Rene Magrittes Research Paper

Rene Magrittes Research Paper
When it comes to art, the artist generally leaves his or her creation open for interpretation. Rene
Magritte, on the other hand, tells the observer exactly what to think and what to feel. His art engages
those who gaze upon it. During his lifetime, the Surrealist movement was at its zenith. Magritte's
distinct painting style majorly influenced parts of the Surrealist movement.
Surrealism was a movement that was heavily influenced by Sigmund Freud (The Art Story
Contributors). One of his writings the Surrealists held onto was his book, The Interpretation of
Dreams (1899). In his book, Freud talks about the importance of dreams and how they are a look
into the unconscious mind. Freud's exposure of the inner workings of human desire, sexuality, ...
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This movement was defined by Andre Breton as "psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one
proposes to express– verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner– the actual
functioning of thought (Breton)." Brenton proposed that artists should disregard rationalization in
order to unlock their unconscious mind. These techniques were known as automatism, which
encourages artists to push past conscious thought and accept chance when creating a piece of
artwork (The Art Story Contributors).
Magritte's most popular painting, The Treachery of Images, depicts a pipe with the words "Ceci n'est
pas une pipe." below it. Through using the Surrealist technique of anti–rationalization, Magritte
highlights the gap separating language and meaning (Powers).
The Treachery of Images challenges the linguistic convention of identifying an image of something
as the thing itself. At first, Magritte's point appears simplistic, almost to the point of provocation: A
painting of a pipe is not the pipe itself. In fact, this work it highly paradoxical. Its realistic style and
caption format recall advertising, a field in which Magritte had worked. Advertisements, however,
elicit recognition without hesitation or equivocation; this painting causes the viewer to ponder its
conflicting messages
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The Lovers 2 By Rene Magritte
Rene Magritte is an artist known for his contributions to the surrealist art movement of the 1920's.
Working with other surrealist artists, such as Salvador Dali, through the late 1920's and early 1930's,
Magritte's style was comparably dark to the styles of others. However, while taking a brief hiatus,
Magritte began to receive recognition for his works just as world war II began, which resulted in a
much brighter take on surrealism in dark times. Yet, his works "The Lovers I" and "The Lovers II"
were both painted before Magritte's rise to fame and reforms as a surrealist artist, both depict a
couple with white sheets obscuring their faces. The piece "The Lovers I" uses contrast, color,
framing, and subject matter in order to support his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The death of Magritte's mother may have contributed to his use of white cloth over a face, but the
painting serves no further purpose other than to create a feeling of mystery. Famous for his
unsettling images and their abstruseness, Magritte made these feelings his main goal and ensured
through the simplicity of the elements that compose his painting that little else will be discovered,
leaving the entire work a mystery. It was Magritte himself who said: "My painting is visible images
which conceal nothing... they evoke mystery and indeed when one sees one of my pictures, one asks
oneself this simple question 'What does that mean'? It does not mean anything, because mystery
means nothing either, it is unknowable." Magritte's works such as "The Lovers I" are works whose
purpose is to evoke an ominous feeling in the viewer, and in creating this feeling of mystery are
paradoxical, as mystery itself is a

How Did Magritte Show Surrealism?
René Magritte was a famous surrealist artist, although he did not become famous until his late 50's.
René Magritte was born in Lessines, Belgium in 1898. René Magritte later figured out he wanted to
devote his life to art so he went to go study art at Academie des Beaux–Art. He left the school
before finishing because he believed it was a waste of his time. After leaving school, he began to
make paintings using cubism which was inspired by Pablo Picasso and he also imitated the art style
of post impressionism (which was very famous for artists like Cezanne and Van Gogh). He later
altered his paintings to show surrealism. The first of his surrealism paintings included The
Threatened Assassin, which shows a dead body and the killer who is being followed by others.
Surrealism is a type of painting that causes people to use imagination so everyone sees a painting
and interprets it in many different ways.
René Magritte's mother committed suicide in his hometown. This was a huge turning point in his
painting career because he found his mother in the river with her face completely covered. This is
reflected in many of his art works by covering the face of the person he is painting. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is a painting of an eye but the iris is represented by a sky full of Cumulus clouds ( the big fluffy
clouds). I decided to go with this piece of artwork because I love that it has many different meanings
depending on how you decide to interpret it. René Magritte once said "The mind loves the
unknown. It loves images whose meaning is unknown, since the meaning of the mind itself is
unknown." I think this is a very accurate description of what surrealism is because the meaning of a
surrealist painting is unknown, a person interprets it in his or her own way, which means there is no
universal meaning of a certain surrealist

Literary Analysis Of Rene Magritte's The Son Of Man
Part of human nature is to find faces in images whether they are supposed to be there or not. So,
Rene Magritte purposely made the face unseeable behind the apple. In his painting, there is more
than what meets the eye. The way in which he executed the piece is simple yet it still makes those
who see the art wonder what it represents. As like any artwork, successes and failures can be found
in Magritte's art and how well it portrays the meaning behind the piece. The Son of Man when
examined closer, can be more interesting than one might think. Representation lies in every form of
art. There is the literal representation, and there is the abstract figurative way of viewing. Simply,
the painting shows a man with an apple in front of his face and a storm taking place behind him.
Many think the fruit is referencing the tale of William Tell in which he shot an apple off his son's
head. Since in Magritte's painting the fruit is floating in front of him, this alludes to him about to be
shot in the face. Others quickly think religion inspired the work. The Son of Man sounds eerily
close to Son of Man, which is Jesus' title. Also, the green fruit could be from the famous tale of the
Garden of Eden where Eve took a bite from an apple and committed the first sin. Neither of these
are wrong, but Rene Magritte states, "Well so you have the apparent face, the apple, hiding the
visible but hidden, the face of a person... There is an interest in that which is hidden and which the
visible

Descartes' Epistemology
Epistemology
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Carefully explain Descartes' cogito and his attempt to build his knowledge structure from the
ground up. (Be as succinct as possible.) Does Descartes succeed or fail in that attempt? Justify your
answer in full.
Descartes' Epistemology
This essay attempts to explain Descartes' epistemology of his knowledge, his "Cogito, Ergo Sum"
concept (found in the Meditations), and why he used it [the cogito concept] as a foundation when
building his structure of knowledge. After explaining the concept I give a brief evaluation of his
success in introducing and using this cogito as a foundation. Finally, I provide reasons why I think
Descartes succeeded in his epistemology.
The First ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The argument, as Descartes presented, does not give a valid reason for the existence of the body or
anything else in the physical world, so we cannot accept that bodies exist. Neither does the cogito
account for the existence of other minds as that would entail knowledge of the physical world where
other things exist. The cogito concept does however; give a valid argument for the existence of the
mind or a thinking thing that exists independently of the body. In his novel Think, Blackburn
explains the cogito concept as a means of justifying the core of one's existence as thinking, we
accept that thought exists not a 'self' (Blackburn, 2001:20). I agree with Blackburn because his
[Descartes'] concept serves well to prove that we exist as thinking things and even if we were to
discard any a priori or a posteriori knowledge, we can still endorse the cogito. The cogito concept
stands regardless of empirical knowledge because it suggests the existence of thought without
actually linking it to the body (which constitutes a sort of empirical way of acquiring knowledge
through the senses). In addition, it can be accepted without any a priori knowledge since Descartes
only introduced it after concluding that he knew nothing, and could only accept knowledge of his
own existence as vindicated.
To assess Descartes choice of foundation I will raise some questions that implore an explanation
regarding the

Rene Magritte Research Paper
Hannah Robertson
Boyczuk
French 3
7 December 2015
The Surrealist Rene Magritte On November 21, 1898, the artist known world–wide, Rene Magritte,
was born in Lessines Belgium. An artist like Rene Magritte was a once–in–a–lifetime rare gem. His
younger life was not particularly grand. Magritte was the eldest of three boys. His family struggled
with money and had to move about the country quite often. As he grew older, he took an interest in
art and pursued life at an art college. In 1916, Magritte left home for Brussels where he would spend
the next two years attending the Academie Royale des Beaux–Arts. No drastic turns in Magritte's
life influenced his desire to begin art. He simply just enjoyed it; but a tragic event in his life did lead
him to paint in a new and unusual way. In 1912, Magritte's mother committed suicide by drowning
in a river. This major event took Magritte in a place he never thought he would go. To earn money to
support his family, Magritte worked in commercial advertising; there he ... Show more content on
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When one looks at a surrealist painting, their mind begins to play tricks on them due to the
juxtaposition of images. Rene Magritte was especially good at fooling the mind. He experimented
with many styles and forms and used everyday objects for inspiration such as pipes, bowler hats,
rocks, birds, and even fruit. Magritte's artwork particularly evoked themes of mystery to challenge
the human mind. He used multiple colors, not just one specific color scheme. It is rumored that the
reason why Magritte painted people covering their faces is because his mother drowned while a
white dress covered her face. His paintings carry a variety of scenery and characters in them as well.
One painting, The Treachery of Images, contained text, which was an unusual addition to art at the
time. The earlier paintings of Margritte tended to be more of an impressionist style, and that quickly
changed to

Voltaire and The Enlightenment
The eighteenth century was a crucial changing point in the European history because of The
Enlightenment. The Enlightenment was revolutionary because of Voltaire, a writer that used his
ideas to attack the established Catholic Church, and to propagate the freedom of religion, scientific
thoughts, skepticism and experiential philosophy.
Voltaire was born in 1694, a year that was under the regiment of Louis XIV. At that time, the
aristocracy ruled France in an extreme way that most commoners were struggling in poverty. From a
middle–class family, Voltaire did not like the political environment of France and the aristocratic
system. As a well–educated and intelligent student from the college of Louis–le–Grand, he became a
secretary for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By this storyline, Voltaire wanted to tell the French aristocracy that they did not have any heritage.
Once they were expelled from their current positions, they needed to live as commoners, or maybe
suffered more because they had never done anything in the castle.
Even though Candide was expelled, he was still very happy because he always believed in
optimistic philosophy. He learnt the philosophy from his teacher, Panloss, a parody of the
contemporary philosophers in the seventeenth century that always argued about the metaphysics,
which had no use in the real world. Also, the optimism was a satire from the philosophy of Leibniz,
a popular philosopher around that time. The optimism was widely used in the Christian churches to
tell people that life was always full of happiness because the perfect God created the world. Human
beings suffered in the world because they did not see the greater purpose from God. The sufferings
were only trials and in the end the human being would still deserve ultimate happiness. After the
Lisbon's earthquake, which killed more than 30,000 people, many of who died because they were
just praying to the God without actually doing anything, Voltaire was very angry about the situation
that the priests in the church did not help people, but led them to sit in the church and pray.
Therefore, he wanted to attack this philosophy, so in Candide he described the horrible

Analysis Of The Son Of Man By Rene Magritte
There's significance behind famous artworks that we see today in which artists create. In "The Son
of Man", the painter, René Magritte, paints several unique details that demonstrate symbolism of
many different things. Magritte places many items in the painting in certain positions and angles.
"The Son of Man" creates a curious, confused, and suspenseful mood towards the viewer. Magritte
places the details in "The Son of Man" in a peculiar style. An example of how he does this is the
green apple that's painted in front of the man's face. In the painting the apple is in front of the man's
face, covering it. Although it doesn't completely cover the man's face, on both sides of where the
apple is covering the face, the edge of the eyes and the creases of the mouth are still visible. The
creases of the mouth indicate that the man is frowning. The facial expression is a significant detail
towards what Magritte is creating which is a curious mood, and that's why the apple is in front of
the man's face. There are many other details within the painting that show what Magritte was trying
to create. While looking at the painting, there were a few interesting details where Magritte placed
the lights and shadows in the painting that supports the mood. Magritte heavily shades in the left
arm and hand and shades in the majority of the left lower half of the man's body. When contrasting
the left and right sides of the body, the right isn't heavily shaded as the left

Essay about Rene Descartes
Rene Descartes was born on March 31, 1596 in La Haye Touraine, France. Descartes was
considered a "jack of all trades", making major contributions to the areas of anatomy, cognitive
science, optics, mathematics and philosophy. He has been referred to as the father of modern
rationalism, soldier of fortune, scholar, pilgrim, traveler, and a firm adherent of the Roman Catholic
faith. He was educated at the Jesuit college of La Fleche in Anjou. He entered the college at the age
of eight years, just a few months after the opening of the college in January, 1604. At La Fleche,
Descartes formed the habit of spending the morning in bed. His health was poor and he was allowed
to remain in bed until 11 o'clock in the morning. This habit and custom ... Show more content on
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It was at this point that he began to seek a unified science of nature. After two years in Holland he
joined the Bavarian army. It was during this time with the army that Descartes wandered through
Europe seeing parts of Hungary, Germany, Italy, and France. During his travels to Paris he made
contact with Mersenne. This was an important contact because it kept him in touch with the
scientific world for many years. In late 1628 he gave a speech in Paris in which he argued that the
sciences must be founded on certainty. He was encouraged by Cardinal Pierre de Berulle to develop
his own philosophical system. By 1628 Descartes tired of all the traveling and decided to settle
down. He gave much thought to choosing a country that suited his nature and decided on Holland.
He felt Holland would offer him seclusion and more intellectual freedom. Soon after he settled in
Holland Descartes began work on his first major treatise on physics, Le Monde, ou Traite de la
Lumiere. This work was near completion when he received the news that Galileo was condemned to
house arrest. He decided not to risk publication. His work, the world's first extended essay on
physiological psychology, was published after his death. While in Holland Descartes had a number
of scientific friends, they encouraged him to publish his ideas. Although he was adamant about not
publishing Le Monde, he did write and publish in 1637 a treatise on science under the

Descriptive Essay On The Menil Museum
I recently visited the Menil Collection, this is a very small humble museum. The Menil Collection is
a museum that holds multiple artworks. The museum is located in a neighborhood next to a little
area where people can go out and picnic and hang out with the their families for a while. I fact about
the Menil Collection that surprised me was how they consider their grass art. My sister and I
accidently stepped on the grass not knowing it was art and when we were handed a booklet
describing a couple of their art pieces the grass was on their! The museum also has a couple of
sculptures and landmarks located right outside the building. Before stepping in into the museum I
observed that it was very small, and I thought there was not going to be any interesting art pieces
since it was so small. The outside of the building was very simple, it was a white small building
with large windows, nothing that really caught my attention. Once we were greeted by the employee
we collected a couple of brochures for the background information of the artworks and we headed
in. The first room of the museum really did not have any interesting art pieces, they were basic
squares and circles with primary colors. I really enjoyed how the art pieces were separated
depending on their movement, such as surrealism,abstract,and sculptures. There were many special
exhibitions, the one that stood out the most to me was " Hurting the word Radio". This art piece was
created by Edward Ruscha using oil on

Descartes and the Mind Essay
The topic of the mind and how do we know has been around since the beginning of time.
It is one of those questions that will most likely never be answered. I mean, the mind itself is so
perplexing that we are still learning stuff about it daily. One question that Descartes proposed was
"how do we know?" we still are pondering this one today. We ask it almost every day, maybe not in
that way but in some form or another. So honestly, how do we know? Whenever Descartes started
studying about the mind he denounced all of his previous opinions and started fresh. He first stated
that "knowledge is seen as a building in which all the superstructure is resting on a foundation, and
the building is only as strong as its foundation" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So he began to ponder on how to prove that he truly did exist. He finally came up with this:
"Thought exists; it alone cannot be separated from me. I am; I exist – this is certain. But for how
long? For as long as I am thinking; for perhaps it could also come to pass that if I were to cease all
thinking I would then utterly cease to exist. At this time I admit nothing that is not necessarily true. I
am therefore precisely nothing but a thinking thing; that is a mind, or intellect, or understanding, or
reason – words of whose meanings I was previously ignorant. Yet I am a true thing and am truly
existing; but what kind of thing? I have said it already: a thinking thing" (Meditation II 31).
So in proving that he existed he also proved who he was or who we are. We are "thinking things"
things that can function as long as we think, but the moment that we stop thinking is the moment
that we no longer exist. So is that the moment we die? Or is it something entirely different? So
through this he proved that anything that he cannot doubt then that is what he is. And whatever he
can doubt, then he is not. He now had the knowledge of knowing about himself of who and what he
was.
But there was a problem with this, that even though one doubted something then it could still be
true. One could doubt that he/she won a race even though they did win. Even though

Rene Magritte Research Paper
In the 1920"s surrealism began but it wasn't until the 1980's that surrealism took an increasingly
influential change in the art society. With surrealism Changing styles in unpredictable ways, many
artist interpreted and understood the change. Renne Magritte was very successful with this style of
painting as he became well known for this distinct artworks. Rene Magritte was born in 1898 and
passed away in 1912. During this period Magritte created an influence and impact on the art world.
The Belgian painter Magritte, was raised in a small town called Lessiness. Magritte studied at the
Academia des Beaux–Arts in Brussels from 1916 to 1918, where he met many painters and his
favourite future student. René Magritte's early paintings where thought

Zachary Curran Curran 1
Olga Ivanovic
English 111
13 September 2017 The Son Of Man
This painting is a self portrait. The author name is Rene Magritte. Rene was a great Belgian artist.
One of Rene's famous painting is "The Son Of Man". This specific painting was created by Rene in
1964. The painting is owned by a private collector. But the month of October 2011, the painting was
hanging in a Hotel lounge. It was located in a historic part of Montreal. Rene Magritte was born in
1898. His father was a very wealthy man. Rene's mother died in 1912, she died by drowning in the
river. His mother committed suicide. Rene studied art at an art academy from 1916 to 1918, which is
located in Brussels. After a little while he left the school because he thought is was a waste of time.
Rene got his style from another artist named Pablo Picass. Pablo was a very popular artist at his
time. In 1922 Rene married Georgette, and took allot of small jobs so he could pay the bills. One of
the jobs he took was painting roses for wallpaper. In Rene free time he would create art forms and
worked on a lot of different pieces. He brought a new way of looking at art. Rene Magritte died in
1967, of pancreatic cancer. A lot of Rene work is displayed today. One of Rene famous quotes are
"If the dream is a translation of waking Curran2 life, waking life is also a translation of the dream."
In 1963, Magritte was able to travel to the city of New York City for retrospective of his

Essay on Rene Magritte: Illusions Masking Reality
In the fallout of the first Great War, which had plagued European society for four long and brutal
years, many were left to question the purpose of their existences. Stemming from the monstrously
large number of casualties during the war, the mood left those whom survived to wonder how
reason and logic could have started the conflict. For many people, a sense of alienation was stirred
up who found the possibility of rejoining a society, which had not only allowed but prolonged such
a catastrophe, to difficult. As society was adapting from war, so too were the artists and their
respective movements. One such movement formed during the tumultuous years was reacting to the
heighten fears of war called Dada. It is from the Dadaist movement in ... Show more content on
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In which he painted a white veil into his work, symbolic, perhaps, of the garment his mother was
found in. While a teenager he was enrolled in Académie des Beaux–Arts in Brussels until he found
work drawing advertisements for a wallpaper factory. By 1927 he moved to the epicenter of fine arts
in Paris. There he was acquainted with the emerging movement of surrealism led by the writer,
Andre Breton. After three years he returned to Brussels where he would remain until his death in
1967. According to some, Magritte lived a quiet, humble life never wishing to attract large amounts
attention towards himself he tended to live unremarkably. In the developing stage of surrealism, two
diametric schools of thought were beginning to form. The first, based heavily in a literary style
called automatism, which held the ideas of creation free from the control of the mind. In this
direction, abstraction of ordinary objects and the ideas of chance dominated. Among those whom
clung to this style were Max Ernst and Andre Masson. This style thus became known as abstract
surrealism. Oppositely, artists such as Salvador Dali, Yves Tanguy, and Rene Magritte would focus
their art on the principles of non–sequitur and juxtapositions of ordinary objects. As well, their art
took on a dreamlike quality, based in the psychoanalytical philosophy of the unconscious. Many of
the surrealists found the work done by Sigmund Freud incredibly influential, especially Freud's
study

Rene Descartes and John Locke
Rene Descartes was a highly influential French philosopher, mathematician, scientist and writer.
Many elements of his philosophy have precedent in late Aristolelianism and earlier philosophers
like St. Augustine. Descartes was a major figure in 17th century continental rationalism, later
advocated by Baruch Spinoza and opposed by the empiricist school of thought consisting of Locke,
Berkeley, and Hume. His most famous statement is: Cogito ergo sum, translation in English I think
therefore I am.
Descartes employs a method called metaphysical doubt, sometimes also referred to as
methodological skepticism: he rejects any ideas that can be doubted, and then reestablishes them in
order to acquire a firm foundation for genuine knowledge. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Locke said at birth, the human mind is a sort of blank slate on which experience writes. Locke
claims that ideas are the materials of knowledge and all ideas come from experience. The term idea
stands for whatsoever is the object of the understanding, when a man thinks. Locke thinks we are
born with a bunch of faculties to receive abilities and to process the content once we gain it. For
example, the mind can engage in three different types of action in putting simple ideas together. The
first of these kinds of action is to combine them into complex ideas. Complex ideas are of two
kinds, ideas of substances and ideas of modes. Substances are independent existences. Beings that
count as substances include God, angels, humans, animals, plants and a variety of constructed
things. Modes are dependent existences. These include mathematical and moral ideas, and all the
conventional language of religion, politics and culture. The second action which the mind performs
is the bringing of two ideas, whether simple or complex, by one another so as to take a view of them
at once, without uniting them. This gives us our ideas of relations. The third act of the mind is the
production of our general ideas by abstraction from particulars, leaving out the particular
circumstances of time and place, which would limit the application of an idea to a particular
individual. In addition to these abilities, there are such faculties as memory which allow for the
storing of

René Magritte The Treachery
I chose to do my paper on a painting by René Magritte, The Treachery of Images. I found this
painting when visiting LACMA and was both amused and challenged by this mundane piece of art.
It was so simple in its depiction of a beautiful wood pipe yet the words denied the painting
completely. It was almost funny in how controversial the painting was when simply pointing out the
bleeding obvious to its viewers, it's a painting. In this paper I will be discussing who René Magritte
was as a painter, what influences he may have had, and what the meaning behind his artwork was.
That is to say there was a meaning to his artwork at all.
René Magritte was a painter in the surrealist movement that originated in the early 1900's. The
surrealist art movement ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He painted this when he was staying in Belgium in 1929 on a 23 3/4 x 31 15/16 x 1 in. canvas. He
used oil based paint to create an incredible composition of a wooden pipe. The use of lighting and
shading in this painting gives the wooden pipe a drastically realistic ambiance. It is almost as if you
could take the pipe off the canvas and take a puff or two. What makes this piece so interesting is
what makes it a surrealist piece; since, it is not an abnormality in reality but rather a set of words.
These words deny the pipe entirely in saying that "this is not a pipe". Words that force the audience
into asking "why the bloody hell not". Now the answer is quite simple but very powerful. It is not a
wooden pipe; rather, it is just a painting of a wooden pipe. When you step away from trying to
explore a deeper meaning of the art or the world itself you can make an incredibly basic assumption
that all things have no meaning until we ourselves give them meaning. This one piece is quite
possibly putting everything in our reality into question and challenging you, the audience, to find an

The Works of Magritte Essay
Rene Magritte was an enigmatic and strange man who painted surrealism paintings. Little is known
about his childhood except that his mother, Regine Magritte took her own life by drowning herself
in the Sambre river. Young Magritte is thought to have discovered her body floating with her night
garment covering her face. There is speculation that this trauma was an influence on many of
Magritte's works. When Rene Magritte took up his brushes, he created beautiful visual riddles that
delight and bewilder the viewer. His clean lines and highly detailed finishes made his brush strokes
nearly invisible; his paintings look as if they came from a printing press. Magritte referred to his
paintings as "his labors." He did labor over the paintings ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The exploration of the mind and the way our conscious mind perceives the symbols of our
subconscious minds was new ground and it gave art a new voice with which to sing. The surrealist
artists believed the dream state and subconscious mind to be an untapped and very fertile creative
fount of inspiration. The symbolism of dreams and the expressive images generated by the
subconscious were far more thought provoking than the representational, logical images of the
conscious mind. The surrealist artists were creating art out of what others thought to be garbled and
unintelligible. They were in effect taking a concept created to heal and using it to create art instead.
They were on to something with this. No matter what the medium or the style used, a bit of the self
becomes visible and evident in the result. Art therapy is one of the modern descendants of this
movement. The movement spread and soon there were surrealist groups cropping up in the metro
areas of the world. It was around this same time that Rene Magritte was shown a painting by
Giorgio de Chirico and soon became member of the surrealist group. Today, the name Magritte has
come to be synonymous with Surrealism. It may have been that Magritte felt attraction to the
surrealist movement because of its ability to convey an idea with great eloquence as well as its focus
on the deeply meaningful rather than the superficial. His statement about the works of Giorgio de
Chirico supports this

Rene Descartes' Meditations on First Philosophy
In Rene Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes does and experiment with wax to try
to prove that things actually exist in this world. This essay is going to prove how we can tell that
things actually exist and what can perceive the wax. Rene Descartes starts off with a description of
the wax so he can prove to us the changes that will happen throughout his experiment.
"Let us take, for instance, this piece of wax. It has been taken quite recently from the honeycomb; it
has not yet lost all the honey flavor. It retains some of the scent of the flowers from which it was
collected. Its color, shape, and size are manifest. It is hard and cold; it is easy to touch. If you rap on
it with your ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He then tells us his final perspective on how he perceives the wax. "It remains then for me to
concede that I do not grasp what this wax is through the imagination; rather, I perceive it through
the mind alone." (Descartes, 22) He ends his argument on how he perceives the wax with telling us
that it is not our imagination that grasps all of the perceptions of the wax, but the mind that does it.
Rene Descartes just proved to us that our imagination is not able to grasp all of the perceptions of
the wax but the mind is. After proving that theory he suddenly starts to doubt his proof. "But
meanwhile I marvel at how prone my mind is to errors." (Descartes, 22) He states that his mind is
prone to making errors. For example; "For we say we see the wax itself, if it is present, and not that
we judge it to be present from its color or shape." (Descartes, 22) He thinks a mistake our minds
make is when we judge that it is wax by just looking at it and not paying any attention to any of the
forms. For this reason he is claiming that he still is not sure that the mind can actually perceive the
wax due to it making mistakes. Back to what Rene Descartes said earlier about the imagination not
being able to grasp all of what we need to perceive about the wax. He told us the imagination was
unable to grasp it all but now

Descartes Skeptical Argument And Reponses By Bouwsma And...
Descartes' Skeptical Argument and Reponses by Bouwsma and Malcolm
In this essay, I will examine Rene Descartes' skeptical argument and responses by O.K. Bouwsma
and Norman Malcolm. I intend to prove that while both
Bouwsma and Malcolm make points that refute specific parts of Descartes' argument in their
criticisms, neither is sufficient in itself to refute the whole. In order to understand Descartes'
argument and its sometimes radical ideas, one must have at least a general idea of his motives in
undertaking the argument.
The seventeenth century was a time of great scientific progress, and the blossoming scientific
community was concerned with setting up a consistent standard to define what constituted science.
Their science was based ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
More significantly, Descartes implies that all consciousness could actually be a dream state, thus
proving that the senses can be doubted. The dream argument has its intrinsic problems, however.
One, is that images in dreams can be described as "painted images".2
In other words, a dream image is only a portrait of a real–life object, place or person. If we are
dreaming then it is implied that at some point we were conscious and able to perceive these things.
If we are able to perceive these things then we must admit that we have senses and that our senses
are, at least in part, true. This was exactly what Descartes was trying to disprove, and it was one
reason he abandoned the dream argument.
The second problem with this argument is that it points to mathematics as a point of certainty. I
believe Descartes best explained this in his own words:
"[W]hether I be awake or asleep, two plus three equals five and a square does not have more
than four sides: nor does it seem possible that such obvious truths can fall under the suspicions of
falsity."3 Even when we are dreaming, the laws of mathematics and geometry hold true, but
they can not be Descartes' point of certainty for a simple reason; these abilities that Descartes
believed were innate still had to come from somewhere. If they are in our heads when we are born,
someone had to put them there. Descartes' question is who, and he comes up with

Research Paper On Rene Magritte
Rene Magritte was one of the most well known and famous surrealist painters of all time, however,
it was not until the 1950's that he gained recognition for his work. Much of his work takes everyday,
normal objects that have been rearranged, forcing the viewer to look deeper and search beyond what
is in front of them to see what the image truly represented. In the 1934 edition of André Breton's
What is Surrealism? a drawing by René Magritte called Le Viol was featured. This drawing
eventually became a painting of a woman's head whose eyes have been replaced by breasts and
mouth has become a vagina. Magritte suggests extraordinary ideas with ordinary imagery that has
been twisted or distorted, maybe given an erotic quality, but always addressing ... Show more
This painting draws from classical and modern ideas. It portrays both classical portraiture and the
classic female nude. The strange part, however, is that in this portrait the head is a womans torso.
On an elongated neck, topped with a full head of hair, there is a face that contains nipples for eyes, a
bellybutton for a nose, and a woman's groin where the mouth and chin would be located. The shape
of the neck and head also suggest a phallic representation of some kind. Behind this woman lies a
desolate landscape and blue sky to complete a complementary color

Manifesto Of Surrealism
Throughout the history, art movements were changing one another quite in a fast pace. They came
one after another, often showing no connection to the movements that have been on board before. In
regards to fast and dynamic situation, one of the brightest movements that appeared in 20th century
was surrealism. As an art movement it was found in Paris in late 1910s and early 1920s. This group
of included artists and writers who used their unconscious defining it as a means to uncover the role
and power of imagination. Having started in France, the movement spread through other countries
and became an international movement due to publication of the Manifesto of Surrealism.
Representatives of the movement were highly influenced by psychological ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is included in the agenda of Surrealism, which involves combination of unconscious and
conscious, of imagination and real things. His works must have inspired other painters to work
according to the ideas of Surrealism. His role in development of arts and this movement in
particular is implied in the words "The images painted by Rene Magritte tend to wake us up, to
rouse us from the petty sleep of automatism and habit" (Brown, 2013). On his example, Magritte
proved that it is important to move away from standards and conceptual perception of the world.
The pictures of Rene Magritte taught us that we need to look at the world under another angle and
try to go out the usual frames. Besides, the artist had also impact on development of further
movements like Neo–Dada and Pop

Rene Magritte Accomplishments
René Magritte once said "Everything we see hides another thing, we always want to see what is
hidden by what we see." Nearly his whole life's work was devoted to uncovering what was seen by
the eye. His work gave a new perspective to many daily things, and helped to popularize a new style
of art, surrealism.
René Magritte was born on November 21, 1898 in Lessines, Belgium. He was the the oldest of three
boys in a well–off family. Two major events influenced his career as an artist. The first was when he
and a friend saw a painting in a cemetery. The painting encouraged Magritte to paint outside of the
box, as the painting had been found in an out of the box location. The second influential event in his
life was the suicide of his mother when he was just 14 years old. This was very traumatic for him, as
he and his mother were said to be very close. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This art school focused on traditional techniques of artistry, which were not interesting to Magritte.
This caused him to lose interest in art for a while until a fellow student introduced him to the new
and upcoming styles of Futurism, Cubism, and Purism. Art critics say his early works were
influenced by Cubists Jean Metzinger and Fernand Leger. Magritte would only identify as a
surrealist when he saw the work of Giorgio de Chirico. As Magritte developed his own style and
came into his own as an artist, he became more well known. In fact, many of his more well known
pieces, including The Son of Man, The Listening Room, and The Blank Check were painted during
the latter portion of his

Ghislain Magritte Essay
Rene Francois Ghislain Magritte was born November 21, 1898 in Lessines, in the province of
Hainaut, Belgium, he was the oldest child and his father was a wealthy manufacturer. In 1910 at age
12 he started taking drawing lessons and in 1912 his mother had committed suicide by drowning
herself in the river. The legend says that Magritte was present when they had removed her body was
retrieved and is said to be the source of several of Magritte's painting in 1927 to 1928 of people's
clothing covering their faces like his mother. Magritte's painting can date clear back to 1915 and
those early paintings were impressionistic in style. From 1916 to 1918 Magritte studied at the
Academie Royale des Beaux–Arts and most of works through this time and ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
This era is known to be Renoir Period and during this time he would produce fake paintings of Van
Gogh, Picasso, and Paul Cezanne, later to be taken about by his brother Paul Magritte. Throughout
Magritte's career his main style was a surrealist style and he would rarely stray away from this from
of work, most of the work that he had created portrayed similar scenes and recurring themes.
Magritte's favorites happened to be creating a painting inside of a painting, floating rocks, he would
also use many inanimate objects, within a human figure to create the styles that other artists did not
use. Also during Magritte's career he would use famous paintings created by other artists and put his
twist of surrealism on the painting. One of the most famous paintings he recreated was The Balcony
by Edouard Manet. In this painting Magritte showed his style by changing the images in the original
painting to coffins. He would create unique designs getting the viewers to look outside of the box
and focus on the distinctive features that were not originally

Do Animals Have Minds?
Humans have for centuries pondered on the mind, its existence, its beginning, it's limit, it's
substance, and fought many different arguments against them all. But how do we know if any
animals have a mind? Is intelligence unique to humans? Professor Donald Griffin has pointed out
that "consciousness is not a tidy all–or–nothing entity, it varies with age, culture, experience and
gender. And if animals have conscious experiences, these presumably vary widely as well." If
humans have minds, it must be possible that animals also have minds. And though no one would
believe that earthworms and earwigs have thought processes like our own, it has been proven that
chimps share 98% of genome with humans. Chimps have also shown that they can lie ... Show more
By saying this we would have to wonder why other animals have not also adapted to our level. What
could be stopping them? If we are all made of the same chemicals what has held the others back and
why are we the only creatures to make it this far? There are many strong counter– arguments to
animals also having minds. We would have to wonder what else could be making the difference, and
only by stepping totally out of a materialist view and into a realm beyond science can we begin to
figure this out. Rene Descartes through the Cartesian method of thinking from the very foundations
of what he was sure, established ultimately that he is thinking, that it is the only thing he is sure of.
We can only be sure of what is self– evident. He argues that 'the senses are not designed to give us
knowledge at all, but are rather meant to help us move through the world in a very practical way'. So
can we be sure at all that animals have minds, as intellect may be the only truth and we can not
communicate clearly enough with animals to know this? Most animals rely on their senses rather
than judgement (something tested by science in various tests on animals), something which
Descartes believes separates humans from animals. And if senses are not at all a help to the mind
but a guide for the body to move through life in a practical way, animals surely do not have minds,
as they are lacking the ability to judge.
In evaluating these two arguments, I would

RENE MAGRITTE
The famous Belgian surrealist artist "Rene Magritte" was famous for his everyday imaginary and
interesting graphics. Title: The Son of Man (1964)
Medium: Oil on canvas
Dimensions: 45.67 in x 35 in
The Son of Man is a self–portrait. The painting represents a man in black coat pant with white shirt
and a bowler had on his head. He is standing in the front of a short wall. The background shows sea
and above it, there is sky with dark gray clouds. The surprising thing in the painting is that the
person's face is covered with a green color apple. The man's eyes can be seen looking over the edge
of the apple. His left arm is bend to backward. The artist explains that the painting shows the human
curiosity to see the things. The person always wants to see the hidden part. There is always an
interest to see what is hidden and what the visible thing is hiding behind but then one is often angry
with this interest. This painting brings that frustration or angriness in this painting by putting the
person's face behind the green apple. The argument between the observable that is available and the
noticeable that is covered up. Title: The False Mirror (1928)
Medium: Oil on canvas
Dimensions: 21 ¼ in x 31 7/8 in
The False Mirror painting shows a large eye with no eyelashes. The pupil of the eye is not at the
usual position. He painted it in the centre of the bright sky with clouds. The painting has both
vertical or horizontal lines in a symmetrical order. The color

Erik Erikson 's Stages Of Psychosocial Development
20 is a strange age, you don't have the excuse of being a teenager to fall back on but people still treat
you like a child. Since high school, I've been interested in psychology, a topic many people engage
in because as humans, we all naturally try to learn more about ourselves as a whole, but also as
individuals. Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development mark the eight points people go
through from infancy to elder hood. Based on Erikson's theory, twenty year olds are at the end of
adolescence where we wonder who we are and what we can be, as well as being at the beginning of
early adulthood where we have formed most of our identity but are also now trying to find love and
where we fit into the world.
Much of my work revolves around identity, domestic spaces and human condition because they are
elements that everyone is forced to deal with in their lifetime, which brings me to the first artist,
Rene Magritte. I officially fell in love with Magritte in 2013 at his retrospective at MoMA. I was
really drawn to Magritte because he used everyday scenes and objects and alters them in a way that
was obviously unnatural but not to the point of being considered fantastical. By depicting these
common moments or objects in a minimalistic way, Magritte forced people to take notice of the
world around them yet not in an overwhelming manner. In a sense, I feel like Magritte and myself
both are literally and conceptually making a world of our own based on the reality that

Rene Magritte And Victor Brauner
The two artworks I have chosen to discuss in this paper are 3–D sculptures of two renowned artists.
These surrealists of two amazing sculptures are Rene Magritte and Victor Brauner. Both of their
artworks are located at The Menil Collection, Houston TX. These in the round sculptures are
entitled Megalomania (La folie des grandeurs) and Sign (Signe). First, Rene Magritte's medium on
his Megalomania masterpiece is bronze. It was sculpted in 1967, and the size of this artwork is 61 x
48 x 32 3/8 inches (Menil). Similarly, Victor Brauner's medium on his Sign artwork is gilded
bronze. The artwork was beautifully crafted as well in 1945 and casted in 1961. The size of this
artwork is 12 1/2 x 5 1/4 x 8 1/4 inches (Menil). As I go on, I will ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, the shapes of both sculptures are organic and 3D with substantial mass. Furthermore, the
Megalomania shows an asymmetrical balance, while the Sign shows a symmetrical balance. Moving
to the cultural context of both artworks, both artists influences are tied back to their roots. Thus,
Rene Magritte who was born in Belgium (Encyclopedia Britannica) has great influences of his
mother. The sculpture of Megalomania is tied to his mother's influence, for it is representing a
woman's body. Some of his artworks subjects are women. On the other hand, Victor Brauner was
born in Romania. Brauner was active in an avant–garde movement in Romania which deeply
influences his artwork such as the Sign (Wikiart). The era or the time of creation of these artworks
are not far distant from each other. The Megalomania was created in 1967, and the Sign was created
in 1945. During those years, surrealism was then practiced by many artists. This movement was
introduced in the 20th century, specifically in the early 1920s (surrealism.org). Based on my direct
observation, both sculptures exemplify the era of surrealism. Thus, Magritte and Brauner at that
time had to explore this form of art as well. Meanwhile, these two in the round sculptures have
similarities and differences. The similarities of the two sculptures are the following: both medium
are bronze, both artistic styles are surreal, both have smooth textures, both shapes show 3D aspects,
and both artists

Rene Magritte Influences
"Everything we see hides another thing, we always want to see what is hidden by what we see."
This quote was stated by the great Belgian artist, René Magritte. With his distinctive approach in his
artwork, Magritte was an icon in Surrealism. His work is critiqued as mysterious, unusual and
provocative. He had to endure many different jobs and friendships to finally accomplish many of his
famous paintings. Though he did not reach his peak fame until his 50s, Magritte's work left a lasting
legacy and inspired many of the world's most renowned artists. Born November 21, 1898 is
Lessines, Belgium, Magritte was the eldest of three boys. His father worked in the manufacturing
industry and was able to adequately support his family. During his childhood, Magritte was deeply
influenced by two key events. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The dictionary's definition of Surrealism is a movement in art and literature that sought to release
the creative potential of the unconscious mind, for example, through juxtaposition. Originally, the
Surrealist movement came from the Dada movement, only is was lighter in spirit. The movement
was supposed to channel imagination. Surrealists believed that revelations could be found in
everyday life. They had an impulse to use their subconscious mind. With these methods, Surrealism
went on to shape many other movements. Known as the most recognizable movement, many works
are eccentric, confusing, and unsettling. The artist's main goal is to make take the viewer out of their
comfort zone. Many works involve nature in some way. The Surrealist movement still influences
many artists in the modern age. Most Surrealist artwork can be found in advertisements. This is why
famous Pop Art artists also have experience with Surrealist artwork. Other famous artists include
Andy Warhol, Salvador Dali, Max Ernst, and Joan

Magritte Vs Soto
ns and throw them onto a canvas for many to interpret. However, artists such as Rene Magritte want
nothing more than to make people question what is behind a layer of painting and question each
individual design for what it is and seek what cannot be seen. Painter's typically use colors to not
only detail a painting, but express emotions through the gentle strokes of color. For example, bold
colors often highlight what portions of the painting are meant to be the most significant to the
viewer. In The Lovers II and The Lovers I each background in filled with light hues of blue, green,
and red. Always, the central idea has been focused on the lovers, the only objects in the painting that
provides varying arrays of color. In the art world, there is a wide spectrum of colors with an even
larger spectrum of meaning. Blue for instance is a cool color commonly associated with the sky, sea,
and bedroom. The color depicts a lack of stress and tranquility. Red on the other hand is seen as a
hot color. Associated with both love and war, red can have varying meanings from cupid's love to
the Devil's havoc. Both of these colors are represented in the background of The Lover's II and
maybe able to help give insight on what emotions the lover's beneath the cloak are ... Show more
It's observant that the paintings come from his life experience while he incorporated his signature
hidden artstyle to conceal what emotions he had hidden away. Through art one can depict a scenario
or emotion simply by stroking a brush across the canvas. The painting's meaning is observed and
decided by the viewer, at least in the artwork of Rene Magritte. To hide what people long to see is a
tactic he used in The Lover's I and The Lover's II to make people question what is right in front of
them. Although the painting is open to many interpretations, only the one's that delve deep into his
past can form an educated assumption of what Rene wanted us to see behind the masquerading

René Magritte Essay
René Magritte
Belgian Surrealist artist René Magritte was a master not only of the obvious, but of the obscure as
well. In his artwork, Magritte toyed with everyday objects, human habits and emotions, placing
them in foreign contexts and questioning their familiar meanings. He suggested new interpretations
of old things in his deceivingly simple paintings, making the commonplace profound and the
rational irrational. He painted his canvasses in the same manner as he lived his life –– in strange
modesty and under constant analysis. Magritte was born in 1898 in the small town of Lessines, a
cosmopolitan area of Belgium that was greatly influenced by the French. Twelve years later,
Magritte, along with his parents and two younger brothers, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In 1922,
Magritte and Georgette randomly ran into each other at a botanical garden in Brussels, and the
couple married soon thereafter. Soon after getting married, Magritte supported Georgette and
himself by painting wallpaper designs and designing posters, devoting only his free time to serious
painting. Also in 1922, Magritte was shown Giorgio de
Chirico's painting, The Song of Love. This painting's manipulation of reality supposedly moved
Magritte to tears, and Magritte later said of de Chirico: "[He] was the first to dream of what must be
painted and not how to paint." In 1925, Magritte painted what he considered to be his first major
work, Le Jockey Perdu (The Lost Jockey).
Supported by a contract from the Galérie Le Centaure in Brussels, he began to devote his full time
to serious paining. In 1927, he held his first one–man show at the Galérie Le Centaure. While the
show flopped and Magritte received much harsh criticism, the gallery's continued sponsorship
allowed Magritte to further hone his artistry. Magritte then moved to Paris to work alongside other
Surrealists. During this time, he painted many bizarre and macabre scenes. A classic example of
Magritte's work at this time is his 1926 painting, L'Assassin Menacé
(The Threatened Assassin). While in Paris, Magritte became acquainted with much of Surrealist
theory,

Rene Magritte And Salvador Dali
INTRODUCTION
The topic of the unconscious mind is one that is very relevant to the surrealist movement. Arguably
the most famous surrealist artist, Salvador Dali, was famous for his depictions of dreams and
freudian theories. Rene Magritte, also a very famous surrealist artist, is also thought to be influenced
by such theories, especially when it comes to the repression of childhood memories. Because of this,
these two artists are perfect examples to question the extent of this psychological influence on their
work. Was psychoanalysis the primary goal for both artists? In this report I will analyse three texts
from reputable sources about both Dali and Magritte, and aim to use evidence from these texts to
come to a conclusion about my ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To depict this psychological phenomena Dali creates his paintings with an incredibly detailed and
realistic style. Martin writes that Dali's realistic style serves as a 'sharp contrast' to the animalistic
instincts and unusual concepts in his paintings.
Upon analysing the use of irrational imagery and depictions of dreams in Dali's paintings, author
Tim Martin shows the heavy interest in the ideas of the unconscious mind. Through Martin's writing
it is clear that the unconscious mind was the most significant factor in Dali's artwork.
Text 2 – Dali Museum Text on The Persistence of Memory
This text was written in 2009 for the Salvador Dali museum, aimed at high school students studying
art history. The information in the text is extensive, and it is a reputable source of information, being
written for the Dali museum itself.
The author's analysis of the famous painting the Persistence of Memory describes the deformed
clocks depicted in the painting. Dali painted a total of three of these malleable clocks for this work,
placed apart in different places in the painting. The author of the text describes Dali's painting of
different times on each clock face. 'By painting a different time on each clock face, Dali gestures at
the relativity of the notion of time.' Time's relativity in dreams was a core concept in Dali's work,
and was influenced by Freud's theories

Essay about Le Faux Mirror: A Profile of René Magritte
Le Faux Mirror: A Profile of René Magritte I was a child and she was a child in this kingdom by the
sea and this maiden she lived with no other thought than to love and be loved by me* (Poe 1) "Si
vous aimez l'amour, vous aimerez le Surrealisme!," She screams as he slams the door (Mundy 4).
His eyes are like nails in the rain. He steps onto the street– the cobbled street. She presses her lips to
the window– the waiting window. As he runs away his militant frame, once emboldened in
comparison to her tiny fragility, sinks into a comforting smallness. He is gone. How small he looks
now that he has not listened to her. How logical he seems. She is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A Surrealist. A prime member of an artistic collective. Even nonlinear images somehow resonate
believably when depicted by his hand. His career began in commerce, and this is plainly visible
through the observation of his clean lines and precise renderings. He is distinct in the way that he
communicates an image that gives immediate pleasure in spite of, or perhaps because of, the
irrationality of its content and the rationality of its form. He has been known for freeing objects of
their practical functions so as to portray an image that is intensely compelling in its lack of logic.
Logic? She wonders if such a notion has anything to do with the way he is running so swiftly in
spirals at her feet. He has always been a gentleman. He built her a house once, a tiny, brittle
construct comprised of parallel lines and windows dripping with the warm, polite glow of cheap
lamps. The house lived in a tree, and there was an apple that lived above it in a wooden box. And
leaves– there were many, many dark, sweet leaves. The Voice of the Blood, he had named it. How
fragile he had been in those days. And yet how simple still is the execution of his work. The
implications therein grow increasingly complex as one delves into his system of symbolism. Once
she had overheard him say, "My painting is visible images which conceal nothing; they evoke
mystery and, indeed, when one sees one of my pictures, one asks oneself this simple question 'What
does that mean'? It does not mean

A Formal Analysis of Rene Magritte's Painting, The Human...
I. Formal Analysis
The Human Condition was painted by Rene Magritte in 1935. The medium used is that of oil on
canvas. The size of the painting is one meter by eighty–one centimeters. When I look at The Human
Condition I feel as if I am actually standing there in the room. Magritte paints a rectangular window
throughout which you can see a beautiful field and sky. Above the rectangular window is an arched
shaped window. On each side of the window is a deep red curtain. All around the window and
curtain is a soft yellow wall. If you look far enough above the window you can see white trim on the
top edge of the wall. Below the wall you can see a dark wooden floor. Also in front of the window is
a dark color tripod. The tripod helps to focus your attention to the emphasis of the painting. I feel as
if the tripod is used in order to make it look like the view of the window is actually a picture placed
on the tripod. Outside the window you can see a green field with a light brown road running through
it. Above the road is a tree and a large pile of bushes. Also, there are large, dark mountains in the far
distance. Above the landscape is a beautiful blue sky. I can image myself standing in a dining room
and looking out upon an open landscape. The painting has a sunny setting and a warm feeling. The
white clouds give the painting a soft feeling. In the painting the clouds contrast greatly with the
warm colors. Naturally, blue is a cool color and red is a warm color. However, I

Oscar Magallanes Research Paper
Oscar Magallanes
Oscar Magallanes
American, 1976, Los Angeles, California
Magallanes was raised in the Azusa Barrio of Los Angeles. His artwork is influenced by the cultural
and social elements of his upbringing. At the age of fifteen, he was expelled from high school, but
was accepted into the Ryman Arts program at the Otis–Parsons College campus which encouraged
him to become a professional artist. The experience of participating in two distinct worlds continues
to inform the work.
By introducing work with pre–Columbian imagery that often mirror Western iconography–
Magallanes presents imagery in which the viewer is visually confronted with facing the dominance
of western culture over indigenous cultures. Magallanes' art allows

Research Paper On Ghislain Magritte
Rene Francois Ghislain Magritte was born in November 21, 1898 in Lessines, Belgium. Rene
Magritte was a surrealist artist and he was known for his witty and thought–provoking images, and
for painting objects in unusual context, and the challenging the perception reality. His Surrealism
inspired and influenced pop culture, minimalist and conceptual art.
Hardly enough is known about Magritte's early life. March 12, 1912, his mother committed suicide
after several attempts. Magritte's father, Leopold, usually restrained her by locking her up in her
room so she couldn't harm herself, but one day she escaped and wasn't found days later. Her body
was found with her dress covering her face in the River Sambre. She had drowned. It is believed
that's the reason why Rene Magritte's paintings of 1927– 1928 had people with cloth distorting their
faces.
Rene Magritte's paintings of 1915 consisted of an Impressionistic style. In 1916–1918, Rene
enrolled in the Academie Royale des Beaux Arts in Brussels, but found the lessons dull and
uninspiring. His style changed into a futurism and cubism of Metzinger style. He married Georgette
Berger, a daughter of a butcher in Charleroi, and she became his model and muse. Although, there
marriage was conflicted when Rene had an affair with Sheila Legg and Georgette had ... Show more
He exhibited his first surreal painting, The Lost Jockey (Le Jockey Perdu), but received harsh
criticism from critics, so he decided to move to paris and met Andre Bretony, and became involved
in the surrealist group. He soon became the leader of that group. In 1943 and 1944, Rene
temporarily adopted a colorful painterly style, also known as his "Renoir Period". To sustain
himself, he had to forge several renowned painters' work which lead him to forge banknotes. At the
end of 1948, he returned to his initial surrealistic art style and theme, also known as his "Vache

What Is The Mood Of The Banquet By Rene Magritte
In this painting, The Banquet (1958) made in oil on canvas, we can see a beautiful, but the
unfamiliar landscape with a strange red circle in the middle of the painting. This artwork was
painted by Rene Magritte with a very realistic color palette. It seems like painted with reference to
real objects: there are red, orange, blue, green, dark green, black, beige, and gray in this landscape.
In the foreground of the artwork, there is a stone wall with a stone vase. A group of trees stands on
the back of the wall, then a line and then a field of trees. The sky is covered with several tones of
red. Dark red color was used on each side of the painting, and lighter colors appear in the middle. In
the center of the painting is a red or orange circle ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Magritte was influenced by Romanticism and created a Surrealist art movement in Belgium. He
regarded all of art things important, and especially interested in the poetry. Through his painting, he
created the poetic imagery that can be called his own Surrealistic style. Magritte's painting induces
viewers to upend conventional thinking. "Magritte spoke of this 'determination to make the most
familiar objects scream aloud': the more familiar the object, the louder it would scream when
divorced from its habitat, seen in a new light" (qtd. in Calvocoressi 6). His painting seems to be
describing real objects, but the sense of the strange and quizzical appears when these real objects in
the background appear in the foreground, or vice versa. Either the sun appears impossibly before the
trees, on there is a hole in the forest framing the sun. This is a very different style of art, compared
with other art movements like Realism. He challenged himself to think outside of the box and
change other artist's ideas about seeing and making. Magritte's major contribution to painting is how
he defamiliarizes everyday

Descartes' Meditations Essay
Descartes' Meditations
In Descartes' meditations, Descartes begins what Bernard Williams has called the project of 'pure
enquiry' to discover an indubitable premise or foundation to base his knowledge on, by subjecting
everything to a kind of scepticism now known as Cartesian doubt. This is known as
foundationalism, where a philosopher basis all epistemological knowledge on an indubitable
premise.
Within meditation one Descartes subjects all of his beliefs regarding sensory data and even
existence to the strongest and most hyperbolic of doubts. He invokes the notion of the all powerful,
malign demon who could be deceiving him regarding sensory experience and even his
understanding of the simplest mathematical and logical truths in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Human beings are capable of simultaneous thought, this is best illustrated when a person is
dreaming as the person will be receiving sensory data from both the external world and from the
dream therefore the human is thinking on more than one level at a time which could result in there
being two existence's. A further Cartesian response could be that the level of thought or the amount
of thought is irrelevant, all that is important is that the thought is being generated by the one
individual, therefore it is the one individual that exists. It is seemingly impossible to criticise the
cogito argument as every time it is presented to our mind we are forced to assent to it, it may be the
case that this argument is infallible or at least indubitable, Descartes therefore has convincingly
overcome his doubt of his own existence.
Now that Descartes realised that he was a thinking being he focused his efforts on trying to prove
the existence of God for this Descartes has two arguments based on a priori reasoning, the
Ontological argument and the Trademark argument.
Descartes first argument for the existence of God is known as the Trademark argument. The
argument states that we all have the idea of God in our head ('...there is a real and positive idea of
God or of a Being of supreme perfection to my mind...') as we are not able to

Menil Collection
Visiting the Menil Collection and Contemporary Art Museum in Houston for the first time was eye
opening. I never thought art was such a big thing. I knew art was to be creative but other than that I
never would have thought art would have meaning. From reading, "Ways of Looking" by Ossian
Ward, art comes in many forms: entertainment, confrontation, event, message, etc. however, having
to pick two art works and compare and contrast them was difficult since there were many to pick
from. I chose "La lunette d'appproche" and "Suck My Tits," even though there completely different.
They both share a hidden message that need recognition. The Menil Collection in Houston
downtown has a wide variety of art ranging from ancient art to surrealism. Although there were all
types of art, surrealism struck out to me. While trying to grasp the whole idea and why this was
created. I came across this one painting that froze me in place and drew my mind into amazement.
The "La lunette d'approche" or "the Telescope," an oil based painting on canvas created by Rene
Magritte in 1963. Its contents grab me by the arm and drew me closer. Allowing me to escape into
the darkness it depicts behind the open window. It metaphorically represents how everything could
be a front in one's eyes while beneath everything they are things one might not want to share with
other. While everything might seem ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"La lunette d'approche" is composed of majority of dark colors like black, dark brown, darkish
white, and a faded brown that seems to be pink. On the other hand, "Suck My Tits" is made with
pink, black, white, and tan. Even though both artworks share the color black, its easily notable that
"Suck My Tits" gives off a more lively vibe then "La lunette d'approche" which is more dull and
boring. Yet, "The Telescope" is a more of look into me type of deal, thus hints its name. While the
"suck My Tits" is a more of

Surrealism In The Surrealist Manifesto
Surrealism stemmed from the idea of representing the unconscious mind, unburdening of the
individual from societal norm, and emancipating human desire. Surrealists, sought for freedom of
mind and sexual emancipation however their depiction women as idealized females, passive muses,
fuellers of fantasies and mere sexual creatures stripped women of their identities. Andre Breton
kindled the movement with his surrealist manifesto, guiding surrealists after him; Breton's view of
Freudian subconscious and his call for the elimination of reason & societal norms resulted in sexual
awakening, depiction of male fantasies and overtly sexualized female figures. Rene Magritte,
depicted the male gaze, the perception of the female in society and the objectification ... Show more
The representation of women and the female body in surrealist art is best exemplified in Dali's 'In
Voluptas Mors' and in Rene Magritte's 'Le Viol'. Dali distorted female bodies, producing a
nightmarish effect in his most notorious photograph titled "In Voluptas Mors," which translates to
Voluptuous Death. The black–and–white photo is of nude women arranged to resemble a skull.
Female figure is sexualized and objectified and also is depicted to be death itself. The photograph
depicts distorted torsos creating a skull, women are merely naked torso's, ''voluptuous'' and sexual.
Without individuality and identity the bodies in Dali's work, are an example the female image
surrealism. Magritte's most shocking and contradictory work, Le Viol', can be translated as 'the
rape'. In the painting, nipples replaces eyes, a belly button where her nose should be, and a vulva for
a mouth, the female face is erased by the female torso imposed upon it. The painter might be
suggesting that female anatomy is bound to be her destiny, that this is how the society views her.
One might see this as Magritte criticizing the values of his times as the painting is open to
interpretation. However, there is no doubt that he indented to shock his viewers. The artist's
intentions aside,

Rene Magrittes Research Paper

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