Thanks To Personal Computing Developing Into A Revolutionary

Thanks To Personal Computing Developing Into A Revolutionary
Thanks to personal computing developing into a revolutionary innovation in the early 1970s, 3D
printing was made possible in the late 1980's. 3D printing technology was at one point only
available for the business elites because of its high cost and limited production by few companies.
This technology in the the late 1980s began as a new additive manufacturing, changing and speeding
up what use to be subtractive manufacturing. Subtractive manufacturing relied on tooling and
assembly lines since it began, 3D printing however made it possible for companies to fabricate
prototypes on demand. However 3D printing is no longer limited to manufacturing, but has
developed into various categories as printer cost continue to go down, making it more ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Stephanie Crawford says SLA Printers work by a focused beam of UV rays on the surface of the
object to be recreated. The CAD designed object is filled with what 's called resin (photopolymer).
When the light hits the resin, the liquid hardens to form a high resolution 3D model of the object
that you designed. Hull, a few years later co found 3D Systems Corporation, one of the first
companies to sell a high end 3D printer and still is one of the leading companies with this
technology today. Charles Hull's first RP system, the SLA–1, was revealed in 1987 and quickly
followed ongoing testing until this system was sold in 1988. As always after new technology is
discovered, there is always new competition, in 1987, Carl Deckard, who at the time was working
for University of Texas, filed a patent in the US for the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS). SLS method
is somewhat similar to stereolithography (SLA) but instead of using liquid resin, you can use
powdered material in the instead. SLS made it possible to use a variety of materials ceramics, nylon,
aluminum, glass and steel or silver. In 1989 another new Printing process was invented by Scott
Crump, he too co found a leading company today Stratasys Inc. Scotts process was called Fused
Deposition Modelling (FDM). This process is what is widely used by beginners in 3D printing do to
its easy refillable and cheap material. FDM works by melted thermoplastic materials joined together
in
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3-D Printing Essay
Introduction
3–D printing is a relatively new technology compared to other manufacturing methods. It first
showed is face in the 1980's and then faded out of limelight due to the high cost of procurement and
operation. In the early 2000's, breakthroughs occurred when working printed kidneys appeared and
SLS (selective laser sintering) machines became available. During late 2009, the early advocates
finally produced machines cheap enough – but still capable of great precision and accuracy – that
were available to the consumer. These machines can produce items of virtually anything with
applications varying from fashion and food to advanced engineered systems. The versatility of this
type of machine promotes its popularity and encourages ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(troweprice.com)
Applications
Around 2010, 3–D printers became available to consumers in desktop form and their popularity
exploded. The most iconic example of these machines' emerging popularity is the 3–D printable
plastic gun, which was fully functional. This simple but cutting edge piece of consumer technology
became a diadem in the eyes of hobbyists and small scale manufacturers alike while arousing
concerns amongst governmental and anti–weapons activists as to the legality and safety issues 3–D
printers posed. (Simon Bradshaw)By now, anyone with only some designing inclinations could use
freely available Google SketchUp to create basic 3–D objects. Because of the applications of this
wonderful technology, the industry grew in leaps and bounds. With companies such as Boeing,
Virgin Atlantic, Bentley, Delphi and MTT investing into research and development, the estimated
worth of the industry is currently estimated at 2.2 billion dollars. (Jon Excell) Boeing's interest in 3–
D printing comes from their desire for complex, hard to manufacture parts for jet engines. In fact,
Boeing uses 22 thousand different 3–D printed parts across the broad range of their military aircraft.
(Christopher Winnan) Healthcare is right behind in the race to implement additive manufacturing
into medical practices. A recent ASME presentation on additive manufacturing exhibited images of
stents

3d Printer Course Project
Abstract:
A course project will be described that utilizes a 3D printer. This project asks students to design a
prop for use in a movie. This prop has specifications that the students need to adhere to. The student
groups are asked to design the object, print a model of the object, create a poster describing the
object, and make a presentation supporting the use of their object in the movie. The presentations
are made in front of the "Producer" and "Director" of the movie. The Producer and Director choose
the best design to be printed full size. The outcomes for this project include: students will be able to
think in a 3–D environment and students will understand the way 3–D printing works, students will
develop skills in turning designs into real–world objects, students will develop problem–solving
skills through the process of operating a 3–D printer, and students will develop skills in working as a
group and communicating the results. This project would be appropriate for students in a variety of
courses. The results of such a project will be shared.
Introduction
Using a 3D printer as a motivator for students to be creative can be a benefit to any currirulum. As
Van Epps, Huston, Sherrill, Alvar, and Bowen (2015) state "3D printing not only promotes learning
but inspires creativity and fun". One of the major goals ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Fantastic Flicks Film Company has hired you to create the "Holy Grail" for use in a new movie.
The title of the movie is going to be "Kentucky Smith and the Holy Grail". The premise of the
movie is that Smith, an archaeologist, searches the desert for the Holy Grail. He finds the Holy Grail
but has to fight villains to keep it. This project has been given to several other groups in your
company. You are competing with the other groups to have your grail chosen for the movie. If your
group is chosen, each member of your group will get a

Designing A Fdm Based Rapid Prototype Ie
Objective The purpose of this work is to design a FDM based Rapid Prototype ie. 3D Printer which
will corrects the errors found on other FDM printers and which provides high resolution and print
size. To make the design cost effective FDM based printer is considered as cost of making it and
cost of raw materials is very less. Resolution and material usage customization is great in FDM. Hot
end temperature need to be adjusted when different material types are used. When required it is
possible to mix different materials with different properties to produce a single printed object. By
end of this paper one is able to fabricate a 3D printer with low cost.
Abstract 3D printers are devices that can create a three–dimensional object from a ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Surely, the potential of 3D printing (3DP) has captured the popular imagination. From jet engine
parts to made–to–fit jewelry, the technology is hailed as revolution in how products are
manufactured. According to estimates, the global 3DP printer market is poised to hit $6 billion by
2017 from $2.2 billion in 2012, with global shipments of printers costing less than $100,000
expected to reach about 98,000 in 2014, roughly twice as many as in 2013.
Introduction
3D printer is capable of doing complex and difficult tasks in one long step. A 3D model of the object
to be made with a defined set of parameters and scaling ratios is given as input in STL file (design
model in CAD), which can then be converted into G–codes. This data is then used for controlling
the motors and extruding plastic based on the g–code generated.
This automated approach towards fabricating contrasts with the traditional way of manufacturing,
where an object is formed by removing excess material or folding and shaping materials

Future Availability of 3D Printers and Its Effects
Almost every houshold has a 2D printer. This paper will talk about the 3D printer, and how it has
saved lives, made lives easier, allowed people create amazing objects with the printer, made
production faster and cheaper, and how the printer will revolutionize the world as we know it. The
3D printer goes back to 1976, around the time that the Inkjet printer was invinted. Charles Hull
changed everything by making the first commercial 3D printer. He offered it for sale through his
company 3D Sytems in 1986. The way Charles's printer worked was via a technology called
stereolithography. Stereolithography is a technique that uses a laser to solidify an ultraviolet–
sensitive polymer material. The technology remained unkown from the general public until the
second decade of the 21st century. Manufactures used 3D printers secretly to make prototypes of
products for 20 years. In 1999 the first lab made organ was implanted into patients that were going
through urinary bladder augmentation, using 3D artificial scaffold layerd with their own cells. This
technology was made by scientists at the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine. The
technology opended the door to developing other strategies for engineering organs, including
printing them, Since they are made from the patients cells, there is little risk of failure. In 2002
scientists engineered a minature working kidney that is able to filter blood abd produce diluted urine
in an animal. This led them to the

3D Printing Analysis
NASA
Back in 2014, NASA used 3D printing to create a ratchet wrench. Even though this tool will not be
used in space, they are looking into 3D printers on board, the reason, astronauts may need a tool
they do not have and they will need to print one. Since files can be sent via email, the possibilities,
the efficiency and the amazing things that can be done are seemingly endless.
Dentistry
An article recently described the new dental experience as one where a digital wand is waved in
your mouth, and then taken to digital file where it would next go to the 3D printer. As you can
imagine, instead of days or weeks of waiting for new crowns, bridges or fillings, it can be done it 45
minutes, possibly. Since the dental industry, the lab part has been losing business to Asia who makes
the products for much cheaper, this new technology and help Americans get back market share in
the Dental industry. With the speed, efficiency, reduction of material waste, transport; this can make
dental procedures more affordable for patients, thus ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Recently a young girl had a tumor in her pelvis. The doctors printed out a 3D version of her pelvis,
they used it to make a plan to remove the tumor without having to amputate her leg. "Mayo Clinic,
have set up on–site printing labs in partnership with such makers of 3–D printers as Stratasys (Links
to an external site.)Links to an external site. , 3D Systems (Links to an external site.)Links to an
external site. and Formlabs. General Electric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Co." 3D printing is expected to grow to 1.21 billion dollars in the healthcare industry. Though it has
been around since the 1980's, recent software has made it much more efficient and a viable tool. The
article goes further to discuss printing on burn victims. While i understand plastics has a big lobby,
and it will be a hurdle, 3D printing in the medical industry has a solid

Power Of Personal Production By 3d Printing
Power of Personal Production Imagine that you could design a three–dimensional object as quickly
as it would take to decide on material and computer design: this idea is what created the technology
of 3D printing. From the conception of 3D printing in 1984, to the first stem cell transplant, 3D
printing has evolved from a sci–fi like idea to a realistic addition in individual consumer lifestyles.
Now instead of relying on large manufactures to produce a special or specific good, the consumer
has the power of this production in their own home, creating individuality through cost productive
methods of production. "When you produce something yourself instead of purchasing it, that
changes your relationship to it," says Chelsea Schelly, assistant professor of social sciences, of 3D
printing. "You are empowered by it." This empowerment is about to spur on a new industrial
revolution in the manufacturing and distribution cycle. In essence, this printing revolution will
encourage the individual to "create, innovate, and fabricate" their own personal design. In order to
obtain a clear understanding of the increasingly popular scientific technology of 3D printing, it is
necessary to research the history, current discoveries, and applications; however, maybe the most
important topics to be discussed are the future directions, possible hazards, and intentions of this
industry.
Although printing has been around for centuries, the beginnings of three dimensional printing can be

The United States Of America, A Country Driven By...
The United States of America, a country driven by business, money, and technological
advancement, has the third highest corporate income tax rate in the world; the highest among the
thirty–four industrialized nations of the Organization for Economic Co–operation and Development
(OECD) (Pomerleau, 1). Large corporations that have developed in the United States have
recognized this. In 1982, McDermott Inc., with the help of its lawyers, developed a strategy in
which they could continue with their business, founded in New Orleans, without having to be
punished by the prohibitive tax rates employed by the U.S. government (Mider, 2). Thus, the
corporate tax inversion was conceived; an idea that allowed businessmen and women that have used
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A tax inversion would allow a business to escape this high tax rate by "creating or buying a foreign
parent... Most importantly, perhaps, companies that invert overseas can take advantage of the
generous U.S. system of interest deductions for payments to their own affiliates abroad – benefits
that are only available with a foreign parent company" (Mider, 2). The change of address isn't
always a true move either as most companies that utilize this strategy usually keep their executive
headquarters in the US. Some companies that have transitioned to foreign turf include: Medtronic,
Burger King, Tim Horton's, Stratasys, and Horizon Pharma. Currently, New York–based Pfizer and
Dublin–based Allergan are dealing with a pending tax inversion in which the two would merge, a
$160 billion deal, making this the potential largest inversion ever (Dunsmuir, 1). The US
government is actively making new rules and regulations regarding corporate tax inversions which
has put the Pfizer–Allergan merge on hold. According to Lindsay Dunsmuir, "last November,
following the announcement of the Allergan–Pfizer deal, Treasury clamped down on inversions by
limiting a U.S. acquirer 's ability to set up a new foreign parent in a third country and to "stuff"
assets into a foreign parent to meet post–inversion ownership limits." Another treasury imposed
regulation would prevent Allergan's major deals that

The Public Companies, Invigor Group Limited ( Ivo ) And Ansys
Introduction
The purpose of this report is to analyse the two public companies, Invigor Group Limited (IVO) and
ANSYS, through the use of equity valuation techniques to evaluate whether an investor should
invest in either, one or both of the companies. There are two main equity valuation techniques that
can be used – the free cash flow (FCF) model and the residual income model (RIM) – however, this
report will only examine one model in detail, and explain why one model was chosen over the other.
With the volatility in the market and the unforeseen circumstances of each company's future, we will
be justifying our assumptions in our analysis to enhance our accuracy. This report will also examine
the background of each company, and forecast ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It specialises in innovative business intelligence, big data solutions for businesses and consumers
which are supported by strategic consulting, development and marketing services."
Invigor Group Limited is an Australia–based information technology and digital solutions company.
Founded in 1998, the company specialises in developing innovative digital technologies and data
analytical softwares in relation to online advertising, website design and the development of mobile
applications. In other words, it specialises in developing websites, mobile applications and softwares
(different platforms) to track, analyse and deconstruct online consumer behaviour, activity and
trends. This allows businesses to analyse strengths, weaknesses and demand gaps by better
understanding trending consumer interests and tastes, insight about product and sales activity,
consumer opinions/reviews of products and much more. The company has been developing
consumer–based online websites for the past 15 years, including:
GetPrice – an online (retail) price comparison site for consumers
Menulog – an online take–away and food delivery website that provides you with all the different
options (cuisines) available from local places that deliver food – very unique, because consumers
always like to try out new, different types of food – and Menulog provides you with a list of all the
possible cuisines within your area, and rates businesses based on speed, ratings

Advantages And Disadvantages Of 4D Printing In The Future...
As indicated by Skylar Tibbitts, "4D printing is the capacity to program physical and organic
materials to change shape, change properties, and compute outside of silicon–based matter." 4D
Printing, created as a coordinated effort between the Self–Assembly Lab, Stratasys and Autodesk, is
another procedure for printing adjustable keen materials. 4D Printing involves multi–material prints
using the Stratasys Connex printer with the additional capacity of shape–change starting with one
state then onto the next, straightforwardly off the print–bed. This method offers a streamlined way
from thought to full usefulness incorporated specifically with the materials, including; activation,
detecting and material rationale. Potential applications incorporate; robotics–like behavior without
the dependence on complex electro–mechanical devices and also versatile items, pieces of clothing
or mechanism that react to user requests and fluctuating situations.
With a solitary multi–material print, an item or instrument can change from any 1D strand into 3D
shape, 2D surface into 3D shape or transform from one 3D shape into another. Utilizing just water,
The highlighted capacity in the first TED talk is still a standout amongst the most fascinating –
adaptable water channels. The idea is that these channels would be modified to grow and contract
with the vicinity of water energy, potentially supporting the stream of water amid appeal, responding
to natural changes and notwithstanding repairing itself when damaged. In principle this ought to
spare time and labour by constraining substitutions and make the framework more

Digital Printers Vs. Laser Printers
IBIS forecasts the U.S market for 3D printer manufacturing in the U.S that will reach $1.4 billion in
2014 thus attaining an annual growth rate of 22.8% from 2009 to 2014. The prediction by IDC
predicts that worldwide 3D printer unit sales and installed base which will grow at a combined
compound annual growth rate of 59% through 2017 with the value of shipments attaining a 27%
CAGR in the forecast period.
Fig 4. (image. www. IDC)
3D printers compare market units, the value of shipments and installed base. IDC has predicted the
Average Selling Value, which will drop at a 19% CAGR through 2017.
3D and the Bio–Printing Systems
Bio–printing systems can be based on the inkjets or lasers. Theses print heads are useful in
depositing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Personalized drug dosing increases the efficacy and decreasing the risks of such adverse reactions.
Traditional manufacturing processes are not suitable for making personalised medicines, and they
tend to restrict the creation of dosage forms of complex geometries and drug profiles. These drugs
are beneficial to the patients since pharmacists analyze patient 's profile such as race, gender and age
to determine medication.
Medical practitioners use 3D printers in the production of medical printers. Such 3D printing
successes involves the creation of plastic limb prosthetics and the replacement of hips and bones. A
Recent study reports that 3D printing shows the shift of the medical manufacturing sector due to the
low cost and small sized printers that promises to enhance technology accessibility thus allowing
researchers and doctors to create personalized devices for their patients. For example a patient who
has developed an infection of experienced pain from non–customized prosthetic can use imaging
technology that shows the shape and movements of various parts of the human body.
The report by director of the Global Dental, Stratasys, looks at the business and economic benefits
of 3D printing and additive manufacturing across the health sectors (Khalyfa 909). His report
addressed the vertical applications for 3D printing and focusing on the scales ad values of
technology adoption and possible future opportunities for revenue and the

Disadvantages Of Biomedical Engineering
The human body is made up of a series of organs, each one serving its own unique and irreplaceable
purpose within a system. For the most part these organs function to the fullest of their abilities;
however, sometimes things go wrong, and organs, for whatever reason, stop working. When a vital
organ fails it begins a decline in all other organs and can eventually lead to complete organ failure.
This is because when an organ fails, there is nothing else able to imitate its unique structure and
function. In the face of this, scientists and medical specialists alike have begun to develop methods
to alleviate the consequences of organ failure. Some of these methods result from medicine,
geneticists, and mechanics, but truly, the most prospective of all the methods is via biomedical
engineering. Within biomedical engineering, through a method called Bioprinting, scientists can
now create new organs out of the patient's own cells, and have been doing so since 1999 (11). It
works like this. First you start with a blueprint outlining the desired structure of the organ(22). Then
you move onto the 3d printing machine, such as a Regonovo capable of running the inkjet sub–
method of 3d printing(15). This type of 3d printing is designed to build the desired object, or in this
case organ, by laying down the material layer by layer and allowing it to fuse together along the
way, allowing it to maintain structural integrity. Within a bioprinter there is bioink, which is a cell
filled

Advantages Of 3D Printing
TECHNOLOGY
Materials for 3D printing were very limited during the early days of the technology.
Today, there is a whole array of material types that are supplied in different forms (filament, powder,
pellets, resin, granules etc).
The first step in 3D printing is to design the 3D digital model using a CAD program or scan the
object with a 3D scanner. The model will then be 'sliced' into layers and converted into a printer–
readable file. The printing material will be added one layer at a time. Different materials are suited
for different 3D printing technologies. There is no 'one solution fits all' (The Potential of 3D
Printing, Pg 4, METI Journal).
Some 3D printers process powdered materials which utilize a light source to fuse layers of the
powder together in the defined shape. Others process ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Customers may bring their digital file or scan their objects at the shop to print out their desired
products.
Factories: Assembly lines and supply chains are reduced. Factories have highly developed and
specialized 3D printers. Spare parts are 3D printed on demand instead of being stock–piled. Broken
goods can be repaired by simply printing the spoiled component.
The (Big Innovation Centre, 2012) highlights some of the advantages of 3D printing. One of the
benefits of 3D printing is the ability to produce customized and personalized products. The
appearance of a product can be suited according to customer preferences. Secondly, 3D printing
reduces inventories. Retailers do not need to stockpile a large number of products.
Moreover, 3D printing reduces capital costs for manufacturers. As there is no need for an assembly
line, the need for a large scale investment in factories and machinery is reduced. Lastly, 3D printing
reduces transport costs, by removing the need for intermediate goods to be shipped from one factory
to another.
FUTURE OF 3D

Designing A Three Dimensional Object From A Bundle Model
3d–Printing
Introduction
3D printing, also referred as additive manufacturing assembling, is essentially a technique for
making a three–dimensional object from a bundle model. The object may be of pretty much any
structure. In additive manufacturing technique, an item to be composed is assembled from the base–
up by adding it to layers of the improvement material. The additive manufacturing procedure is
distinctive from the subtractive procedure, where material is evacuated from a square by strategies
such as chiseling or penetrating. The primary material used in the improvement of 3D items is
plastic, however as of late, there has also been a huge number of development toward utilizing
optional materials like metals of different sorts and also natural matter like carbon and its changed
subordinates (Bhandari, 2014).
Background "Hideo Kodama" of Nayoga Municipal Industrial Research Institute is mostly
considered to have printed the first strong object from an advanced outline of 3D printing. But still
the credit for the initial 3D printer mostly goes to Charles Hull, who in 1984 planned it while
working for the organization he established, 3D Systems Corp. Charles Hull was a pioneer of the
strong imaging procedure known as stereo lithography and the STL (stereo lithographic) record
group which is still the most broadly utilized organization today as a part of 3D printing. He is
similarly respected to have begun business immediately prototyping that was simultaneous with

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fused Deposition Modeling
CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF PLASTICS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, AHMEDABAD
Title : surface finish improvement of FDM manufactured parts & mechanical properties
characterization
(For PLA Materials)
Internal guide Member's Name
Mr, Dignesh thesiya 1. Keshardeep Jain
(Faculty, CIPET ) 2. Shubham Agrawal 3. Pankaj
External guide 4. Vaishali Bhadrasen
Mr, Nirmal patel
(Director, Krishna engineering) CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Principle
3. Material
4. Advantage & application
5. Literature survey
6. Test
7. References INTRODUCTION
1. What is 3D printing?
3D printing is also known as desktop fabrication or additive manufacturing. It is a prototyping
process whereby a real object is created from a 3D design. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
 Et al [1] the chemical post treatment does not require human intervention and has led to a
signiﬁcant improvement in surface ﬁnish at the expense of a negligible change in the prototype size.
 Et al [3] the surface finish can be improved by choosing suitable build orientation of the part. It
can also be increased by reducing the layer thickness of build material.
 We have coating parts with epoxy resins and paints; this is by far the easiest method, and is great
for beginners.
 Et al [3] it will increase the build time. Some authors has reported that proper setting of FDM
machine parameters may lead to better surface finish.
 Et al [3] Out of post processing techniques, chemical treatment has been used successfully by
some researchers to produce a very good surface finish.

 Et al [4] the material property geometry and accuracy influence the 3D model build by PLA and
polyamide were compared on the quality prototype. Quality prototype build by polyamide 3D
material in the powder form using SLS process were acceptable when compared the prototype build
by PLA 3D material in the filament form using FDM

Kraft : A Dominant Party
1) Research and state whether you think this is a true even merger or whether there is a dominant
party and why?
Although this merger look like a "win" "win" situation for both Kraft's and Heinz, I believe that
Heinz is a dominant party in this merger. In the surface it look like Kraft got more out of this deal.
1– the new company name is using "Kraft" first follow by "Heinz" coequal to " KraftHeinz". Kraft's
shareholders received a one–time cash divident of $16.50 per share. Why was the deal called
"coequal"?, there was a need to sweeten the deal by offering kraft's shareholders this incentive?
According to the terms of the deal, the current shareholders of Heinz will hold a 51% stake in the
newly formed company. These shareholders include 3G Capital and Berkshire Hathaway. The
remainder will go to the current shareholders of Kraft. To sweeten the deal for Kraft's shareholders,
they have been provided a one–time cash dividend of $16.50 per share. The cost of this dividend,
which amounts to $10 billion, will be borne by 3G Capital and Berkshire Hathaway. This will be
paid out as soon as the deal is finalized.1
Here are some of the reasons why I believe that Heinz is the dominant party for this deal:
The new company will have at its helm leaders drawn from the two merging entities. The chairman
of Heinz, Alex Behring, will assume chairmanship of the new company. The vice chairmanship will
be reserved for Kraft's current chairman and CEO, John Cahill. Bernardo Hees, the CEO

3d System and 3d Printing
. 3D Systems Case Analysis 2012 3D Systems and Cube® As a radical innovation, 3D printing has
been introduced to market over 30 years since 1980s. This technology revolution doesn't only
change the process of molding; it also adapts its industry to go green by reducing wasting materials.
In the contrast, object is produced by traditional technology (subtractive process) generates surplus
cut material. In the early period of development, it was applied in hobbyist uses and industry uses
such as design visualization, prototyping, architecture, education, and healthcare. In 2000s, along
with mass launches of portable 3D printers from several companies, 3D printer has stepped on
consumer product market; also, printed objects have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The company will constantly improve the printer itself as seen in the company annual report under
research and development expenses increased by $5.7 million, or 58.1%, to $15.4 million in the first
nine months of 2012 from $9.7 million in the first nine months of 2011 3D Systems Development
Culture Cube® and its complementary product The selling point of the Cube® 3D printer is not only
the machine itself but the company also offer a cloud service community–Cubify.com.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Cubify turns mobile device, PC or
tablet into a powerful mobile digital canvas to unleash creativity and bring ideas to life in 3D. On
Cubify.com, user can find coloring book, cloud gaming and share creativity in 3D experience. The
site also offers intuitive 3D Apps, rich 3D printable content libraries of games, puzzles, and any
other collections for creation, purchase, share, or even sell for money. Additionally, the website also
provides online printing service and has the printed object ship it right to customer later by air mail.
Therefore, this service has driven the company to hold competitive advantage over competitors.
People are increasing the awareness of cloud service where everything can be done over the air. The
company can create the value of its product by offering a place where community begins which
increasing in customer lock–in strategy and generate more

The 3d Industry Is Capital Intensive
Date:
12th February 2016
CEO:
Ayush Mehta
Group No: 3
Group Members:
Mitul Goel
Devanshi Raval
Rohith Balaji
Threat of new entrants
The 3D Industry is capital intensive. This may act as a barrier to small and medium sized
entrepreneurs. There are several compliances that are required from the industries such as under
employment laws, the company many not be able prevent other companies from benefiting from
some of their former employees; failure to comply with U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and
other legislatures may result in fines, criminal penalties and impact the goodwill of the company;
and subject to a large number of environmental laws pertaining to compliance. These laws indirectly
act as a barrier of companies to enter the market. There are several other barriers such as limited
mobility of operations due to manufacturing facilities, default in payment by customers could lead
to loss of huge account receivables which could impact the operation of the organisation; and
disruption of information technology systems or breach of data security could adversely affect the
business. These may be serve as deterrents for new entrants from entering the industry.
Bargaining Power of Buyers
Stratasys Ltd have customers worldwide, but due to high competition in the industry buyers tend to
have a high bargaining power because there are more varieties of the product available in the market
and this industry is more of technology and price oriented which leads to

3d Printing Or Additive Manufacturing
3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a
digital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive
process an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the entire object is
created. Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross– section of the eventual
object. It all starts with making a virtual design of the object you want to create. This virtual design
is made in a CAD (Computer Aided Design) file using a 3D modeling program (for the creation of a
totally new object) or with the use of a 3D scanner (to copy an existing object). A 3D scanner makes
a 3D digital copy of an object. 3D scanners use different technologies to generate a 3d model from
something that already exists. Recently, many IT companies like Microsoft and Google enabled their
hardware to perform 3D scanning, a great example is Microsoft's Kinect. This is a clear sign that
future hand–held devices like smartphones will have 3D scanners. To digitize real objects into 3d
models will become as easy as taking a picture. Prices of 3D scanners range from very expensive
professional industrial devices to devices anyone can make at home. To prepare a digital file for
printing, the 3D modeling software "slices" the final model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal
layers. When the sliced file is uploaded in a 3D printer, the object

History And Processes Of Digital Manufacturing
A company called 'Stratasys'said that Digital Manufacturing is a manufacturing method that
supplements weaknesses of traditional production processes. It helps delivery times and production
costs decrease with prototypes and final parts directly from CAD data while developing
synchronical product quality. (Stratasys, unknown)
As furniture industry becomes developed, digital manufacturing has taken a important place in the
industry. Therefore, this essay will illustrate the history and processes of the manufacturing and
features of objects that made through digital manufacturing.
Zode.z, Shane.X and Dejun.C argued that From the period of 1980s, lots of new ways of digital
manufacturing come out such as Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM), Automated
Manufacturing . (Zode.z et al, 2011: 2)
These new notions make it easier for us to analyze and predict the future of manufacturing, and
these improve the ability to analyze future manufacturing.
Since this era, Digital manufacturing has become a science including a wide range of sections of
science such as information science, engineering science and so on rather than a only technology.
(Zode.z et al, 2011: 2)
Donn.S (2014) said that as this technique has developed, it gave us numerous benefits in produce
product to designers, manufacturers and the world.
Firstly, using digital manufacturing could prevent waste of energy and materials as this process does
not use unnecessary things rather than mass production.
Secondly, In

Term Investment Tactics That A Capital Market Analyst
Everything comes at an expense. The world revolves upon an axis of currency. Although this has an
immoral implication, it contributes to capital market analysts having a job. They are responsible for
abetting clients, or investors, distinguish when to purchase/sell their shares in the stock market.
Besides aiding them with stocks, a capital market analyst yields several presentations and
demonstrates they have an established affiliation with the bank. Before helping the investors identify
when to purchase and sell, they must assist them decide on what to capitalize in. There happen to be
various different long–term investment tactics that a capital market analyst may practice. One
strategy they may exercise is investing in a stock and industry that their client comprehends. If the
client has no knowledge in the industry, it remains dangerous since they are not informed on what is
happening within the field. Another approach is to begin investing as early as possible; this allows
the money to have additional time to multiply. The other tactic is to diversify the investments. This
safeguards investors if one industry or the stock crashes; they ensure to not completely lose all of
the money they have invested. As of now, pharmaceuticals and 3D printing happen to be two
industries that remain appropriate for a long–term investment. There are several explanations why
the pharmaceutical industry is a popular long investment industry amid capital market analysts.

Shop Technician Experience
I came across your posting for a Shop Technician on Localwise and it sounded really cool. So I
visited your website and thought even cooler! I was practically drooling over your Stratasys uPrinter
3–D printer and how well kept your machine shop is. That being said, I'd like to officially apply for
the Shop Technician position.
A little about myself, I'm the hands on type. I know how to use basic hand tools and have some
machining training. I also hold a baccalaureate in mechanical engineering. Ok, that may be more
than what you're looking for in a tech but hear me out. I really enjoy prototyping and the process of
figuring how to build a device, component, machine or even a shelving unit.
My professional experience includes one year of manufacturing.

List The Advantages And Disadvantages And Schematics Of...
2.5.4. Curing: The model is dispatched from the moving perforated base platform. The developed
model contains some amount of liquid resin attached to the surface of the model. This resin has to be
cleaned and cleared. This is done by immersing the model in the alcoholic bath or solvent bath. The
model is further placed in Ultra violet Oven for further processing (heating).
2.5.5. Post processing: In this stage of post processing, the model that is removed from the perorated
platform are further subjected to the removal of the supporting structures and the final model is
ready. Figure 7: Schematics of SLA
2.6. Advantages:
 Excellent building process – The system is very stable. Once started the process is fully automatic
and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
List the reasons for the failure of the investment casting shell in case of using a completely solid
stereo lithography pattern?
2. List the technical specification of SLA machines
3. What are the process parameters of stereo lithography system that influence the part quality?
Explain in detail how they control or contribute to the surface integrity and part build time.
4. List the advantages and disadvantages of SLA printouts
5. What are the applications of SLA printouts? Explain why SLA printouts are more popular for
medical applications.
6. What are the different build styles used to create to create SLA parts? Explain with sketches.
7. What are the limitations of deep dip SLA process? Explain how these limitations are overcome.
Chapter 3: Fused deposition modeling
3.1. Introduction:
Fused deposition modeling is a Rapid prototype process of producing the component by the
extrusion process with the basic principle of the material deposition it layer above the other by
fusing it to the layer just beneath. The input file for this process is in standard STL data format.
Multiple build materials are can be used in this process as the build material and for the supporting
material. Fused Deposition modeling was invented by Stratasys. Inc for concept models
development which is now used for making the casting paterns and other products for foundry

Germany And The Economy Of Germany
understand given the type of product we will be selling and the industries we will be selling to.
Fortunately for us, Germany devotes 2.853% of its GDP to R&D activities which is even higher
than our home country of the United States which only devotes 2.806% of GDP (OECD II 1).
Ultimately, after thoroughly assessing the economic situation in Germany we as a country firmly
believe that we can be successful not just in Berlin, but the entirety of the country. Now that we
have briefly examined what we will sell and who we will sell it to and analyzed the culture and
economy of Germany. It becomes time to move to the final part of our report where we outline just
how we plan to market our product in Berlin to our target customers. Just ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This type of technology has countless applications for personalized patient care and the study of the
human body and could greatly assist hospitals and academic researchers. In addition to 3–D
printing's applications in medicine, our 3–D printing technology can also "Produce organic, complex
geometries that can 't be manufactured any other way. For parts that will be 3D printed, like jigs,
fixtures and custom components, you can set aside the usual design–for–manufacturing constraints"
and greatly reduce costs for the pharmaceutical industry in the manufacturing of their products
(Stratasys II 1). Initially we plan on selling two models of printers to service each of these two types
of customers. For the hospitals/clinics and academic researchers, we plan on marketing our Connex3
printer. We have chosen to market this particular model due to its ability to "Simulate everything
from soft tissue and muscles to cartilage and bone in a single print job. It can even incorporate clear
materials to get an unobstructed view of hidden tissues and blood vessels" (Stratasys II 1). For our
customers in the pharmaceutical industry, we are choosing to market our Eden 250 3–D printer due
to its aforementioned ability to construct complex geometries for

3d Printing 2013-2025: Technologies, Markets, Players
MarketResearchMoz added Reports on 3D Printing Markets
(http://www.marketresearchmoz.com/sample/search?searchTxt=3D+Printing&x=31&y=9) to its
vast database.
This report provides a roadmap for 3D printing technology (www.marketresearchmoz.com/market–
research/3d–printing–markets–ho ..) that will be invaluable to product managers of all kinds and its
scope extends to all serious applications and end user sectors that have been proposed for 3D
printing to date.This report pinpoints where the real opportunities will be found in the emerging 3D
printing sector. Readers of the report will find an application–by–application assessment of the
opportunities for 3D printing including comprehensive and granular ten–year forecasts of hardware,
Browse Complete Report With TOC@ http://www.marketresearchmoz.com/market–research/3d–
printing–markets–hope–hype–174518
###
3D Printing in Medical Applications Market (Medical Implants (Dental, Orthopedic, Cranio–
maxillofacial), Surgical Guides, Surgical Instruments, Bio–engineered Products) – Global Industry
Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 – 2019(
http://www.marketresearchmoz.com/market–research/3d–printing–market–global–industry–172430)
This report includes an estimation of the global market for applications of 3D printing in the
healthcare segment in terms of value (USD million) for the period 2013–2019, considering 2012 as
the base year. In addition, current market trends and recent developments are taken into
consideration while determining the growth rate of the global 3D printing medical applications
market.
The overall 3D printing market for medical applications has been categorized on the basis of its
applications, raw materials, and technology. The applications market has been focused only on the
medical applications of 3D printing and further segmentation has been provided which includes
implants, surgical guides, surgical instruments and bioengineered products. The 3D printing
technology market includes those technologies which are used extensively in medical applications
for manufacturing bio–models. These technologies comprises of laser beam melting, electron beam
melting,

Application Of The Additive Manufacturing
INTRODUCTION Additive manufacturing has been developing since 19841. Charles hull invented
it. In additive manufacturing 3 dimensional products are built by staking materials layer by layer. It
is also known as 3D printing. The scope of technology is sky rocketed with the intervention of the
fourth–dimension time, which is 4D printing technology. The interesting feature of 4D printing is it
can transform from 1D to 3D shape, 1D surface to 3D shape, or can morph from 3D form to another
form. In other words, the products can change and adapt to the external stimuli. This is a recent
advancement in technology additive manufacturing combined concepts of shape memory materials
and biomimetic composite In a TED conference Sky Tibbits head of MIT self–assembly lab, he
presented, how 4D printed object will perform self–assemblies over time period. He demonstrated
this process by using 3D printed multi–layer material. The multi–layer material was strands of
standard plastics which has property of absorbing water. The material will expand and folded into
particular design after absorbing water.
Recent development and researches in 4D printing Another demonstration of 4D printing conducted
on long beach, CA, prefabricated modules placed in rotating chamber. The modules have a magnet
at end. The magnet will activate only when the chamber attains particular temperature. At specified
temperature, the magnets will attract each other and

3d Printing Essay
3D Printing Quietly Thriving without Mainstream Adoption Silicon Valley first received its name
some 50 years ago in reference to a robust STEM research base housed in the area, but today it is
home to the some of the most powerful, innovative upstarts in the world. And so, the word
disruption has become synonymous with the Valley's obsession of using advanced technology to
solve old market problems. These days it means harnessing the power of data and artificial
intelligence in a real–world context. But before there was Big Data, 3D printing laid claim to the
distinction of most rousing technology. Early advocates claimed cheap 3D printers would jumpstart
a decentralized industrial revolution and in the process put bring the factory ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In the field of medicine, the technology has the potential to increase precision and improve the
overall effectiveness of surgical procedures. Some researchers are even studying applications in
tissue engineering such as printing complex cell patterns or organs. As the market continues to
mature, look for well established companies to explore business opportunities in the 3D printing
market. The emergence of large, blue chip players like General Electric (GE) and Ford (F) in the
past year further legitimizes the recent trend in additive manufacturing. General Electric's big bet on
3D printings intends to support its efforts to grow as a digital industrial company whereas Ford
hopes to print low cost automotive parts at scale. An aggressive push into 3D printing can help
revive top and bottom line performance at a time where both companies have struggled to lift
shareholder value. Other functions of 3D printing range from mass producing footwear, which
traditionally relies on low cost labor in third world countries, to constructing a home. Earlier this
year a new robot from MIT built a dome like structure spanning 50 feet wide and 12 feet high in less
than 14 hours. The 3D technology allowed for faster, cheaper and more adaptable construction, but
the long–term vision for the project is to build on Mars. Printing in three dimensions introduces a
wealth of opportunities with a broad set of applications, but one

The Entrepreneurial Root Of A Venture Like Makerbot Or Tesla
Assignment 1 Makerbot case study MSCI 602 Spring 2015 Nissrine Nadmi to Mina Allarkhia
Question 1 The entrepreneurial root of a venture like MakerBot or Tesla is pivotal in innovative
strategies required by any venture to enter a new market, become viable and eventually leading the
market. To break into a new market, it is inevitable that entrepreneurs would be faced with extreme
competition from other minor and major market players and other unknown threats. To prepare for
these eventualities, it is essentially that the entrepreneurs should have in–depth knowledge of the
existing market, the customerbase within the market, understand the customers' needs and how best
to satisfy these needs. A ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was their collective deep passion that gave birth to MakerBot. They all have common root and
entrepreneurial ancestry in computer networking, hacking and virtual computing which is a major
competitive advantage over others within the industry. With this business portfolio, the founders of
MakerBot already familiar with the business terrain of the industry and also knew well in advance
the challenges that lay ahead for them. It therefore becomes easier to tackle make correct decision
on effective strategies. Highlight key examples. In essence, MakerBot has significant economies of
scale over other companies within the industry as a result of its competitive advantage which was
due to the entrepreneurial root of the company so it had capacity to enter a new market or
technological arena as a result of the prior knowledge of the founders with the industry. As a way of
illustration, MakerBot was established in 2009 with a vision to empower hundreds of thousands of
customers to use open–source platform to power 3D printing and by 2012, more than 10,000 units of
the company's products had been shipped. While supplying units as much as 10,000 is enough
compelling reason to believe that MakerBot has the capacity to enter a new market or break even in
a new technological frontier, the company's further performances laid

Essay on 3D Printing Porter s Five Forces Analys
PORTER'S FIVE FORCES
Threat of new entrants
Existence of barriers to entry are low Few new firms can enter and non–performing firms can exit
easily 3D printing will lower barriers to market entry and will enable innovative start–ups to target
the market using crowd–funding.. Free R&D also dramatically lowers the barriers to entry.
Capital requirements – Lower costs of technology equipment. First, AM reduces the capital required
to achieve economies of scale. Second, it increases flexibility and reduces the capital required to
achieve scope..
Government policy – Although 3D printing opens up new practical challenges, protection of 3D
designs and objects under intellectual property, the policy questions about 3D printers are not ...
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Bargaining power of suppliers
Limited number of suppliers –In the case of 3D printing, early bargaining power of suppliers will be
strong as there may be many buyers of the technology and a limited number of suppliers.
Growing market for materials– Suppliers in marketplace may impact buyers through lower quality,
higher cost, or limited availability of products . Considering that a great segment of people today
want to own and use 3D printers, one is likely to profit by selling 3D supplies like new
manufacturing techniques equipment, specific software and specific material vendors.
Intensity of competitive rivalry
As with any new technology, 3D printing will encounter competition among vendors and across all
tiers of quality. As the product becomes easier to duplicate and manufacture and as equipment costs
go down, the number of competitors will increase..
Main competitors – "3D systems" and "Stratasys"– 3DSystems and Stratasys, leaders of the 3D
printing manufacturing market, have managed to counter the threat of competition by acquiring
strategic companies early in their life cycle. The two leaders' priority is to accelerate market share,
marketing and R&D while accepting temporary earnings reductions, to strengthen their marketplace
leadership

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