This document outlines the course description, outline, requirements and content for a Foundations of ESL course. The course introduces concepts and issues in teaching English as a second language, including basic theories, methods and approaches. It also explores the social and historical contexts of teaching ESL in the Philippines. The course content includes topics such as definitions of language, theories of language acquisition, methods like grammar translation and communicative approach, and trends in teaching ESL in the Philippines. Assessment includes class attendance, tasks, and a reflection essay or lesson plan.

1. Foundations of ESL
DE LA SALE UNIVERSITY - DASMARINAS
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2. Course Description
 In this course, participants explore basic
concepts and issues in the teaching of English as
a Second Language (ESL). Specifically, the
course introduces basic theories, methods, and
approaches in teaching ESL. Lastly, it explores
the social and historical contexts of teaching ESL
in the Philippines.

3. Course Outline
I. Introduction
II. Basic Concepts and Issues in ESL
III. Theories on Language
IV. Methods and Approaches in Teaching ESL
V. Teaching ESL in the Philippines
VI. Conclusion

4. Course Requirements
 Attendance in classroom and online
sessions
 Classroom and online tasks and activities
 Reflection essay on Foundations of ESL or
Lesson Plan

5. Schoolbook
 Website Address: www.dlsud.edu20.org
 Course Title: Foundations of ESL
 Access code: Please send me an email 

6. Basic Issues and
Concepts

7. Basic Issues and Concepts
 What is language?
 How do we learn a language?
 How should we teach language?
 What is ESL?

8. What is language?
1. Language as a system of signs
2. Language as a system of structural patterns
3. Language as a system of internalized rules
4. Language as a system of functions
5. Language as implicatures
6. Language as speech acts
7. Language as discourse
Tupas (2002)

9. What is language?

10. Language as a system of signs
Ferdinand de Saussure
Father of Modern Linguistics
Langue – abstract system of signs
Parole – ways we use the system

11. Video 1 :Ferdinand de Saussure and
Structuralism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B
5vhq3aRNjE

12. Language as a system of
structural patterns
Structuralist linguistics
(scientific description of language)
Famous structuralists
Leonard Bloomfield
Edward Sapir
From the sign to the sentence
Complex habits or patterns in language

13. Language as a system of
internalized rules
Noam Chomsky
Generative linguistics
(scientific description of language)
LAD (Language Acquisition Device)
UG (Universal Grammar)

14. Video 2 :Noam Chomsky on LAD
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q
donf-4nkeE

15. Video 3 & 4:Noam Chomsky on UG
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfi
Hd6DyuTU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v
bKO-9n5qmc

16. Language as a system of
functions
M.A.K. Halliday
Language is a system of meaning
Language is a system of choices
Three macrofunctions
Ideational
Interpersonal
Textual

17. Video 5: Michael Halliday on
Language
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n
C-blhaIUCk

18. Language as speech acts
JL Austin and John Searle
Speech Acts
Language as performance

19. Video 6: On Speech Acts
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h
qcgtCnNxnI

20. Language as implicatures
H.P. Grice
Cooperative Principle
Conversation Maxims

21. Video 7 - 8: On Gricean Cooperative
Principle and Implicatures
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y
RMgGCNKijM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y
Us8GAi_cIw

22. Language as discourse
Michael Bakhtin
A critical view of language
“Language constitutes society
and is constituted by it.”

23. Video 9-10: Bakhtin meets Pocahontas
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G
ITVPh7GVSE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g
97mZD_QI4g

24. What is language?
1. Language as a system of signs
2. Language as a system of structural patterns
3. Language as a system of internalized rules
4. Language as a system of functions
5. Language as speech acts
6. Language as implicatures
7. Language as discourse
Tupas (2002)

25. What is language?
1. Structural
2. Functional
3. Interactional

26. Methods and approaches in
teaching ESL
HOW DO WE LEARN A LANGUAGE?
HOW DO WE TEACH A LANGUAGE

27. Video 11: On ESL and Other Acronyms
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G
bIqAkNbk5I
Based on the video, which is better:
ESL, EFL, or ESOL?

28. Methods and approaches in
teaching ESL
 Basic concepts
 Approach
 Method
 Technique

29. Methods and approaches in
teaching ESL
 Edward Anthony (1963)
 Richards and Rodgers (1986)
 Brown (2001)

30. Methods and approaches in
teaching ESL
 Edward Anthony (1963) as cited in Tupas (2002)
 Approach
- A set of principles based on particular theories of language, learning,
and teaching.
 Method
- Any systematic way of teaching language based on a chosen
approach
 Technique
- Any activity that actualizes a specific method

31. Methods and approaches in
teaching ESL
 Richards and Rodgers (1986)
Method
Approach ProcedureDesign

32. Methods and approaches in
teaching ESL
 Brown (2001)
METHODOLOGY – Pedagogical practices in general
APPROACH – Positions and beliefs on the nature of language, learning,
and the applicability of both to pedagogical settings.
TECHNIQUE – Exercises, activities or tasks used in the language
classroom to realize lesson objectives

33. Some Approaches to Language
Teaching

34. Some Approaches
 Grammar-Translation Method
 Direct Method
 Audio-Lingual Method,
 Silent Way
 Suggestopedia
 Community Language Learning
 Total Physical Response Method
 Communicative Approach
 Task-based Language Teaching

35. Video 12: Different Approaches to
Language Teaching
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2
JaADcWegA

36. Activity

37. Video 13: Jack Richards on the
Different Approaches and Methods to
Language Teaching
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5r
-DRmN42fE

38. What is ESL?

39. Teaching ESL in the Philippines
HOW IS TEACHING ESL IN THE PHILIPPINES SIMILAR AND DIFFERENT FROM OTHER
COUNTRIES?
WHAT ARE CURRENT TRENDS IN TEACHING ESL IN THE PHILIPPINES?

40. Video 14: Real World English in the
Philippines
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4
wfctiJGZ6Y

41. Video 15: Language Learning
Strategies
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z
j_bEFZMT0

42. Thank you
COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES TO BE GIVEN IN CLASS.
VIDEOS, TEXTS, IMAGES USED IN THIS PRESENTATION ARE USED SOLELY FOR
ACADEMIC PURPOSES. NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED.