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1. Behavioral Learning
Theories and Its
Educational
Implications on:
Connectionism
REYCHEL O. GAMBOA
EDUC 108

2. Behaviorism Theory
of Learning
“Teachers must learn how
to teach ... they need only
to be taught more effective
ways of teaching.” -B. F.
Skinner
By: Brittaney

3. Behaviorism
Behaviorism assumes that a learner is essentially passive, responding to
environmental stimuli.
Reinforcement, positive or negative, increases the possibility of an event happening
again.
Punishment, both positive and negative, decreases the possibility of an event
happening again.
Positive reinforcement is the application of a stimulus.
Negative reinforcement is the withdrawal of a stimulus.
Behaviorism is a precursor to cognitive learning.

4. Important
People in
Behaviorism
Ivan Pavlov- Did the experiment with the
dogs. Came up with the theory of classical
conditioning.
• B.F. Skinner- Developed the theory of
operant conditioning. Operant Conditioning
is the use of consequences to modify the
occurrence and form of behavior.
John B. Watson- The “Little Albert”
experiment. He gets credit for establishing
the psychological school of behaviorism.

5. Pavlov’s Dog Experiment
• Ivan Pavlov did a famous experiment that demonstrates
the theory of classical conditioning (or respondent
conditioning).
• - Every time Pavlov would bring put out the dogs’ food he
would ring a bell.
• - After doing this for a certain period of time, Pavlov would
ring the bell without presenting food. The dogs would
salivate just from the sound of the bell.
• - The connection the dogs made between the bell ringing
and the food, caused the dogs to associate the two, so
they responded to the bell even without the presence of
the food.

6. Important B.F. Skinner
Theories
• Schedules of
reinforcement- Continuous,
interval, and ration. These
theories are used often in
daily life with everything
from parenting to schooling
to work life.
• Operant Conditioning- the
use of consequences to
modify the occurrence or
form of behavior. Differs
from classical conditioning
in that it deals with
voluntary behavior.

7. What teachers
do under this
theory
• Give the learner
immediate feedback.
• Break down the task
into small steps
• Repeat the directions
as many times as
possible
• Work from the most
simple to the most
complex tasks • Give
positive reinforcement
• Skinner believed that
positive reinforcement
is more effective in
changing behavior then
punishment.
• All of these are to be
adjusted to be age
appropriate

8. What students do
under this theory
• Respond to reinforcement
• Pace themselves in an
assignment to work from the most
basic to the more complicated
concepts
• Ask questions for more clarity in
directions
• Ask for feedback

9. We do things only for rewards and not for
punishment…
• Rewards
• stickers
• Grades
• Points
• Money
• Social status

10. Behavioral
Theory
and
Teaching
Teacher use
reinforcement to
encourage students to do
their best work and to
encourage improvement.
• Teacher avoid
punishment, unless
absolutely neccesary.
• Teacher can clearly
explain expectations and
have clear printed out
and verbally explained
directions to
assignments.
• Teachers will always be
positive and let students
know that they can do it,
and can do it well.

11. EDWARD LEE
THORNDIKE (1874-1949)
- American Psychologist
-Pioneer in Comparative
Psychology
-Ph. D ( Columbia U-1898)
-“Animal Intelligence: An
Experimental Study of the
Associative Processes in Animals”

12. More about
Edward
Thorndike
He was the psychologist who first
proposed that connectionism is key to
learning.
He was popular in the first half of the
20th century, was the first educational
psychologist.
He was the first person to bring
together what psychologists had
studied about how the human mind
works and what educators knew about
how to teach.

13. “experimental
approach is the only
way to understand
learning”

14. CONNECTIONISM THEORY
- states that all learning is
the product of creating a
stimulus-response bond.

15. Touching a
hot kettle

17. Garbage
bad smell

19. Touching
makahiya
leaves

21. A stimulus is something
that causes a reaction.
A response is just a
reaction to a stimulus.

22. ADDITIONAL
LAWS
AND
PRINCIPLES
OF
THORNDIKE'S
LEARNING
THEORY

27. PRINCIPLES
A. WHEN SOMEONE IS
READY TO PERFORM
SOME ACT, TO DO SO IS
SATISFYING. N
B. WHEN SOMEONE IS
READY TO PERFORM
SOME ACT, NOT TO DO SO
IS ANNOYING.
C. WHEN SOMEONE IS
NOT READY TO PERFORM
SOME ACT AND IS
FORCED TO DO SO, IT IS
ANNOYING.

28. ONE MUST;
PHYSICALLY
EMOTIONALY
MENTALY
PHYSCHOLOGICALY
PREPARED

31. Principle
Practice makes
perfect, not
UNLESS the
task is taught
correctly.

32. Revision:
• Practice without feedback
does not necessarily mean
enhance performance
• Practice alone is not
enough for improvement.

36. IMPLICATIONS
1.)According to this theory the task can be started from the
easier aspect towards its difficult side. This approach will benefit
the weaker and backward children.
2) A small child learns some skills through trial and error method
only such as sitting, standing, walking, running etc. In teaching
also the child rectifies the writing after committing mistakes.
3) In this theory more emphasis has been laid on motivation.
Thus, before starting teaching in the the students should be
properly motivated.

37. 4. Practice leads a man towards maturity. Practice is the main
feature oftrial and error method. Practice helps in reducing the
errors committed by the child in learning any concept.
5. Habits are formed as a result of repetition. With the help of
this theory the wrong habits of the children can be modified and
the good habits strengthened.
6. The effects of rewards and punishment also affect the
learning of the child. Thus, the theory lays emphasis on the use
of reward and punishment in the class by the teacher.

38. 7. The theory may be found quite helpful in changing the behavior of the
delinquent children. The teacher should cure such children making use of
this theory. 8. With the help of this theory the teacher can control the
negative emotions of the children such as anger, jealousy etc.
9. The teacher can improve his teaching methods making use of this theory.
He must observe the effects of his teaching methods on the students and
should not hesitate to make necessary changes in them, if required.
10. The theory pays more emphasis on oral drill work. Thus, a teacher
should conduct oral drill of the taught contents. This help in strengthening
the learning more.