Steel Mill City Case Study

Steel Mill City Case Study
Prevention, Intervention, or Consultation: The Case of the Steel Mill City The Case of the Steel Mill
City elaborates on the issue of teenage pregnancy, which has increased as a result from economical
opportunities decreasing within the town. In order to try and rectify the issue local clinics and high
schools are addressing teen sexuality in the junior year Health curriculum through an "abstinence
only" program that provides a general overview of human reproductive biology. Though this
proactive method was used to reduce this issue, a famous teenager from the town, who recently
publicized she had a child, has inspired many other teenagers to feel content about their teenage
pregnancies. The town is now enraged about this announcement, stating ... Show more content on
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The consultant must present this information to not only juniors within the town but to students of
younger grades and to their parents as well. The consultant must exemplify at least three skills or
characteristics, which might make them effective in treating this town's teenager issue, which
include interpersonal skills, communication skills, and problem–solving skills. Interpersonal skills
might include creating an empathetic environment through social influence that is conducive toward
collaboration, so that all parties are inspired to make a change. This may be accomplished by
displaying one's concern through school assemblies or town meetings. Consultants must make sure
that they exercise communicational skills through active listening, in depth questioning and by
providing helpful information of how these town members may be helped. This would include
problem–solving interventions such as examining the conditions surrounding the problem,
implementing solutions that are appropriate to particular conditions or evaluating the effects of
problem solving techniques and making modifications to ensure the effectiveness of various
solutions (Dougherty,
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Tata Steel Group, Their Ecological And Health Hazards
Dynamic
The reason for this study is to highlight on the basic parts of any business, breaking down the three
distinct parts of Tata steel Group, their ecological and Health hazards, their Business Ethics, their
employment and destinations security lastly their staff wellbeing. Tata attempted to employ an outer
organization to convey and cover the three dangers at their destinations and the outcome was
promising to the point that the organization is having now a more streamlined, yet greatly expert and
hearty, security arrangement set up and things are solid for the future crosswise over Europe.
Presentation
Tata Steel is the second biggest steel maker in Europe and has its principle steelmaking plants in the
UK and Holland. It supplies steel and related administrations to significant commercial enterprises,
for example, development, vehicle generation and bundling. The European operations are a backup
of Tata Steel Group, one of the world 's main ten steel makers. The consolidated Group has around
80,000 workers. (http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/administration/Log–Mar/Management–
Functions.html)
The Tata Steel Group is one of the world 's most topographically differentiated steel makers, with
operations in 26 nations and business workplaces in
more than 50 nations. The Group serves various and requesting markets
around the world, including car, development, vitality and power, lifting and
exhuming, rail, bundling, aviation, safeguard and security and

Internal Weakness Of Tata Steel
Internal Analysis of Tata Steel Strengths of Tata Steel
Abundant Resources of iron ore: Tata Steel has abundant resources of iron ore in India and across
the world too in various other countries. They have mines at four locations in India at Noamundi,
Joda , Khondbond, Katamati. All these mines are located in Jharkhand and Odisha.
Noamundi is a world class open cast ore mine equipped with latest technology.
Apart from these Tata Steel has iron ore projects in Canada, Mozambique, South Africa and Ivory
Coast.
Low cost production and cheap labour: Tata Steel has done downward integration and is thus able to
produce steel at low cost due to easy availability of iron ore for its steel plants. Tata Steel also pays
attention to the operational costs.
Global Competitiveness through Mergers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In turn electricity production is also dependent on coal. So, coal is the most widely used source of
energy in India for heavy industries. In the scenario of electricity or coal costs rising Tata Steel
would face.
Dependence on manufacture of steel making machinery from abroad : India lags behind on facilities
for producing machinery for steel production to be installed in steel plants. All the steel producing
firms including Tata Steel have to import almost all the machinery and equipment to be installed in
the plants from other countries. This tends to push up the set up costs to be investing while setting
up the plants. China on the other hand has a hub of such capital industries which gives them cost
advantage.
Opportunities for Tata Steel
Huge infrastructure demand: According to a PWC report Asian infrastructure market will be about
60% of the whole world. India is on the path to become the manufacturing hub in its endeavours to
overtake China in that

Steel Mill Essay
In doing research on government price controlled products I found that in the 1950's during the
Korean War the government placed a quota on the steel mills in the United States. During this time
the steel industry was vulnerable to government control do to the fact that steel was a vital part in
the production of military equipment, and supplies. So the United States government established
quotas at low prices, as well as that the steel mills must meet the quota set by the government to be
able to sell steel to the private market. The steel mill owners would not agree to this unless the
wages of their employees were controlled in a similar way. In this case the steel industry had no
reason to grow their operations in achieving the government's quotas at the cost of loss in profit's. At
this time the only way to keep inflation down was holding down wages to achieve any kind of
profit. The steel union was about to strike when President Truman declared that steel ... Show more
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Once this happened the struggling steel industry, was unable to obtain scrap steel to make things like
automobiles and food cans once to government quotas were met. At this point no new steel was
entering into the steel market and the military began running out of necessary equipment and
supplies. The government stepped in to aid the steel industry again, by threatening to resize the steel
industry under legal grounds. With this the government was able to bring the steel mill owners to the
table, to discuss prices controls as well as personnel wage increase. Both the government and the
steel mill owners reach an agreement and the steel mills once again started producing necessary
goods. The economic implication of this price control was that the war efforts in Korea were of the
highest priority no matter the cost. I do support the idea of price control because without it prices
and wages would be all over the

Supply chain management Essay
Case 9
Eastern Waves, Inc.
Summary
Mr. Patton, vice–president of purchasing for Code C, Inc., is concerned about a price increase from
a Malaysian supplier. Last summer Code C was celebrating a 60 percent cost reduction based on
replacing their major specialty steel supplier with Eastern Waves, in Kuantan, Malaysia. Eastern
Waves is a small steel manufacturing company in Malaysia. It has several plants in Malaysia and
China and produces various downstream steel products such as angle steel, I–beam, and round bar.
The angle steel plant is located in Kuantan, Malaysia. The production method of the angle steel is
called continuous rolling, and the key raw material ingredient for angle steel production is billets.
When operating ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Global vs. domestic Sourcing
The costs of global sourcing include some of the same costs found in domestic sourcing; there are
also costs that are different. The major cost categories are administrative, exclusively foreign and
common costs.
1. Administrative Costs
Administrative costs of foreign sourcing include identification, qualification, program development,
travel, broker fees and others that are not directly involved with the product. Some of these costs are
common to both the domestic and international aspects of sourcing.
2. Exclusively foreign costs
Exclusively foreign costs are those that would not be incurred if a domestic source were used.
Examples of these costs are duty charges, customs fees, import fees and currency exchange costs.
Ocean and air freight could be mentioned, but these are part of the transportation costs of a good
that would be incurred from any source. In the case of Eastern Waves, exclusively foreign costs are
established by governments and are very difficult to avoid.
3. Common Costs
Finally, there are those costs that are common to both global and domestic sourcing. Direct labor

and materials costs, lead–time costs, transportation costs and inventory costs are a part of both
domestic and offshore sourcing. Transportation costs, inventory costs, and lead–time costs tend to be
higher when sourcing globally. On the

Nucor Corporation 's Making Nuclear Instruments
Nucor Corporation got its start in the 1950's making nuclear instruments as well as electronic
products. It struggled for many years and by 1964 was facing bankruptcy. Around the mid 1960's it
was decided that it was best for the company to exit its current market and focus on its profitable
Vulcraft subsidiary steel joint business. In 1968, management then made the decision to integrate
backward into steelmaking. In 2012, Nucor was the largest manufacturer of steel and steel products
in North America.
Alongside Nucor's low–cost strategy, it places emphasis on innovative steelmaking technologies to
reduce environmental waste, increased efficiency and production innovation. However, Nucor has
had some struggles financially over the past ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The single largest costs for Nucor is raw materials, scrap metal and scrap substitutes. All of its steel
mills use recycled scrap metal to make steel products. 1.1 tons of scrap and scrap substitutes are
required to produce 1 ton of steel. As the biggest user of scrap metal in North America, it is
imperative that it gains better control over its costs of raw materials (Attachment C.) Market
demand–supply conditions fluctuate significantly in the steel market, and directly drive scrap prices.
Scrap and scrap substitute price averages increased by 57.6% from 2007 to 2008. Although prices
did decrease by 30.8% the next year, by 2011 prices showed a total increase of 58% since 2007
(Attachment D.) The unpredictable nature of the raw materials needed to produce its products makes
close monitoring of Nucor's pricing strategy each year essential to maintaining the company's
profitability. The company uses continuous innovation practices as well as technological
advancements in its production processes as ways to offset the costs of the volatile market prices
while attempting to maintain its low costs (Attachment C.) Another challenge for Nucor is
competition from foreign suppliers. The competition in the U.S steel market is highly competitive
with pressure from many domestic as well as foreign firms (Attachment B.) However, Nucor's most
challenging threat in the U.S market is foreign steelmakers exporting to the U.S. Many of these
foreign companies receive subsidies from

Metamorphosis of Tata Steel -the Challenges of Change...
METAMORPHOSIS OF TATA STEEL
–THE CHALLENGES OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT
"There is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct, or more uncertain in its
success, than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things."
– Niccolo Machiavelli
The Prince (1532)
"In times of rapid change, experience could be your worst enemy."
– J. Paul Getty
INTRODUCTION
1. Tata Steel is the largest steel company of the country and at present stands as the 10th largest steel
firm in the world. The company with its headquarters in Jamshedpur operates in 20 countries with a
presence in about 50 countries across the world. The past few years has seen Tata Steel growing
from strength to strength through the path of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is essential to keep this as the backdrop to discuss the change management at Tata Steel, to
assimilate the entire process and appreciate why it is rated as one of the most difficult change
brought in the history of any industry in the country.
WINDS OF CHANGE–THE INESCAPABLE ROUTE
The Necessity
6. The Indian trade, industry and economy had been stagnating in the years preceding 1991 due to
Govt regulating the industry, and state protection policies of licensing, high tariffs and administered
prices. These protectionist policies made our industries complacent and curtailed the competitive
spirit of the firms, making them inefficient in the intensely competitive global market. The state of
Indian economy was in such doldrums that there was a necessity for the Indian Govt to implement
drastic fiscal policies and a controlled deregulation.
7. The Economic Turnaround of 1991. The state of the Indian economy made the govt realise that
they could no more remain isolated from the world economy, and therefore, brought in economic
liberalisation and free economy. Deregulation, free flow of goods within and outside the country and

encouragement of foreign technology became the order of the day. The new policies brought in a
fierce competition, which epitomised the age old dictum of 'survival of the fittest'. Many firms were
forced to close shop because of obsolescence of their product or technology and lack of skills to

Why Nucor Is Made Up Of More Than The Most Profitable Steel
Nucor takes a simple approach to succeeding in the industry of steel. At its mini mills, Nucor
produces hot– and cold–rolled steel, steel joists, and metal buildings. It has the capability to produce
more than 26 million tons of steel a year. Being one of North America's largest recycler of scrap
metal, it produces steel by melting scrap in electric arc furnaces. Most products are sold to steel
service centers, manufactures, and fabricators. Subsidiary Harris Steel fabricates rebar for highways
and bridges and other construction projects. Its David J. Joseph Company unit processes and broken
metals, pig iron, hot briquetted iron, and direct reduced iron. In 2014 Nucor recycled 19 million tons
of scrap steel.
Their mission is as follows: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bargaining power of buyers is increased and bargaining power of suppliers is increased. Increased
supplier bargaining power leads to increased prices of suppliers. The threat of new entrants is
lowered in the industry environment. The have attained great success in cost control by using
business process automation to automate processes in order to contain costs. More keys to their
success are organizational behavior, technology and processes in order fulfillment, distribution and
production, and carefully chosen as joint ventures.
Nucor is an industry leader in innovation and minimization of pollution and production cost. They
have a calculated risk taking culture, lean management, standard and poor mentioned that Nucor is
the only company which is indisputably healthy. They have more bargaining power and larger
contracts. On the other hand, they have a high dependence on the US domestic market and limited
diversification and no worldwide presence. They could enter the Asia–Europe market through joint
ventures. They could use horizontal integrations or acquisitions to improve market position and
vertical integration with the nuclear plants to enable the low– cost energy to produce steel products.
They should watch out for rising raw material and labor cost, threats from Chinese and other foreign
players entering US markets and the demand declining in US real estate post sub–prime crisis. The
driving forces that are present are

Reformation And Riots. Throughout History, There Have Been
Reformation and Riots Throughout history, there have been reforms and revolts of every stripe.
However the most notable would be the renovations that took place in the nineteenth century and the
riots that soon followed those changes. An example of these mentioned the radicals that had been
involved in the civil unrest that had been caused by the poor working conditions and low wages of
factory workers. This triggered retaliation by the "captains of industry" from the likes of Andrew
Carnegie and Rockefeller. The issues of riots the factors are long hours, poor working conditions,
and the threat of losing a job from going on strike, and low wages. If you were a worker in this ...
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As a consequence, of a steel mill owner like Andrew Carnegie, only caring about how to keep the
mill running efficiently and keeping costs low, many of these "robber barons' resolved this problem
by squeezing the amount of money that running the mill would be or having to replace machinery.
Instead, they kept the old machinery; this eventually leads to most American steel companies to go
out of business later down the line. American steel finally ran its course, as other countries began to
develop and have their industrial revolutions. These countries soon would pass up the American
steel industry and replace American as the leader in steelmaking and production. Because of the
horrid working conditions, many workers went on strike the demonstrate their unrest at the
dangerous situations in the factories and of course the long hours. Unfortunately, the moment that
the workers decided to go on strike they were instantly fired from their jobs. However, some
employees disagreed with the strikers and decided to go to work. These people were known as
"scabs" along with the scabs, factory managers hired immigrants to replace the employees that have
been fired for going on strike. The constant threat of losing a job for going on strike was always
there for factory employees. An example of this would be the Haymarket riot in which many
workers walked out of the plants, and decided to

Structural Steel And Sustainability Of Construction Materials
Structural Steel and Sustainability The sustainability of construction materials is a huge topic in
today's world of engineering. Finding a way to improve the efficiency, costs, and environmental
impact of construction is a key discussion topic. When it comes to structural steel being used today,
our society is pushing towards the use of "green" steel. This term is used to represent the life cycle
of steel as well as the production of structural steel. While most construction materials differ
significantly from one another, structural steel is manufactured from recycled materials, but only at
a limited number of locations. Another important aspect of green steel is the cradle–to–cradle
process that it goes through. The cradle–to–cradle ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over ninety percent of structural steel is able to be obtained from recycled materials; only two
percent of steel goes into landfills after the use of its lifetime, while the other ninety–eight percent is
used again for other buildings and needs. One thing to keep in mind is that once the steel is recycled,
it does not lose any of its attributes and is not considered to be down–cycled. Structural steel is able
to maintain all of it characteristics and can be used to build just about anything. Not only do
buildings being constructed today have recycled steel from old structures, but they can also contain
material from old vehicles and appliances. A very important component of recycling structural steel
is mill production. The cradle–to–cradle nature of steel has caused an increase in efficiency and
waste utilization of steel mills. The recycling process has improved so much over the years that we
are even able to capture the dust that is produced in the process and in turn use it to our advantage.
Mill production has become very efficient and will only improve as our electric grid improves. As
the electric grids across the United States become more renewable, we will in turn be able to
decrease the carbon footprint left behind by steel production. Since 1980, we have been able to
produce the same amount of steel at almost twelve hours faster. Today we are able to produce

Steel Piano : The Background Of The Film Steel Piano
After being laid off, the factory worker, Chen guilin, organized a band on his own, and was
struggling to maintain his life in the business of Weddings and Funerals and Store opened. His wife,
xiao ju, ran away from home and turned to a wealthy counterfeit drug dealer, who was now
returning to home, not only to divorce from Chen guilin, but also to fight for the custody of their
only daughter. Chen guilin lamented the fate of his failure and was bent on cultivating her daughter
into a pianist. To get his daughter, he raised money to buy the piano, even with his girlfriend Sue
Sandy and the steel mill's good buddies to steal the school's piano at night. When all the methods
failed, Chen guilin accidentally found a Russian literature on the piano, so called on the partners
began the journey of hand–made piano in the already dilapidated plant.
The background of film "Steel Piano" is a heavy industry city in northeast China, and the film hue is
the autumn and winter color of all things fading, withered green vegetation, dirty, run–down plant,
gloomy sunless city, there is no hint of green and vitality to make people comfortable. Once spirited
working class, once thriving state–owned enterprises, once the harmonious family. But today,
workers are struggling to survive, and the factories are left with debris and the family has broken
down. No matter to that person or group of people, this era seems to have not favored them, snubbed
them, abandoned them, until forget them. Wife

Nucor at a Crossroads
On December 7, 1986, F. Kenneth Iverson, chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Nucor
Corporation, awaited a delegation from SMS . Iverson had to decide whether to commit Nucor to a
new steel mill that would commercialize thin–slab casting technology developed by SMS.
Preliminary estimates indicated that the mill would cost $280, and that start–up expenses and
working capital of $30 million each would push the total cost to $340 million.
Successful commercialization of thin–slab casting would let Nucor enter the flat sheet segment that
accounted for half the U.S. market for steel.
The U.S. Market for Steel
In 1986, U.S. producers shipped 70 million tons of steel mill products. Subtracting exports of one ...
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By the second half of the 1970s, the market for low–end structural products was beginning to reach
saturation. Minimills responded by looking for new market outlets. The more aggressive ones
expanded beyond their traditional 200–300 mile, typically by acquiring existing mills or by adding
large new ones with up to several hundred thousand tons of steelmaking capacity. They also began
to move into new product segments.
They accounted for 16% of domestic steelmaking capacity. up from 7% in 1975. and a slightly
higher percentage of domestic shipments. While 36 companies operated a total of 51 mini steel
plants, 43% of all minimill steelmaking capacity was controlled by the five largest competitors:
Nucor Corporation
Nucor 's roots went back to 1904 when Ransom Eli Olds, resigned from Olds Motor Works, It
emerged from reorganization as Reo Motors, a manufacturer of trucks and, eventually, luxury
lawnmowers. Reo Motors neither made nor lost much money. In 1954, it sold off all its assets, at a
15% book loss, and began to distribute the proceeds–approximately $16 million–to its shareholders.
Takeover prevented Reo from

Nucor Case Analysis Essay
Nucor Corporation Case Analysis
Section 1: Recommendations
Recommendation 1: To expand more internationally by building plants in lower property taxed areas
with low tariffs to ship products out.
Recommendation 2: To put in place job descriptions for employees. By doing this it will save Nucor
litigation fees and troubles if something arises in the workplace between the employee and Nucor
about job duties, injuries, etc.
Recommendation 3: Other than expanding internationally, Nucor should make joint ventures with
suppliers to keep the cost down of the product. A lot of scrap that is used is imported so it would be
a good idea for Nucor to utilize that to reduce costs of making their products.
Section 2: Problem(s)
Even ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another recommendation that I have for Nucor is instead of buying existing plant capacity, make
new plants elsewhere or form a joint venture with a supplier to help save money. (Exhibit 3) This
would decrease cost of supplies so they would have the extra money to build elsewhere or build a ne
plant. By using the SWOT analysis (Exhibit 1) it let me break up Nucor into different parts to see
what their strengths and weaknesses are. Nucor is solid with technology and treating the employees
correct but the weaknesses that affect Nucor are more market based with some internal problems.
Nucor has products for many different industries including automotive and housing. This can cause
issues for Nucor if those industries take a fall, which they have over the last 5 years. It's a good idea
to be in these industries but Nucor has to realize what can happen to sales and revenues when one or
both of those industries take a fall. Nucor has been expanding more in the United States, recently
just building a plant in Louisiana (Exhibit 5). This plant will be a 750 million dollar purchase and
will be a mill for pig iron. Nucor is expanding all over the United States but needs more presence
internationally plan and simple. Nucor is a solid company with shareholder equity increasing each
year; they have a solid stock in the NASDAQ market and continue to be a healthy steel company.
They can and will

Blood On The Forge Analysis
Exploitation of African Americans Seen in Southern and Northern Environments as Accurately
Depicted in Attaway's Blood on the Forge
William Attaway's novel, Blood on the Forge, displays a family torn apart as a product of systematic
exploitation. In the compelling narrative, the Moss brothers, Big Mat, Chinatown, and Melody,
migrate to the north in motivation of Big Mat committing the murder of his riding boss. As they
begin to adjust, their perception of the north's assumed and rumored opportunities quickly conforms
to the reality of what is actually offered. Through plot lines of the very act of migrating, acclimating
to regenerated labor and norms, and, finally, the dissolution of the brothers' identities and close
family connection, it is observed that their exodus to the north is just as empty of benefits as the
south. Attaway accomplishes depicting an accurate account of the contrasting exploitation that
occurred in both the north and the south by portraying the Moss brothers' demise as a result of their
migration from a systematic, rural setting to an industrial, diminishing, and, ultimately, unfamiliar
environment along with how the two regions parallel in similarities concerning economical and
social consequences, permanently affecting the brothers altogether mentally and physically. Where
there was great potential for a rebirth of opportunity and success, the result was a contrasting reality
of misery and permanent damage.
Attaway subtlety foreshadows the mandatory reformation, hard labor, and levels of exploitation that
were to come in the depiction of how the Moss brothers were transported to the north. They were
"bunched up like hogs headed for market," heading into the unknown (Attaway 38). Attaway ties a
few key moments of historical allusion in the description of this particular mode of transportation.
To put in context, when Africans were relocated over to America for the purpose of serving as
slaves, the transportation was quite similar. It was dark and crowded, just as Attaway describes this
scene. "Warm urine began to flow" as they had no choice but to relieve themselves just as the
Africans had no other option but to alleviate their bladders (Attaway 38). The stark imagery of the

How a Steel Mill Works
How A Steel Mill Works
The principal consumables employed in steel production are iron ore, coal, scrap metal and
electrical energy. The importance of each of these consumables depends upon the technological
processes adopted at each mill. In a classic integrated mill, coal and iron ore are the main
consumables.
In semi–integrated mills, scrap iron is the mainstay.
An integrated mill comprises four basic operations – reduction, refining, solidification, and rolling –
to convert iron ore into semi–finished or finished (rolled) steel products.
Reduction The objective is to convert iron ore – naturally occurring in the form of ferrous oxide –
into pig iron.
In this operation, a coker converts coal into coke that is
then ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Among these are refractories, electrodes, and alloying elements.
Refractories are materials that work as thermal isolators and are used to coat critical steel mill
equipment such as blast furnaces, ladles, and converters.
Their main function is to protect the equipment from extreme temperatures and to minimize wear
and tear.
Electrodes constitute an important input in the operation of electric steel mills.
Alloying elements Metals such as zinc, tin, chrome and aluminum are employed in steel alloy
production.
A steel mill uses industrial gases extensively. In addition to the jet of oxygen–fed converters in
integrated mills, oxygen is frequently injected into blast furnaces and electric furnances to improve
overall operating conditions. Given the volume of oxygen utilized, steel mills usually house one or
more oxygen producing units. This used to be integrated vertically into the steelworks themselves.
However, in recent years, initiatives have been widely employed to outsource this operation to
specialized companies.
There are also non–integrated manufacturers which operate via a single processing phase: reduction
or rolling.
In the first case are pig iron producers, the so–called ironers, that utilize coal in blast furnaces to
make pig iron. In the second case are the re–rollers of plates and billets acquired from integrated or

The Steel Industry in the USA
The Steel Industry in the USA Steel has been part of the greatest achievements in history. It was the
"iron horse" and steel rails that helped carve a nation out of the frontier. Steel is the backbone of
bridges, the skeleton of skyscrapers and the framework of automobiles. Now in the 21st century, it is
still revolutionizing the way we live. It is high strength frames for eyeglasses; it is a strong durable
frame in housing and it's precise surgical instruments used in hospital operating rooms around the
world. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For the workers, modernization has meant learning new skills to operate sophisticated equipment.
Competition also has resulted in increasing specialization of steel production as various producers
attempt to capture different niches in the market. As international and domestic competition
continue for U. S steel producers, the nature of the industry and the jobs of its workers are expected
to continue to change.
Domestic steel prices declined significantly during 1998 and 1999, allegedly because of dumping of
subsidized, low–priced steel products onto the U.S market by foreign producers. The steel industry
appealed to the Government for vigorous enforcement of trade laws in response to the alleged
dumping and received support from the U.S. Department of Commerce in the form of antidumping
duty margins against several countries. Later, the International Trade Commission ruled against the
industry claiming that the industry did not suffer irreparable damage from the extra imports. (4)
The U. S Antidumping Act of September 8, 1916 allows civil actions and criminal proceedings to be
brought against importers who "commonly and systematically' have imported or sold foreign–
produced goods in the United States at prices which are 'substantially less' than the prices at which
the same products are sold in a relevant foreign market, provided that such action is

Out Of This Furnace By Thomas Bell Essay
"Out of this Furnace" is a fictional novel by Thomas Bell which is based on true events from the
18th century. It is a well–written tale of Slovak immigrants who came to the United States in search
of better opportunities than they had in their old country. The story revolves around four main
characters: Djuro Kracha, Kracha's daughter Mary, Mary's husband, Mike Dobrejcak, and, their son
Dobie. As history tells us, many early immigrants who moved to America had either of these
motives: financial prosperity, social status and societal freedom. Similarly, as the story unfolds, we
see that all of these characters became subject to harsh conditions and that each of them went
through their own version of struggle. This novel has succeeded in enlightening us about the great
effort that these Slovak immigrants made against the issues that encountered them in America. They
faced numerous hardships in the form of underpaid and unsafe jobs, poor residence and other types
of inequalities. Kracha, like most of the immigrants, moved to America by boat in 1881 for financial
growth, because of the opportunities in his old country, Hungary, were too scarce for him to climb
the financial ladder. He had a wife back at home, who at the time was pregnant. During this time,
America opened its borders to a wave of immigrants, who were mainly inexperienced laborers. As
America was stepping into the age of industrialization, the demand for cheaper labor went up and
therefore, to meet this

Case Study: ABC Corp-Process Analysis And Refinement?
PART 1: CASE STUDY
ABC Corp–Process Analysis and Refinement
Mr. Ram was sitting in his office at ABC Corp and reflecting upon the growth that his company has
seen in the past two decades. ABC Corp was started in a small space to produce steel tubes for XYZ
Steel Ltd. Now the company has three milling sections and even caters to the slitting requirements
of the other companies.
Although the company is doing well, but most the revenues are dependent on the orders from XYZ
Steel. In addition to this, the steel industry is facing a turndown in past few quarters. Therefore, Mr
Ram was thinking about how to minimise the impact of this slowdown and make optimum use of
the existing capacity at the production site.
Mr. Ram called in his operations ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
New airports, metro rail lines, telecom towers, new age buses (used as frame for bus bodies) and
malls provide untapped potential for the ERW Pipe industry to expand. The industry has responded
through capacity expansion and reach. The domestic opportunity for the new applications is
expected to cross one million tonnes.
ABC Corp
ABC Corp is a privately company since June 2007. It is an Indian Non–Government Company and
registered at Registrar of Companies, Jharkhand. ABC Corp is involved in the manufacture of steel
products; steel tubes and CTL sheets. The company has increased its capacity from 150 tonnes/year
in 1997 to 4200 tonnes/year in 2015. On an average, the company dispatches 150 tonnes of pipes
every day.
This company is the steel tube manufacturer for XYZ Steel, a giant steel company in India. The steel
company has outsourced coil cutting and pipe manufacturing to many such industries. In the month
beginning ABC Corp gets order for the steel tubes. This order consists of different SKUs and their
respective quantities. Based on this order, ABC Corp orders rolled coils from XYZ Steel and then
plan its schedule for coil slitting and pipe

Steel Mill Immigrants of Industrial America Essay
Steel Mill Immigrants of Industrial America
For many Americans, the late nineteenth century was a time of big business, marked by economic
and social evolution. In the period between the 1880 and 1920, the American economy was growing
at a rapid pace. Many European immigrants without industrial skills flooded into American factories
and steel mills. These "new comer's" came in search of better economic opportunity, which paved
the way for Heavy, low paying labor that became the job description of the era for many
immigrants. One such story of immigrants of the time is Thomas Bell's Out of this Furnace. This not
only a story of three generations of Slovaks and the challenges they faced but also about the
Americanization and "evolving ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Trapped by the constant work schedules and fear of losing their jobs, the men could only hope to
escape their daily routine and "tell the mills to go to hell"(33).
In the novel, Kracha's family is a full one. He has three daughters and a world of problems at home.
Despite this he refuses to waste away at the mill after a couple of years. So he sees opportunity, and
becomes a butcher. Unfortunately he fails at his attempts to climb the "ranks" economically. Kracha,
like most workers of the time, drowns him self in alcohol to hide from the problems of bills,
finances and taxes. Kracha's wife, Elena, had to take in boarders to lighten the economic load. This
is a typical practice of women in the mill towns. Not only did they take in boarders, but also they
took care of the house and had to raise the children wile sometimes taking odd jobs to make ends
meat.
The second part of the novel is about Mike Dobrejcak who married, Kracha's eldest daughter, Mary.
Mike is also a mill worker, migrated to America when he was still in his teens. This second
generation of Slovaks is becoming more aware of politics, and how important their votes are in
elections. With a greater understanding of the issues around them the second generation of
immigrants started to vote. Still working in the mills they hold fast to the American dream. Faced
with the same problems that the first generation had, now he

Nucor Corporation : The Face Of Innovation Essay
Nucor Corporation
Millennials The Face of Innovation
Nasheemah L. Kennedy
12/6/2016
Abstract
Nucor Corporation is an American producer of steel and related products founded in 1940 and
presently headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. Currently Nucor Corporation is the largest
mini mill steelmakers in the United States. Nucor also ranks as the largest steel producer in the
United States of America. Nucor prides itself on focusing on its commitment to the growth and their
team mates, the elimination of hierarchy in management as well as looking internally for innovative
ideas to remain technologically and economically competitive. Nucor attributes their success to their
team. So the questions I will propose in this paper is with the majority of the company's workforce
being skilled workers. Can a millennial be successful in a corporation of this magnitude? Will Their
innovative ideas be over shadowed by their inexperience?
The History
In 1905 Ransom E. Olds creator of the Oldsmobile left his company Olds Motor Works to form
REO Motor Company. This company evolved into the Nuclear Corporation of America which was
later named Nucor. REO had gained great success with its heavy reliance on defense contracts, until
the end of the Korean War in 1955. Due to the end of the war and defense contracts at that time REO
assets were merged with Nuclear Consultants Inc. to form Nuclear Corporation of America. In 1962
Nuclear Corp. acquired Vulcraft. Vulcraft was a

Itc Limited: Mission And Mission Of Itc Limited
ITC Limited or ITC is an Indian conglomerate established in 1910 and headquartered in Kolkata,
West Bengal. ITC is one of India's foremost enterprise in FMCG sector with an umbrella of brands.
Its market capitalisation is US $50 billion and a turnover of US $ 8 billion. ITC is considered one of
the best big companies and one of the world's most reputable companies.ITC's aspiration to create
value for the nation and its stakeholders is evident from its diverse and robust portfolio
encompassing Fast moving consumer goods (FMCG), Hotels, Paperboards, Packaging, Agri–
Business and Information Technology.
Within a short span of time, ITC has established itself as a market leader and many brands have
become a household name like Ashirvaad, Sunfeast, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By presenting current, inventive, multi–modular coordination's answers for customers over all
businesses, ITC is conveying modified arrangements with un–paralleled effectiveness.
ITC is set to wind up plainly the business pioneer for giving productive and imaginative answers for
Trucking, Freight Handling, Distribution, Supply Chain Management and Third–Party Logistics.
Media Partner: Maxus is the ITC media partner, sets up specialized Team ITC to service account.
Investors of ITC: Top Down Source: moneycontrol.com
ITC is focused on cultivating solid business connections by giving best in class offices lined up with
the necessities and needs of our customers.
We will probably fabricate durable organizations together with our clients, making our business an
augmentation of your business. By giving solid administration and support to customers, we
persistently advance the customer's best advantage and ensure the customer's prosperity turned into
our prosperity.
Some of the key client partner of ITC:
National Fertilizer Marketing Ltd.
Utility Stores Corporation Ltd.
Trading Corporation of Pakistan
Pakistan Steel

Nucor Case Analysis
Individual Case Analysis
BUS490 Comprehensive Examination
Nucor Steel Corporation
Written by: Lukas Kubilius
Professors: Bonnie J. Straight Julian J. Prewitt
Lithuania Christian College
2 March 2005
Overview of situation
Nucor Corporation with 24 plants/divisions and 8,000 employees, operated in nine states recycling
more than 10 million tons of scrap steel annually. Producing carboy and alloy steel in bars, beams,
sheet, and plate; steel joists and joist girders; steel deck; cold finished steel; steel fasteners; and
metal building systems, the corporation was known as the most modern and efficient, having
streamlined organizational structure, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
More attention to own business than to competitors is their strategy. South magazine observed that
Nucor is "stripped down, no nonsense" organization. It keeps maintaining low cost and efficiency,
which is the key to making profit in steel industry, by keeping the employee force at the level it
should be, empowering them, being totally honest, involving them in decision making process, and
using effective incentive compensation system.
Nucor's ten year goals are:
Achieving average annual earnings growth of 10%–15%.
Exceeding return on capital
Maintaining minimum 14% return on equity.
Delivering 8%–10% return on sales.
Becoming market leaders of every product group and business where they compete.
Key Issues and Problems
 Growth in troubled steel industry. How to sustain Nucor's earnings growth in the industry, which

has many marginal competitors and production overcapacity.
 Market position. How to protect and establish Nucor's market position.
 Organizational structure. Need for expanding size of executive management team and adding new
corporate layers in the corporation.
 Human Resource Management. Need for reanalyzing employee wages and bonus system.
Finances
A typical Gross profit margin depending on the industry may be 25 to 30%. Nucor's Gross profit
margin ratio indicates that industry is intense and cost of goods is one of the main of factor in
profitability. After examining the five year

Social Adversity In Out Of This Furnace
Literature helps mirror some of the issues that individuals face in the society. Authors use fictional
or real situations, in some cases, to demonstrate the extent to which a community suffers from
various injustices, which undermine wholesome optimal function in different sectors. Historically,
the United States has had issues with social inclusivity following oppression of immigrants, limited
opportunities for minority groupings, racism, discrimination, among other things. In his novel, Out
of This Furnace, Thomas Bell echoes the experiences of the Kracha family, where he chronicles the
various life experiences from one generation to the next. Bell centers on the life of steel workers and
their experiences in America. Despite ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One would actually be justified to assume that the steel mill company is representative of the unfair
treatment workers received from the various industries they worked for. In order to echo the
discrimination and oppression that immigrants experienced, Thomas H. Coode, in an essay, "Many
Miles to the Middle Class: Reflections on Three Narratives of Life in Mine and Mill Towns" states,
"Mike 's story, describes turn–of–the century steel mills as booming; but long and dangerous hours
in the mills deprive workers of family time, and poverty and meanness plague Slovak families
whose occupational ambitions compete with the ethnic prejudices of bosses and the corporations,"
(94). In this statement, Coode makes it clear that corporations during that time were not sensitive to
the welfare of their workers, which only means that they were only focused on making profit. They
sacrificed good working conditions and sustainable salaries for huge returns to enrich themselves.
Such is a demonstration of marginalization and oppression of the poor. It is evident that Mary and
her family suffer social exclusion, which undermined their wellbeing. In the novel, Mike talks
reflecting the true nature of the society in which they lived. He says, "But I'm a Hunky and they
don't give good jobs to Hunkies," (Bell, 185). This particular statement demonstrates the limiting
and oppressive nature of the American society. Putting this into context, Nancy Hewitt, in her book,
A

Steel Mills Of Pittsburgh Essay
For over half a century the Pittsburgh region was the largest concentration of steel making in the
world. Its collapse was spectacular. The mill towns strung along the Monongahela Valley have now
suffered forty years of decline. Much of their shabby infrastructure and buildings (at best homely
even in their prime) has decayed, most of their population has fled to the metropolitan suburbs or
left the region, and those that remain, for the most part poor, struggle or live off memories.
Regeneration is a continuing problem for public policy makers as the mill towns struggle on life–
support systems – public welfare for individual households; funding from federal, state and local
agencies for public services, projects and a plethora of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A deep sense of pride and a corresponding sense of mourning is easily found in the inhabitants of
any former steel city. There is also a profound fear of the future and a corresponding desire to find a
new path into it.
As in other famous social dislocations and up–rootings, in the end, what´s left in old steel towns are
those people who have stayed there and the institutions they keep alive. Sometimes they stayed
because no other option was available but often they remained by choice to stay among family,
friends and the remains of familiarity. Some feel defeated, but others struggle forward. In either
case, it´s these people who are the old steel cities greatest assets for the future.
Unfortunately, one of the legacies of steel is an environment, both social and physical, where the
needs of production often subjugated the health and well being of the people, just as the markets
invisible hand eventually subjugated entire cities. The struggle to overcome this negative legacy– to
use instead the positive legacies of community and willingness to work hard and to tap into the
resources created by the production of steel–At former steelmaking centers in Pittsburgh, Cleveland
and Bethlehem, PA campaigns to preserve significant structures and artifacts are now

Analysis Of Nucor's The On The Industry Of Steel
Nucor takes a simple approach to succeeding in the industry of steel. At its mini mills, Nucor
produces hot– and cold–rolled steel, steel joists, and metal buildings. It has the capability to produce
more than 26 million tons of steel a year. Being one of North America's largest recycler of scrap
metal, it produces steel by melting scrap in electric arc furnaces. Most products are sold to steel
service centers, manufactures, and fabricators. Subsidiary Harris Steel fabricates rebar for highways
and bridges and other construction projects. Its David J. Joseph Company unit processes and brokers
metals, pig iron, hot briquetted iron, and direct reduced iron. In 2014 Nucor recycled 19 million tons
of scrap steel.
Their mission is as follows: "Nucor is made up of more than 20,000 teammates whose goal is to take
care of our customers by being the safest, highest quality, lowest cost, most productive and most
profitable steel and steel products company in the world. We ae committed to doing this while being
cultural and environmental stewards in our communities where we live and work." Their
commercial excellence is based off of five principles: stay market driven, forge strong and loyal
relationships, be easy to do business with, create sustainable results and do everything together. The
Chief Finance Officer, John Ferriola, said "We care about our teammates, customers, environment
and communities in which we live and work. It's not just our way of doing business; it's our

Steel Mills Community Analysis
Heading 13 Miles Southeast of the Chicago South loop, passing many open fields filled with
petcoke and what was once was Steel Mills, you reach what is known to the residents as "Alphabet
town" or East side. East side is known as a working class neighborhood to the individuals who do
not reside there. For the residents that do, they know the east side as a community filled with pride,
respect, and a feeling of unity. As you enter the neighborhood just heading east on 106th street right
off of Torrance Ave, you can feel the presence of this neighborhood with the predominantly hispanic
culture. You can enter the community either by car or taking a bus, but not access via trains. If you
are planning to take a trip from downtown, Chicago, prepare ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This classification led europeans to ultimately believe that Mexican and African Americans were
lower than them, creating tension for all. (Barrios, 59) Regardless if they lived in the same
neighborhood and regardless if they did the same job, they still classified themselves as superior to
other races. With the increasing number of Mexicans coming to chicago, they were prevented from
obtaining "good" condition jobs. They were instructed to stay in the scummiest areas of the
neighborhood as they were inferior to whites. When they were given the opportunity to work in
areas that mexicans did not typically work in, they were subjected to the most dangerous jobs. And
for pay, they were given below minimum wage because they knew they needed these jobs. (Barrios,

Nucor Essay examples
INTRODUCTION Decisions form the basis of strategy. Each firm must make choices regarding
what resources and capabilities to invest in, as well as what to do with such resources and
capabilities in order to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. The star of this week's case,
Nucor Steel, finds itself at a critical inflexion point: Should it invest in a new steel mill to
commercialize thin–slab casting? This paper examines why Nucor is considering making such an
investment and what risks are involved if they choose to adopt the technology. Based on this
analysis, the paper will conclude with a recommended path for Nucor Steel. YOU CAN NEVER BE
TOO RICH OR TOO THIN The flat sheet segment accounts for 52% of the U.S. market for steel.
The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The technology permits efficient entry into the flat sheet segment on a much smaller scale, allowing
minimills to compete for a slice of the hitherto forbidden flat sheet market. Without entry into the
flat sheet segment, minimills are forced to compete for niches in the non–flat categories or to stake
out geographic strongholds. In 1983, Nucor experienced its first sales decline under CEO Ken
Iverson – perhaps a telling sign that the company must expand outside of its traditional focus.
FLIES IN THE OINTMENT The promise of thin–slab casting is indubitably enticing, but is it
practicable? What are the risks that could throw a spanner in the steel works? Technological Chief
among the risks is the uncertainty surrounding the very technological viability of thin–slab casting.
The two most promising approaches in the 1980's were the Hazelett Caster

Trump’S Buy American And U.S. Steel Industry? . Shuang
Trump's Buy American and U.S. Steel industry?
Shuang Tan
As the backbone of American manufacturing, the steel industry is essential to the world 's water and
food supply, energy generation and national security. Steel consumption is highly cyclical and
generally follows economic and industrial conditions both worldwide and in regional markets. Steel
industry was severely impacted by the global economic crisis in 2008 as demand from its largest
markets, construction and automobile manufacturing, dropped sharply along with consumer
spending on durable goods and business investment in new spaces. This downturn reversed in 2010.
Since demand for steel is highly dependent on the level of activity in the nonresidential construction
sector, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, weak domestic demand is further exacerbated by rising global overcapacity, in which has
drastically reduced the selling price of steel. Capacity utilization at domestic mills dropped to as low
as 60% in early 2016.
Facing intense competition and influx of cheaper steel products, U.S. steel producers have been
persuading U.S. government to protect U.S. companies from dumping and other unfair competitive
practices via either tariffs or import quotas on the steel products of offending companies in foreign
countries.
Starting in 2016, Commerce Department moved to impose tariffs in response to an oversupply in the
steel industry, especially from China. Some duties are as high as 266%. Duties on steel products
from China, Brazil, India, Japan and other countries contributed to the U.S. benchmark hot–rolled
coil index rising more than 60% in 2016 to $615 per ton, after falling 33% in 2015. In Europe, the
benchmark index was up by 34%. Steel imports into the U.S. during the first quarter of 2016 fell to
eight million metric tons, down 29% from a year earlier, and inventories also declined. Those tariffs
come during an election season rife with promises to protect American workers. Donald Trump
promises the job will be done with materials made in U.S.,

Steel and Poem
Analysis of Pat Mora 's "La Migra"
Pat Mora 's "La Migra" is a poem presenting two speakers, one female and one male, who are
playing the game "La Migra" which means "border patrol agents". Mora creates a snapshot of the
dangers of living near the Mexican border through the narrators ' "game". The poem is written with
childish language, but includes ambiguity of whether the players are children approaching a
disturbingly mature theme or whether they 're adults trying to minimize the stress of the situation.
Despite both interpretations being decently supported by the text, I support the first for a few key
reasons.
The piece is broken into two parts, I and II, which clearly defines there being two speakers. Each
section presents a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
4) A runner 's starting point in a race. The speaker uses "marks" as a metaphor to her life. This one
word organizes the entire poem by setting the direction, tone, and meaning of the poem. With its
multiple meanings, the word "marks" plays a significant role. By analyzing the word "marks" in the
context of the poem, I want to demonstrate the absolute necessity of that one word in this particular
poem.
The woman 's life is graded with "marks." A mark, meaning grade, is usually something that has
nothing to do with a housewife or a mother. However, in this poem marks play a vital role in the
speaker 's identity. Her family gives her grades as a housewife and a mother. The word "marks"
compares and contrasts her life with standards that are not her own. Grades are a part of the woman
's life, for she is identified through them. Marks are the result of accomplishing a certain standard
(e.g. 80% is a B, 90% and above is an A, etc). Students strive to get good grades because good
grades equals good student. Grades identify who you are. It doesn 't matter how much time and
effort you have spent – only the result counts. In this poem, the woman 's entire life is defined and
evaluated with grades: for her husband she is an "A," an incomplete, and a B+; for her son she is
average; for her daughter she is a Pass. It is interesting that all the marks the woman receives from
her family are not bad at all (besides the incomplete, which can be

Blood On The Forge Summary
Bryan Casallo
Dr. Bailey
April 17, y
Blood on the Forge
Book Review
"Steel is born in the flames and sent out to live and grow old. It comes back to the flames and has a
new birth. But no one man could calculate its beginning or end. It would end when the earth ended.
It seemed deathless." (302) Blood on the Forge, by William Attaway, illustrates one of the most
important historical event in United States history, The Great Migration. Attaway sets Blood on the
Forge in the midst of the Steel Valley in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania during the 1919's. We accompany
the Moss brothers in the Blood on the Forge as they face a world filled with emptiness, hunger,
inequality and the obstacles they encounter in an unforgiving world. The Moss ... Show more
Attaway moved from the segregated state of Mississippi to the industrialized city of Chicago,
Illinois. The novelist became part of the Great Migration, just as the Moss brothers became part of it
when they escaped Kentucky to work on the steel mills of Pennsylvania. It is apparent that Blood on
the Forge has a distinct connection to Attaway's life. Attaway seeks to tell the plot of the story into
five parts. Part one of the story renders the Life of the Moss brothers before the Steel Mills. Working
for Mr. Johnson as a sharecropper, the Moss brothers were dirt poor, unable to feed themselves and
work the land because of the unfortunate event that killed the Moss brother's mom that lead to Big
Mat killing the mule they used to plant crops. Already burden by the death of their mother, Big Mat
nearly kills a the riding boss when he says; "Killin' a animal worth forty dollars, 'cause a nigger
woman got dragged over the rocks." (69) After this event, it forces the Moss brothers to hop on a
train headed for the steel mills of the north. Part two illustrates the crowded boxcar the Moss
brothers were encased in as they headed north. Parts three to five depicts the new life of

Economic Issues For Tata Steel
Economic Issues concerning Tata Steel
Tata Steel: A Global Entity
Tata Steel is a truly global company with a well established presence not only in India but around
the world in large economies as well as emerging economies.. In the year 2013, it was the 11th
largest steel producing company in the world and the second largest steel company in India
(measured by domestic production) after the State run entity– Steel Authority of India Limited.
The 4 core economic issues that Tata Steel must factor in its decision making:
1) Understand the Global Market and operate within the rules.
2) Expansion plans must be carefully carried out.
3) Acquisitions and other partnerships must be carefully carried out.
4) Keep the finances and other key financials in check.
Tata Steel primarily serves ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It has to be changing with time and evolve constantly with respect to technology, best practices,
working conditions etc.
Tata Steel's major competitors include ArcelorMittal, Essar Steel, Jindal Steel and Power, JSW
Steel, SAIL and VISA Steel.
Other economic issues include falling International Iron Ore prices and Job Cuts in the Steel
Industry which can affect morale:
Steelmakers in India and worldwide, including Tata Steel, have cut prices to remain competitive in
the face of cheap imports from China and Russia. Global steel prices have fallen in tandem with
falling iron ore prices internationally. Some of its competitors have seen losses to their financial
numbers because of this. Tata must factor in all the international and global conditions.
Tata Steel mothballed some plants and cut 2000 jobs in Europe recently to combat widening losses
in a market which haven't yet recovered from downturn in the steel industry last decade. The
company tried to sell its loss–making long products business to Klesch but the deal fell through with
no signs on uptick in demand in the region.
Sustainability is the key for economic

Steel Town Case Study Jamestown
Steeltown U.S.A. was a great read! I enjoyed reading all about Youngstown and the challenges the
town had to face. Chapter 4: From "Steel Town" to a "Nice Place to Do Time" was personally one of
the best chapters in the book. It was so terribly sad to read about everything the once successful
industrialized town had later became. In only twenty short years, Youngstown had evolved into this
corrupt place; they even went as far to call it the "murder capital." Once the mills shut down, the
town took a major downfall. Poverty, drugs, and crime started to replace the legacy Youngstown
once held. Before reading this book, I had no idea that the steel mill closings could cause a town so
much damage. What I came to understand was that the closings ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The mills were closing down because the supply for steel had greatly decreased. The town's lack of
industrialization caused other businesses to relocate, so the steel workers were not left with many
options. Also, during this time period, it was not very common for women to have a full time job:
the steel families really had no option but to leave, but for some that was impossible. I struggle with
wrapping my mind around the trouble and heartache these families faced in hopes that Youngstown
would find a way out. Knowing very little about Youngstown, I felt that the authors did a nice job
revealing information on the town and what it had been through. The struggle the families and
community faced was saddening, but it was really interesting to see how they worked together in
hopes to restore the town. A few things I really enjoyed about Steeltown U.S.A. were the pictures
displayed throughout the book. The picture from the New Republic issue on page 192 with the
billboard stating "Welcome to Youngstown" with the bullet holes was my favorite. Could you
imagine the feeling that one would have driving into a town with a billboard covered in bullet holes?
I know I would do my best to get out of that town as fast as I could! It was terrible how the crime
labeled Youngstown. The photographs captured in the book really helped me visualize Youngstown
and helped my understanding of the atmosphere the town

Analysis Of Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening
Robert Frost captures universal elements of human life within simple poetry. The fourth stanza of
his poem Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, curiously mirrored the journey of Christine J.
Walley, the author of the ethno–biography Exit Zero. "The woods are lovely, dark, and deep. But I
have promises to keep, and miles to go before I sleep," Frost writes (Frost, 1923). He presents a lone
traveler trekking through the woods in search of answers. These woods display a level of complexity
that may not be noticed by the everyday passerby. From a distance, one may see bark, branches, and
leaves. Each tree, upon closer examination, displays a unique story of growth and maturity that takes
decades to develop. Collectively, the trees represent a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The working class was deliberately marginalized, and just like Frost's traveler, Walley was
unsatisfied until she understood why. Walley (2013) describes the extent of the closings of the steel
mills as if "our entire world was collapsing" (Walley, 2013, p.69). Steel mills served as a staple in
the communities in Southeast Chicago for many years. Throughout the course of its long history, a
family–like mindset among employees and employers had been constructed. Employees provided
labor to the mills, and in return, they received a consistent paycheck. The familiar effects of the steel
industry were not limited to these monetary rewards, however. The steel industry invested time and
resources in the Calumet region. They funded churches, schools, and other public functions. Due to
the presence of the mills, this region, which was perceived as working class by its wealthy
neighbors, was slowly climbing the rungs of the socio–economic ladder. Members of these
communities began considering themselves as part of the respectable middle class, not the
"uneducated" working class. Economic upward mobility from strong unions and higher wages was
noticed and felt collectively. Most importantly, for people like Walley's father, the mill provided a
sense of identity. Just like Walley's grandfather father, Walley's father supported his family by
heading to the mills. He worked so his wife could stay home

Mittal
"In our industry today only a strong company with a global reach can ensure long–term employment
and provide acceptable returns for shareholders." – Lakshmi Narayan Mittal
Table of Contents
1. How has Mittal managed to expand from a marginal position to become the largest steel producer
in the world? 1 2. Compare Mittal's economics per ton of crude steel with its competitors. 2 3. What
threats does Mittal face? 3 4. To what extent is profitability driven by global scale? What else is
relevant? 5 5. Is vertical integration a value driver for Mittal? Why? 6 6. How would a merger of
Arcelor with Mittal add value? 8 Appendix I 10
1. How has Mittal managed to expand from a marginal position to become the largest ... Show more
Many of these also used DRI technology (p 5). LNM also sought to acquire mills which would
allow Mittal to become both more globally and regionally integrated. Being regionally integrated
increased profitability by providing Mittal the ability to demand more reliable products and better
overall terms from the suppliers (p 9). Since Mittal owned the mills in surrounding areas, it reduced
rivalry by ensuring that nearby mills would not compete for the same customers, thereby increasing
growth (p 9).
Once acquired, the efficient way in which Mittal would execute the turnaround of mills was
instrumental in company growth. The Mittal Method included a six step turnaround process which
was implemented by a turnaround team on all newly acquired mills (p 8). The first step was to
replace incumbent staff with Mittal management which would ensure that management of the new
mill would share the goals and culture of Mittal (p 9). Second, Mittal would address any outstanding
debts by providing the new mill with the necessary cash (p 9). Third, overall operations would be
improved when Mittal brought in their own top engineers to run the operations (p 9). Fourth, Mittal
would shift production to focus on higher value items, such as those desired by the automotive
industry, and attempt to sell directly to the end user and eliminate other middlemen from the value
chain (p 9). Fifth, Mittal would connect the new mill to the previously existing global network of
Mittal plants,

Youngstown Case
Youngstown was the industrial heart of Ohio with a thriving steel industry that lasted for several
generations. However, Youngstown's Industry began to deindustrialize in the late 1970s with steel
companies moving down to the south of the country. Deindustrialization meant the removal or
decline of industry within an area. For example, the steel mills of Youngstown closed and never
opened again creating thousands of unemployed workers. It all began with September 19th, 1977,
the day that created the domino effect that would create the downfall for the Youngstown's industry
and other steel mills across the mid–west states of Michigan and Indiana. This day, know as Black
Monday, was "the beginning of the end" according to Steven High (102). It began with the closing
of the Campbell Steel Mill and several months later the four remaining steel mills closed and moved
to the south creating the new Sunbelt. As a result, Youngstown became a Rustbelt with a declining
population and failing steel industry. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Families, workers, and even local municipalities participated to restore the steel mills by going to
federal government to get money that could make the steel mills modernized as the areas of
Youngstown and other steel cities failed to catch up with modern technology and fell behind (High,
102). Support for a modernized steel mill allowed the population of Youngstown donate millions of
dollars to save the steel mills. This community support drew national attention for Youngstown as
they hoped to spread their message to other cities in the hopes of restoring the steel mill. However,
the federal government refused to give loans to Youngstown and support stalled (High, 103). So,
Youngstown transformed into a rustbelt with the declining industry leaving a devastating impact on
the

The Demand For Steel Mill Products
Macro–Environment
Nucor Corporation is the largest manufacturer of steel and steel products in North America. The
worldwide industry in which Nucor competes had record years of crude steel production in 2010
and 2011. Steel making capacity worldwide was approximately 2,090 million tons in 2011, resulting
in a 2011 capacity utilization rate of 80 percent versus just 75 percent in 2010. The demand for steel
mill products had grown 5.5 percent annually since 2000, but between 2000 and 2011 there have
been periods of both strong and weak demand. Weak demand caused over supplied conditions in the
steel industry worldwide and allowed Nucor to expand via acquisition. Steel product segments
include the production of steel deck, steel joists ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Open hearth processing has become obsolete and continuous casting and the electric arc furnace has
been adopted. Information on the world steel industry including growth rates and production is
listed in Exhibit 1.
Competitive Forces Rivalry in the steel industry is intense and price is the main factor for
differentiation among competitors. Steel products are considered commodities and quality can be
inconsistent on occasion, for the most part, steel plants turn out products of comparable
metallurgical quality. The threat of new entry into the market is moderate. There are several entry
barriers to overcome, product differentiation being one of them; however, costs would be the main
barrier. The cost of raw materials can be very high since they are usually purchased in large
quantities. Minimizing fixed costs can also be very challenging. Competition from substitutes is
considered low. There are few substitutes for steel at this time. Steel is used for its strength and
durability in auto manufacturing and in construction. As technology advances there are possibilities
for alternative materials in the future. Supplier bargaining power is a high to moderate threat. Raw
materials can be one of the largest costs for a company so suppliers often have the upper hand.
Having a cost effective strategy for the supply of raw materials can have a huge effect on a
company's bottom line. Many firms choose to establish a joint venture with

Nucor Steel
Nucor Corporation
Introduction
Nucor Corporation, the largest U.S. mini–mill, continues to gain market share in flat roll and strip
steel. Recent successful acquisitions, application of new technologies, prospects for global growth, a
strong balance sheet, as well as improved economic outlook for the steel industry, make Nucor an
attractive buy with a near term stock price target of $65 to $70.
Background
Nucor Corporation (NUE) was founded by auto manufacturer Ranson E. Olds. Through a series of
permutations the company evolved into a nuclear instrument and electronics business, known as the
Nuclear Corporation of America before regaining its focus in the steel business and changing its
name to Nucor Corporation in 1972. In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Recently NUE has also completed projects that allow it to produce a combined additional 1,000,000
tons of steel product annually. This represents a fraction of the $200,000,000 spent in 2004 to
upgrade its production facilities. New U.S. production facilities have also been completed. These
include a steel plate mill in North Carolina and a deck plant in upstate New York as well a Castrip
technology production facility in Indiana. Current efforts are underway to build another Castrip
plant in the U.S. as well as another overseas.
NUE has pursued successful acquisitions. In March 2001 Nucor Steel purchased Auburn Steel
Company and acquired a 470,000 tons–per–year merchant bar, rebar and special bar quality steel
mill. This mill was a good strategic fit with Nucor 's joist and deck plant nearby. With Nucor
management in place, the Auburn Steel Mill set a 26–year production record with continued growth
from 2001 through 2004. In July 2002, Nucor purchased the former Trico Steel Company. This
acquisition increased its flat rolled steel production and is building market share in this segment.
The initial production of this plant at purchase was 1.2 million tons per year and the expected
production for 2005 is 2.1 million tons. This acquisition increased Nucor 's sheet metal capacity by
over a third. In December 2002 NUE purchased Birmingham Steel for $615 million in cash. The
four Birmingham Steel bar mills increased NUE 's

Harvard Business School
9–793–039
Rev. January 20, 1998
DO
On December 7, 1986, F. Kenneth Iverson, chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Nucor
Corporation, awaited a delegation from SMS Schloemann–Siemag, a leading West German supplier
of steelmaking equipment, at his company's headquarters in Charlotte, North Carolina. Iverson had
to decide whether to commit Nucor to a new steel mill that would commercialize thinslab casting
technology developed by SMS. Preliminary estimates indicated that the mill would cost $280
million, and that start–up expenses and working capital of $30 million each would push the total
cost to $340 million, or nearly as much as Nucor's net worth. Successful ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A significant percentage of the steel sold to service centers found its way to end–users in the
automotive sector and the appliance and equipment industries. Taken together, these three customer
groups accounted for half of total domestic shipments and three–quarters of the shipments of flat
sheet. Service centers emphasized the most basic form of flat sheet, hot–rolled sheet, whereas the
others' direct purchases were weighted toward cold–rolled and coated sheet that had been subjected
to further primary processing. Construction accounted for another one–tenth of shipments of all steel
mill products and of flat sheet. Price, quality and dependability were the three most important buyer
purchasing criteria. Uncompetitive pricing was probably the major reason U.S. steelmakers had lost
ground to imports. Integrated steelmakers had been criticized, in particular, for charging excessive
premia in periods of tight supply, pressing buyers to purchase higher–grade steel than they needed,
requiring minimum orders that were too large for many buyers and arbitrarily favoring some buyers
over others. Quality had several dimensions: internal quality, as determined by metallurgical
structure and physical strength, which mattered most when durability was important; surface quality,
which was a major concern in uses

Critical Success Factors Of The Company
3.0 Situational Analysis
3.1 External Analysis
3.1.1 Critical Success Factors
Cost Leadership Strategy: The adoption of cost leadership has been a significant success
determinant for the company. Therefore, Nucor has assured that it becomes a cost leader through the
use of advanced technologies in steel manufacturing. As well as Nucor invested actively in research
and development and applied a lean management structure that improves efficiency for production.
Technology and Innovation: Nucor took into account that technology and innovation must in
priority of its business. Therefore, it must be innovative. Accordingly, the firm has cultivated an
innovative culture and consistently adopts new technologies to minimise cost and improve
efficiency in steel manufacturing as well as customer service.
Leadership: Leadership paid an important role for the firm, Nucor's success is linked to effective
leadership that organised by Iverson. According to the case, Iverson was a visionary leader who had
a concern about Nucor's success. Besides that, Iverson introduced operation and structural changes
to Nucor such as, new steel plant and seeking joint ventures with foreign firms such as Mitsubishi
Corporation, Rio Tinto Group, and Shougang Corporation.
Apply a lean management model: Nucor has created a lean management structure whereby
decentralising the level of its operation in order to guarantee that the work process must get done in
the fastest time possible. Furthermore, it had

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