2. Overview
▪ Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational
corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington,
that develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and
sells computer software, consumer electronics and
personal computers and services.
▪ Its best known software products are the Microsoft
Windows line of operating systems, Microsoft Office
suite, and Internet Explorer web browser.
▪ It is the world's largest software maker measured by
revenues.
▪ It is also one of the world's most valuable companies.
▪ Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on
April 4, 1975
3. What is Operating System?
An operating system is a software,
consisting of programs and data,
that runs on computers and
manages the computer hardware
and provides common services for
efficient execution of various
application software
4. Why Windows?
Before Coming Windows
• PC users relied on the MS-DOS® method of
typing commands at the C prompt (C:).
With Windows
• Users moved a mouse to point and click their
way through tasks, such as starting
applications.
• In addition, Windows users could switch
among several concurrently running
5. Common Operating Systems
▪ MS-DOS
▪ Windows 95
▪ Windows 98
▪ Windows ME (Windows
Millennium)
▪ Windows NT
▪ Windows 2000
▪ Windows XP
▪ Windows VISTA
▪ Windows 7
▪ Windows 8
▪ Windows 8.1
6. Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS)
▪ Non-graphical command line operating system created for
IBM compatible computers
▪ First introduced in August 1981.
▪ Single-user Os from Microsoft for the Pc
▪ Still the underlying control program for windows 3.1
▪ Windows 95/98 and Windows NT build in their own Version of
DOS to support existing DOS application.
▪ Unlike Microsoft Windows, which most users are familiar with
today, MS-DOS requires the user to type commands instead of
using a mouse.
▪ Requires two floppy disk drives and requires 256 KB of
RAM.
▪ Offers limited multitasking of existing MS-DOS programs
▪ Does not allow windows overlapping
▪ Poor response from critics.
7. Features of DOS
▪ Single user system
▪ Machine independence
▪ Program control
▪ Peripheral management
▪ Managing files
▪ Processing commands
▪ Managing input and
output
▪ Managing memory
▪ Operating withAssembler
9. 1985: Windows 1.0
▪ The first version of Windows provided
a new software environment for
developing
▪ Running applications that use bitmap
displays and mouse pointing devices.
▪ With Windows, users moved a mouse to
point and click their way through tasks, such
as starting applications.
▪ The product included a set of desktop
applications which helped users manage
day-to- day activities are-
▪ MS-DOS file management program
▪ Calendar
▪ Card file, notepad
▪ Calculator
▪ Clock
10. Windows 2.0
• Windows 2.0 is a 16-bit Microsoft
Windows GUI-based operating
environment.
• Allows windows overlapping.
• Keyboard shortcuts were introduced.
• Terminology of minimize , maximize
and control panel were introduced.
• Does not require hard disk.
• VGA graphics introduced with 16 colors
only.
• The first Windows versions of
Microsoft Word and Microsoft
Excel ran on Windows 2.0.
• A hard disk was required for the first time
to install Windows.
December 19,1987
11. Windows 3.0 May 22, 1990
▪ Windows 3.0, a graphical environment, is the
third major release of Microsoft Windows
offered improved performance, advanced
graphics with 16 colors, and full support of the
more powerful Intel 386 processor.
▪ It became the first widely successful version of
Windows and a rival to Apple Macintosh and the
Commodore Amiga on the GUI front.
▪ A "multimedia" version, Windows 3.0 with
Multimedia Extensions, was released in 1991 to
support sound cards as well as CD-ROM drives,
which were then becoming increasingly
available.
▪ An improved set of Windows icons.
12. 1993: Windows NT 3.1
▪ JULY27,1993
▪ When Microsoft Windows NT® was released to
manufacturing on July 27, 1993, Microsoft met an
important milestone: the completion of a project begun in
the late 1980s to build an advanced new operating system
from scratch.
▪ Chairman Bill Gates said at its release “Microsoft
Windows NT represents nothing less than a fundamental
change in the way that companies can address their
business computing requirements, achieves Backward
compatibility.
▪ Advanced 32-bit "flat"
virtual
OS.
▪ Works with Intel x86 and AlphaCPUs
▪ Multimedia PC version has a ability to play video files
and has video integration with CD ROM support.
▪ Drag and Drop operation was the major change.
▪ First version of Windows that could also launch
Windows programs via Command Prompt while
running Windows 3.1
13. Windows 95
▪ Windows 95 integrate Microsoft's formerly
separate MS- DOS and Windows products.
▪ 32-bit, self contained operating system
▪ It was referred to as Windows 4.0.
▪ It was a major success in the marketplace at
launch and shortly became the most popular
desktop operating system.
▪ It includes a built-in and enhanced version of DOS
▪ Introduced 'Start' button, taskbar
▪ It is formed by a large number of virtual device drivers
(VxDs) responsible for handling physical devices (such
as video and network cards), emulating virtual devices
used by the virtual machines, or providing various
system services.
▪ Memory limitations were expanded
▪ It is shipped with Microsoft's own dial-up online
service called The Microsoft Network.
Aug 24, 1995
14. 1995: Windows 95
▪ Computer: 100% IBM Compatible
▪ Processor: 386 DX or higher
▪ Memory: 4MB RAM 35MB Hard disk drive
▪ Drives: CD-ROM or Floppy
▪ Sound: Sound Blaster compatible Sound
Card.
▪ Video: VGA or higher-resolution
▪ Controls: Microsoft keyboard / Mouse
▪ Operating system: DOS 5.0 and Higher
15. Microsoft Window 98
▪ It is a hybrid 16-bit/32-bit
monolithic product with an
MS- DOS based boot stage.
▪ Windows 98 includes Internet
Explorer 4.01.
▪ Besides Internet Explorer, many
other Internet companion
applications are included such as
▪ Outlook Express,
▪ Windows AddressBook,
▪ FrontPage Express,
▪ Microsoft Chat,
▪ Personal Web Server
▪ Web Publishing Wizard
June 25, 1998
16. Computer:100% IBM Compatible
Processor: 486DX/66 MHz or Higher processor
Memory: 16 MB of RAM
Drives: Approximately 195MB; can take up to 295MB
CD-ROM or Floppy
Sound: Standard Sound card for sound capability.
Video: VGA orhigher-resolution
Controls: 100% compatible Microsoft keyboard /
Mouse
operating system: Windows 3.x, 3.1x or Windows 95
to upgrade
17. FEATURES
▪ Quick Launch toolbar
▪ Active Desktop
▪ Ability to minimize foreground windows by clicking their
button on the taskbar
▪ Single click launching
▪ Back and Forward navigation buttons
▪ Favorites
▪ Address bar in Windows Explorer
▪ Image thumbnails
▪ Web view in folders
▪ Folder customization through HTML-based templates.
18. OTHERS FEATURES
▪ Graphical user interface
▪ Type of icons:
▪ i ) Applications icons
▪ ii ) Document icons
▪ iii ) Program icons
▪ Start Button
▪ Taskbar
▪ Windows Explorer
▪ Right Mouse Button
▪ Long File Names
▪ Multitasking
▪ Shortcuts
▪ Easy Internet Access ,Help
19. 2000: Windows Millennium
(Windows Me)
▪ Designed for home computer users,
Windows Me offered consumers
numerous music, video, and home
networking enhancements and reliability
improvements.
▪ It was the last operating system
released in the Windows 9x series
for home PC users.
▪ It included Internet Explorer 5.5,
Windows Media Player 7, and the
new Windows Movie Maker
software
▪ Faster boot times
▪ Improved power
management and
suspend/resume operations.
▪ Includes drivers for USB mass
storage devices and USB printers
▪ Windows Me had a short
shelf-life of just over a year; it
was often criticized for being
buggy and unstable.
20. Four editions of Windows 2000 were released:
• Professional
• Server
• Advanced Server, and
• Datacenter Server.
▪ Microsoft marketed Windows 2000 as the most secure Windows
version ever at the time.
▪ A new capability designed to protect critical system files called
Windows File Protection was introduced. This protects critical
Windows system files by preventing programs other than
Microsoft's operating system update mechanisms such as the
Package Installer.
▪ Servers that needed to be constantly running and so provided a
system setting that would allow the server
21. Windows XP
▪ Released in August, 2001
▪ “XP” is the short form ofexperience.
▪ First consumer orientated & Mostly populated product of MS-DOS
▪ Anti-aliased 2D graphics, textures
▪ Taskbar buttons for running applications and Quick
Launch.
▪ Windows XP was a major advance from the MS-DOS based versions of
Windows in security, stability and efficiency.
▪ Introduced updated user account interface and graphical login
screen.
▪ From April 8, 2014,There will be no more security updates or
technical support for the Windows XP operating system.
22. Windows XPProfessional
▪ Detect any type of error
▪ complete digital media support
▪ Premier mobile support for the ability to work
offline
▪ Greater security, encrypt files and folders
▪ Built-in high performance
multiprocessor
23. Microsoft Windows Vista
▪ Windows Vista
▪ Released January 30, 2007
▪ Vista Premium-Ready PCs
▪ Computer: 100% IBM Compatible
▪ Processor: 1GHz Intel-compatible
▪ Memory: 1GB RAM
▪ Drives: 40GB disk space DVD Drive
▪ Sound: Standard Sound card for sound capability.
▪ DirectX 9.0 compatible video card.
▪ 64,128,256 MB of Video RAM
▪ New features of Windows Vista include an updated graphical user interface
and visual style dubbed Aero, a new search component called Windows
Search, redesigned networking, audio, print and display sub- systems, and
new multimedia tools including Windows DVD Maker
▪ By the time of Windows Vista, improved security into every aspect of
software development at the company.
▪ Criticized due to more system requirements and backward compatibility
issue.
24. Microsoft Windows 7 0ct 22, 2009
▪ Windows 7 is a personal computer operating system developed
by Microsoft as part of Windows NT family of operating
systems.
▪ It is a version of Microsoft Windows, a series of operating
systems produced by Microsoft for use on personal
computers, including home and business desktops, laptops,
net books, tablet PCs, and media center PCs.
▪ Development of 7 occurred as early as 2006 under the code
name "Blackcomb.
25. ▪ Improved Boot Performance
▪ Redesigned Taskbar
▪ Support for SSD
▪ Enhanced Stability
▪ Network Virtualization
• Jump Lists
• Moveable taskbar icons
• Control over System Tray
icons
• Media Player Lightweight
mode
26.
27. Microsoft Windows 8
▪ Windows 8 is a personal computer operating system
developed by Microsoft as part of Windows NT family
of operating systems.
▪ The operating system was released to manufacturing on
August 1, 2012, and was released for general availability
on October 26, 2012
▪ Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating
system's platform and user interface to improve its user
experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing
with mobile operating systems
▪ The new tiled interface saw programme icons and live tiles,
which displayed at-a-glance information normally associated
with “widgets”, replace the lists of programmes and icons.
28. Features
▪ Tile-based Interface
▪ Simpler Shutdown
▪ Narrator (Reads everything you touch, Sounds
to confirm, Helps blind)
▪ Snap Apps
▪ File History
▪ Search Function
▪ Two Touch Keyboards
▪ Sync Settings
29. Microsoft Windows 8.1
▪ Windows 8.1 is a version of Windows NT family of
operating systems and an upgrade for Windows 8
▪ Windows 8.1 is available free of charge for retail copies of
Windows 8 and Windows RT users via Windows Store.
30.
31. New Features
▪ Start Menu
▪ Cortana
▪ Project Spartan Browser
▪ Improved Multitasking
▪ Windowed Apps
▪ Action Center
▪ Continuum
32. The Start Screen
▪ When click on the Start
button at the bottom left of
thescreen, you get two panels
side by side, with the left
column showing pinned,
recently added and most-used
apps.
• The right column features a selection of live tiles that you can
customize, resize and reorganize.
• We can have the Start Menu expand to full screen whenever we
want.
33. Hi! I’m Cortana
Cortana , similar to as Google Now
is a feature which helps you find
anything by your voice. You just
need to say , “Hey Cortana!”.
Other than voice we
can search anything like
cricket score , weather ,
nearby places and many. It
does as it says,
"askmeanything”.
34. Everything runs in a window: Apps from the Windows
Store now open in the same format that desktop apps do
and can be resized and moved around, and have title bars
at the top allowing for maximize, minimize, and close
with a click
35. New task view button: There’s a new task-view
button on the taskbar for quick switching
between open files and quick access to any
desktops you create.
36. Multiple desktops: Create desktops for different
purposes and projects and switch between these
desktops easily and pick up where you left off
on each desktop.
