Radical Changes On The Views Of Buddhism

Radical Changes On The Views Of Buddhism
Radical Changes on the Views of Buddhism in One Century As time progresses, our views and perspective on certain topics may start to change, in
order to adapt to our dynamic society. An example of this change, is the different ways Buddha has been portrayed over the generations. As society
progressed and developed, our views on Buddhism started to alter as well, in order to be more appealing to the general public. From the original
belief in India, where the main objective of Buddhism was to achieve nirvana, and break free from cycle of samsara into nothingness; to a new belief
that said that, after breaking free from samsara, one then enters a paradise instead of just non existences. This change in religious beliefs is prominent
in the comparison of the two Buddha heads; one from Thailand during the 18th century (Buddha head A) and one from either Cambodia or Thailand
during the 17th century (Buddha head B). Although the two Buddha heads came from the same area and virtually the same time period, their radical
differences in iconography and style, allude to the drastic changes in Buddhist beliefs.
Through trading on the Silk Road, the ideas and beliefs of Buddhism were spread throughout Asia, eventually reaching Thailand. We can see an
example of this through the iconography and style that Buddha head A possess when compared to earlier Buddha heads from Gandhara and Mathura.
For an example, Buddha head A has snail shaped curly hair which covers the top of his head, and
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Feminism Types and Definitions Liberal
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Feminism Types and Definitions: Liberal, Socialist, Culture & Radical / Sex and Gender in Society /Sociology 101: Intro to
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Feminism Types and Definitions: Liberal, Socialist,
Culture & Radical

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Race and Ethnicity Definitions: Social
Minority vs. Social Majority
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This lesson first provides a general definition of feminism.
Then, four specific types of feminism are discussed and defined, including liberal feminism, socialist ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Radical feminists note that this traditional dichotomy maintains men as economically in power over women, and therefore, the traditional family
structure should be rejected.
Foreign Language
History
Humanities
Socialist Feminism
Math
Science
Radical feminism is the most extreme form. The second type of feminism, called socialist
Social Science
feminism, is slightly less extreme but still calls for major social change. Socialist feminism is a movement that calls for an end to capitalism

High School Courses
through a socialist reformation of our economy.
Basically, socialist feminism argues that capitalism
AP
strengthens and supports the sexist status quo because men are the ones who currently have
Socialist feminism calls for an end to capitalism
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power and money. Those men are more willing to share their power and money with other men, which
GED
means that women are continually given fewer opportunities and resources. This keeps women under the
High School
control of men.
In short, socialist feminism focuses on economics and politics. They might point out the fact that in the
United States women are typically paid only $0.70 for the exact same job that a man would be paid a
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dollar for. Why are women paid less than men for the same work? Socialist feminists point out that this difference is based on a capitalist system.

Cameron's Speech On The 2011 Riots
In his speech on the riots, Cameron discounted social conditions such as poverty and unemployment as reasons for the 2011 riots, and focussed instead
on criminality and morality '(Andrews, G. 2014). This essay will compare and contrast this conservative view of the riots with the radical view. A riot
is an occasion involving violence directed at property, persons or authority. The current understanding of the termriot dates back to the fourteenth
century, when it began to suggest violence and disorder among the population. By the eighteenth–century violence and disorder was on the rise in
England, which resulted in Parliament passing the Riot Act of 1715. Conservatism is characterised for their resistant to change, although when it is
necessary, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The discussion on BBC News night highlighted the differences in the conservative and radical views on the riots. Ian Kinsella described his concern at
how the rioters would be controlled going forward. He described how he pleaded with the rioters to stop, however was chased off and told 'You're
insured mate, you'll be ok!'. Opposite Ian Kinsella was Cody Lachey, a proud mancunion who admitted to dressing inconspicuously to partake in
the looting. Cody Lachey had a change of heart and although he fully supported the looters, he decided against looting. Kirsty the BBC news
reporter pointed out that Cody Lachey had served in the military overseas in Afghanistan and Bosnia, he also worked as a security guard for large
retailers, she questioned why he doesn't turn the looters in? Cody's response 'Because I understand...We live in an impoverished society where
people do what they have to do to feed their families, and that's the life we're living.'' (The Open University, 2017). Cody's response is one shared
with a high percentage of the rioters, they blamed the crushing effect of poverty, parents who have to work two or three jobs to make ends meet,
parents who have no time for their children, no childcare, increase intuition fees, closure of youth services and scrapping of education maintenance
and lack of respect from the police. It is believed 59% of those arrested for rioting were unemployed and conceded their involvement in looting was
simply down to opportunism, saying that a perceived suspension of normal rules presented them with the opportunity to acquire goods and luxury
items they could not ordinarily afford. (Rusbridger, A. 2017). Martin Luther King once defined rioting as the language of the unheard. This was a
radical's view expressed by a youth worker shortly after the 2011

Greenpeace And Earth First !: The Radical Environmental...
Summary: For almost 50 years radical environmentalists have banded together using a variety of different tactics to destroy and vandalize the private
property of individuals and corporations that encroach on the natural environment. From monkey–wrenching to arson, these eco–warriors will do
almost anything to protect mother earth from greedy individuals. However, many failed attempts and a negative stigma from the general public show
that although their intentions are good, the actions are immoral and disadvantageous to the modern environmental movement.
Background: The radical environmental movement started in the 1970s with two groups, Greenpeace and Earth First! as major influences.
Greenpeace formed to address the issue of whaling and nuclear testing, they took matters into their own hands by directly addressing the issues on the
front line. Earth First! started a few years later in 1979, This organization pioneered the use of publicity stunts and vandalism to display their concern
on environmental issues. Using sabotage for an ecologic reason is referred to as eco–tage, and has inspired other groups to do the same, often targeting
logging, and development projects.
A more extreme party emerged in the late 1980s known as the Earth Liberation Front. ELF used arson along with classic methods like monkey
wrenching and tree spiking to show their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This could encourage lawmakers and politicians to cooperate with organizations that focus on legislation like the Sierra Club and Surfrider. It could
be a bit like a "good cop, bad cop" kind of relationship. If radical groups continue to inflict damage, then moderate groups could ask publicly for the
attacks to stop. This would give lawmakers and politicians a reason to act side with the moderate, civilized environmental

Zeolite Based Sorbent Coated With Iron For Advanced...
Matthew Potzler
CHEE 569B
Term Project
Zeolite–Based Sorbent Coated with Iron for Advanced Oxidation of Trace Organics in Treated Wastewater
Abstract
Zeolite with an iron loading of 0.11% was used in a set of experiments to determine the possibility of using zeolite in conjunction with Fenton's
reagents in order to destroy p–Cresol in an aqueous solution. The results were compared to a homogenous system at a pH of 2.5 using iron salt with an
equivalent iron concentration of iron–amended zeolite and the rate of degradation in the heterogeneous system using the iron–amended zeolite was
found to be half. The area of interest would be to use this zeolite at neutral pH, and it was found that the rate of degradation using the iron–amended ...
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Iron (II) reacts with hydrogen peroxide to produce a hydroxyl radical and is oxidized to Iron (III). Upon decomposition of a second hydrogen
peroxide molecule, a superoxide radical is produced and Iron (III) is reduced back to Iron (II). The contaminants are primarily destroyed by the
hydroxide radical, as it is highly reactive and oxidative (2). As iron precipitates above a pH of 3, the reaction halts, as the iron ions are not available
to participate in this reaction. This renders the use of Fenton's Reagents impractical, as it would require large amounts of acid to lower the pH to the
range required for this reaction. It would also require large amounts of base to raise the pH to a permissible value required for discharge. This
introduces large costs, and makes the process cost prohibitive. In order to overcome this limitation, it was found that iron–amended zeolites could be
used to destroy chemicals in water at nearly neutral pH (3).
Figure 1. Fenton's Reaction producing radicals while cycling iron.
Zeolites are materials composed of silica and alumina that contain micropores capable of adsorbing chemical compounds. Zeolites are employed
primarily to sorb contaminants from water and then shipped off–site. The zeolite must then be regenerated by a thermal process or through the use of
an advanced oxidation process, such as Fenton's Reagent. By varying the

How Did The Radical Republican 's Rise For The Failure Of...
The investigation will explore the question: How did the Radical Republican's rise to power contribute to the failure of the post–civil war
reconstruction? The time between 1863, when Lincoln passed the ten percent act, until the year 1877, when reconstruction was officially ended, will be
evaluated with information provided by the sources. The investigation will specifically look to how the Lincoln assassination allowed for the rise in the
Radical Republican Party from 1866 to 1868 and the party's effect on reconstruction acts leading to the failure of the post–civil war reconstruction era.
Eric Foner's novel Reconstruction: America 's Unfinished Revolution is largely accepted to be one of the most complete works regarding ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The novel primarily utilizes a traditional view point. The author views reconstruction in a negative light and as a time when power–hungry Radicals
used their political power to punish the south, in contrast to the president's attempts to revive, instead of change, the South.
Foner's book provided significant information for this investigation. It provides substantial evidence of how the Radical Republicans gained power and
their actions thereafter. The novel, with its traditional view of reconstruction, only allowed for a one–sided look of the years 1863–1877, focusing
mainly on the Republican views and the Radical Reconstruction. This somewhat limits the extent the novel could be used in evaluating the research
question in this investigation.
John Hope Franklin's Reconstruction After the Civil War: Second Edition also assisted in the evaluation of the research question. Franklin earned his
master 's in 1936 and his doctorate in history in 1941 from Harvard University. In 1995, Franklin was awarded the highest civilian honor by earning
the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Franklin's educational background qualifies him as a reliable source to reference for this investigation of American
history.
John Hope Franklin's work is celebrated as an accurate account of prior slaves' roles during this era of American history. In this edition Franklin
updates his original version with new information and records that came to light after his completion

Sex And The City Motherhood Essay
Motherhood in America is something that takes a lot of work and dedication and can be considered a full time job. Sex and the City, black–ish, and
Jane the Virgin are three examples that present motherhood in different lights. In the movie Sex and the City portrays motherhood as something no
women can do alone. In black–ish it shows a dream world where a mother can work a full time job and still be able to be around for her kids.
Compared to these unrealistic forms of media, Jane The Virgin shows the true struggles of raising a baby. It shows how it takes a village to raise a
baby and how motherhood is not always sunshine and rainbows. Using Radical Cultural Feminism and Materialist Feminism, displays ways in which
motherhood is depicted in these three films in order to reveal the struggles and overall rewarding experience of being a mother. When viewing Sex ...
One view of the Materialist Feminist is that women are taught to see their bodies as commodities. This is very true in Jane The Virgin concerning
Petra. They would have liked that Petra uses her body to get what she wants and to get where she wants to be. Her mother is always mentioning
about how her beauty is what is important and what will get her through life. In Season 1 episode 5 Petra's mother says about how her skin is so
dry and that she needs to take care of it. She then tells Petra that your beauty is your weapon. Petra has been raised to use her body has a commodity.
The system of Petra using her body as a commodity to get ahead is bad. But, she is never alienated from her intellectual processes and abilities.
Materialist Feminists believe that women alienate themselves by seeing their bodies as commodities and not trusting their intellectual abilities. Petra
may use her body to get what she wants, but she is never put down by the men and always seems to hold power over

Does Abortion Lead To Murder?
One of the most controversial topics today, whether it's in political, religious, or social environments would be the subject of abortions. Some, such as
those who follow the ideas of religion or tradition, will say it's wrong, stating that all abortions lead to murder because the fetus is giving birth to another
human. Others, such as those who follow the liberal or human rights way of thinking will say that it should be allowed, primarily because the UDH
(Unborn Developing Human) was not wanted. Some of those fields may provide logical reasoning to what's right or wrong, such as maybe the mother
would probably die after the child is born, or maybe the mother had casual sex with someone else without the use of protection. Other fields, mostly ...
It is without a doubt a very controversial subject based on what the situation is. I am not really against abortions mainly because they are necessary
in some situations, again with rape or health issues. The fact of the matter is that abortions are still going to be an issue in our society, mainly
because of what it's idea is. While it can be said that ectogenesis will probably lessen the issue, it will not make it go away. Humans will still have
the ability to have the ability to create a child unless those parts are taken away, which I would like to add may lead to more controversy over being
allowed to continue tradition. This of course destroys the whole purpose of the ectogenesis conflict, and may also lead to even more issues in society.
That said, I feel that this also work really well in the medical business, with the cloning of organs and allowing same sex partners to have children of
their own even without the genes to be able to do it. Abortion itself I feel is not a great method of solving your problems, and I really would not
encourage anyone to do it unless the situation is serious. While ectogenesis can have it's positives, we should always know that no matter what the
action is, there will always be consequences to the matter. With that said, ectogenesis can still be used for many topics looked into by more future
philosophers and can allow more dialogue in the story. Maybe while it won't solve everyone's problems, it definitely benefits to the positives it

The Significance of Radical Thought and Attitudes in the...
The Significance of Radical Thought and Attitudes in the Civil War Period
The Civil War caused turmoil and upheaval that affected every strand of life in England. It challenged and upturned the deeply ingrained feudal
system with a Monarch as the head of all moral, spiritual and governmental life, and moved thought and order towards new democratic ideas and
systems of rule. This period saw a new experimentation in ideas and attitudes among the population, which was not welcomed by many. As
Christopher Hill writes "What was new in the 17 centaury was the idea that the world might be permanently turned upside down". In the wake of
Charles's regicide there was a "popular mid–seventeenth–centaury ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As. Michel Lynch states: "It was the great issue that defined settlement", or peace in this case. One group challenging this were the "True Levellers"
mockingly known as "Diggers:" With beliefs in equality, community and "true religion for all" they argued that land was "a common treasury" and
lived in communes detached from society. The most famous commune was on St George's Hill, where common land was taken over by a group
numbering around 50 led by Winstanly. Their ideas derived and supported from the Bible wereradical in that they directly threatened the gentry and the
landowners. As Michel Lynch states they ". were regarded as an intolerable affront to established rights of property referring to a lifestyle of "sexual
promiscuity, heavy drinking and frequent blaspheming", usurping land laws and ownership. Reactions and accusations followed that they were "Drunk
on the Bible", thus dramatising many aspects of Digger practice. Just how seriously they challenged established order was evident in violent clashes
that culminated in their removal under Cromwell's orders Lynch further poses an interesting idea that "In an exact sense they were communists". He is
suggesting that here may lie the original seeds that led to later Communism. That the first statue of Winstanly was erected in Russia after Lenin's
consolidation of power shows the extent of their influence in later history and

Parliamentary Protests Of The United States
The threat presented by extra–parliamentary protest in the years 1815–20 was plagued by weak and divided leadership which limited it from driving
results that met its full potential. However, there were also other factors that served to undermine progress such as the actions of the government in
repressing dissenters and the low level of available logistical resources .
Evan tells us in Source 3 that "the movement lacked coherent leadership." His view supports the argument for the threat being undermined by the
weakness of having "too many orators captivated by the sound of their own voices" of whom "not enough bridged the gap between rhetoric and
reality." Being unable to convey the actions people would be required to take for change within their messages reduced the movement almost to a
talking shop of "radical leaders, carried away" without "realistic planning". We can see the fruits of their failed labours in the way the government had
little difficulty in handling any protests and this repeated derailing meant there was rarely a leadership united enough to effectively inspire confidence.
On the other hand, Thompson deems radicalism to have "assumed more conscious, organised and sophisticated forms", going so far as to call it a
"heroic age", which somewhat refutes the criticisms of inadequacy in the power of the speeches made. Indeed, the reality that in addition to Norwich
and Sheffield: Nottingham, Coventry and Bolton were also assessed by the authorities as being

Chemistry Of Cancer Essay
Emma Salvo
Honors Chemistry
October 18, 2017
Rough Draft: The Chemistry of Cancer
Introduction According to the National Institutes of Health, in 2016 more than 595,000 people died from cancer, and the US is projected to
spend more than $150 billion in the treatment of cancer by 2020 ("Cancer Statistics"). Many of us know a friend or loved one who was killed by a
form of cancer, and we may know someone fighting the disease right at this very moment. For this project, I wanted to look at the chemical reasons
for why cancer forms, how it grows in the human body, and what can be done to stop it. While scientists are still learning about cancer and its effects,
there is a lot of scientific evidence that points to free radicals as one of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The result is what we call a free radical cascade, an enormous chain reaction of free radicals that quickly wreaks havoc on living tissue" (Howard).
Because of the constant loss of one electron, the organic molecules affected by the free radical are being oxidized. This has caused scientists to refer
to the process as "oxidative stress" (Nimse and Pal).
However, in other cases, enormous molecules can be created as the oxygen molecule takes an electron from a nearby hydrocarbon. It glues itself to the
original molecule and leaves the end of that original molecule one electron short. For example, the following reaction shows what happens when an
organic peroxide comes into contact with ethylene. Asterisks show an unpaired electron.
R–O–O–R в†’ R–O* + *O–R
R–O* + H2C=CH2в†’ RO–CH2–CH2*
RO–CH2–CH2* + H2C=CH2 в†’ RO–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH2*
(Atteya)
As the reactions show, the unpaired electron chops the double bond between the carbon atoms in ethylene, turning it into longer and longer free radicals.

Free Radicals and Cancer
Free radicals can cause cancerous tumors when they form longer and longer free radicals in one location (Atteya), causing the proteins and other
compounds the body naturally produced to become transformed into larger and more complicated organic compounds that the body doesn't know what
to do with. Dr. Atteya refers to this as "localized" cancer.
However, free radicals

ISIS: Radical Religious Groups
Radical religious groups, more specifically cults, have been terrorizing societies across the globe for many centuries with many more to go. Why
do these groups feel the need to despise those who differ from their beliefs both intellectually and physically? Is it because they view the various
texts of their religions to be comprehended 100% literally? Or is it just that these radicalists use their religions as an excuse for their prohibited
behaviors? Either way these doings are becoming more and more looked down upon by society as it advances, and why shouldn't they be? The usual
victims of these religious extremist consist of those who are innocent under moral law. Religious radicalism is by no means something new to society.
There... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The conclusion this factor usually consists of all of these advances making radicalisation easier through allowing easier changes of one's mind set
(Francis, 2012). This is well explained in Peter Berger's "Four Characteristics of Modernization", more specifically the "Decline in traditional values.",
as well as the, "Expansion of Choice" (Macionis, 2008).
Strategical factors tend to be those of a more intellectual response rather than using violent force or action. The often role in which these factors play
in the developing of the mindset of radicalization within a being is the motivation. These aspects are not always responsible for developing negative
mind sets. For example, after the 9/11 attacks many Americans quickly developed a mentality for perseverance as a nation (Francis,

Dorothy Livesay Poetry Analysis
Dorothy Livesay's work expresses her identity as both woman and poet. In integrating female experience into her work, Livesay challenges
patriarchal views of "the poet" as an archetype and the connection between male and female and nature and culture. Livesay states "I have always
been fascinated by the role of woman as writer" (Livesay 2), in examining Livesay's poetry from 1926–1944 the role of "woman as writer" speaks on
women's issues through connecting the identity of woman to nature and the patriarchy to culture. Livesay's work holds radical feminist thought,
through examination of her nature imagery and the conflicts presented between nature and culture her poetry can be viewed through a radical feminist
lens as "ecofeminism". Ecofeminism links feminist ideology with ecology and suggests that paternal–capitalistic society has "lead to a harmful split
between nature and culture"(Cirksena and Cuklanz 29), linking "the treatment of women to the treatment of the environment.(Cirksena and Cuklanz
30). Although Livesay identifies with nature, she still holds a place in culture as a citizen and a writer and through "identifying herself with both nature
and poetry she creates for herself a unique female poetic role: that of mediator between culture and nature" (Relke 219). Livesay challenges the
patriarchal views of "the poet", the treatment of women in society and the connection between culture and nature. Taking on the role of "poet mediator"
between culture and nature,

Ted Nachazel. 360 Degree Photography Affordances And...
Ted Nachazel
360 Degree Photography Affordances and Constraints
Media has changed vastly over the decades. We have different styles of media, different ways to view media, and so many different options when it
comes to creating media. A recent technology that has started to gain traction is 360–degree photography. This new technology allows people to view
more than traditional 2–D perspective. With this new way of being able to capture a scene comes many affordances and constraints.
Being able to capture everything around you, then allow another person to experience entirely the same scene is something that has never been able to
be done before. The technology for 360–degree photography is most likely early in its development. That being ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Having devices that allow us to put on a headpiece and be put into another reality is a huge step for media.
With these devices, unfortunately, come many constraints. The content creator has more options for what the viewer can see, but at the same time it
may not be what they want the viewer to see. In most forms of media today there is a main point that the viewer is observing. 2–D perspective video
creators are able to change perspectives of how the viewer sees the media, but with 360 degrees the viewer may not see it in the same way the original
creator intended. The viewer may even miss main points entirely because they were looking around and the main point of a video was behind them. On
top of this the viewer may not even be able to watch the video. Many people report nausea when watching videos in 360 degrees. If there is not a
way to ensure people do not feel sick while watching the videos, that means that this media will be limited by the number of people who are able to
tolerate it. Being able to create the quality of content that is currently available on 2–D platforms may be difficult could also be an issue. Movie shoots
require a lot of people and equipment, which is all behind the camera when only shooting one perspective. In a 360–movie you have to make sure you
are capturing the things you want and nothing more. There is most likely going to be more work creating

Oxidative Stress Lab Report
Biochemistry of Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress
The research was done by Sabry M. El–Bahr at the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 22758, Alexandria
University, Egypt. The overall purpose of this experiment was to study the causes of oxidative stress that is caused by free radical. It is known that the
free radicals and the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are used interchangeably. ROS can damage DNA, biomembrane lipids, proteins and other
macromolecules. The primary source of ROS is the leakage of electron from the respiratory chain during the reduction of molecular oxygen to water
generating superoxide anion. The classification of ROS includes oxygen centered radicals and oxygen centered non– radicals. Moreover, ... Show more
The system can take care of those reactive oxygen species, some of them are enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide
dismutase which are the most major antioxidant enzymes that are capable to minimize oxidative stress in the organelles, and some are non–enzyme
antioxidants such as glutathione, selenium, vitamin C and E. Oxidative stress is when the balance is in favor of oxidase, so when the antioxidants
systems in the cell cannot keep up, something gets out of whack and things start to come oxidized. This can happen in a lot of ways, we have
endogenous sources of ROS; things that are happening in the cell like aerobic cellular respiration where the ROS are being produced as a result of
some byproduct or some cellular process that supposed to be occurring like electron transport in cellular respiration or breaking down fatty acid and
peroxisome.
In this study, scientist found that there are levels of free radicals reactivity of the compounds that are being produced in the cell; some with least
reactivity such as H2O2, and some are highly reactive such as OH. The free radicals can affect the cell negatively. One of the element that generates
free radicals and causes oxidative stress is cadmium. It increases lipid peroxidation and/or changes intracellular glutathione levels. However,
investigators found that some plants such as curcumin is a natural drug that works

Aging- Living Organisms
Aging is a fundamental truth and an inevitable aspect of every living organism in the world. There are more than four hundred theories on 'how' and
'why' we age. None of them stands out as a single winner in explaining everything about 'aging' but in fact, they are all interconnected and together
they explain the possible process of aging. This assignment attempts to explore the research based avenues which could possibly help Mickey live
significantly longer than Minnie, based on the assumption that Mickey and Minnie inherit the same genetic programme but follow different life
styles. Different authors and researchers define aging differently. Aging has been defined by Balducci(2007) as a loss of "entropy and fractality."
Loss of entropy implies a progressive reduction in an individual's functional reserve, whereas loss of fractality implies a progressive reduction in the
ability to coordinate different activity and negotiate the environment". Yet another definition which would encapsulate the wider meaning of the term
aging is "aging as a multifaceted phenomenon associated with decrements in cellular and physiological functions, increases in the incidence of
numerous degenerative diseases and diminished capacity for responding to stress (Beckman and Ames, 1998). The theories on aging can broadly be
classified as programmed and damage based. While the former argues that the complex process of aging is primarily pre–programmed by genes and
not due to any random or

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Aops
In most of the AOPs a combination of these oxidation effects occur. In FentonВґs reagent for example; Fe(II) is used as a catalyst, in the process Fe(II)
is brought to the other oxidation state of Fe(III), in this process OH* radicals are formed that are able to completely mineralize organic compounds. It
is clear from the standard redox potential data that hydroxyl radical is the strongest known oxidant (2.06 V), second to fluorine (2.23 V) (Table 1).
Therefore, the complete mineralization of most of the organic matters is possible, when the hydroxyl radicals are the main oxidizing species in the
solution. This is one of the major advantages of AOPs, since other chemical oxidation processes mostly lead to partial oxidation of the target
compounds, ant thus, the generation of new hazardous compounds is possible. The other advantage of AOPs is the generation of neglible amounts of
residues and their applicability, in case of very low ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The use of ultrasound technology is shown to be very promising for the degradation of persistent organic compounds in wastewater as it is proven to be
an effective method for degrading organic effluent into less toxic compounds. The advantages of this technology include potential chemical–free and
simultaneous oxidation, thermolysis, shear degradation, enhanced mass–transfer processes together etc. Overall, sonochemical oxidation uses
ultrasound to produce cavitation phenomena, which is defined as the phenomena of the formation, growth and subsequent collapse of microbubbles,
releasing large magnitude of energy, and induces localized extreme conditions. The sonochemical destruction of pollutants in aqueous phase generally
involves several reaction pathways such as pyrolysis inside the bubble and hydroxyl radical–mediated reactions at the bubble–liquid interface and/or in
the liquid

Oxidative stress promotion: Disturbance of the...
Oxidative stress promotion: Disturbance of the prooxidant–antioxidant balance in favour of the former is termed as oxidative stress (Aly et al. 2010;
Uchendu et al. 2012). The outcome of this multistep process is tissue damage which builds a path from the onset of tissue damage through diseases to
finally apoptosis (Agrawal and Sharma 2010). Damage induced by oxidative stress occurs through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
which includes oxygen derived free radicals such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and non radical derivatives as hydrogen peroxide (Tebourbi et
al. 2011; Verma et al. 2007). ROS induces alterations and damage to macromolecules like lipids and proteins, most common phenomena being lipid
peroxidation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pyrethroids also interfere with Ca balance. They inhibit both Ca–ATPase and Ca–MgATPase. This results in impact on neurotransmitter release and
inhibition of Ca uptake (Coats 1990).
Xenobiotics may enhance the sensitization to allergens because of their modulating effect on T–cells. Neoantigen formation, metabolism of
xenobiotics into reactive–haptenic metabolites, induction of costimulatory enzymes and sensitization of T–cells can give rise to autoimmunity and
allergies (Reichrtova et al. 1999).
Health Impacts of pesticide exposure:
Human exposure whether directly or through diet may result in acute and delayed health effects. Food contaminated with toxic pesticides is
associated with severe effects on human health (Kaushik et al. 2009, Forget 1991; Amoguis et al. 2010; Androutsopoulos et al. 2012). WHO
estimates show that over 500,000 people died from self poisoning in South East Asia and Western Pacific during 2000 alone (WHO 2001; Litchfield
2005). In developing countries, the estimated annual incidence rate in agricultural workers was found to be 18.2 per 100 000 full–time workers and
7.4 per million school children (Bolognesi and Merlo 2011). In India, poisoning due to pesticides was first reported in 1958 in Kerela where over more
than 100 people died after consuming parathion contaminated wheat flour (Karunakaran 1958) and the proportion has been quite

The Rat Model Of Depression
In the present study, the rat model of depression was induced by the daily i.p. injection of reserpine for 15 days. This was followed by monitoring the
motor activity to check the development of the rat model of depression. Then the depressed rats were treated with cannabis extract to study its effect on
this model.
After 15 days of daily reserpine injection, a significant decrease in motor activity was recorded as assessed by the open field test (OFT). Together
with the hunched back appearance that was observed after 15 days, these behavioral changes indicate the development of rat model of depression
which was maintained by the daily i.p. injection for another 15 days.
After 30 days of daily reserpine injections, the significant changes in the OFT parameters and hunched back appearance persisted and were similar to
those observed after 15 days of reserpine treatment. In addition to the motor deficits, the present depletion in cortical and hippocampal monoamine
levels induced by reserpine confirms the development of the rat model of depression, since the central depletion in 5–HT, NE and/or DA have been
postulated as the main cause for the pathogenesis of depression (Schechter et al., 2005)
Our results were consistent with the study of Antkiewicz–Michaluk et al. (2014) who found a distinct depressive–like behavior in the forced swimming
test, motor impairment, and reduced levels of dopamine, noreepinephrine, and serotonin in the brain after treatment with a low dose of

How Does Radiation Cause Biologic Damage?
Every day patients are exposed to radiation with diagnostic x–rays, computed tomography, and radiation therapy. Exposure to radiation can cause
biologic damage. Cellular damage can be produced by direct action or indirect action. Direct action occurs when the DNA is directly hit by a radiation
photon, which can result in single–stranded breaks in DNA and two or more strand breaks. Indirect action occurs through the radiolysis of water
leading to the production of free radicals. The hydroxyl radical and hydrogen radical are both unstable. The hydroxyl radical can result in the
production of hydrogen peroxide, and the hydrogen radical in the presence of oxygen results in the production of the hydroperoxyl radical. Studies
have been performed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tomato products have the highest levels of antioxidants, which means they are more efficient than tomatoes at lessening the occurrence of
oxidation–related disease. If sixty grams of tomato puree is consumed over a three–week period, the concentration of lycopene will increase. An
increased concentration of lycopene will strengthen the resistance of lymphocyte DNA to oxidative stress, which is known as a large factor
associated with increased cancer risk. An experiment was done to study lymphocytes after being exposed to one, two, or four Gy. As exposure
increased, there was an increase in the number of micronuclei, dicentric chromatids, and translocation occurrences. When pretreated with lycopene,
the occurrence of the previous aberrations was reduced. These results established that lycopene is efficient at protecting lymphocytes against damage
caused by radiation. Lycopene also has few adverse effects, and it is easy to access at an affordable price, which makes lycopene a likely chosen
radioprotectant.Knowledge of the adverse effects of radiation is important because most, if not all, of the human population has been exposed to
radiation at one point in their life. It is also important for people to know what they can to protect their bodies from

Abstract. The Free Radical Chlorination Of 1-Chlorobutane
Abstract
The free radical chlorination of 1–chlorobutane resulted in a mixture of at least 4 different possible products from the reaction. Gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry helped in figuring out which of the products are most abundant in the sample product created as well as in
discovering the ratio of relative reactivities of the hydrogens. This experiment showed that the ratio of relative reactivities was found to be 1.0 : 3.5 :
6.2 : 2.4, which indicates that the secondary hydrogens are more reactive than the primary hydrogens and that reactivity further increases the further
away the hydrogen is from the chlorine on the 1–chlorobutane. The results agree with the conjecture that the primary hydrogens are less reactive than ...
Radicals are further formed in the propagation step, and are combined during the termination step. Since any of the radicals can combine in the
termination step, a radical–initiated reaction can produce a mixture of products.3 The purpose of this experiment is to obtain a mixture of isomeric
dichlorobutane in order to discover the relative reactivities of 1–chlorobutane through radical initiated chlorination. Instead of heat or light, the initiator
used in the experiment is 2,2'–azobis–(2–methylpropionitrile).4 Identification of the products obtained in the experiment was done through the analysis
of data from mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, and physical properties (e.g. boiling point and molecular weight).
Experimental
In a 25–mL round–bottom flask, 1–chlorobutane (5 mL, 4.32 g, 0.046 mol), sulfuryl chloride (1.6 mL, 2.7 g, 0.02 mol),
2,2'–azobis–(2–methylpropionitrile) (0.03 g), and a boiling chip were added. After a condenser and gas trap were attached to the flask, the mixture
was heated to a gentle reflux in a steam bath for 20 min. The flask was then allowed to cool down quickly in an ice bath for a short time before a
second portion of the 2,2'–azobis–(2–methylpropionitrile) (0.03 g) was added to the flask. The mixture was refluxed for another 10 min. before the
flask was cooled in a beaker of water. The reaction mixture was then poured into a small separatory funnel already filled with water (10 mL),

The Radical Feminist View of the Family Essay
The Radical Feminist View of the Family
Feminism is the belief that women are unfairly treated in society and it should be changed in order to create equality with men. However not all
feminists believe the same and there ideas vary.
Radical Feminists believe that it has been built into the way society is structured that men are allowed to exploit and oppress women. They call this
patriarchy. They believe that abuse in the family is down to men being psychologically warped by centuries of patriarchy into being unable to accept
women as equals. Shulamith Firestone developed a theory in the 1960's when Radical Feminists began seeking to overturn what at the time was seen
as grotesque and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Men control children using physical and psychological abuse but in some case sexual dominance is used. Therefore Firestone believed that the
sexual abuse of women and children was not about sexual deviance at all but about power. Over the centuries men have become adapted to the
power held over women so find it difficult to accept them as equals. Firestone decided the only solution to this problem was for women and children
to live totally separated from men, and to even do away with them completely. However today Firestones theories are not very fashionable, although
they do have some truth in them. Violent male partners kill 100 women a year while only 4 men a year are killed by violent women partners, and
most of all child abuse cases is committed by men.
Liberal Feminists unlike Radical Feminists believe that over time as the old fashioned views have broken down, many new laws have been changed
that help to give women equality and there has been a steady improvement in women's careers in society.
Functionalist and the 'New Right' are against feminism, as they believe the nuclear family is the ideal living arrangement as women can stay home
and do domestic chores while men go and provide for the family like it was centuries ago. Ann Widdecome a politician for the 'New Right' believes
strongly in the bible and the messages it provides, so women to have

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Polymerization Of PMMA
Union
PMMA is routinely delivered by emulsion polymerization, arrangement polymerization, and mass polymerization. By and large, radical start is
utilized (counting living polymerization strategies), yet anionic polymerization of PMMA can likewise be performed. To deliver 1 kg (2.2 lb) of
PMMA, around 2 kg (4.4 lb) of petroleum is required. PMMA produced by radical polymerization (all business PMMA) is a tactic and totally nebulous.
Handling
The glass move temperature (Tg) of atactic PMMA is 105 В°C (221 В°F). The Tg estimations of business evaluations of PMMA reach from 85 to 165
В°C (185 to 329 В°F); the extent is so vast on account of the endless number of business organizations which are copolymers with comonomers other
than methyl methacrylate. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Scratches might be evacuated by heating so as to clean or the surface of the material.Laser slicing might be utilized to shape many–sided outlines from
PMMA sheets. PMMA vaporizes to vaporous mixes (counting its monomers) upon laser cutting, so a well put together is made, and cutting is
performed actually. Be that as it may, the beat laser cutting presents high inner anxieties along the cut edge, which on presentation to solvents produce
undesirable "anxiety crazing" at the cut edge and a few millimeters profound. Indeed, even ammonium–based glass–cleaner and just about everything
shy of cleanser and water produces comparatively undesirable crazing, some of the time over the whole surface of the cut parts, at awesome
separations from the focused on edge. Annealing the PMMA sheet/parts is in this manner a mandatory post–handling step when proposing to bond
synthetically laser cut parts together. This includes warming the parts in an air coursing broiler from room temperature up to 90 В°C (at a rate of
close to 18 degrees for every hour) down to room temperature (at a rate of close to 12 degrees for each time). Temperature ought to be kept up as
takes after one hour for 3 mm thickness, two hours for up

Reform Movement In Felix Holt
George Eliot's Felix Holt, published in June, 1866, charts the moral growth and development of the major protagonists, Felix Holt and Esther Lyon, at
the backdrop of Reform Movement. This novel is praised 'for the way George Eliot enlists our sympathies in the lives of her characters – good and bad
– with a heartiness which few other... writers can even rival'(Jedrezejewski 67). Though Felix Holt is presented as an idealised and straightforward
character, he lacks in humility. While he ties himself up with public life, he tries to reform both Esther Lyon and the working class. He sees the two
roles as being quite separate and incompatible, and his moral growth in course of the novel is from his initial scorn of Esther and of women in general,
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Felix's moral growth is evident when he ultimately admits to Esther Lyon : 'If you take me .. . I shall be forced to be a much better fellow than I ever
thought of being'.(Eliot, Felix Holt 400)
Esther, living at Treby, .frustrated in her desire for social advancement comes under the influence of Felix Holt. Her horizon expands and she begins
to feel that if Felix Holt loves her, her life would be exalted into a sort of new blessedness, such as one may imagine in beings who are conscious of
painfully growing into the possession of higher power. She sees him as the means of checking her pettiness with the suggestion of a wider

N-Pentane Lab Report
As observed in both experiments and simulations, at 2 atm, DME can slightly inhibiting effect on n–pentane ignition, while at 10 and 20 atm, DME
addition did not obvious influence n–pentane ignition. To further understand this phenomenon, reaction pathway analysis of DME, 50%DME/50%
n–pentane and n–pentane were conducted at 20% fuel consumption using NUI Galway pentane isomers model.
Fig 6 shows the reaction pathway of DME oxidation. At 2 atm and 1100 K, only 8% fuel is consumed by unimolecular decomposition reaction, while
most of the DME mainly undergoes H–atom abstraction by free radicals (И®H (42.7%), ДЉH3 (22.8%), бёў (13%) and HИ®2 (4.4%)) to form
methoxymethyl radical (CH3OДЉH2). Subsequently, the methoxymethyl radicals (CH3OДЉH2) readily dissociates ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
7, at 2 atm, and 1100 K, n–pentane is largely consumed through four channels: a) 44% of fuel consumption undergo H–atom abstraction from
secondary C–H bond by free radicals, бёў (22%), И®H (15.2%), ДЉH3 (3.2%) and HИ®2 (1.1%), to yield sec–pentyl radicals (ДЉ5H11–2),
following by C–C beta scission to readily form propylene (C3H6) and ethyl radical (ДЉ2H5). b) 22.9% of fuel consumption undergo H–atom
abstraction from primary C–H bond by free radicals, И®H (12%), бёў (9.4%) and Г– (1.5%), to form n–pentyl radicals (ДЉ5H11–1), which will
subsequently dissociated via either C–C beta scission (74.9%) forming n–propyl (NДЉ3H7) and ethylene (C2H4). More than 93% of the NДЉ3H7
radicals can decompose directly to produce C2H4 and ДЉH3 radicals. While 21.5% the n–pentyl radicals (ДЉ5H11–1) undergoes isomerization
reaction forming sec–pentyl (ДЉ5H11–2). c) 19.5% of fuel consumption undergo H–atom abstraction from tertiary C–H bond by free radicals, бёў
(11%), И®H (5.7%), ДЉH3 (1.6%) and Г– (1.2%), to form 3–pentyl radicals (ДЉ5H11–3), which is largely undergo C–C beta scission to produce
1–butene (C4H8–1) (99.8%). d) 10.9% of fuel undergo unimolecular decomposition to yield ДЉ2H5 radicals and NДЉ3H7 radicals which can largely
dissociate to C2H4. At 2 atm and 1600 K, the unimolecular decomposition of n–pentane is the main pathway consuming (59.7%) formed NДЉ3H7 and
ДЉ2H5 radicals. Fuel molecule H–atom abstraction only account for 30.8%, which can be observed from secondary C–H (14.6%), primary C–H
(8.9%) and tertiary C–H (7.3%), respectively. Meanwhile, 6.5% of fuel also decomposed by ДЉH3 radical elimination to produce n–butyl radicals
(PДЉ4H9). Therefore, at 2 atm and 1600 K, more pronounced unimolecular decomposition pathway of n–pentane will yield more NДЉ3H7 and
ДЉ2H5 radicals, thus further generate highly activated free radicals and promote the reactivity at high temperature[63,

Radical View Of The Declaration Of Independence
here are many different views of the Declaration of Independence corresponding to the events occurring at each point in time. At the time of its
signing, the Declaration of Independence was used as a motivational piece to the American colonies as well as a call for aid to France in order to gain
allies in the American Revolution occurring at the time. It promoted patriotic loyalty at the time and united the colonies against their common enemy
and ruler. The revolutionary perspective of the Declaration intended the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness to motivate the people and
give them a cause to fight for and strive to achieve. The radical view of the Declaration occurred in the years after the Declaration was signed and

Manganese And The Role Of The Human Body
MANGANESE AND THE ROLE IT PLAYS IN THE HUMAN BODY
Introduction
Manganese is one of sixteen known minerals that are essential within the human diet (wardlaw). Minerals, such as manganese, are considered essential
to the diet of humans if their absence results in physiological or structural abnormalities and their presence prevents disease/illness (wardlaw). The
body utilizes manganese primarily in energy metabolism and within the antioxidant systems (wardlaw). Manganese is found primarily in parts of the
body such as the liver, pancreas, kidneys and bones (Ehrlich).
The Chemical Properties of Manganese
Manganese (Mn) is a member of the periodic family of transition metals. Transition metals have one or more stable ions that do not have complete
d–orbitals. Manganese has the atomic number twenty–five, ie. the nucleus contains twenty–five protons. Taking into consideration the abundance of
various Manganese isotopes, the atomic weight was found to be 54.9380amu.
Dietary Reference Intake
Manganese does not have a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) due to insufficient information, however, the Food andNutrition Board has set an
Adequate Intake. The Adequate Intake was formulated based on observed and experimentally determined approximations of manganese by populations
of good health status. In healthy adults, the AI for men is 2.3mg/day and 1.8mg/day for women (wardlow). The need for dietary manganese increases
with pregnancy and lactation (2.0–2.6 mg/day) (linus pauling).

Protandim Research Paper
Protandim and It's Effects The corporation LifeVantage has made a scientific break through. They may have possibly found a "crack" in the aging
process of mammals. Through a dietary supplement, taking one tiny, yellow pill once a day may help slow down the effects of oxidative stress on
mammal's cells. They call this wonderful little miracle Protandim, looking through studies Protandim is proving its miracle like effects. Protandim has
had positive effects, including but not limited to slowing the aging process, increasing all mammal's health, and preventing disease. Oxidative stress can
be closely compared to "rusting" of mammal's cells. Free radicals are unstable molecules that ravage or "oxidize" cells throughout the body in a process
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Western blot analysis of p53 and Bax in mitochondrial fraction (left) and examination of apoptosis (right) in mouse skin epidermal tissues. Succinate
dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) served as the loading control. The levels of p53/Bax were normalized to that of SDHB. Statistical analysis was
performed using one–way ANOVA (for multiple group comparison) followed by Newman
–Keuls post–test. Ctrl, basal diet; Veh, vehicle control
(DMSO); Pro, Protandim. *, p The product Protandim has been tested and trialed various times by many different species and in many different out
looks. This product has been tried for plenty of diseases and conditions and seems to continue to shock people with its versatility. Protandim is
something people should be taking on a daily basis and the studies and articles cited have proved that. Protandim has had positive effects, including but
not limited to slowing the aging process, increasing all mammal's health, and preventing disease. The research discovered has proven to be very
pleasing and

Experimental Methods And Methods Of The Study
Abstract
Introduction (background and motivation of the study), Experimental Methods (summary of what you used or did to do the research),
Results and Discussion,
Conclusions,
References,
Tables, Figures
All chemicals were obtained from commercial sources and used without further purification, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (Fisher Scientific,
30% ACS grade), p–cresol (Acros, 99+%), titanium (IV) sulfate (Pfaltz&Bauer, 30%), nitric acid solution in water (Acros, 68–70% ACS grade) and
isopropyl alcohol (IPOH) (OmniSolv, GC/HPLC grade). Milli–Q water (resistivity в‰Ґ18.0 mО©–cm) purified by Barnstead NANOpure II system
was used in solution preparations.
Thermo Scientific Genesys 10s UV–Vis spectrophotometer was employed to obtain the absorption spectra of test samples.
EEMs were measured by a PerkinElmer LS 55 fluorescence spectrophotometer.
The S–3400N is Hitachi 's newest addition to a world class Variable Pressure SEM line–up. Built on the success of the S–3000 series instruments, the
S–3400N offers advances in automation including full filament saturation and "no touch" objective aperture alignment. A new analytical chamber
provides a total of ten ports with three high take off angle ports for EDS, Full Focusing WDS, PBS, EBSD, and XRF. A BSE detector allows TV rate
scanning and high resolution imaging. Hitachi 's patented Quad variable gun bias and SE accelerator plate ensures high currents for low voltage
applications now approaching Field Emission performance.

Feminism And The Second Wave Of Feminism
Any given person can define feminism in a different way. Some view it as a women's movement for women, by women and against men. It can also
be hard to distinguish the different types of feminism when the more radical, outspoken people or organizations can overshadow the rest. In general,
feminism is another way in which to view things, another lens in which to see the world. It is another platform for people to express themselves as
whole individuals and become a voice for others that may otherwise remain unheard. Feminism as a whole takes a look at social constructs and gender
norms and begins to deconstruct them to create an environment that is equal and accepting of all persons. In the second wave of feminism, many
women began to break out of the roles as housewives and mothers and speak up for equality. Gloria Steinem is among many of the influential women
who took the world by storm with their radical ideas of feminism and challenge the ideals that society had set forth for post–war women of the time.
Before joining Bella Abzug and Betty Friedan in the formation of the National Women's Politic Caucus, Gloria Steinem was taking care of her
divorced, mentally ill mother in Toledo, Ohio. Steinem spent six years caring for her mother before she left for Smith College where she obtained a
degree in government, a choice that was non–traditional for a woman at the time. After establishing herself as a freelance writer, Steinem worked for
Show magazine until she was

The Contribution of Feminists to the Sociology of the Family
Feminists have played a major part in the ideology of the family, as they provide an alternative view to the traditional sociology of the family. There are
many different types of feminists; the main ones are Radical feminists, Marxist feminist and liberal feminists. Although they are categorised separately,
they fundamentally believe in the same idea, which is the dominant functionalist assumptions are inaccurate and should therefore be challenged.
Functionalists believe that in the family, the role of the woman is functional when she plays a necessary 'expressive' role, providing care and affection
for members in a more subordinate role than that of the breadwinner husband. HOUSEWORK/POWER RELATIONS One of the functionalists,... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A liberal feminist, Jessie Bernard, sees the role of housewife as the key factor in limiting the potential of women. Bernard believes that marriage is
particularly beneficial for men as they are more likely than single men to have successful careers, high incomes and high status occupations.
However, wives are found to express marital dissatisfaction more frequently than men, since they gain least. Margaret Benston, a Marxist feminist,
states that the amount of unpaid labour performed by women is very profitable to those who own the means of production. To pay for women
even at minimum wage scales, would involve a massive redistribution of wealth. At present the support of the family is a hidden tax on the wage
earner, his wage buy the labour power of two people. In addition, the man is less likely to withdraw his labour power with a wife and children to
support. Not only does the family produce and rear cheap labour, it also maintains it at no cost to the employer. The woman as housewife tends to her
husbands needs keeping him in good working order to perform his role as wage labourer. Radical feminists such as Dobash and Dobash, found through
their studies that although both partners feel that marriage allows them to make some demands upon the other, there is considerable difference in their
abilities to achieve their own ends when there is disagreement. The woman is almost never in a position to coerce him by physical means

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Photodegradation
The applications of homogeneous photodegradation (single–phase system) to treat contaminated water, involves the use of an oxidant to generate
radicals, which attack the organic pollutants to initiate oxidation. The major oxidants used are:
пЂ Hydrogen peroxide (UV /H2O2)
пЂ Ozone (UV /O3)
пЂ Hydrogen peroxide and Ozone (UV /O3/H2O2)
пЂ Photo–Fenton system (Fe+3 /H2O2)
1.2.1.4. Hydrogen peroxide
The use of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant brings a number of advantages in comparison to other methods of wastewater treatment. Commercial
availability of the oxidant, thermal stability and storage on–site, infinite solubility in water, no mass transfer associated with gases. The most accepted
mechanism for this H2O2 photolysis is the rupture of the O–O bond by the action of ultraviolet light forming two hydroxyl radicals.
H2O2 + hП… п‚®пЂ 2 OHО‡ –––– (Eq.1.7)
A disadvantage of this process is that it cannot utilize solar light as the source of UV light due to the fact that the required UV energy for the
photolysis of the oxidizer is not available in the solar ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the contexts of history and research, interest in heterogeneous photocatalysis can be traced back to many decades when Fujishima and Honda
discovered in 1972 the photochemical splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of TiO2 From this time, extensive research, much of
it published, has been carried out to produce hydrogen from water in oxidation reduction reactions using a variety of semiconductor catalyst materials.
With respect to a semiconductor oxide such asWO3, photocatalytic reactions are initiated by the absorption of illumination with energy equal to or
greater than the band gap of the semiconductor. This produces electron–hole (eв€’/h+) pairs as in Equation (1.14), Figure

Radical Views Of The Iranian Constitution
David Olsson
Dr. BenShea
Religion 311 – Islam
6/10/15
Radical Approach to Shari'a in Iranian Constitution
INTRODUCTION
The Iranian Constitution has been a controversial document, causing many questions about human rights, and how religion plays into it. It came into
effect after a revolution that fought for rule of law and a civil society. The government however has faced lots of criticism internationally from the
Western World, including the European Union, United States, United Kingdom and manHuman Rights Activists. The country is ruled by a
combination of Democracy and Theology, putting Shari'a law as it's biggest influence. The government consists of a President, and Clergy that acts as a
guide. This Clergy, however,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The constitution was modeled on the 1958 constitution of the French Fifth Republic, retaining the President and Prime Minister for the Executive
branch, instantly creating tension between the two. "Tension... never abated. In fact, it was one of the reasons for the amendment of the Constitution
and abolition of the office of the Prime Minister in 1989". This abolition however created another problem: tension between the President, and the
clerically selected leader (rahbar) of the Islamic Republic, also known as the supreme Jurist (faqih). This 1989 amendment also realized the Expediency
Council (majma'–e tashkis–e maslahat) as an advisory board for the leader. The Expediency Council's role had been set up to break the deadlock
between the Iranian Parliament (Majles), and the Council of Guardians, whose clerical Assembly of Guardians who had veto power on all of legislation.
The new government consisted of three powers, the Executive, the Legislative, and the Judiciary, all under the supervision of the Supreme Jurist.
Khatami acknowledged: "The Constitution of Iran includes the mandate of the Jurist", however refused to say absolute power. Student riots in the
University of Tehran came about after political murders that were completed by the Iranian secret service against liberal officials in the Ministry of
Information, approved principally by the Majles. They chanted "Khamenei must go!", however were quickly compromised as

The Effects Of Irradiation
Exposure to ionizing radiation induces oxidative damage that leads to alteration of tissue physiological function as observed in the present study. This
was evidenced by significant elevation in kidney MDA content. These results match the increase in lipid peroxidation post irradiation obtained by
Srinivasan et al. (2007) and Pratheeshkumar and kuttan (2011). Free radicals generated by irradiation react with unsaturated lipids generating
hydroperoxides, which in turn can induce changes in lipid bilayer thereby altering the membrane permeability and inducing lipid peroxidation (Suzuki
et al. 1997). Also, significant elevation of kidney GSH contents were observed in irradiated rats. This increase in GSH level may be due to
transcriptional... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
1997) or due to radiation–induced deterioration in liver detoxification function (Robbins et al. 2001). In addition, the increment in serum urea level
which is the major end–product of protein catabolism may be also due to excess degradation of protein post irradiation (Moulder et al. 2002).
Results of the present study also showed that whole body gamma irradiation at 6.5Gy evoked a sharp increase in glucose level and decrease in Mg
kidney content. Hyperglycemia has been found post irradiation due to minimized utilization of glucose by injured tissues as well as acceleration of
gluconeogenesis which is indirect result of irradiation (Abdel–Salam et al. 2006). The hypomagnesaemia may be due to insufficient renal function or
excess release through damaged cells post irradiation (Kotb et al. 1990).
Lipid metabolism abnormalities, is a characteristic consequence of renal insufficiency (Trevisan et al. 2006). In the present study, significant elevation
was observed in serum cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL levels while there was a significant decrease in HDL serum level of irradiated rats. This
confirms that previously reported by Baker et al. (2009); Anees et al. (2014) and Abd El kader et al. (2015). This indicates that ionizing
radiation–induced oxidative stress might alter hepatic lipid metabolism and serum

Valerie Gets A Camer A Short Story
Valerie Gets a Camera "Ugh, I really want my own camera," thought Valerie. Valerie, a tall, athletic beautiful girl with long, straight, silky blonde
hair and blue eyes, loved taking pictures. One day, shortly after her 14th birthday, she decided she must have her own camera. She asked her
parents for help, but because she was 14, they said no. "Since you're becoming older and maturing, if you want a new camera, you're going to have
to find a way to earn money and buy it yourself," they said. Valerie thought long about the different ways she could earn money, but none of them
sounded like things she could do. She could get a job at a fast food restaurant to earn fast easy money but, she was too young. Instead she mowed
lawns, walked dogs and cleaned houses. All of these jobs were easy enough for Valerie to do, but she wasn't making very much money. "I need to
make money faster," she thought. "How can I earn money faster? What can I do?"... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Three days of searching with no results and she was exhausted. She tried everything but no one was hiring. Valerie felt frustrated and hopeless. She
felt like she would never earn enough for her own camera. Then, it hit her, "I'll host a parent's night out" she squealed with delight. She planned it
right away. First she figured out where she would host "Parents Nights Out". She could have it at her house but that wouldn't be a good idea since she
didn't want strangers knowing where she lived. She asked her parents, "Where can I host the parents night

Free Radical Research Paper
Free radicals are groups of atoms, molecules, or ions that possess an unpaired/unshared valence electron in their electron orbitals. Due to this, many
radicals are very reactive because they want to reach a stable state. They can be classified as oxidants or reductants depending on whether they accept
electrons from other atoms or donate atoms. Free radicals can be produced by natural processes such as metabolism. They are also generated from
foods that we eat, water, medication, etc.
Free radicals are essential to the human body because they are important components of the immune system and they also assist the body with the
production of chemical energy. However, they can be dangerous. A freeradical can take an an electron from another

Social Conflict Theory Paper
Criminology is a multi–disciplinary profession that encompasses systematic scientific research to study crime and criminals. Criminology consists of
countless topics and theories. One of the most popular debated topics in criminology today is the application of Social Conflict Theories as they are
related to crime. One of the key ideologies be hide any social conflict theory is the conflict perspective. This standpoint states that societal or social
conflict can never truly be resolved because it riddled with tension and strife (Turner, n.d.). One of the most notorious writers on social conflict was
Karl Marx a nineteenth century sociologist. Marx was a revolutionist and heavily sought to dismantle big business and capitalism (History, ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Where the solution to further crime is based on the restoration of the community, the victim, and the offender (Schmalleger, 2015). The balanced and
restorative justice model explains how all three these subunits of society can be balanced and restored. The first is accountability where any loss to the
victim or the community will be restored by the offender (Schmalleger, 2015). The second that community protection where the community has the
right to be secure therefore the justice system must provide the intervention methods to the offender (Schmalleger, 2015). The last is competency
development where the idea that when the offender leaves the justice system they can be a productive member of society (Schmalleger, 2015). These
three ideas are the fundaments to help further prevent and reduce crime with peaceful resolution

Where are the Radical Feminists?
Where are the Radical Feminist?
A review of the available literature provides a wealth of examples of authors advocating women movement or feminism essential for defending the
rights of women in a vast array of society across the globe. Feminism reflects "a world view that values women and that confronts systematic
injustices based on gender" (Chinn & Wheeler, 1985, p. 74). The oppression of women had existed a long time ago and is still evident today and it is
not a new issue in today's society. Radical feminism attributes the oppression of women to men. Male power must be analyzed and understood and not
reduced to other explanations, such as labor relations. Cultural feminism has been critiqued, because it provides moral grounding for ... Show more
In a basic structure of a family, this inequality is common because the men act as the head of the family who has authority and autonomic influence
over his family with little consideration of his counterpart. I generally think that this act is far from rational in today's modern society. Women now
is not merely a tool of men to produce offspring and whose sole duty to raise them. They too have the right to work as equal as the men in the family
and that the duty of raising the child should be done together. Studies show a well bonded father and youngsters had a positive effect that could last
for over 20 years. "Our detailed 20–year review shows that overall, children reap positive benefits if they have active and regular engagement with a
father figure" stated Anna Sarkadi, of Sweden's Uppsala University. In accordance to that, men too share the same responsibility as women in raising
their child which put them as equals in this matter as what radical feminism had fought of.
Men's Superiority Challenged?
Now, as we all know, men are the key features in today's society in terms of politics, education and economy. They have the power and influence over
all these aspect regardless of where we are in this world. Due to this, women are constantly denied the right of gaining the positions of power or even
their influence in a society .According to urbandictionary.com ,

Rat Model Of Depression : Induced By Daily I.p
In the present study, rat model of depression was induced by daily i.p. injection of reserpine for 15 days. This was followed by monitoring the
motor activity to check the development of rat model of depression. Then the depressed rats were treated with cannabis extract to study its effect on
this model. After 15 days of daily reserpine injection a significant decrease in the motor activity was recorded as assessed by the open field test
(OFT). Together with the hunch back appearance that was observed after 15 days, these behavioral changes indicate the development of rat model of
depression which was maintained by daily i.p. injection for another 15 days. After 30 days of daily reserpine injections the significant changes in the
OFT parameters and hunch back appearance persisted and were similar to that have been observed after 15 days of resrpine treatment. In addition to the
motor deficits, the present depletion in the cortical and hippocampal monoamine levels induced by reserpine confirms the development of rat model of
depression. Since, the central deficiencies in serotonin, norepinphrine and/or dopamine have been postulated as the main cause for the pathogenesis of
depression (Schechter et al., 2005) Our results were consistent with the study of Antkiewicz–Michaluk et al., (2014) who found that the treatment with
a low dose of reserpine induced a distinct depressive–like behavior in the FST, motor impairment, and additionally a significant decrease in the level of

Radical Changes On The Views Of Buddhism

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