4. 1.Auxins:
• indicates "promotes elongation by coleoptile
tissue".
• two types- Natural and Synthetic
• Natural- IAA,IAN,PAA.
• Synthetic-IBA,NOA,NAA,NAD,2,4,D
• FUNCTIONS
• Internode elongation
• leaf growth
• initiation of vascular tissue
5. • Cambial activity
• fruit setting in absence of path
• fruit growth
• apical dominance
• Inhibition of root growth and lateral buds
• leaf abscission
• APPLICATIONS
• IBA+NAA --Rooting in cuttings
• IBA--Induce rooting in cuttings (cinchona,pinus,
papaya, coffee)
6. • derivatives of NAA--Increases 40% of volatile oil in
mentha piperata
• NOA-- Fruit setting spray
• 2,4-D at high concentration-- weed Killers
GIBBERLINS:
• endogenous type
• more than 50 in number
• 40 in Green plants
• 10 in fungi
7. • present in roots, shhots, leaves, fruits apics ,
callus etc.
• FUNCTIONS:
• More in medicinal plants
• flower initiation
• promotes vegetative and fruit growth
• induction of parthenocarpy
• breaking dormancy
• Gibberellins are produced from fungus on Rice
plant according to kurasawa.
8. • Gibberellins are compounds having hibbane
skeleton and biological activity in stimulating cell
division or cell elongation or both according to
paleg
• GA is a mixture of GA1, GA2, GA3, GA4, GA7,
GA9 according to research on Japan, USA, Britain.
• GA3 is called as Gibberlic acid
• GA are derivatives of Gibbane ring
• Ga is present in gymnosperms, angiosperms,
ferns, fungi, algae and bacteria
9. • Increases cell size
• APPLICATIONS:
• Increases digitalis and glycosides
• hormone on digitalis leaf and roots produce
digoxin
• senna have positive effect on dry weighr of
shoot and decreases sennosides in leaves
• increases height of castor but same in oil
content
10. • decreases alkaloids in vinca, datura
• indyce activity of gluconeogenic enzymes during
seed germination for convention of lipids into
sucrose for embryonic development
CYTOKININS:
types natural (zeatin) helps in cell division anf
leaf senensence
synthetic (kinwtin) helps in increase in lateral
buds and decrease senensence
11. kinetin is produced from autoclaved herrinf sperm
DNA by miller which causes cell division in
tobacco
FUNCTION:
Increase cell division
development of embryo during seed development
expansion of cell in leaf discs and cotyledons
Delay in bark of chlorophyll in aging leaves
12. APPLICATION:
In senna, increase sennosides , increase dry weight
of shot
In opium, formation of elongated capsule, decrease
alkaloids
In dubosia, increase in hyocyane and lead content
kinetin, nucleac acid metabolism, protein synthesis
ETHYLENE:
Present in ripening fruits, flowers, stems, roots,
tubers,and seeds about o.1 ppm
13. produced by incomplete burning of c-rich
substance like natural gas, cosl, petroleum
According to denny, lemons become yellow due
to stored gas
ethylene produced from ripe Apples also ripes
green apples according to gane
FUNCTION:
Leaf ripening, induction of fruit absession
leaf abs ission, bending
stem swelling
flower petals discoloration
inhibition of stem and root growth
14. promotion of flowering
breaking dormancy
stimulation of latex flow in rubber trees
ABA
ABA increases in stress conditions (injury,
drought, flooding, and mineral deficiency).
seed dormancy
acts as potential anti transpirant by closing
stomata when applied to leaves
morphactins inhibit auxin Transport causing
reducing of apical dominance and promotes
lateral growth.