choice mode of transport

1. Transport Geography
Choice of mode of Transport
Pavithra senthilkumar,
Msc.,geography,
Mk university,
Madurai.

2. Introduction
• TRANSPORT is responsible for the physical movement
of materials between points in the supply chain.
• At the heart of logistics are transport vehicles moving
goods between suppliers and customers.

5. Mode of Transport
• The mode of transport describes the type of
transport used.
• There are basically five different options;
*Rail * Road * Air
* Water * Pipeline

7. Rail
• Most commonly used for heavy and bulky loads
over long land journeys.
• They are almost invariably public carriers rather
than private carriers.
• The rail service is not nationalised, it is allowed
a monopoly.

10. Advantage of Rail
• Rail is that once the infrastructure is in place, it
has very high capacity and low unit costs.
• Railway is the safest form of transport.
• Railways perform many public utility services.
• Unit transport cost is low.

13. Disadvantage of Rail
• Its inflexibility.
• Trains can only travel along specified routes
between fixed terminals, and cannot stop at
intermediary points.
• Obvious limitation of only being used on land.
• Rail transport cannot provide door to door
service.

16. Road
• The most widely used mode of transport and is
used at least somewhere in almost all supply
chains.
• Road transport can normally carry loads up to,
say, 20–30 tonnes.

19. Advantage of Road
• Main benefit is flexibility, being able to visit
almost any location.
• Travel speed can be an important consideration.
• Use extensive road networks.
• Large number of carriers working in the same
areas.
• Easy to monitor location of goods.

22. Disadvantage of Road
• These become relatively expensive,so road
transport is generally used for shorter distances.
• Used for delivering finished goods than bulky raw
materials.
• Lorries are particularly vulnerable to congestion
and traffic delays.
• Obvious limitation of only being used on land

25. Different types of road vehicle
• Delivery vans
• Flat-bed lorries
• Box-bodied lorries
• Articulated lorries
• Lorry and trailer

26. Delivery vans

28. Flat-bed lorries

30. Box-bodied lorries

32. Articulated lorries

34. Lorry and trailer

36. Water
• Most supply chains use shipping to cross the
oceans , over 90% of world trade is moved by sea
(UK, Australia , USA..)

39. Advantage of Water
• Ideal for transporting heavy and bulky goods.
• Suitable for products with long lead times.
• Cheapest traffic means Requires cheap motor
powers than for airplanes.

40. Disadvantage of Water
• Longer lead/delivery times and slow.
• Difficult to monitor exact location of goods in
transit.
• Its inflexibility in being limited to appropriate
ports.
• Transfers to ships take time.

43. Basically three types of water
transport;
• Rivers and Canals
• Coastal Shipping
• Ocean Transport

44. Rivers and Canals

45. Coastal Shipping

46. Ocean Transport

47. Different types of vessel
• General cargo ships
• Bulk carriers
• Tankers
• Container ships
• Ferries
• Barges
• Combination ships

48. General cargo ships

49. Bulk carriers

50. Tankers

51. Container ships

52. Ferries

53. Barges

54. Combination ships

55. Air
• Passengers account for most airline business,
with eight billion passenger kilometres flown a
year in the UK.

58. Avantage of Air
• Main advantage is speed of delivery.
• Useful for Cargo companies For ex; Yurtici , UPS ,
Aras etc..

61. Disavantage of Air
• Transfers to plane take time in the airport.
• It is costly transport.
• Competition can also be fierce.
• Weight limits is prevent carrying amount of
materials .

64. Pipeline
• The main uses of pipelines are oil and gas
together with the utilities of water and sewage.
• They can also be used for a few other types of
product such as pulverised coal in oil.

67. Advantage of Pipeline
• Moving large quantities over long distances.
• Cheapest way of moving liquids For ex; oil and
gas.
• Local networks can add flexibility by delivering
to a wide range of locations.

69. Disadvantage of Pipeline
• Being slow.
• Inflexible.
• Only carrying large volumes of certain types of
fluid.
• Huge initial investment of building dedicated
pipelines.

72. From World, Transport mode

73. Choice of Mode
• Choice of mode depends on a variety of factors .
The main ones are the nature of materials to
move, the volume and distance.

74. Other factors include:
• Value of materials
• Importance
• Transit times,
• Reliability
• Cost and flexibility to negotiate rates
• Reputation and stability of carrier
• Security, loss and damage
• Schedules and frequency of delivery

75. Ranking for the cost, speed, flexibility and
load limits of different modes of transport