2. LO:
• Define the term hormone
• Identify specific endocrine glands and their
secretions (adrenal glands and adrenaline,
pancreas and insulin, testes and testosterone
and ovaries and oestrogen)
• Describe adrenaline as the hormone secreted
in ‘fight or flight’ situations and its effects
3. LO:
• Discuss the role of the hormone adrenaline in the
chemical control of metabolic activity, including
increasing the blood glucose concentration and
pulse rate
• Give examples of situations in which adrenaline
secretion increases
• Compare nervous and hormonal control systems
in terms of speed and longevity of action;
• State the functions of insulin, oestrogen and
testosterone
4. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
• Carries out long term
coordination of the organism
• Consists of organs – glands
which secrete chemicals
called hormones
• The glands are ductless –
secrete their hormones
directly to the blood stream
5. LO: Define the term hormone
HORMONE
• a chemical substance
• produced by a gland, carried by the blood,
• alters the activity of one or more specific
target organs
• is then destroyed by the liver
6. LO: Identify specific endocrine glands and their secretions
ADRENAL GLANDS - ADRENALINE
7. LO: Describe adrenaline as the hormone secreted in ‘fight or flight’ situations
and its effects
Adrenaline
• It is chemical messenger and is
released directly into the
bloodstream
• Its actions are often very rapid
and may last for a very short
time
• It is released when the body is
given a shock
Bridges the gap between nervous
and endocrine system
8. LO: Describe adrenaline as the hormone secreted in ‘fight or flight’ situations
and its effects
Effects of adrenaline
• Skin becomes pale as blood is diverted away
• Deeper, more rapid breathing and airways become
wider
• Heart beats more rapidly
• Blood is diverted away from digestive system to
muscles by using sphincters
• Adrenal glands release the hormone adrenaline
• Glycogen in muscles is converted to glucose, and
released into the blood
• Widened pupils
• Adrenaline
11. LO: Identify specific endocrine glands and their secretions
PANCREAS - INSULIN
• Produces: insulin and glucagon control blood
sugar concentration
• Insulin is produced in the β cells of pancreas
• It allows cells to use glucose for respiration
12.
13. LO: Identify specific endocrine glands and their secretions
TESTIS - TESTOSTERONE
• Responsible for many of the
physical characteristics specific
to adult males
• It plays a key role in
reproduction and the
maintenance of bone and
muscle strength
• In women, testosterone is
produced by the ovaries and
adrenal glands.
• The majority of testosterone
produced in the ovary is
converted to the principle
female sex
hormone, oestradiol
14. LO: Identify specific endocrine glands and their secretions
OVARIES - OESTROGEN
• Is the primary female sex
hormone and is responsible for
development and regulation of
the female reproductive system
and secondary sex characteristics
• This includes the fat distribution
on our hips, breasts, abdomen,
thighs, buttocks
• It also maintains the health of our
inner reproductive organs
especially the endometrial lining
of the uterus
15. LO: Compare nervous and hormonal control systems in terms of speed and
longevity of action
Nervous system vs. endocrine system
