How to write a paragraph

1. PARAGRAPH WRITING

2. Put these sentences in order
A. In cities, many people prefer bikes to cars because unlike cars, with a
bicycle, they never have to wait in traffic.
B. Finally, they are suitable for city life.
C. The second reason is money.
D. In brief, having a bicycle is beneficial for people for different reasons.
E. To illustrate, in Holland, people think riding a bicycle is a better way of
keeping fit and staying healthy than other sports.
F. Bicycles are popular today in many countries for three reasons.
G. First, most of the people use bicycles to exercise.
H. Generally bikes are not expensive to buy, and they are quite cheap to
fix.
1

3. FGECHBAD
1. F Bicycles are popular today in many countries for three
reasons.
2. G First, most of the people use bicycles to exercise.
3. E To illustrate, in Holland, people think riding a bicycle is a
better way of keeping fit and staying healthy than other sports.
4. C The second reason is money.
5. H Generally bikes are not expensive to buy, and they are quite
cheap to fix.
6. B Finally, they are suitable for city life.
7. A In cities, many people prefer bikes to cars because unlike
cars, with a bicycle, they never have to wait in traffic.
8. D In brief, having a bicycle is beneficial for people for different
reasons.

4. Bicycles are popular today in many countries for
three reasons. First, most of the people use bicycles
to exercise. To illustrate, in Holland, people think
riding a bicycle is a better way of keeping fit and
staying healthy than other sports. The second
reason is money. Generally bikes are not expensive
to buy, and they are quite cheap to fix. Finally, they
are suitable for city life. In cities, many people
prefer bikes to cars because unlike cars, with a
bicycle, they never have to wait in traffic. In brief,
having a bicycle is beneficial for people for different
reasons.

5. Bicycles are popular today in many countries for
three reasons. First, most of the people use
bicycles to exercise. To illustrate, in Holland, people
think riding a bicycle is a better way of keeping fit
and staying healthy than other sports. The second
reason is money. Generally bikes are not expensive
to buy, and they are quite cheap to fix. Finally, they
are suitable for city life. In cities, many people
prefer bikes to cars because unlike cars, with a
bicycle, they never have to wait in traffic. In brief,
having a bicycle is beneficial for people for different
reasons.

6. 1. Bicycles are popular today in many countries for three
reasons.
2.1 First, most of the people use bicycles to exercise.
2.1 To illustrate, in Holland, people think riding a bicycle
is a better way of keeping fit and staying healthy than
other sports.
2.2 The second reason is money.
2.2. Generally bikes are not expensive to buy, and they
are quite cheap to fix.
2.3 Finally, they are suitable for city life.
2.3 In cities, many people prefer bikes to cars because
unlike cars, with a bicycle, they never have to wait in
traffic.
3. In brief, having a bicycle is beneficial for people for
different reasons.
1.THE TOPIC SENTENCE
2.1SUPPORTING SENTENCE 1
2.1 DEATAIL 1
2.2 SUPPORTING SENTENCE 2
2.2 DETAIL 2
2.3 SUPPORTING SENTENCE 3
2.3 DETAIL 3
3.THE CONCLUDING SENTENCE

9. All around the world living in big cities creates serious
problems for people. The first problem is air pollution.
For example, in Istanbul, many people have cars and cars
are one reason why the air is polluted. Secondly, traffic is
an important problem for the people living in big cities.
Nowadays there are more and more cars on roads, and
this causes traffic jams in many parts of the cities. For this
reason, many inhabitants waste their time in traffic, and
they are negatively affected by this situation. To sum up,
air pollution and traffic jams are two important problems
that people living in big cities have.

10. Topic sentence/ supporting sentence/
detail/ concluding sentence???
(1) All around the world living in big cities creates serious
problems for people. (2) The first problem is air pollution.
(3) For example, in Istanbul, many people have cars and
cars are one reason why the air is polluted. (4) Secondly,
traffic is an important problem for the people living in big
cities. (5) Nowadays there are more and more cars on
roads, and this causes traffic jams in many parts of the
cities. (6) For this reason, many inhabitants waste their
time in traffic, and they are negatively affected by this
situation. (7) To sum up, air pollution and traffic jams are
two important problems that people living in big cities
have.

11. (1) All around the world living in big cities creates serious
problems for people.
(2a) The first problem is air pollution.
(2a1) For example, in Istanbul, many people have cars and
cars are one reason why the air is polluted.
(2b) Secondly, traffic is an important problem for the
people living in big cities.
(2b1)Nowadays there are more and more cars on roads,
and this causes traffic jams in many parts of the cities.
(2b2)For this reason, many inhabitants waste their time in
traffic, and they are negatively affected by this situation.
(3) To sum up, air pollution and traffic jams are two
important problems that people living in big cities have.
1. The topic
sentence
2a. Supporting
sentence 1
2a1detail 1
2b. Supporting
sentence 2
2b1 Detail 2
2b2 Detail 2
3. The
concluding
sentence

12. The topic
Topic = general idea
1. Mercury Venus Planets Saturn Mars
2. German Italian English Languages Spanish
3. wheel tire car door seat
4. apple banana grape strawberry fruit
5. fan basketball coach scoreboard player

13. Write the topic
1. Animals
2. computer
3. Music
4. Weather
5. Shapes
6. Vegetables
7. Cities
8. House
9. Means of
communication
10. clothes
1. elephants zebras lions tigers
2. modem monitor mouse keyboard
3. jazz rock classical blues
4. snowy rainy stormy windy
5. circle oval cube square
6. leak cabbage cauliflower carrot
7. Kocaeli Aydın Van Konya
8. bedroom kitchen bathroom balcony
9. texting e-mail mobile phone Letter
10. skirt dress tie suit

15. 1. What is a paragraph about?
2. What is a paragraph going to say about the topic?
Topic sentence= topic + controlling(main) idea
What is a
paragraph
about
What is a
paragraph
going to say
about the
topic
Bicycles are popular today in many countries for three reasons.
1. Bicycles
2. Three reasons why bicycles are popular
All around the world living in big cities creates serious problems for
people.
1. Living in big cities
2. Serious problems in big cities

16. Topic sentence
1. Include 1 clear topic
A. It is important to have friends, and also do well in school
B. I don’t think I will ever have a better friend than Hellen.
2. Include an opinion or idea about topic
A. Studying Karate has given me strength and self-confident.
B. I have been studying Karate.
3. Don’t be too broad
A. Australia is an interesting country.
B. I saw many unusual animals in Australia.
4. Don’t be too narrow
A. Schools start at 8.30a.m.
B. Getting ready for school in the morning is more difficult than any of
my classes.
WEAK
STRONG
WEAK
WEAK
WEAK
STRONG
STRONG
STRONG
WEAK?
STRONG?

17. TOPIC / CONTROLLING IDEAS
1. My sister is my best friend
2. Snowboarding is my favourite winter sport
3. The last CD I bought changed my life
4. There are 3 reasons why my cellphone is useful.
5. Reading novels can help students improve their English
6. My part-time job taught me several new skills.
7. Disneyland was a great place for our family vacation.

18. TOPIC / CONTROLLING IDEAS
PRACTICE
LONGMAN ACADEMIC WRITING SERIES PAGE 41

19. a topic sentence?

20. a topic sentence?

21. a topic sentence?

22. Write a topic sentence
My favourite food is pasta.

23. Write a topic sentence
Good teachers have special qualities

24. PRACTICE
• LONGMAN ACADEMIC WRITING SERIES
• PAGE 42-46

26. Supporting sentences
description
details
example
facts
explanation
statistics

27. PRACTICE
• LONGMAN ACADEMIC WRITING SERIES PAGE
48

28. TRANSITION SIGNAL
FIRST MAIN POINT: first of all, first, firstly, the first characteristic/reason is
SECOND MAIN POINT: second, secondly, the second characteristic, next, also, in
addition, furthermore, moreover
THIRD MAIN POINT: third, thirdly, the third characteristic is…, next, also, in addition,
furthermore, moreover, finally

29. TRANSITION SIGNAL
FIRST MAIN POINT: first of all, first, firstly, the first reason/characteristic is…
SECOND MAIN POINT: second, secondly, the second reason is…,In addition,
moreover, furthermore, also
THIRD MAIN POINT: Third, thirdly, the last/final reason is, finally, In addition,
moreover, furthermore, also

30. PRACTICE
• LONGMAN ACADEMIC WRITING SERIES
• PAGE 50

31. HOW TO STAY HEALTHY
There are three ways to stay healthy.
First,…
Second,…
Finally,…
These ways help people have a good health.

32. HOW TO STAY HEALTHY
There are three ways to stay healthy.
First,…
Second,…
Finally,…
These ways help people have a good health.
There are three ways to stay healthy.
First, people should eat healthy food every day.
Second, they also need to exercise regularly.
Finally, people have to sleep enough, at least 8 hours a day.
These ways help people have a good health.
There are three ways to stay healthy. First, people should eat
healthy food every day. Second, they also need to exercise
regularly. Finally, people have to sleep enough, at least 8 hours
a day. These ways help people have a good health.

33. WHAT ARE THE BENEFIT OF LIVING IN A CITY?
Living in a city has many benefits.
First,…
Second,…
Finally,…
These are reasons why people like living in a city.

34. WHAT ARE THE BENEFIT OF LIVING IN A CITY?
Living in a city has many benefits.
First,…
Second,…
Finally,…
These are reasons why people like living in a city.
Living in a city has many benefits.
First, it is easy for people to find a good job.
Second, there are many famous universities for students to study.
Finally, there are many activities for entertainment.
These are reasons why people like living in a city.

35. Concluding sentence
1. RESTATE THE TOPIC SENTENCE
Topic sentence: There are many good reasons for why people live in the country but
not in cities.
Conclusion: In conclusion, living in the country is much better than living in the
city.
2. SUMMERIZE THE MAIN POINTS
Topic Sentence: There are some important qualities of a good boss.
Conclusion All in all, a qualified boss should be fair, should be a good leader and
should act with consistency.

36. CONCLUSION SIGNALS
• To conclude
• To sum up
• To summarize
• In conclusion
• In summary
• In brief
• In short

37. Concluding sentence

38. Concluding sentence

39. Concluding sentence
In conclusion, this is one of the most famous Japanese custom.

40. PRACTICE
• LONGMAN ACADEMIC WRITING SERIES
• PAGE 54-55

41. Assignment
• Write a paragraph (50-60 words)
Why do you study English?
5 SENTENCES
1. Topic sentence
2. Firstly,…
3. Secondly,…
4. Finally,…
5. Concluding sentence