Applied science in Egypt, in particular, Medical Education has been facing serious challenges. In this presentation, Prof. Mohamed Labib Salem, Prof. of Immunology, Faculty of Science, Tanta, University, Egypt presents a lecture on the role of teaching basic science in advancing applied science. He will discuss how the basic science sector is critical for the success, promotion, and sustainability of medical sector education. He will also discuss how the Flexor report in the USA in 1908 enhanced medical education in the USA. بدعوة كريمة من مجلس سياسيات التعليم بأكاديمية البحث العلمي والتكنولوجيا يقدم ا.د. محمد لبيب سالم أستاذ علم المناعة بكلية العلوم جامعة طنطا مصر هذه المحاضرة مقترح عن اهمية ادراج تعليم العلوم الاساسية في تطوير تدريس العلوم الطبية

1. The role of teaching
basic science in
advancing applied
science
A FOCUS ON BIOMEDICAL
SECTOR
Mohamed Labib Salem
Prof. of Immunology
Faculty of Science
Tanta University
Mohamed.labib@science.tanta.edu.eg

2. Agenda of my talk
THE CONCEPT OF
TRANSDISCIPLINARY
EDUCATION
WHERE
WE ARE
SUGGESTED CONCEPT
FOR FUTURE
EDUCATION

5. Agenda of my talk
THE CONCEPT OF
TRANSDISCIPLINARY
EDUCATION
WHERE
WE ARE
SUGGESTED CONCEPT
FOR FUTURE
EDUCATION

6. Basic Applied Life
Relationship between Basic and
Applied Science in General

7. Basic Applied
Science
Science
Relationship between Basic and
Applied Science in Egypt

8. Tag of War Game

9. TRANSDISCIPLINA
RY EDUCATION:
LEARNING THAT IS
AUTHENTIC AND
RELEVANT

10. Transdisciplinary
Education
“It is the exploration of a
relevant concept, issue or
problem that integrates the
perspectives of multiple
disciplines in order to connect
new knowledge and deeper
understanding to real life
experiences”

11. Ways of
teaching
and
learning
from
multi- to trans-
disciplinary

14. Ways of
teaching
and
learning
From
multi- to
trans-
disciplina
ry

15. Ways of
teaching
and
learning
from
multi- to
trans-
disciplinary

16. Advantages of Transdisciplinary
Education:
Systems thinking: Connecting one level of a
problem with multiple levels of the same problem
Problem-solving discourse: cross disciplinary
boundaries timidly to enhance critical thinking
Metacognition: Active learning in a
multidimensional context

19. Transfer of some topics (a-d) and relative time compression
(inward arrows) due to interdisciplinary links

20. General
structure of
fundamental
science in the
engineering
curriculum.

21. Nobel Prize
Laureates
2020

22. Medicine

25. Nobel Prize
Laureates
2018

26. ‫واألدب‬ ‫والطب‬ ‫العلم‬‫تزاوج‬

27. Role of Basic Science in
Medical Sector

28. 1. Reduce the number of medical schools
(from 155 to 31) and poorly trained
physicians;
2. Increase the prerequisites to enter medical
training;
3. Train physicians to practice in
a scientific manner and engage medical
faculty in research;
4. Give medical schools control of clinical
instruction in hospitals
5. Strengthen state regulation of medical
licensure
Using the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine as
the ideal model, he issued the following
recommendations:
Role of Basic Sciencein Medical Sector
Flexner Report

29. Role of BasicSciencein Medical Sector
Flexner Report

31. Transdisciplinary Education: Role of Basic Science
A focus on Medical Sector

32. Transdisciplinary Education: Role of Basic Science
A focus on Medical Sector
“In recent years the scientific knowledge important to learning and
practice of medicine has changed dramatically, while the approach to
science education in the premedical and medical curricula has
essentially remained unchanged”. A report from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, USA
“there is tension between the time needed to teach an ever-expanding
knowledge base science, and the time needed for increased instruction
in clinical application and it behavioral, ethical and managerial
knowledge and skills needed in preparation for the clinical
experiences”.

33. Transdisciplinary Education: Role of Basic Science
A focus on Medical Sector
The education system includes:
• 4 undergraduate + 4 graduate
• MD/PhD Program
• Rotation in basic science labs during
graduate study.
Medical schools in USA

34. Immunology
Basic
Plants
Animal
Human
Preclinical
Bioinformatics
Pharmaceutical
Drug Discovery
From bench to clinic
Docking/Screening
Bioinformatics
manufacture
Clinical
Prediction
Early detection
Diagnosis
Treatment
Monitoring
An
Example
of
Transdisciplinary

35. Basic Pharma Clinical
From Bench to clinic & vice versa
Paclitaxel
as
an
Ex.
of
Discovery
for
transdisciplinary
Education

36. 1
Case studies with success
stories ‫السرطان‬ ‫ألبحاث‬ ‫التميز‬ ‫مركز‬
CENTER OF EXCELLENCE IN CANCER
RESEARCH (CECR)
 June 2013 through a project funded by (STDF)
 PI: Prof. Mohamed Labib Salem
 Affiliation: Tanta University
 Budget: 9,657,500 L.E
 Duration: 36 Months

37. 2
Case studies with success
stories ‫الثاالثيم‬ ‫وعالج‬ ‫ألبحاث‬ ‫التميز‬ ‫مركز‬
‫ا‬
Thalassemia Research and
Treatment Center
 June 2014 through a project funded by (STDF)
 PI: Prof. Mohamed Elshanshoory
 Affiliation: Tanta University
 Budget: 4,657,500 L.E
 Duration: 36 Months
‫الطب‬ ‫كلية‬
‫طنطا‬ ‫جامعة‬

38. Case studies with success
stories 3
Genetic Signature center
for Cancer Research
‫الطب‬ ‫كلية‬
‫طنطا‬ ‫جامعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫ممول‬ ‫مشروع‬
‫العالي‬ ‫التعليم‬ ‫بوزارة‬ ‫المشروعات‬ ‫ادارة‬ ‫وحدة‬
‫لس‬ ‫الجينية‬‫البصمة‬‫مركز‬
‫رطان‬

40. Our efforts at Research level
(Multi-to-Trans disciplinary)
 Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy
 Stem cell Biology and its application
 Drug Discovery
 Medical Entomology
 Bioinformatics

41. Our efforts at Research level
(Multi-to-Trans disciplinary)
https://scholar.google.com.eg/citations?hl=ar&user=WT
EDAJsAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Salem%20ML
%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=32361099
&page=3

42. Agenda of my talk
THE CONCEPT OF
TRANSDISCIPLINARY
EDUCATION
WHERE
WE ARE
SUGGESTED CONCEPT
FOR FUTURE
EDUCATION

43. Why Transdisciplinary Education
Continuous emergence of new subjects
 eMedicine
 Data Science (Big data)
 Bioinformatics
 Material Sciences and Nanotechnology
 Biotechnology and 3-D printing
 Virtual Learning and virtual arts (Hologram)
 Science communication

44. Why Transdisciplinary Education
Similar departments in different colleges
Examples:
 Microbiology and Immunology (Medicine, Pharmacy,
Science)
 Biochemistry (Medicine, Pharmacy, Science)
 Chemistry (Science, Engineering)
 Physics (Science, Engineering)
 Computer Sciences (Science, Engineering)

45. Why Transdisciplinary Education (TE)
Is there any TE Programs?
- Postgraduate studies Yes
- New National Universities Yes
(Galala, Salman, Alamin, New Mansoura)
- Seeking Extracurricular Yes
(before and after graduation
- Undergraduate studies NO

46. Trials
to
develop
Faculties
of
Sciences
ScienceUP

47. Agenda of my talk
THE CONCEPT OF
TRANSDISCIPLINARY
EDUCATION
WHERE
WE ARE
SUGGESTED
CONCEPT FOR
FUTURE EDUCATION

48. Open5Ws and H
WhatWhat kind of knowledge that needs to be integrated into the curriculum
Why Why such knowledge is critical for sustained learning of students
Where Where such knowledge can be acquired by students
When At what level of undergraduate education this knowledge is required
Who Who can deliver and responsible for the integration of this knowledge
How By what methods this knowledge can be integrated

49. Suggested thoughts
 Mobility of basic science professors to
academic departments at medical and
engineering schools on site or virtual.
 Obligatory courses
 Elective courses
 Lectures integrated into relevant courses
 Extracurricular activities

50. Suggested thoughts
 Adhere to Foundation year at Basic Science
programs.
 Problem solving strategies with contribution
from relative basic science subjects
 Cancellation of the diversity in high schools
(Arts versus Science)

51. Year
1
Year
2
Year
3
Medical
Education
Horizontal
Model

52. Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
F
O
U
N
D
A
T
I
O
N
Medical
Education
Vertical
Model

53. Raised flag !!
“Basic science staff members
should not forget that they are
basic academicians and should
be proud to keep their signature”

54. Final words
“If we eat, drink and enjoy
applied sciences, we walk
on the feet of basic
sciences”

55. Thank you
for your time
Mohamed Labib Salem, PhD
Prof. of Immunology, Tanta University