration, fielding, disposal and requirements refining (Dikici,

Movie Analysis : The Hurt Locker
War is a largely abstract concept to the average American. It is ubiquitous in news reports, political
debates and our culture, but not tangibly understandable. Aside from the small pockets of the
population that have experienced warfare, the jarringly focused and rigid representation of EOD
team leader Sergeant First Class William James in Katherine Bigelow's film The Hurt Locker (2008)
provides insight to a world that much of the audience will never experience. Although The Hurt
Locker would be regarded as a "realistic" film in form and content by modern standards, the
resulting product would not belong totally to "realist cinema" as defined by French theorist and film
ciritic Andre Bazin. Bigelow's directive approach to the film opposes the core of his writings with
the use close ups, obtrusive editing, and framing focus the viewer to specific objects and themes. It
is through specific sequences of The Hurt Locker that the realist style emerges, creating a powerful,
experiential moment for the audience to extract meaning. Through the use of deep focus and wide
shots with minimal editing, all prominent in Bazin's theories, specific scenes exemplify realist
cinema in this modern war–epic. The major film theorists of the early 20th Century primarily
focused on demonstrating film, a widely popular and novelty entertainment, as an art. These early
theorists fell into two respective categories: the formative and the realists. The former focused on
the formic elements like

The Improvised Explosive Device ( Ied ) Essay
Winston Churchill said, "You can always count on the Americans to do the right thing–after they
have tried everything else".1 Three years after field commanders requested Mine Resistant Ambush
Protected (MRAP) vehicles the Pentagon approved the request and asked Congress to pay the bill.2
The defeat of Saddam Hussein by Coalition Forces created a growing insurgency in Iraq from the
summer of 2003 through the surge of U.S. Forces in 2008. The improvised explosive device (IED),
the insurgent's choice weapon, was responsible for 50–80% of U.S. deaths from 2005 through
2008.3 A CNN poll conducted in March 2003 showed 72% of Americans supported the war in Iraq
and 3 years later only half that number, 36%, of Americans supported the war in Iraq.4 Public
support for the war diminished as deaths increased while U.S. Forces conducted non–kinetic
operations focused on rebuilding Iraq. Also during this time, Congress began to ask the Pentagon
why they could not defeat the IED threat.
Despite mounting Congressional pressure, the Pentagon was not prepared to procure MRAPs under
a normal acquisition process. Ultimately, Secretary Gates made the rapid acquisition of the MRAP
his number one priority.5 This essay will highlight three factors that made the MRAP acquisition
program different from a normal acquisition. First, Congress and Secretary Gates, called for
immediate MRAP procurement. Next, MRAP procurement was unexpected as the Pentagon planned
to be in and out of Iraq quickly.

Drone Warfare Research Paper
Drone Warfare Essay Sun Tzu said in his book "The Art of War", "The Supreme art of war is to
subdue an enemy without fighting" (Brainy Quote).This quote is taking about the drone dilemma,
and how he thinks you fight without getting your soldiers in trouble In conflict people can instantly
point out the faults done, like for example: the raiding and pillaging nations do in the name of
liberty, or the innocent people that get killed by drone strikes. The drone is a morally acceptable
machine because it saves soldiers' lives by taking them out of harm's way. It also gives a nation who
is fighting a war a tool to win the war, and liberate the nation their fighting in, and they even the
odds with the terrorists. Soldiers often get into harm's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How does the advancement of flying vehicles revolutionize the field of battle? The introduction of
flying vehicles has saved the lives of countless people from standing in straight lines on some
forgotten field and shooting each other, and everyone would be dead. A navy research was done and
concluded that, "During the Gulf War, American casualties totaled 382 in–theater deaths, of which
nearly 62 percent were due to either friendly fire or other accidents" (The San Diego Union–
Tribune).the website goes on to say, "However, during the current age of drones, only 21.5 percent
of casualties are classified as "non–hostile" (The San Diego Union–Tribune).|What these quotes are
saying is before drones there was a 62% chance you would be dead by friendly air support or other
assets, but now you have a 21.5% chance for getting shot by air support or other assets. Some
people however would say that drones kill more innocents than terrorists I counter with this little
fact of not just one but multiple studies saying statistics like, "the most accurate estimates by
scholars at the Brookings Institution, it appears that no more than one–in–seven to one–in–10 people
who have been killed in drone strikes to date have been civilians" (Wall Street Journal). One website
goes as far as to say that the number of civilians killed is, "a total of 67 innocent civilians" (The San
Diego Union–Tribune). See this "harming civilians" is a valid concern but it isn't happening like
crazy as some would be lead to believe, and along with this we are caring for our soldiers' lives.
Along with caring for our soldiers' lives we kind of have a responsibility to them for serving in the
place of

Reflection Paper On Drills
When I was assigned as the Assistant Convoy Commander, while deployed in Iraq, my duties were
comprised of giving the mission operations brief before convoys, after action reviews (AAR),
teaching battle drills, rollover drills, vehicle recovery, reaction to Improvised Explosive Device
(IED), reaction to small arms fire, and additional weapon maintenance. (11. BNOCC I and Phase II,
and ANOCC, and 5. Drill Sergeant School). In battle drills I taught the proper actions to take in
different situations for battle. Rollover drills class consisted of how to basically protect yourself as
the vehicle is rolling. This drill was practiced until it was second nature and consisted of bracing
techniques and how to extract yourself from the rolled vehicle. In vehicle recovery, my soldiers
learned how to do combat recovery of a vehicle in a hostile environment. (12. Combat Action Badge
and 14.Bronze Star Medal). Communication related to the reaction of the IED's include
communicating with those in the vehicle, to check for injuries. If there were injuries we formed a
perimeter, secured the area, and called for medical evacuation. If there were no injuries, we
established if the vehicle was okay to drive, checked with the others in the convoy for injuries and
disabled vehicles. My job was ensuring the safety of our people, and those we were transporting to
their destination. Our mission was to keep them out of harm's way, not to engage, but to keep
moving. We only stopped

Red Wire Monologue
"Say again, Control. Should I cut the red or the blue wire?" I wait, cutters poised in mid–air above
both. Status reports scroll through my eyeline, but I ignore them. Every previous time I've dealt with
an Improvised Explosive Device of this design, I've cut the red wire. The IEDs look simple – but
looks can be deceptive. The terrorists are getting trickier, making up for our superior equipment and
training with ever more inventive boobytraps. So doing what worked last time isn't necessarily a
good idea. A gust of wind comes out of the desert, hot and dry, and blows sand over the IED. I use
my airbrush to clear it off again. I've always been a stickler for a clean work surface, and that's even
truer now. In the midst of the silence, unbidden, the face of my wife, Samara, floats into my mind.
It's the same memory as always. *** ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I'm scared." "Don't be," I reassured her, gathering her into a hug. Her hair smelled of lilies. "I know
what I'm doing." "It's not just you I'm worried about," she said, pulling away a little and staring
intently into my eyes. "What about us –– me and the bump, I mean." She glanced down at her
growing waistline. "The insurgents get closer every day." I put on my game face. "Do you think I'd
go to work if I wasn't entirely happy about security? There's nothing to worry about, darling. The
base is safe. You and baby Belinda can sleep soundly till I get back." We hadn't actually agreed on a
name for our unborn daughter yet. But after my younger sister Belinda died in the food riots of '22,
I'd vowed to keep her memory alive if I got the chance. I hadn't convinced Samara yet – she thought
it mawkish –– but I was working on her. "Okay," Samara said. "As long as you're sure." She
balanced on tiptoes, I bent my knees, we met in the middle and I kissed her

Essay about Terrorism Against America
Terrorism is the use of violence and threats to intimidate or coerce, especially for political purposes.
Recently on September 11, 2001 a terrorist group calling themselves Al–Qadea, planned a
coordinated attack. Thus high jacking four planes which were targeted at what some people call the
heart of the United States, (Twin Towers, Pentagon, and another landed in PA). With this said we
call these people terrorists. So many people died on 9/11 not for their country but for oil. The
terrorist attack was motivated from the sheer dislike of the US being in the middle east using their
oil for our own personal gain. Osama Binladen and Saadam Hussein were the big power houses in
control of the political aspect and the terrorists. The United ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The seriousness of the situation that I had volunteered for happened a few days later going down the
boundless road to my new home Korean Village. Forever and a day it seemed liked we were driving
then we hit an IED (Improvised Explosive Device). Everyone's initial reactions were that they
couldn't believe that this could be happening. Even though we knew where we were and the endless
possibilities of what could happen, everyone was stunned even for slight second until our training
kicked in. Reluctantly we had no casualties and minimal injuries. United States troops are there to
fight and die for our country, but how many innocent people who did not take the oath to defend
these states from all foreign and domestic enemies have died unnecessarily? The real number of
guiltless people killed may never be identified. Eight years later after Al–Qadea's introductory attack
there are still US soldiers dieing every week. I had a chance to work and train some Iraqi military
and police. Majority of America is oblivious to Iraq's and Afghanistan's culture. To my own great
amazement they are congruent to a lot of things we do and say. They insist on calling us the
terrorists because we were in the country first getting natural resources, which they weren't fond of.
The government was living quite comfortable while others in the country were living in poverty.

Power Of Artificial Intelligence
The power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is growing at an alarmingly dangerous rate and has the
potential to take over the world if we do not come together as a whole and put regulations on the
usage of it. Artificial Intelligence is defined as "The capability of a machine to imitate intelligent
human behavior" (Merriam–Webster). As we know Artificial intelligence now, it is fairly simple for
the uses that we have for it, such as SIRI on Apple devices, AI controlled video game opponents,
and Google's search algorithms predicting what you are going to type into its search bar. That is only
the beginning of Artificial Intelligence's many capabilities. Global militaries are researching and
developing technology for war that uses AI, car manufacturers are teaching AI how to drive cars by
itself, IBM uses its AI creation "Watson" to help businesses make decisions and grow, and thousands
of other major companies and powerful nations are using it in many unique ways. It contains many
different unique parts, but the main uses are: Learning, Reasoning, Perception, Reasoning, Problem
solving, and using Natural Language (Copeland 2017). We need to regulate or eliminate the use of
AI in war around the globe, stabilize the economy after implementation of AI, and reduce or
eliminate the inequality caused by it. AI controlled killing machines used in warfare, sounds cool,
right? They might sound like quite the sight to see, but what happens when they become smart
enough and decide to turn against the people who created them and are using them for their own
gain? How do we stop them? That is one question that many people have, but none seemed to know
the answer. What are the ethics behind using robots to kill people? For example, is it not just as bad
as a government that has chemical weapons, that uses them against people that do not? None of the
government's forces are harmed, yet thousands of people are harmed and killed from the weapons,
and it only takes one fighter jet and pilot to drop the bomb. It is the same with the AI controlled
robots, they could be deployed halfway across the world, yet be controlled by someone on the
complete other side of earth, without any threat of danger or harm. We need regulations like

Incident Command System Analysis
The utilization of the Incident Command System (ICS) in the United States may at first glance
appear to be an overwhelming, and complicated system of hazard management. On the contrary, for
most responders with military, law enforcement, or fire service background, ICS closely conforms to
the principles of command structure with which they are familiar. Applying strict command
structure, along with standardized response training leads to higher probabilities of successful
outcomes in the face of the most chaotic emergencies. Large–scale emergency responses like 9/11
are repeatedly critiqued, often from afar, sometimes correctly, but sometimes unfairly. Responders
on the ground make immediate life–altering decisions based on instinct, or perform ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Training of individual responders in the use of PPE, hazardous material recognition, shielding
tactics, or establishing an immediate perimeter can often increase survivability and mission success.
The use of "two–man tactics" to offensively isolate a terrorist, instead of waiting for a larger tactical
unit response can be effective in limiting the scope of violent attacks. The use of technologies
including: video surveillance, explosive detection, infrared viewing, thermal imaging, drones, and
robotics are examples of advantageous equipment that when used correctly can positively alter
response ability. The use of "cross training" of responder disciplines, such as police receiving fire or
ems training will lead to more capabilities and understanding by those first on scene.
"Approximately half of individuals that work in law enforcement, fire, rescue, emergency medical,
and related fields hold a second job in a similar emergency response agency" (Newman, and Clark,
2008). Every possible advantage should be examined as first responders prepare for handling a
terrorist situation, especially if the initial immediate response is limited in scope. First on scene
personnel must also survive an attack themselves so that they may be able to aid

Made In Iraq Character Analysis
In the short story Made in Iraq, by James Greer's, is a good example of the things soldiers faced
every day in Iraq. The level of responsibility for a commander can be scarring and life changing to
an individual and Greer gives a first point of view. Greer was motivated to write this story cause of
his experiences that he face and in this story there is well placed pathos. James Greer, who is the
author of Made in Iraq is a commander of a squad of vehicles in Iraq. Greer wrote this short story to
bring attention to the threats that he faced and the threats that basically every other soldier faced on
a daily basis. Greer experienced the greatest fear, death. Greer said, "It went on like this for the next
seven months"(Greer 4). Greer is talking about the constant threat of imminent death at all times
when out on patrols and missions. The extremely stressful part was him knowing that he had fathers,
husbands, brothers, wives, mothers, and sisters under his supervision. Every day he was in charge of
their lives and the decisions he made could affect the soldiers' families in ways they could never
have thought. The level of stress that was put on Greer's shoulders to keep his squad alive every day
is a reason why Greer might have written this short story. This type of stress can lead to PTSD, post
traumatic stress disorder. Greer also might have written this short story to help with some type of
stress he has. PTSD is a huge problem today. Soldiers are coming home from

Drones In The Middle East
Another significant reason for the use of drones in the Middle East is because they have proven to
be an invaluable way to keep our ground troops safe. According to Oestergaard, the MQ–1B
Predator drone has a range of 777 miles and a maximum flight time of 40 hours while carrying two
Hellfire missiles. The MQ–9A Reaper drone has a range of 1,151 miles and a maximum flight time
of 30 hours. When it has a full payload of four Hellfire missiles and two laser guided bombs it has a
maximum flight time of fourteen hours (Oestergaard 5–6). The lengthy flight time and catastrophic
payload is a lifeline for our troops on the ground. These drones can be used for both surveillance and
direct contact situations. For example, if a special forces team ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Scott Shane quotes Micah Zenko in his article when he says "... a total of eight Americans have been
killed in drone strikes. Of those, only one, the American cleric Anwar al–Awlaki, who joined Al
Qaeda in Yemen and was killed in 2011, was identified and deliberately targeted" (Shane, Zenko 3).
Shane is correct when he says that drones should not target Americans, but he fails to mention why
they were targeted. These eight Americans were killed because, they were engaged in hostile
activity towards the United States. Awlaki was a part of Al Qaeda and was actively plotting to take
down the United States. The other seven Americans were not innocent, these people were killed in
the blast of drone strikes that were targeting enemy combatants. They were not hostages, but they
were still in the immediate vicinity of they hostiles. The other seven were just like Awlaki, they were
there to join one of the terrorist groups we are at war with. That is the only way that those citizens
were that close to those enemies. The second argument against the use of drones is that drone pilots
are at risk of developing psychological disorders. Lindsay Warrior, the author of "Drones and
Targeted Killing", says that "[m]uch of the discussion surrounding drones emphasizes the fact that
their use reduces the risk of U.S.

Meditation Therapy For Depression
In today's society it isn't uncommon for most people to know someone who has been diagnosed with
depression or been diagnosed personally. Over time it has been proven that depression isn't just 'a
way of thinking or a weakness in ones character. It has been linked not only to genetics but also
chemical imbalances that occur within the brain. Based upon the severity of the depression it can
have a significant impact on a person's ability to function and their overall quality of life. There are
many treatments currently available for depression. Most of these treatments are in the form of
medications that work by inhibiting the reuptake of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine,
and norepinephrine from within the synapses of the brain. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Many of the soldiers who deployed to those areas were subjected to very dangerous and high stress
environments. These soldiers were exposed to numerous horrors such as fighting for their lives,
seeing comrades killed in action, working long shifts in a hundred pounds of gear, working in one
hundred plus degree heat, sleeping on pins and needles from the fear of attack, and driving scared to
death that the road they were on contained an improvised explosive device (IED). These living
conditions and experiences perpetuated a significant rise in PTSD diagnoses in veterans.
Mindfulness meditation has been increasingly accepted among the veteran population due to its
affordability, ease of learning, and positive results. The results from their largest random controlled
trial (RCT) compared adjunctive MBSR and present centered group psychotherapy in veterans with
PTSD. The participants in this study showed a marked improvement of depressive symptoms,
quality of life, and overall mindfulness. The trial was sustained for nine weeks and was monitored
for two months following the initial intervention. By utilizing this scale and a few others the team
was able to more accurately discern the changes that happened from the beginning to the end of the

To Catch A Bombmaker Analysis
Dillow's focus on bomb making falls short of the mark
Clay Dillow's October 2015 article in Popular Science "To Catch a Bombmaker" explores how FBI
forensic skills have been developed since 2003 to benefit United States forces fighting bomb making
foreign insurgents. Dillow tells the story of how a small lab at the Marine Corps Base at Quantico
has used FBI analytical data to link more than 2,700 suspects to possible terrorist activities, adding
more than 350 people to the terrorist watch list. Dillow's purpose was to reveal how detective skills
have evolved to address a growing number of homemade bombs threats to the United States. While
the article examines many one case in which insurgents are nabbed, information is not shared on
how forensic data alone may not be enough to tell a more balanced story about bomb makers.
Dillow writes an article of how one bomber is stopped, but the narrative falls short of offering a
deeper account of how effective our efforts have been to stop terrorists in their tracks.
Still overall, Dillow's article ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
has used forensics to demonstrate how the government has made progress with "connecting the
dots" in finding and stopping a bomb making terrorist–– an example that took millions of dollars
and man hours to catch one man and send him to jail for 40 years. The story "To Catch a
Bombmaker" is sketchy even though the author seems to have a surplus of facts and dates to share
with his readers. Dillow's article fails to bring an in–depth understanding of what catching a bomber
is about. He omits major pieces of the story while focusing on well–known cops and robbers
techniques featured on popular television shows. While at certain points Dillow's story is
compelling, the article looks at off–the–shelf forensic but lacks the insight to shed light on the
human drama and so the real driving force beneath Dillow's facts and figures require unexplored and
unexplained in this

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