These slides includes types of operating system with the details of their working.

1. Unit -1
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
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2. Types of Operating System
Operating Systems
• The operating system is the most important program that
runs on a computer.
• Operating system is an interface between computer and
user.
• It is responsible for the management and coordination of
activities and the sharing of the resources of the computer.
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3. Types of Operating System
Types
of OS
Serial
Processing
Batch
Processing
Time
Sharing
Real Time
Multi user
multitask
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4. Types of Operating System
1) Serial Processing:
◦ The Serial Processing Operating Systems are those which Performs all the
instructions into a Sequence Manner or the Instructions those are given by the user
will be executed by using the FIFO Manner means First in First Out.
◦ In this the Program Counter will determines which instruction is going to Execute and
the which instruction will be Execute after this.
◦ Mainly the Punch Cards are used for this. In this all the Jobs are firstly Prepared and
Stored on the Card and after that card will be entered in the System and after that all
the Instructions will be executed one by One.
◦ But the Main Problem is that a user doesn’t interact with the System while he is
working on the System, means the user can’t be able to enter the data for Execution.
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5. Continue…
2. Batch Operating System
This type of operating system does not interact with the computer directly. There is an operator
which takes similar jobs having same requirement and group them into batches. It is the
responsibility of operator to sort the jobs with similar needs.
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6. Continue…
Advantages of Batch Operating System:
It is very difficult to guess or know the time required by any job to
complete. Processors of the batch systems know how long the job
would be when it is in queue
Multiple users can share the batch systems
The idle time for batch system is very less
It is easy to manage large work repeatedly in batch systems
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7. Continue…
Disadvantages of Batch Operating System:
The computer operators should be well known with batch systems
Batch systems are hard to debug
It is sometime costly
The other jobs will have to wait for an unknown time if any job fails
Examples of Batch based Operating System: Payroll System, Bank
Statements etc.
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8. Continue…
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Time-Sharing Operating Systems
Each task is given some time to execute, so that all the tasks work
smoothly. Each user gets time of CPU as they use single system.
These systems are also known as Multitasking Systems. The task can
be from single user or from different users also. The time that each
task gets to execute is called quantum. After this time interval is over
OS switches over to next task.

9. Continue…
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10. Types of Operating System
Advantages of Time-Sharing OS:
◦ Each task gets an equal opportunity
◦ Less chances of duplication of software
◦ CPU idle time can be reduced
Disadvantages of Time-Sharing OS:
◦ Reliability problem
◦ One must have to take care of security and integrity of user programs and
data
◦ Data communication problem
Examples of Time-Sharing OSs are: Multics, Unix etc.
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11. Types of Operating System
4. Real-Time Operating System –
These types of OSs serves the real-time systems. The time interval
required to process and respond to inputs is very small. This time interval
is called response time.
Real-time systems are used when there are time requirements are very
strict like missile systems, air traffic control systems, robots etc.
Two types of Real-Time Operating System which are as follows:
◦ Hard Real-Time Systems
◦ Soft Real-Time Systems
E.g. - Scientific experiments, medical imaging systems, industrial
control systems, weapon systems, robots, air traffic control systems,
etc.
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12. Types of Operating System
Advantages of RTOS:
◦ Maximum Consumption
◦ Task Shifting
◦ Focus on Application
◦ Real time operating system in embedded system
◦ Error Free
◦ Memory Allocation
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13. Types of Operating System
Disadvantages of RTOS:
◦ Limited Tasks
◦ Use heavy system resources
◦ Complex Algorithms
◦ Device driver and interrupt signals
◦ Thread Priority
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14. Types of Operating System
Multi-User and Multi-Tasking/ Network Operating System
◦ These systems run on a server and provide the capability to
manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other
networking functions.
◦ These type of operating systems allow shared access of files,
printers, security, applications, and other networking functions
over a small private network.
◦ One more important aspect of Network Operating Systems is that
all the users are well aware of the underlying configuration, of all
other users within the network, their individual connections etc.
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16. Types of Operating System
Advantages
◦ Highly stable centralized servers
◦ Security concerns are handled through servers
◦ New technologies and hardware up-gradation are easily integrated to the
system
◦ Server access are possible remotely from different locations and types of
systems
Disadvantages
◦ Servers are costly
◦ User has to depend on central location for most operations
◦ Maintenance and updates are required regularly
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17. References
1. Operating System Concept ninth Edition by Abraham Silberschatz and Galvin
2. https://electricalfundablog.com/operating-system-os-functions-types-resource-management/
3. http://ecomputernotes.com/fundamental/disk-operating-system/types-of-operating-system
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