.

1. María Isabel Mejía Bustamante

2. introduction
PROBIOTICS
There are live microorganisms that
are consumed in the diet,and
produce benefits in the intestinal
microbial flora.
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
It's a pathology that produce a slow lost
in the renal function.
It’s considerate a disease that are
irreversible and progressive.
the probotis can do effects on the
biochemical and inflammatory parameters,
uremic toxin levels and gut microbiota
profile in CKD

3. TYPE OF STUDY
PLACEBO
CONTROLLED TRIAL
It's important to get the
true in the study and
don't confuse a
placebo with the real
effects.
DOUBLE BLIND
The patients and the
experimenters don't
know what is the
people that use placebo
and the people than use
the probiotics
RANDOMIZED
The election of the
people that use
placebo or not it's
aleatory

4. objective
“The objective of the study was to
evaluate the effects of probiotic
supplementation on the gut microbiota
profile and inflammatory markers in
chronic kidney disease patients
undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
(HD)”

5. materiales -participantes

6. EXTRACCIÓN DEL DNA
lisis
celular
precipitacion
de proteinas
precipitación
de DNA
Hidratación
del DNA
EXTRAER DNA
DE LA
MICROBIOTA
Xedition
soil/fecal
miniprep

7. reACCIÓN EN CADENA DE POLIMERASA
Es una técnica de amplificación enzimática de secuencias
específicas de DNA
aumentar un
segmento específico
de DNA a partir de
una polimerasa.
generan miles
o millones de
copias
la técnica contiene dos
cebadores
oligonucleótidos que se
pegan al DNA e inicia la
secuencia
el producto de cada
ciclo es el molde
para el siguiente
se usó para
amplificar la
cadena de DNA
que se sometió al
DGGE

8. procesamiento de muestras dgge
AUMENTO DE TEMPERATURA AGENTE QUÍMICO
Movimiento del DNA a través del gel
hasta encontrar su concentración
desnaturalizante (depende de los
nucleótidos)
las cadenas se separan localmente y el
desplazamiento de las moléculas disminuye
fragmentos de ADN con
secuencias nucleotídicas
diferentes tendrán diferentes
posiciones en el gel
Se usó para
evaluar el perfil
de la microbiota
intestinal

9. resultados

12. Discussion
AUTHOR WORDS THAT SAY CHECK OR NOT CHECK
Poesen R, Meijersjorn B,
Evenepoel
“Prebiotics may contribute to
modulation of the gut microbiota
and to improve the integrity of the
intestinal epithelial barrier,
decreasing uremic toxins
production and attenuating local
and systemic inflammation”
not check
Vaziri ND, Zhao YY, Pahl MV “ argued that factors associated
with CKD (such as uremia, dietary,
and medicinal regimens) create an
unfavorable biochemical milieu for
the introduction of probiotic
bacteria. Especially, HD patients
who have significant uremia which
leads to higher urea influx into the
intestinal lumen.
check

13. AUTHOR WORDS THAT SAID CHEK OR NOT CHEK
Urben LM, Wiedmar J,
Boettcher E, Cavallazzi R,
Martindale RG, McClave
SA.
in a study involving 16 HD
pediatric patients observed
no significant effects on the
IS and p-CS plasma levels
after 12 weeks by probiotic
preparation containing 8
species of bacteria.
Check
. Takayama F, Taki K, Niwa
T
A nonrandomized, placebo-
controlled trial evaluated
Bifidobacterium
longum supplementation for
5 weeks in 11 HD
patients and found a
significant reduction in IS
plasma
levels
Not check

14. conclusions
-the chronic kidney disease is a complicated pathology and
produce a lot of biochemical damage effects that can produce
other pathologies
-the study is fail because the population are really small
and don't controlled a lot of parameters that influence in
the results, but in theory the probiotic can help for a lot
effects that produce the CKD