David Nye

David Nye
Nick Amey
3/25/17
Midterm
1. David Nye is of the opinion that even if a new energy system is developed in the USA the process of conversion would be gradual and this can be
seen in the evolution of the structure as well as the composition of the energy systems in the USA over time. The historyenergy of America can be
traced in six energy systems from muscle power to "an eclectic bricolage of many technologies and conservation measures, coordinated by computer
technologies" (Nye, 253). The first one took place during the pre–Columbian period where the prime mover was the muscle power and stayed relevant
until 1920. New sources of energy were introduced by the European colonialists that included water, the wind as well as domestic animals. ... Show
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It was the dominant model that was responsible for delivering electricity to consumers. The traditional utility business model was formed within the
finance, technology as well as regulation interplay. It emerged as a result of the pioneers of industry such as Samuel Insull when they made a realization
that technology was able to allow power plants to become larger particularly through the use of steam turbines. In addition to that, it allowed power
plants to reach economies of scale that had the effect of leading to the reduction of the unit cost of power. In addition to that he together with others
realized that they could sell electricity to diverse customers and make money. The utility regulatory model works in such a way that technology is
employed in the production of electricity in large scale. The large production of electricity sustains the large firms which consequently made it
necessary for financing mechanism through holding companies that have many investors and in some instances low–cost financing access. This
consequently leads to regulation that ensures that the various electric companies operated as monopolies consequently avoiding capital resources waste
in duplicate infrastructure together with stabilizing the cost of capital through the reduction of risk and the provision of electricity service that was
affordable. The system shaped the development of the current system as the current system was based on that model and some moderations were made
to it to produce the current system. There are various alternative models to the traditional for–profit utility regulatory system that include cooperatives
and public power systems. Whereas the traditional model was for profit, the alternative ones are not for profit as they aim at providing affordable and
reliable electricity consumers at a reasonable price as well as protecting the
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Why Dr. Are Improved Energy Security, Cost Reflective...
7.Conclusion and recommendation
This chapter provides an overview of this project, makes recommendations and suggests further research areas.
7.1.Overview
DR is playing a big part in utilities around the world and is set to become even bigger, enabled by the smart grid and the increase in penetration of
DERs. South Africa has already started on this journey and has several DR programmes running in the industrial sector, mainly the larger consumers.
The smaller industrial, commercial and residential sectors remain largely untapped but have great potential. The stability of the national grid will
depend on larger integration of DR into all sectors.
The benefits of DR are improved energy security, cost–reflective tariffs and more integration of DERs, including renewable energy sources. DR is
required to drive the transition from a centralised power system to a decentralised, low carbon power system. Technology, data analytics and
computing enable the smart grid, opening the door for effective and automated DR. There are however some significant challenges that need to be
addressed and lessons to be learnt to realise the full potential of DR.
Various mines in the coal mining industry were used to quantify the potential for DR in the sector and included a mix of both open–pit and
underground mines. Each of the typical process flows was discussed as well as a thorough analysis of their electrical energy usage and costs. This led
to the identification of DRAs as well as a

In 2014 Alone, The World Consumed Almost 20 Million Gigawatt
In 2014 alone, the world consumed almost 20 million Gigawatt hours of energy, a large majority of which were produced by nonrenewable sources
(Key). Going forward, the world will need to move away from fossil fuels and embrace cleaner sources of energy. It must be decided whether the world
should run off of a nuclear powered grid or purely off of renewable sources such as solar or wind. Countries across the globe will need to make this
decision as developed countries change to more eco friendly energy sources while less developed nations seek to provide power for their population.
The main points for both sides of the argument are about cost, energy output, reliability, safety, and cleanliness. These are the most important traits for
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The proponents of nuclear energy favor the high energy output and low land usage over the benefits of renewable energy. The World Nuclear
Association, a nonprofit organization made up of members from all parts of nuclear power generation, also lists several other positives to nuclear
energy such as the security of its supply, the stable grid it supplies, and the low impact that fuel costs have on it. The secure supply that is mentioned
refers to how uranium can be purchased for a relatively inexpensive cost, and how a year or two's supply of it can be stored easily for little
expenditure. Unlike renewables that have grid stability issues due to the intermittence of their power generation, nuclear energy can provide a steady
base–load for power grids to work off of (Renaissance). Nuclear energy can also help stabilize the prices of electricity in deregulated markets as the
fluctuating price of fuel only makes up a small portion of the overall cost of constructing and operating a plant, therefore high fuel prices do not make
much of an impact on the cost of the generated power. There is also the aforementioned benefit of little land being used to generate power, as is
reported by Prastuti Singh's work at Stanford University. The land that nuclear energy can be used on is also much more flexible than that of

4.1. Overview of the tradable green certificates system...
4.1. Overview of the tradable green certificates system
The support system for renewable energy in Romania, i.e. quota system with tradable green certificates, was launched in 2004 in order to achieve two
goals: to reduce the prices for consumers and to protect the generators of renewable electricity. Wind energy, solar energy, biomass, micro hydro and
geothermal energy are all sources of energy that can be supported by this system [68].
The trading of green certificates is ensured by OPCOM (green certificates market operator) who establishes the prices on the centralized market of
green certificates. The green certificates are sold on the green certificates market, independently from electricity sold on the electricity market. The
green ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Renewable electricity producers operate both on the electricity market (as producers of electricity), and on the green certificates market (as owners of
green certificates). If they do not fulfill the annual mandatory quota, then they have to pay a penalty equal to the value of the green certificates not
purchased. The payment is made to Transelectrica S.A., who is the power grid company.
The evolutions of the Romanian economy and energy sector, as well as the international trends have induced the necessity of updating the strategies,
policies, plans and programs previously developed. The Romanian Energy Strategy for the period 2007 – 2020 updated for the period 2011 – 2020
states as the overall objective of the energy sector to meet the energy needs both now and in the medium and long term, at the lowest possible price,
suitable for a modern economy, and a decent standard of living, in terms of quality and energy security, respecting the principles of sustainable
development [61]. Having in mind the role of energy in society and in all economic sectors, the development of this sector is made under the
supervision of the state, through the development and the implementation of the sector strategy.
For the promotion of renewable energy sources the strategy envisages the following measures [61]:
–Development of the use of renewable energy sources for electricity and heat production through

The Modern Condition Of Canada 's Energy Consumption And...
The objective of this paper is twofold. First, we introduce the modern condition of Canada's energy consumption and the economic benefits. Second,
we define and analyze the projections of Canada's future with respect to the renewable energy frontier. The demand for Energy across the globe has
drastically increased since the Industrial revolution. From coal to steam, all the way to electricity and nuclear energy, modern economies and
industries rely on sustainable sources of energy to produce their desired output levels (Zelby 2002). Ontario, and Canada in general are on the frontier
of energy production and sustainability with regards to smart grid technologies and so forth (Ontario Energy Plan). Canada specializes in many of the...
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With a growing surplus, Canada will pay substantial amounts towards Research & Development, pushing forward Innovation in the energy sector,
leading to a brighter, cleaner future. This paper will discuss the frontiers of promising sectors of the Canadian Energy, specifically in Nuclear Energy
and Natural Gas/Oil, which will allow energy sustainability for the future of this country, and perhaps the world.
Lucrative Energy Sector: Uranium & Nuclear Power
"Nuclear Power is like the unloved child of renewable energy, it only gets noticed when it does something wrong, it has so much potential!" –
Anonymous Nuclear Energy in Canada accounts for over half the nations energy supply. This large amount of output is dependent on the
sustainability of the plant production and government policy towards it. With many of the Kilowatt Hours (KwH) being exported to nations across
the sea (World Nuclear Association 2013). Exports have skyrocketed due to our position on a global scale of uranium supply, second behind Russia.
Canadian industries and production campaigns use Nuclear Energy as their main supply. "About 59% of Canada 's electricity comes from nuclear
power, with 19 reactors mostly in Ontario providing 13.5 GWe of power capacity" (World Nuclear Association 2013). Currently there are nuclear plants
active in Pickering, Darlington and Bruce.

Nuclear Waste In Australia Essay
The overarching question of, 'Should Nuclear Waste be Disposed of in South Australia?' will be answered in this outcome. Nuclear waste is material
that has been used in a nuclear reactor. It looks exactly the same on the outside, as it did when it went into the reactor (see Figure 1). Once nuclear
fission has taken place inside the reactor to make electricity, the Uranium breaks into many unstable isotopes. These isotopes will remain radioactive
for thousands of years. Hence, the need for more nuclear waste storage facilities. A storage facility in South Australia would be geographically perfect
and hold low level (plastic), intermediate (see Figure 2) and high level waste, like spent uranium fuel cells. The answer will be supported and derived
from multiple sources, including; my survey data, expert reports, statistics, graphs and tables.
Overall Question – 'Should Nuclear Waste be Disposed of in South Australia?'
According to public voting records, two thirds of South Australian citizens, are against the proposal of a nuclear waste plant. This was similar to the
results gained from the survey, since 82% of the respondents were against. Despite these statistics, the positives of a nuclear waste plant in South
Australia, far outweigh ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, even if the South Australian Government could convince the voting public, the plan would require federal approval and changes to the law.
This decision will affect numerous generations to come, since the waste will stay radioactive for thousands of years. Therefore, it is essential that the
right decision is made. Humanity is stuck with nuclear waste, so let's make the best of a bad

Symbolism Of The Birthday Party
The Birthday Party hat is a symbol known to many. It represents what is most likely the most celebrated event in all of mankind, the Birthday. The
Birthday Party hat is the perfect symbol for the Birthday Party, not only because it is what comes to mind when a Birthday is thought of, but
because it is also filled with with colors that might remind you of your birthday party experiences. The mascot is supposed to represent the
birthdays of the voters, because the birthday party cares about you, and wants to make America a better place for everyone. Opponents might think
that the party mascot represents the birthday party as well. Because there's not much debate on what a birthday party hat means. It's the universal
sign of a birthday, along with cake and presents, although presets could also represent Christmas. Opponents could also say the hat represents the
birthday wish that someday, someone from this party will become president, although they most likely will not believe in birthday wishes, therefore
insulting the Birthday Party in a very underhanded way. They might also say that the birthday party mascot means nothing at all, that it's just a
stupid symbol for a stupid party. Education is a important thing in the lives of all children, so that they may grow up to lead good jobs, and make
enough money to support themselves and their family. This is why Education is so important to Birthday Parties, this is why we believe that all
children should have well funded schools to be educated in, so that students will be able to do things in school that rewire a higher budget, like have
computers for every student, or expanding or renovating old school grounds. Since education is so important to the lives of children, our party believes
that the government should not change the laws around mandatory school attendance. This is because education is very important to children; But if
children are not getting educated because they didn't have to go to school because it they didn't want to, then how will they fair later in life? Where
people are only really willing to hire people with High School education levels, but since these children did not get the education that was provided,
then they might have to get jobs

How Does Energy Affect Our Safety Through Our National...
Looking for apartments and being on my own for the first time brought to my attention how expensive energy bills can be. I was determined to
research a way to save on energy and cut down my bills. While looking through the solutions I came across an intriguing discovery. Over the years
energy efficiency has become an epidemic, whether it affects global warming or protecting the environment, saving money or improving the economy;
conserving energy has a lot more to it than many people will ever know. Everything we do requires energy. There is heat energy, light energy,
mechanical energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy, and so on. The fact that I was most intrigued by is that energy plays a big part
in our national... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As you can see the federal government deals with any crisis that arrives in our country to protect its citizens. A crisis could occur at any moment in our
lives and National Security is here for our protection. Now that we know what National security is and what it has to do with our everyday lives, I'd
like to explain what national security has to do with energy. I mentioned that one of the branches of our national security is the security of natural
resources and energy. "By the word energy is meant the power of doing work; and the energy which a laboring man possesses means, in the strictly
physical sense, the number of units which he is capable of accomplishing," (Stewart, 647). Since man require such energy to do work, it is important
that a group focus solely on energy security. "Energy" and natural resources can consist of materials we use in our everyday lives; water, sources of
energy such as the wind and sun, fossil fuel, land, and power. As of 2011, the US has been one of the world's largest energy consumers (Sovacool).
Sovacool also describes energy security as "equitably providing available, affordable, reliable, efficient, environmentally benign, properly governed and
socially acceptable energy services to customers."
We now know that energy security is one of the more important branches of national security, but what I

Bureaucratic And Government Organizations : Policies And...
Bureaucratic and Government organizations: Policies and Bottlenecks in clean energy investments.
VIKAS PATEL, 1402207, NITIE Mumbai EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Developing countries needs huge investment in energy sector to achieve development goals
Deployment of new clean technology can help meet two objective in energy sector: to improve access to and reliability on modern energy services and
to help shift to sustainable energy development. Modern era technology has the potential to increase the availability of cleaner energy at low cost and
maintaining environmental sustainability. In developing countries 2.4 billion people still use biomass for cooking, 1.6 women and children die each
year from indoor air–pollution. 1.6 billion People have no ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Assessment is based upon feasibility, financial viability, risk involved in implementation, macroeconomic stability, educated class, infrastructure
functional bureaucracy, law and policies of government, as well as sentiment of market regarding that product and service.
Lack of clear guidance, market structure, and lack of incentives for clean energy production, regulation and implementation can be a barrier in
execution of clean energy projects. These problems have different facet in different countries and pose different danger. Integrated framework for
technical and financial support to private players should be set up. Bilateral and regional trade agreements should be to foster investment in energy and
to fulfill the objective of energy efficiency (OECD, 2007).
Global new investment in renewable energy Total new investment including
, developed vs. developing countries, govt`s R&D and total financial 2005–2012, $bn investment, 2005–12, $bn Source: UNEP, Bloomberg new energy
finance 2012
INTRODUCTION
Clean energy sources includes wind, solar, thermal, ocean, geothermal, bioenergy, hydro, marine and ethanol. Clean energy can also include
non–renewable low carbon technologies such

Fukushima Energy Crisis
On March 11, 2011 Japan was rattled by a powerful earthquake and tsunami. When the tsunami hit, thousands of lives were changed forever. The
tsunami claimed lives, destroyed homes, businesses, and roads and left an excessive amount of debris. The impact of the tsunami also caused a major
power outage which in turn caused a nuclear meltdown/explosion at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. With the devastation of that day and
the days that followed, there will be long–term effects on the environment and the quality of life of the Japanese people. When nuclear power is used,
there is a possibility of a nuclear meltdown and/or explosion, thus Japan should not be using nuclear power as a source of energy.
While nuclear power seems to be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The earthquake and resulting tsunami that hit Japan in March 2011 is likely to be the costliest natural disaster on record" ("Economic Impact of the
Tsunami"). The nuclear meltdown/explosion that followed is still creating havoc on the Japanese people. The effects of this debilitating disaster will
continue to affect the region not only for this generation but generations to come. The area is still riddled with debris not only left from the tsunami,
but the radioactive clean–up as well. Much of the area affected by the nuclear disaster is still desolate. No one really knows when or if life can return
to normal in the areas that were affected by the nuclear fallout from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
Work Cited
"Analysis: The legacy of the Fukushima nuclear disaster." Carbon Brief. Published by Climate
Brief Ltd – Company No. 07222041, 10 Mar. 2016. Web. 09 May 2017.
Asia–PacificEurope. "Renewable Energy for Japan: A Post–Fukushima Quest."
Knowledge@Wharton. N.p., 03 Oct. 2013. Web. 01 May 2017.
"Economic Impact of the Tsunami." ConnectED. McGraw–Hill Education, n.d. Web. 01
May 2017. ©Asahi

Nuclear Power And Nuclear Energy
Nuclear energy was first introduced into the world when Admiral Rickover decided that there should be a new way to power submarines. They were
successful in launching a nuclear–powered submarine in 1954. This new idea of using nuclear power was starting to arise in the 60s and 70s when
they made their first nuclear reactor. Even France decided that it was time to propel their society into nuclear powered energy which is now powering
75% of their electricity (Touran, 2013). Nuclear energy has acquired a large amount of attraction, the beginning of a new future awaits the people of
the United States; One filled with eco–friendly energy and the construction of a world filled with nuclear energy. People across the United States are
starting... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though nuclear power plants are so expensive to build and open, creating nuclear power plants can help create more jobs so that this cycle can
improve and better the United States. Nuclear power plants need so many employees in order to function which can help end the poverty that
occurs when jobs are so few; while a gas plant only needs a small handful of employees to keep it running, nuclear plants create more than 1,000
jobs for people who are in need of working (Gold and Sweet, 2017). In China, alone, four new nuclear plants were built that created 20,000 jobs for
United States citizens (Shellenberger, 2016). Not only does this create jobs inside of the factory, but think about the large amount of security jobs
that would be available due to the large amount of people that would want to get inside of the building to steal materials in order to create nuclear
bombs or weapons. There would need to be a large amount of security protocols and officers in place to enforce safety (Lynas and Bradford, 2012).
Not only does nuclear power plants produce more jobs for the United States, but it was also help lower the prices of energy. Even though there are
cheaper sources of electricity, they will never be able to compare to the amount of energy that nuclear energy produces. 35 miles North of Manhattan,
Indian Point Plant creates a large amount of power for the city of Manhattan as well as its surrounding suburbs. If Manhattan

Nuclear Power: The Most Reliable Source Of Nuclear Energy
Nuclear power plants are, "a facility that converts atomic energy into usable power" (OECD Glossary). Although nuclear power plants have many
advantages, they have have very serious threats. Nuclear energy is controversial because many serious accidents can happen through the use of nuclear
power plants but life is much more efficient with the use of nuclear power plants. . I believe that nuclear power should be used. It is the most reliable
source of energy. It does not cause pollution, which will m make our world much cleaner. Lastly, because it is much more efficient than the use of
fossil fuels.
Nuclear power plants should be used because it is the most reliable source of energy. When a nuclear power plant is in the mode of producing energy,
it can run for 18–24 months straight without stopping. Conversely, solar and wind depend on the weather forecast. Nuclear power is not affected by
and does not depend on the climate. Nuclear power is extremely persistent: "The best part is that this energy has a persistent supply. It is broadly
accessible, there is a lot in storage, and it is believed that the supply is going to last much, much longer than that of fossil fuels that are used in the
same capacity" (Conserve–Energy–Future). Nuclear power is better in all aspects than the use of fossil ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nuclear power plants have a high energy density compared to fossil fuels. Nuclear energy requires much less fuel than other sources of energy. The
greatest benefit of nuclear power is that is doesn't rely on the rapid change of oil and gas prices: "It doesn't rely on fossil fuels and isn't influenced by
fluctuating oil and gas costs" (Conserve– Energy– Future). Overall, the efficiency of nuclear power plants is greater than the efficiency of fossil fuels.
It uses less fuel causing less pollution, has a higher density of energy, and it is the most persistent source of

Nuclear Power And Its Effects On The World
On October 24th, Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders said, "Climate Change is real! Climate Change is caused by human activity!
Climate Change is affecting all parts of the world." Sanders speaks about the disruption of ecosystems, the dying of species, and the destruction of
earth's atmosphere. The creation of increased greenhouse gases caused by heavy reliance on fossil fuel energy has disrupted Earth's equilibrium.
Sanders calls for alternative energy in America; hailing countries that have transformed their fossil fuel dependency.Nuclear power is a relevant factor
in alternative energy for policy–makers. In the 1950's, anticipation for nuclear energy was very high, people thought that new advancements in nuclear
energy would make electricity free. Nuclear power was successfully implemented for commercial use in 1954 Russia. Since then a total of 438 nuclear
reactors were created around the world, including the United States, with 67 still under construction. Nuclear power support has always waned
throughout the years, reaching high points of investment when oil prices skyrocketed in the 1970's. Nuclear power is praised for its efficiency and
minimal environmental impacts, however common misconceptions about the danger of nuclear power/power plants, discredit nuclear energy as a
better alternative to fossil fuels.
"The Soviet Union spent large sums of money constructing a successful nuclear power plant. The first nuclear reactor that produced commercial

Oil: Can We Survive Without It?
November 24, 2011
Oil: Can We Survive Without It? Oil production and inventions of alternative energy sources have been critically analyzed from the beginning of
energy production. Alternatives such as wind power, water power, and solar cells are just a few of the many alternative energy sources that will be
addressed and by providing factual evidence, their potential will be illustrated. When examining these touchy topics one major question can be
addressed: how reliable will alternative energy sources be once oil is gone? Further examination of topics such as the efficiency of energy alternatives,
accessibility of energy alternatives, the amount of energy alternatives available, the technology needed to obtain new energy ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Since the concern of not having the right amount can no longer be considered a problem, we must now investigate the accessibility of the wide variety
of alternatives energy sources. Alternative energy sources may or may not be renewable. Alternatives such as wind, solar, hydro, and thermal will
always be replenishing so the problem is not accessing these alternatives but actually going out and putting in the effort to utilize these resources. All
that is required of people or companies is to build the necessary equipment required to capture the designated alternative energy source. As illustrated by
Berinstein, "wind power systems can be designed in many ways. Most systems include a rotor with two or three blades...and an electrical generator..."
(100). People do not even have to follow a specific design; designers have the ability to design their products based on the needs of the people wanting
to buy them. They can be designed for high output, land conservation or even for minimal maintenance. Also illustrated by Berinstein, "Small turbines
are simpler...These systems require less maintenance, but of course, they produce less energy" (100). This specific system could have been designed
for unused terrain which means it is not easily accessible for persistent maintenance checkups. Since many alternative energy sources are renewable

Causes And Effects Of Pollution
Stephen Allen
Ms. Spain
English IV
8 December 2014
The Causes and Effects of Pollution
There are constant news reports about pollution and how it's destroying earth and how it helps the greenhouse effect on Earth's atmosphere. There are
many different sources of pollution, even some that may not seem likely to produce so much.
There are many causes of pollution in the environment. Some include natural sources of pollution and some are caused by manmade sources of
pollution. Whether they are natural sources or manmade sources, they all contribute to the destruction of our atmosphere and rising
CO2 levels which cause the "greenhouse effect". The greenhouse effect is just a saying that our planet's average temperature keeps rising at an
uncontrollable rate.
As the epa states "Most air toxics originate from human–made sources, including mobile sources (e.g., cars, trucks, buses) and stationary sources (e.g.,
factories, refineries, power plants), as well as indoor sources (e.g., building materials and activities such as cleaning)."
(E.P.A, pollution and sources).
These types of sources we us in our everyday lives like cars, trucks, and buses, and many that we use but don't realize like when we us electricity made
from a power plant.
There are several alternatives to many of these sources, like having an electric car compared to a car that runs off of fossil fuels. Another alternative is
trying to have your community start harnessing solar energy, wind energy, or (the

Shale Gas Fracking As A Means Of Increasing Energy...
Title:
Turning Shale to Energy: UK government investment in shale gas fracking as a means of increasing energy security
Hypothesis:
This project will support the view that UK government investment in shale gas fracking will decrease dependence on foreign energy imports.
Research Aims:
1.To examine the role of the Middle East and Russia in the energy market and why in the last 5–10 years, the oil, coal and gas market has been deemed
insecure.
2.To discuss the UK's dependence on imports of foreign energy and why investing in shale gas resources would strengthen the state's energy security
and economy.
3.To highlight the concerns of national environmental and conservation groups on the environmental impacts of fracking. Theoretical Debate:
Case Study:
In the mid–1960s, sources of natural gas were found in the North Sea. By the 1980s, although coal was the primary source of electricity in the
country, gas was seen as the cleanest, cheapest and most reliable source of energy available (Bradshaw, 2012, p. 7). However by 2005, North Sea
production dried up and the UK was once again dependent on foreign gas imports. In 2009 imports from foreign states supplied almost half the
UK's energy needs; by 2020 this is expected to rise to between 80 and 90 percent. In 2011, the demand for gas reached 37% (Taylor, 2013, p. 109).
Thus like many other countries in the EU, today the UK is debating the costs of importing energy from overseas and the importance of energy security.
There

Nova Scotia 's Clean Energy Targets
Nova Scotia's Clean Energy Targets
The government of Nova Scotia has made policies to reach certain environmental standards in energy production through the Environmental Goals
and Prosperity Act, passed in 2007. These targets include Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction of 10% below 1990 levels by 2020 Reduction in
emissions of Sulphur Oxide, Nitrogen Oxide and Mercury 25% of electricity supply produced by renewable resources by 2015 40% of electricity
supply produced by renewable resources by 2020 (Abreu, 2013, p. 13)
These goals support the Canadian Federal Government targets set in 2012, allowing Nova Scotia 7.5 million tonnes of CO_2 emissions by 2020 (a
25% reduction from 2007 levels) and 4.5 million tonnes by 2030 (a 40% ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The transport costs of shipping coal were minimal since it was a local resource. Coal mining also created local employment and enabled Nova Scotia
to avoid relying on imported fuel sources to produce electricity.
However over the course of the 1980's and 1990's, most Nova Scotia coal mines have shut down, due to their increasing operation and maintenance
costs, lack of coal being found and low environmental quality of the coal. As a result, in 2012, 59% of Nova Scotia's electricity came from coal
combustion, all of which was imported. (Abreu, 2013, p. 22) Nova Scotia currently imports most of its coal from Colombia, Venezuela and the
United States, putting Nova Scotia at the mercy of global trade markets. (Hughes, Nova Scotia 's Energy Strategy, 2009) Moreover, the mines in
Colombia that produce much of the coal burned in Nova Scotia have persistently bad records of human rights violations, leading a Cape Breton
University professor who tracks the sources of Nova Scotia's coal to argue that every time Nova Scotians turn on a light switch they are complicit in
human rights violations in Colombia. (Herald, 2014) Examples of Nova Scotia's encounters with energy insecurity include the inability to access
Petcoke following Hurricane Katrina in 2005–2006 and the refusal of a Colombian coal shipment during political tensions. (Hughes, Does Nova
Scotia Have an Electric Future? , 2008, p. 4) Coal prices have risen steadily for the

Switching To Nuclear Energy
People who support nuclear energy argue that it is an efficient source of energy. This means that energy can be produced quickly and people can use
it when they need it. It makes enough energy to provide people with their desired needs. These people also believe that it is easy to make the switch to
nuclear power. That it is easy to add power plants and switch to nuclear energy. People who agree with nuclear energy believe that even though it takes
carbon dioxide to create these power plants, once they are running, they will cut down on CO2 emissions (1). It is very deceiving because at first it
appears like we would be eliminating the majority of fossil fuels that are being burned. However, people don't realise that even though the factories ...
Building enough power plants to provide the world with energy would mean increasing our CO2 production in the process of making them. Once the
power plants are built, although they don't use CO2 to produce energy, to keep the factories running and transport all of the waste releases more CO2
(1). Switching to renewable energy would progress us further into stopping climate change. We would be cutting down on CO2 emissions by a much
greater amount. This would make a more significant difference on the climate change (1). This shows that using renewables would make a larger
impact on the world and how to help save it. The Industry already has technology to switch to 100% renewables, they just don't want to let go of their
nuclear technology (4). Another danger of nuclear power is the risk of terrorism and violence. People are worried that if violent protesters advance on
nuclear technology, the amount of violences will increase. This is another reason to end our nuclear technology knowledge while we can (1).
Furthermore, not only do nuclear plants harm the industry and economy, they also harm the people and the environment. The evidence is showing that
being around nuclear radioactivity causes people to have cancer. Not only does the radiation cause people to have cancer, but it also damages their
DNA. Additionally, it harms the environment, not just humans. Animal's are affected in several different forms. Some examples are, Diarrhea,
vomiting, internal bleeding, anemia, exhaustion, permanent sterilization and death

Persuasive Essay On Nuclear Energy
What nuclear energy is–is when energy is released during fission or fusion, especially when used to make electricity. Nuclear energy is important
because it is a competitive electricity source, it could lower the rate in which the climate is changing, there is an increasing demand in the need for
electricity, there is a secure amount of supplies, and the economic effect it would have would be very beneficial. My stance, after learning more about
it and understanding various aspects of it, is that I support nuclear energy fully.
Climate change is beginning to become more and more of a serious problem in today's modern age. It's because we use too many fossil fuels like gas,
coal, and oil. These fossil fuels are polluting our Earth faster than we will be able to fix it. Nuclear energy will be able to fix that problem. With
cutting out oils, gases, and coal, it would produce fewer greenhouse gasses and make the world a significantly cleaner place. The World Nuclear
Association, said that: "Increased awareness of the dangers and effects of global warming and climate change has led decision makers, media and the
public to realize that the use of fossil fuels must be reduced and replaced by low–emission sources of energy, such as nuclear power, the only readily
available large–scale alternative to fossil fuels for production of continuous, reliable supply of electricity." The uses of nuclear energy will have very
few, if any at all, effects on the Earth's climate and will help

The Energy Supply And Usage Of Renewable Energy
Chapter 1: Introduction to Thesis
Introduction to Thesis
1.1 Statement of the problem
The world's energy supply and usage harnessed by humans are predominantly occupied by fossil fuel combustion a non–renewable resource. On the
other hand small fractions of the energy harnessed by humans are renewable resources at only about 13% of the total energy sourced. With fossil fuels
emitting high amounts of greenhouse gasses that affect our climate negatively in the long term in addition to its non–renewability, alternative sources
of energy supply particularly in the category of renewable energy can help alleviate the impact of the shortage of resources and the harmful impact of
our energy usage on the environment. Salinity–gradient energy can potentially be a part of this alternate source of renewable energy as well as gas
emission–free as it is based on the mixing of solutions with different salt concentrations through the uses of Osmotic pressure and a membrane.
Salinity–gradient energy is applied through the application of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) and its use for power generation has made it a viable
pairing for desalination plants that use reverse osmosis/forward osmosis (FO/RO) in its processes.
Salinity–gradient energy has only gained substantial attention in the last 10 years due to increasing cost of fossil fuels and because of its relatively
new upbringing there is still a lot of research and understanding to be achieved. One of the major reasons for this belief

Nuclar Energy Pros Essay
In our society, nuclear energy has become one of the most criticized forms of energy by the environmentalists. Thus, a look at nuclear energy and the
environment and its impact on economic growth.
Lewis Munford, an analyst, once wrote, "Too much energy is as fatal as too little, hence the regulation of energy input and output not its
unlimited expansion, is in fact one of the main laws of life." This is true when dealing with nuclear power. Because our societies structure and
processes both depend upon energy, man is searching for the most efficient and cheapest form of energy that can be used on a long term basis. And
because we equate power with growth, the more energy that a country uses, –the greater their expected economic ... Show more content on
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Because the energy technology that society employs directly influences the quantity and quality of life, the energy option that is chosen should have
the greatest cost– benefit effectiveness as well as maximizing flexibility and purchases. However, those who believe in continuous energy consumption
growth, seem to forget that there is only a limited supply of energy in every energy system, and to "overdo" any resource may provide for
an unacceptable impact upon global and regional ecology.
Thus, if the business world pushes the environment as far as it can go, Ceribus Paribus, please refer to figure 1. Thus, to use petroleum as a substitute for
uranium, which is needed to power the nuclear system, would not be economically or environmentally sensible. I say this because, first of all, there
is a major supply of uranium considering it was one of the last energy sources to be found as well as only a small amount of it is required to
produce a lot of energy. Secondly, petroleum gives off carbon monoxide which is one of the reasons for ozone depletion; whereas, the uranium does
not give off pollution except that it produces plutonium which needs to be buried for more than fifty years to get rid of its

Summary: The Controversial Use Of Nuclear Energy
The Controversial Use of Nuclear Energy
In this world, all of our natural resources are limited, which creates scarcity. However, this does not stop people from consuming them, forcing
people to look for an alternative. Electricity needs a fuel source, which for the moment, we use fossil fuels. People are now considering the use of
nuclear energy as an energy source that is a tradeoff for renewables. However, nuclear energy is still considered controversial due to its costs and
possible effects; on the other hand, nuclear energy can be the revolutionary change that can help with the climate change. Nuclear energy, like anything
else, has its pros and cons, but before making a decision, one must compare the costs and benefits in order to make ... Show more content on
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While, coal–burning plants release tons of ash into the atmosphere, which is a cause to acid rain ("Nuclear Energy", 2015). Additionally, coal–burning
plants release a toxic gas, which has been associated with cancer; moreover, the burning of fossil fuels has been proven to cause the release of
carbon dioxide and global warming ("Nuclear Energy", 2015). On the other side of the spectrum, nuclear plants have been known for their issues in
the leakage of toxic wastes, creating a risk of harm to the individuals who live around the area (Natural Resources Defense Council, 2007). Moreover,
nuclear reactors create toxic wastes and until now the plans for long term storage for these wastes have not been created, which leaves the question of
if there will ever be a plan implemented ("Nuclear Energy", 2015)? Illustrates that an investment in a nuclear plant might be riskier than making an
investment with a coal–burning plant. The third incentive people agree with the use of nuclear energy is because the equipment is already available.
Unlike nuclear energy, renewables still need some type of an advancement in order to be as effective as nuclear energy (Williams, 2014). On the other
side, due its excessive costs and amount of time taken to build the nuclear plants, investors are using rationality and seem to want to wait for
technological

Economic Significance Of Renewable Energy Policy
ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY IN INDIA: A CASE STUDY OF GUJARAT'S SOLAR POLICY
I.Introduction
The transition to a greener energy regime in India is driven by both external factors, like energy prices, market developments, political culture and the
emphasis on climate change, as well as by internal factors like the goal to achieve long term energy security and the need for enhancing access to
energy. The early emphasis onrenewable energy in India was primarily on the wake of energy security concerns mooted during the global oil crisis
around 1970s. Commission of Additional Sources of Energy (CASE) in 1981 was set up by Government of India (GoI) as one of the early response to
such a crisis. CASE was transformed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is argued that policy reforms initiated during the past two decades have transformed India's energy sector from a predominantly government
owned system to a system largely driven by market elements. This is also evident in the case of renewable energy where the Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy (MNRE) identifies the development of renewable energy in India across various phases: 1970s as research phase, 1980s as
demonstration phase and 1990s onwards as commercialization phase with greater participation of private sector entities.
The renewable sources of power in India still constitute a small portion of the entire power production of the country, with the total installed
capacity of 32,000 MW (which is about 12% of the total installed capacity). Out of the total installed capacity, solar energy constitutes about 10 %
(3200 MW). The solar potential of the country is huge. It is estimated that about 12.5 % of India's landmass, which is about 413,000 square
kilometers, can be exploited to harness solar energy. The country on an average enjoys 300 sunny days with an average hourly solar radiation of about
200 MW/square kilometer. The major recent initiative in the solar space is the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched in 2010
by the Central

Democritus of Abdera and the Discovery of the Atom
Since the ancient Greek philosopher Democritus of Abdera first discovered the atom, man's interest in the atom has only increased as studies of it
continued. Reaching its pivotal point of advancement during WW2, as Einstein's work was finally put into practice as scientists from the U.S detonate
the first nuclear weapon, which unintentionally, later ushers in a cold war. After the cold war, the development of nuclear power leads to serious
complications as several units fail, making people question its use in modern day society. Democritus of Abdera was a greek philosopher born
around 460 BC, a cheerful and blissful man. He was one of the two founding fathers of the Atomic Theory. His thought process on the theory, was
that matter was comprised of tiny building particles called atoms. This theory was widely questionable at this time. As people were not very well
accustomed with accepting new ideas, and/or new concepts of philosophy and science. This theory was only partially correct, and as scientist of the
more modern age began to look deeper into Democritus's work, they begin to make new theories and hypothesize new ideas about the atom. Which
later on, would lead to the development of the atomic theory and the most accurate description of the atom with the work of Niels Bohr. Nearly 2000
years forward, past the philosophies of Democritus, Bohr, and other atomic theorists, the bloodshed of World War 2 hit its peak. TheUnited States of
America was caught in a two

The New Developments Of Nuclear Reactor Technology And...
Unquestionably, the energy security is of great importance in order to maintain and sustain the development of any growing economy. Therefore, this
work will overview the new developments in nuclear reactor technology and their importance as a safe and base load energy alternative. Mainly, the
focus will be on the Generation III (GIII), Generation IV (GIV) reactors and Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and their safety and efficiency
capabilities. A comparison will be held between the nuclear, solar and wind energy sources in terms of their reliability, safety, costs and infrastructural
requirements.
The energy industry faces various challenges such as the environmental consequences and climate change, limited fossil fuel resources and the
instability in its prices. Therefore, a clean and reliable energy mix is required in order to meet these challenges. In order to meet these challenges, there
is no one energy source that can be up to all the challenges simultaneously, therefore; an energy mix is required.
Each energy source has certain advantages and suffers certain disadvantages for example while nuclear energy is a reliable source of base load energy,
often, the safety aspect is considered the most important obstacle that prevents most countries from implementing nuclear power plants into their energy
mix. However, recent developments in reactor technology might encourage reconsidering the nuclear energy as an important and relatively safe
component in the energy mix.
For

The Pros And Cons Of Gulf Oil Spill
Gulf Oil spill vs. Three Mile Island disaster
Disasters made by error of a man–made machines can lead to as much wreckage as a hurricane or tornado. These lead to hurt in the communities that
were affected, as well as the economic state of the government. Man made disasters can also lead to very critical change in the public's opinion on the
use of the certain energy source. If the opinion changes to being against the use of the power source, it can impact the stock and profit the industry's
make. On Wednesday March 28, 1979 in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, the Three Mile Island nuclear plant had a failure in the cooling core in the #2
reactor. The TMI–2 reactor was destroyed and 13 million curies of radioactive gas was released into the air. 31 years later on April 20, 2010 the BP
pipe 5000 feet beneath the oceans surface was leaking oil and gas. This pipe would continue to pour oil and gas into the ocean for 87 days before
being capped off. The Gulf Oil Spill affected and continues to affect the citizens of the United States of America and the ecosystems around the area
more than Three Mile Island disaster did because of the lives lost, amount of lives affected and damage it did to the area. During a critical debate of
whether or not nuclear energy is safe and efficient to use the Three Mile island nuclear power plant was in effect on in island 10 miles away from
Harrisburg. Strange readings started to show in the plants computers and test and no one knew what was

The Relationship Between Energy And Energy Security Risk
The Relationship between energy independence, in the form of Energy Security Risk points, and Shale Gas Production in the United States.
By Md Akram Hossain
Abstract
Fracking is a type of drilling technique that has been used commercially for almost 65 years. Hydraulic fracking is also being used to stimulate new
production from older wells. The combination of advanced hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, utilizing state of the art technology, is mostly
responsible for todays booming US oil and natural gas production. This paper investigates the relationship between energy independence in the form of
Energy Security Risk (ESR) points and Shale gas production in the US. The regression showed that there was a positive relationship between shale gas
production and ESR, contrary to theory suggested in the paper.
Introduction:
This research paper aims to find out the relationship between energy independence,
The research question is based upon the widely discussed topic of shale fracking through hydraulic methods. Shale fracking is a complicated process,
where hydraulic pipes are inserted deep under the ground and then chemicals are released to crack the rocks in order to obtain natural gas. In this
process, harmful chemicals are released, and the ecosystem gets negatively affected from surface spill off of toxic wastes. Although this process is a
bit controversial, there are a number of people who actually support this methodology. A major reason for supporting

Should The Uk Replace Nuclear Power? Essay
Nowadays, governments are facing two main problems about electricity: resources of fossil fuels are running out and countries need to diminish
their carbon emissions. Nuclear is seen as the most common alternative. Nuclear currently supplies 19% of the UK's electricity and 11% in the
world (NIA,2015). In the UK, all but one of the current nuclear plants are due to close by 2023. Should the UK replace their nuclear plants by a new
generation of nuclear stations? Because of the accidents, costs and problems of nuclear waste, some people are opposed to this possibility. Their
solution would be that Britain could achieve 85% of its power via renewable energy by 2030. This essay will examine if nuclear power is the best
alternative to fossil fuels while continuing to supply the rising demand for electricity in the UK. It will be argued that there are advantages and
disadvantages of nuclear power and that other alternatives should be considered. Climate change is one of the main issues of our current society. This
problem is caused largely by human behaviour. Human activity increases the emissions of CO2 which causes negative impacts on our environment
such as flooding, the increase of sea levels and precipitations. Burning fossil fuels emit a lot of carbons and other gases. These gases intensify the
greenhouse effect that keeps the earth warm and cause global warming. (BBC, 2014). In 1997, UK agreed to the Kyoto treaty which is an agreement
between countries worldwide to

Why Nukes
Why Nukes? The year was 1971, and although decades had passed since the partition and birth of Pakistan, the dust still hadn't settled. Pakistan and
East Pakistan were separated geographically by India. Over the years, East Pakistan felt discriminated against politically and otherwise, so they rose
up in rebellion against West Pakistan. All out civil war raged over the course of the year, resulting in millions of casualties and refugees streaming
across the border to India. India, sensing weakness, and backed by the Soviet Union, launched a full–scale invasion of East Pakistan and in no time,
Pakistan's once great army was defeated. Bangladesh was born from the ruins of East Pakistan. Pakistan was humiliated, and spurred on by its recent...
India had baited Pakistan, and taunted them to put up or shut up in a show of nuclear power. Khan and Nawaz Sharif, the Pakistani Prime Minister,
were prepared to take the bait, and had a test site prepared, but doing so would have meant heavy sanctions from the US and other countries. After
much debate, Sharif decided to go ahead with the show–of–force test. On May 27, 1998, just hours before the scheduled test, Sharif received word that
Israeli forces, on behalf of India, were inbound and prepared to destroy Pakistan's nuclear facilities. Pakistan responded by scrambling its own jets and
rolling out its nuclear warheads. The attack never materialized, and the US and other nations assured Pakistan they were safe, despite the fact they had
nearly started a nuclear war that day. The following afternoon, Khan and his associates went ahead with the test, detonating 5 bombs 800 feet deep
under the peak of a mountain. The test was deemed a success as the mountain heaved, and turned white from the blast. The world could no longer deny
that Pakistan had gained status as a nuclear

Renewable Sources Of Energy As Being Sustainable.it
This essay seeks to identify a number of challenges which are encountered when trying to identify what a sustainable source of energy is. To do this,
it first briefly states ways in which the term 'sustainable energy' has been interpreted by various bodies and individuals and ways in which people
seek to identify an energy source which is 'truly' sustainable. This essay seeks to point out the flaw in classifying all renewable sources of energy as
being sustainable.It will achieve this by comparing two energy related projects, proving how sustainable a non–renewable source can be and vice versa.
Lastly, it will prove ways in which different people's misconceptions can affect further progress with these energy related projects.
A number of suitable definitions of sustainable energy run through this essay. Sustainable Energy has been defined as; 'A living harmony between the
equitable availability of energy services to all people and the preservation of the earth for future generations'(Tester, Drake, Driscoll, Golay, & Peters,
2005). This from my own point of view is the most accurate definition by far. Pointedly, it is in contrast with a number of definitions; for example this
one by Denzil Walton stating that; Sustainable energy is regarded as the system of producing, transporting, distributing and consuming energy in a way
that promotes a reduction in the rate of consumption of non–renewable resources which lead to environmental degradation while providing at socially

Nuclear Power And Uranium Essay
Nuclear power and uranium.
Have you ever wondered how nuclear power works?
Nuclear power has been around for a long time, and there are more nuclear power plants than you think. It takes a lot of materials to make a nuclear
power plant, and there's a lot of things you don't know about uranium. You are closer than you think from a power plant. Nuclear plants take a lot of
materials and manpower to build and run.
Nuclear power is a good source of energy, but it is very complicated.
Nuclear power has been around for a long time, and there are more nuclear power plants than you think. There are 438 nuclear power plants in the
world in 2015, and 67 being built as you read. The USA has the most amount of nuclear ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You need 400000 cubic yards of concrete in making a nuclear power plant, and 66000 tons of steel. There's 300 miles of electric wiring, and 130000
electrical components There's 3500 workers at the peak construction of a nuclear power plant, and two to four billion dollars to build a nuclear
power plant. There's 400 to 700 jobs in a nuclear power plant, and 470 million dollars of energy made in a year at a nuclear power plant.
There's a lot of things you don't know about uranium.
The first found of uranium was martin heinrich klaproth, and
Otto Hahn Fritz Strassmann found nuclear fission. one ton of uranium can make 40 million kilowatts of energy
Uranium was named after Uranus, and uranium is number 92 on elements chart. Uranium is 48th most abundant element found on Earth, and uranium
more abandon silver. Uranium more dense than lead, and a gallon of milk, 8 pounds same size gallon of uranium 150 pounds Uranium is 100 dollars
per pound. 1kg of uranium is 2 to 3 times more energy than coal or oil. uranium melting point 2070 F, and uranium boil point 7468 F. Uranium was
used in glass to color.
You are closer than you think from a power

Case Study : Smart Management System
IV. SMART MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
In Smart Grid two–way flows of electricity and information are supported, which lay the base for realizing a variety of functions and management
objectives, such as energy efficiency development, operation cost reduction, demand and supply balance, emission control, and utility maximization. A
common surface understanding about Smart Grid is that only the energy, information and communication infrastructure underlying the Smart Grid is
smart. This is not true. The more accurate assessment is: With the development of new management applications and services that can leverage the
technology and capability upgrades enabled by this advanced infrastructure the grid will keep becoming "smarter."
For example, let us consider demand response , one of the most important concepts supported by Smart Grid.
Traditionally, the electric utilities try to match the supply to the demand for energy. Though, this may be not only expensive but also impractical,
maybe impossible in the longer run. This is because the total amount of power demand by the users can have an extremely extensive probability
distribution, which requires spare generating plants in standby mode to respond to the rapidly changing power usage. The last 10% of generating
capacity may be required in as little as 1% of the time. The attempts to meet the demand could fail, resulting in brownouts (i.e. a drop in voltage),
blackouts (i.e. electrical power outage), and even cascading failures. In Smart

Nuclear Essay
The UK civil nuclear power industry initially started in 1946 followed by the establishment of one of the world's first nuclear power plant in 1956
[23–24]. This commercial scale reactor was built in southwest Scotland and given a name "MAGNOX" due to the fuel cladding (magnesium
non–oxidising alloy) used to contain the fuels. The MAGNOX reactor uses natural uranium metal fuel to generate thermal energy while using
graphite bricks to moderate the fast moving neutrons within the core. Two types of graphite bricks are used in MAGNOX design; these are Pile
Grade A (PGA) and Pile Grade B (PGB). The former is used as a neutron moderator due to its high density and lower neutron absorption, whereas the
latter is mostly used as a reflector [23]. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Currently, there are fifteen operating reactors in the UK with a combined total output around 8883 MWe, and one under construction [27]. Fourteen of
the fifteen operating reactors are AGRs and located at seven different power stations, making the AGRs the most dominant nuclear reactors in the UK.
The remaining two reactors (including the one under construction) are based on PWR design.
AGRs are the second generation of the UK nuclear power plants, and initially designed to improve the steam cycle efficiency of the early reactor
design (MAGNOX). This type of reactors exists only in the UK and operated by EDF–Energy (formerly British–Energy). Since the AGRs first
operation in 1976 they have become the UK's most dominant reactor after showing an increased economic benefits and steam cycle efficiency
approximately 42% compared with MAGNOX reactor, which has approximately 31% efficiency [25]. AGRs are capable of producing peak fuel
temperature approximately 800 В°C and the coolant gas temperature approximately 650 В°C at 40 bars. The steam generated by the AGRs can reach
up to 540 В°C at 165 bar, which is capable of driving the standard 660 MW turbines.
Some of the main differences between the early MAGNOX reactors and AGRs that have a key impact on the reactor

A Energy Source For The State Of Florida
Purpose
The purpose of this report is to inform you of a suitable energy source to meet the projected demands of the state of Florida for the next ten years. I
recommend a hybrid plant that uses both solar energy and natural gas. I am certain that a hybrid plant is the most suitable energy source for the State
of Florida for the next 10 years.
Statistics
Florida's Statistics
Florida Public Service Commission reports that as of 2014, natural gas generates 58.89%, or the majority of Florida's energy (2). Coal is the second
most prevalent type of energy generation in Florida, according to Florida Public Service Commission, generating 21.33% of the state's energy (2).
Nuclear power generates 12.43% of Florida's energy (Florida Public Service Commission 2). Energy generation by oil and renewable fuel types are
nearly nonexistent, together these sources only generate 1.6% of Florida's energy (Florida Public Service Commission 2). Finally, according to the
Florida Public Service Commission, other sources only generate 5.75% of the state's energy (2).
Florida Public Service Commission forecasts from current trends that by 2024 the use of environmentally harmful energy sources such as coal,
nuclear power, and oil will decrease (2). The use of natural gas is forecasted to rise to generate 64.73% of Florida's energy (Florida Public Service
Commission, 2). According to the forecast by Florida Public Service Commission, the use of other sources to generate energy will also decrease

Argument Against Radiation Burn
Radiation Burn or Sunburn? The Risks are Real
William Tucker, journalist for the Wall Street Journal specializing in environment and energy, provides us with intriguing information in his article,
"Why I Still Support Nuclear Power Even After Fukushima". Tucker explains his belief thatnuclear power is still the most effective means of power
with minimal risks, despite the radioactivity associated with nuclear power. Fukushima, a nuclear reactor harboring city in Japan, was devastated by a
tsunami after a massive earthquake in 2011. Despite the history of Fukushima, Tucker goes as far as to say, "There are no better alternatives
available" in terms of energy resources. Whereas Tucker does indeed bring up compelling points regarding ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Acute Radiation Syndrome occurs when someone is exposed to large levels of radiation. Within 24 hours a person generally feels nauseous with
gastrointestinal ailments such as diarrhea. The radiation physically damages the DNA and cells within the bodies living tissues. Headaches and fevers
occur. Large doses of radiation can quickly lead to death. Radiation burns can create permanent scarring or pigment disruption in the skin. In severe
cases, the skin can be seared to the point that the damage is unable to be repaired and necrosis sets in. At times, it appears that the radiation exposure
may have been minimal and the skin begins to heal, however, around 2 months later the skin will begin to necrotize leading to eventual, painful, death.
The National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements reports that, "radiation clearly induces mutations in microbes and somatic cells in
rodents and

Ethos, Pathos and Nuclear Energy
Ethos, Pathos and Nuclear Energy Something always curious and provoking happens in science writing. Gwyneth Cravens is an author of five novels
and many publications, and one who studies a topic in great detail. She creates an enormous work about nuclear energy for the last decade. Cravens's
research in her last published book titled Power to Save the World: The Truth About Nuclear Energy has led her to do an about
–face on the issue. In
her article "Better Energy" which was published in May 2008 in Discover magazine, she disputes and claims that nuclear energy is currently best
alternative and should be considered as our future energy source. At the beginning "Better Energy" she commences by introducing James Lovelock,
who was greatly... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cravens shows that fossil–fuels cannot be considered as a future energy source because of its baleful impact on environment and people in society.
Those people who read this article would definitely disagree of using fossil –fuels for power generation. She creates a bond between herself and the
audience by finding something in common. Also, despite listing several frightening facts about fossil–fuels, she conveys that America's electricity
demand is going to rise by almost 50 percent in next two decades (583). Furthermore, she adds that all energy sources, such as the wind and sun are
not going to save our planet. According to Cravens, these sources of energy are either impractical or will years to make a consequential impact, and
therefore cannot be found as efficient and will be unable for supply the energy demands of United States. Carvens's sentiment greatly affects her
audience to see that nuclear energy is the only environmentally considerable energy source. Also, she gets in touch with her readers through their
outlook, which helps them link with what she is trying to persuade them to see. This helps strengthen her argument and makes the audience to
eventually support her case about nuclear energy. In spite of the fact that Cravens' argument is well composed and skillfully uses ethos and pathos, her
argument is slightly weakened and lacks some points in opposition. The views of the opposition are somewhat not explained. She provides hardly any

Nuclear Energy Is Not Equal
Nuclear Energy Is Not Equal To Future
Nowadays, a growing trend in many countries to use nuclear energy as their mainly source of energy production. Many commentators are holding the
opinion that nuclear energy is the greener energy comparing to the fossil fuel, can bring a great number of benefits to our society. However, the
nuclear energy cannot be the future energy production, because there are many evidences can against the opinion from those people, showing that the
nuclear energy actually bring a large number of drawbacks to people's life and the world, and cannot be the mainly energy production. In fact, he
nuclear energy is not actually 'green' energy. It generates so many side effects to people's lives and environment. It can... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
While the radioactive waste is generated, it will cause many problems, bringing some kinds of influence. If the radioactive waste does not stored
properly, it will bring a real detrimental outcome for our environment. It is because that nuclear waste will leak radiations if the place people used to
store those waste is inappropriate. Actually, radioactive waste comes from various kinds of different sources, and can be divided into three vary extent
levels, which are the low–level, intermediate–level, or high–level waste. Hospitals, laboratories, and industry are the places low–level waste which
includes paper, rags, clothing, and filters containing small amounts of short–lived radioactive isotopes produced. 'The low–level waste makes up 90%
of the volume of radiation waste, however, those waste only has 1% of the radioactivity. Intermediate–level waste is consist of resins and chemical
sludge. As for the high–level waste, while it only contributes 3% of the volume of all disposed radioactive material, however, it accounts for more than
95% of the radioactivity'(Oelkers par. 1). For nuclear power, various environmental problems are mainly consist of radioactive waste. According to
Wolfson's work, the impact of the radiation waste will last for a long time, even thousands of years, and it will also cause a great number of different
kinds of accidents and the decommissioning of old nuclear plants . Actually, the radioactive

Spector's Argument Essay
Climate change is real – there is no denying it. NASA Climate Change found that the global temperature has risen 1.7 degrees since 1880. This may
sound minimal, but it has caused the melting of 281.1 billion tons of land ice a year, led to a sea level rise of 3.4 millimeters per year, and a 13.3%
loss of arctic ice. This has been caused by an increase in carbon dioxide. Everyone knows that walking to school and turning off the lights when you
exit the room will help, but this is not the root cause, and thus, not the way to solve the problem. We must address the problem at the root cause–
energy. When fossil fuels such as coal, gas or oil are burnt, they produce carbon dioxide, a heat–trapping gas that is responsible for the sea levels rising,
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I originally reasoned that renewable energy was effective and because it could not run out, it was a much better option. But, the credibility and
reasoning of Spector's argument, along with the fallacious arguments of the Union of Concerned Scientists, I now believe that renewable energy is
not beneficial to energy companies. After looking at numerous articles, it was clear that the UCS purposefully overlooked many facts that rendered
their argument, and article, useless. They had disregarded the sheer ineffectiveness of renewable energy and the previous failures of implementing
renewable energy (Jogulekar, Scientific American). For example, Germany, a world leader in renewable energy, tried to go all solar, but they failed,
having to eventually import nuclear energy from France and opening up coal plants. Jogulekar asserts that Germany would have created less carbon
dioxide if they simply stuck to nuclear energy. Spector asserts that a 100% renewable energy grid is far from beneficial, it is not even feasible.
Looking at all arguments, I agree with Spector and that nuclear energy should be implemented and is far more beneficial to energy companies for a
few reasons – because of its reliability, its low carbon emission and its extreme efficiency. I have come to the conclusion that switching to renewable
energy is not beneficial to energy companies as there are many other low carbon alternatives. Spector's arguments and his article is more reliable than
the UCS's. For this reason, renewable energy is not beneficial to energy companies, and nuclear energy, because it is more efficient and reliable, should
be

Nuclear Energy Disadvantages
Nuclear energy was sort out as a weapon of mass destruction during the time of the Second world war, but due to the rapid advancement of technology.
Nuclear energy has become an alternative resource for power throughout the world, but with many drawbacks. Professional Nuclear Energy experts
have shown to believe the detriments of using nuclear energy by being very highly priced, with the effect of leading to accidents, and causing harm to
the community and environment that surrounds the power plant. The heavy cost of nuclear energy isn't from the material it uses, but the construction
and process of building a nuclear plant. The process of creating nuclear energy is not the cheapest thing in the world. Considering the building and
planning of one nuclear power plant, can estimate up to about 4–6 million dollars. Lewis Strauss, first chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission
quoted that" nuclear power would someday make electricity too cheap to meter." (union of concerned scientists). Hoping with technology over the
years that nuclear energy can be mass produce and cheaper. But now in the 21st century nuclear energy is too much to even afford. With over half
them are produce, where the rest of the half is abandoned due to the cost. With all this money going to nuclear energy, experts from Florida and
Georgia show that, "power provided by the new plants would be more expensive per kilowatt than several alternatives." (union of concerned scientists)
Examples of some

David Nye

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