4. Class discussion. Look read and answer.
0
ROMANS GAVE US:
- Latin.
- Roman laws.
- They founded a lot of European cities.
- Aqueducts, roads, theatres, amphitheatres…
5. Class discussion. Look read and answer.
0
Italica, Santiponce (Seville)
Italica, Santiponce (Seville)
Roman bridge, Carmona (Seville)
8. In the 3rd century Romans suffered an invasion of Germanic tribes and one
of these tribes were the Visigoths.
The Visigoths were very strong, so they conquered the other Germanic
tribes and settled in the Iberian Peninsula.
They founded a powerful kingdom in 476. Its capital was Toledo.
Act out. Read cooperatively and prepare a short play in
groups about the Visigoth invasion.
1
9. Visigoths adopted a lot of things from Romans:
- Latin
- Roman laws
- They converted to Christianity (now it was the official
religion)
Visigoths gave us:
- Horseshoe arch
Individual activity. Read and draw in your notebook a Visigoth
horseshoe arch with the things that Visigoths adopted from Romans.
1
14. Muslims from northern Africa took only 7 years to conquer most of the
Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands.
Muslims called this territory Al-Andalus and made Córdoba the capital city.
Class discussion. Read and discuss. What do you think Muslims
changed in the Iberian Peninsula?
2
15. At first, Córdoba was a dependent emirate ruled from Damascus.
But in 756, the Emirate of Córdoba was independent and was ruled by an
emir.
Class discussion. Read and discuss. What do you think Muslims
changed in the Iberian Peninsula?
2
16. Class discussion. Read and discuss. What do you think Muslims
changed in the Iberian Peninsula?
2
I am the emir and
this is my emirate.
17. In the 10th century, the Caliphate of Córdoba was established and it was
ruled by the Caliph Abd-ar-Rahman III. This was a period of great cultural
growth.
In the 11th century, Al-Andalus was divided into small kingdoms called taifas.
The taifas fought each other continuously.
Christian Kingdoms took advantage of the division between the taifas.
1-2-group. Read and write 4 questions to Abd-ar-Rahman III.
2
18. 1-2-group. Read and write 4 questions to Abd-ar-Rahman III.
2
I am Abd-ar-Rahman III.
I descend from Mohammed,
the Islamic prophet.
19. Now the taifas are
fighting. So I will
conquer Al-Andalus.
2
20. Drama. Read and write a short dialogue among Muslims,
Christians and Jews. Later, act it out.
2
In Al-Andalus, there
were:
MUSLIMS
- They were the most
powerful group.
- They practised Islam and
prayed in mosques.
- They held positions in the
government.
- They had the best land.
- Arabic was the official
language.
CHRISTIANS AND JEWS
- They paid a tax to the Muslim emir or caliph.
- They were very important in society and culture.
21. In Al-Andalus people lived in the countryside (a lot of people) and in cities
(not a lot of people).
Rotatory sheet technique. Read and draw a picture of a typical Al-
Andalus countryside or city in your notebook. Rotate your notebook.
2
CITIES
- Cities were protected by walls.
- Cities had narrow streets.
- An Alcázar protected the city.
- Inside the walls there were
mosques, public baths, libraries,
hospitals and souqs (markets).
COUNTRYSIDE
- Muslims introduced new crops: artichokes,
aubergines and rice.
- Muslims introduced water wheels and
irrigation ditches.
22. Muslims gave us:
• Knowledge about medicine.
• Knowledge about astronomy.
• Knowledge about philosophy.
• Knowledge about botany.
• Knowledge about mathematics.
• Knowledge about geography.
• Contribution to gastronomy.
• Contribution to architecture.
• Contribution to culture.
• A lot of Arabic words.
The golden sentence. Read cooperatively and write a
sentence to sum up all the Muslin influences.
2
23.
24. Christians in the north of the Iberian Peninsula were organized into kingdoms.
They fought against the Muslims for 7 centuries!
They unified into four large kingdoms:
The Crown of Castilla
The Crown of Aragón
The Kingdom of Portugal
The Kingdom of Navarra
All for one and one for all. Read and answer.
3
a. How were the Christian
kingdoms organized?
b. How long did Christians
fight against Muslims?
c. Which kingdom conquered
the largest area?
25. In 1469, the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs, Isabel I of Castilla and
Fernando II of Aragón, united both crowns.
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________.
Dictation. Read and discuss. Later, write a dictation to know
the end of the Reconquest.
3
Isabel I of Castilla Fernando II of Aragón
This period was the
Reconquest.
26. Society in the Christian Kingdoms was
organized into 3 social groups:
Numbered heads together. Read about the society in the
Christian Kingdoms. Then, in groups, write what you can see through this
magic peephole.
3
Kings
Noblemen
and
clergy
Peasants
and
craftsmen
Most of the population were peasants and
worked the land.
The majority were serfs, so they served a
nobleman cultivating the nobleman’s land
and giving some of the crops to him.
The clergy included bishops and
monks (they lived in monasteries).
They did religious and cultural
activities.
The king gave land to the noblemen and
they protected the king and the land.
Noblemen lived in castles.
27. Numbered heads together. Read about the society in the
Christian Kingdoms. Then, in groups, write what you can see through this
magic peephole.
3
28. A little bit of this, a little bit of that. Read this information
during one minute, close your booklet and share what you have learnt
with your groupmates. Later, the speaker will tell the teacher as much
information as possible.
3
In the Middle Ages, most
of the population were
peasants. They lived in small
villages. But as a result of the
growth in trade, cities grew
bigger and bigger.
Medieval cities had a
castle, a cathedral or church,
a city hall, palaces and a
market.
Cities were organized into
neighbourhoods or districts.
They were surrounding by
walls and gates were closed
at night.
Many people were craftsmen: carpenters, weavers
and goldsmiths.
Other people were merchants: they traded products
in the markets and trading fairs.
Thanks to trade, cities made a lot of money and
people built palaces, cathedrals and universities.
29.
30. In the Middle Ages we have examples of Al-Andalus, Romanesque
and Gothic architecture.
Class discussion. Read and answer. What are the differences
among Al-Andalus, Romanesque and Gothic architecture.
4
Al-Andalus
Romanesque
Gothic
31. 1-2-group. Think and complete the table with the
information below.
4
AL-ANDALUS
ARCHITECTURE
ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE
GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE
Beautiful buildings Buildings with no light Buildings with a lot of light
Carvings and tiles Thick and solid walls Tall buildings with ribbed
ceilings and pointed towers
Horseshoe arches, round
arches, pointed arches,
domes and courtyards
with fountains and pools
Rounded arches and
frescoes of religious life
Pointed arches and stained
glass windows
All the Middle Ages 10th, 11th and 12th centuries 13th and 14th centuries
Beautiful buildings - Beautiful buildings - Buildings with a lot of light - Tall buildings
with ribbed ceilings and pointed towers - Thick and solid walls - Carvings and tiles -
Horseshoe arches, round arches, pointed arches, domes and courtyards with
fountains and pools - Rounded arches and frescoes of religious life - Pointed arches
and stained glass windows - 10th, 11th and 12th centuries - All the Middle Ages - 13th
and 14th centuries
32. Thinking twins. Think and tell your partner which building is an Al-
Andalus, Romanesque and Gothic building. Tell him/her why!
4
Santa María de la Asunción
Church, Carmona (Seville)
House near the San Fernando
Square, Carmona (Seville)
San Martín de Frómista (Palencia)
33. Work in pairs. Complete the unit timeline.
____ – The Catholic Monarchs conquered _______
and _______________ discovered __________.
___ – The Emirate of _________ became
independent from ___________.
_____ – Marriage of __________________.
__th century – The Caliphate was divided
into ______. They were fighting all the time.
__th century – The Emirate is transformed
into a _________ with _______________.
218
B.C.
Year _
ROMANS VISIGOTHS AL-ANDALUS
___
___
_________________
