The Ethics of Media Manipulation

The Ethics Of Photo Manipulation
ESEARCH OVERVIEW
Wilson Lowrey (2003) Normative Conflict in the Newsroom: The Case of Digital Photo
Manipulation, Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 18:2, 123–142
&
Johnson, Jr, Charles S. (2013), The ethics of photo manipulation
&
Devoss, Danielle Nicole and Platt, Julie (2011). Image manipulation and ethics in a digital–visual
world. Special Issue: Ethics in a Digital Age. Michigan state university
&
David Campbell (2014) The integrity of the image: current practices and accepted standards relating
to the manipulation of still images in photojournalism and documentary photography. A World Press
Photo Research Project
–
Normative conflict in the news room
As we enter into the digital age, the availability of tools to assist in manipulation has increased
greatly. Because of this, the debate of ethics and photo manipulation has become more and more
relevant. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Photographs are manipulated for many different reasons, the main one being trying to produce a
photograph that captures the reader's
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Media: A Source of Information or Manipulation?
The role of news media is imperative to modern democratic process. For most of the people news
media is a dominant source of information about the world they tell us what matters, who matters so
the quality of democracy depends upon the information media provides (Lewis, 1997). If we want to
understand how media works we have to look at its institutional structure for example how it is
organized, who controls and funds the media (Chomsky, 1997). Now the big questions is does all the
information we get from mainstream media is authentic? Or some views are dominant while others
are excluded. In past 30 years there has been a large research that the media is influenced by wealthy
businesses and conservative interests (Herman, 1997). My thesis ... Show more content on
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Media locates reporters on primary news sources for example at the Pentagon, Whitehouse where
they get news from government officials. Now at this point few important questions arise that why
the media have to depend on the government or corporations for news source? Why they can`t find
news on their own? From the media`s perspective they think if there is some source that gives news
everyday and media takes that news at face value without worrying whether that its true or false so
for media this source is economical (Herman, 1997). Economize in a way that the media can`t place
reporters in all locations because physically and financially it is not possible and furthermore, they
don't have to pay anything to the government for the news. Moreover, there is a symbiotic relation
between media, government and corporations, which means a relationship of mutual benefit and
dependence. So according to me this relationship leads towards media propaganda as the media is
directly or indirectly writing what the government wants them to write. Definitely government and
corporations are not going to provide the information, which is against their interest or benefit and
secondly, the media is also not going to write anything against government because it is there
reliable source of news. To support my argument I would to like talk about Obama`s press
conferences at the Whitehouse where every journalist is not allowed to ask questions. Top television
journalists got

The Negative Effects Of Media Manipulation
Is society being influenced by the negative manipulation that exists within the realm of media? Is
manipulation being enclosed more by exaggeration or by well thought tactics to drive ratings?
Manipulation has been a long going issue that has taken its tolls on numerous populations. Society is
just now realizing the drastic effects it can have on one's mind, soul, and intellect. Media
Manipulation continues to grow as an evil power as it consumes the minds of not only the public
audience but also to the ones who decide to use it to their advantage. The overall population has
been long overdue for a wakeup call of how manipulation is impacting not only their lives but the
lives of their loved ones as well. The media uses manipulation to negatively influence the general
public's knowledge on social issues.
To illustrate, Politics have been a leading cause in the ongoing roots of media manipulation. The
media is derailed on the opportunity to win politics over due to the goal of covering the competition
that exists amongst other stations, thus maximizing revenues. Powerful media executives use
misconduct to make sure they are able to, "stay on the good side of politicians in exchange for
access" (O'Leary par 4). The focus of politicians is the power they draw upon. Oftentimes being
viewed as misleading propaganda just to win the popular vote. A politician who is willing to lie
about their duties should be questioned as if they are really someone who is willing to serve towards

Essay on Media Manipulation
The media and advertising hinder do indeed hinder our being fully human. Mass media including
radio, television and newspapers endeavors to shape public opinion on a variety of things. The
media attempts to manipulate those values instilled by parents and society in general, thus taking
away from our being human. Messages designed to influence peoples' attitudes, desires and
decisions fall upon society urging those people to buy a certain product, vote for a certain political
figure, or support a "worthy" cause. The daily attack of media and advertising persuade the public to
be one and the same, rather than allowing them to function as humans who follow their own beliefs.
Public opinion is formed through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Parents try to teach their kids that smoking is wrong, for example, yet commercials showing the rich
and glamorous smoking are seen everyday on television. Subliminal messages are sent to the viewer
that those who smoke drive fancy cars and are beautiful people, thus enticing the viewer to smoke
their product. One cannot be fully human without values, yet the media tries to interfere with those
values acquired from infancy, causing a major conflict in human lives.
Advertisements, commercials, and carefully crafted messages fly at consumers over the radio,
through television, newspapers, magazines, posters, flyers, mailings, and on billboards displayed
across the city. A huge amount of skill, effort, research and money goes into creating these
advertisements, exposing the average Canadian to over 2000 commercial messages daily. Not
surprisingly the average consumer tends to purchase those products that have appealing/catchy
commercials attached to them. A person who claims to be fully human would not be affected by this
propaganda, yet that person does not exist or is a dying breed at best, for every human being has
formed at least one opinion/belief based on something the mass media has dictated to the world.
The mass media prevents us as human beings to be fully human. Propaganda unconsciously causes
the public to act in ways they may not

Positive Features Of Persuasion
Persuasion is said to be the use of signs (messages) to influence its' receivers.
http://www.cios.org/encyclopedia/persuasion/Aintroduction_1whatis.htm. It means that if the
persuader wants to obtain the target, he createcreates messages which discourse is influential. By
persuasion one is able to change other peoples' attitudes, behaviors, beliefs and so on. (Bettinghaus
and Cody quoted by Perloff, 2003). Idiosyncratic characteristic of persuasion is that the process
seems to have an atmosphere of free will. People meet persuasion in everyday life, one could say in
any time. If the company want to sell some product – they use persuasion to convince the audience
that they need this particular one. Behind commercial world, people use persuasion to obtain some
goals or to improve their relationships with other people. But again it is all about convincing the
other side that their choice will be good for them and not to extort, otherwise it is not persuasion
anymore.
"Persuasion is a complex, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Persuader is thought to be an authority so the recipients believe that he is helping them. He use
symbols. Persuasion involves an attempt to influence – it must be persuader's goal to change the
audiences attitudes and he must be able to accomplish this target. "The main point here is that
persuasion represents a conscious attempt to influence the other party, along with an accompanying
awareness that the persuadee has a mental state that is susceptible to change. It is a type of social
influence. Social influence is the broad process in which the behaviour of one person alters the
thoughts or actions of another. Social influence can occur when receivers act on cues or messages
that were not necessarily intended for their consumption." (Dudczak, 2001 cited in Perloff,

Media Manipulation
Does Media Educate or Manipulate Racism?
Individuals can easily access so much information with a flip of a switch and by turning to social
media. The media exists to benefit our world; to study the facts, to connect and/or to entertain its
audience. Our culture in the United States is encouraged to believe and view headlines as truth and
fact; it is for this reason I believe that news and social media has a manner of manipulating and
influencing their audience's attention. My own view is that media educates people with or without
credible knowledge, especially in the topic of racial inequality. Racism is defined as "prejudice,
discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that
one's own race is superior" (Oxford). In the different ways that media chooses to portray knowledge
to their audience is how media manipulates what their viewers see. The media falls short of telling
the whole story; in addition, many times they display African Americans in a negative way. Media
manipulates and pushes the agenda of the black minority, such as in the case of Trayvon Martin and
George Zimmerman. Although Zimmerman was of Hispanic descent and not Caucasian, this story
was widely publicized on social and news media. "The so–called mainstream media rolled out ...
Trayvon as the latest iconic martyr in America's supposedly endless stream of systemic racial
oppression ... [and portrayed] "white Hispanic" George Zimmerman ... described

Manipulation In The Media In 1984, By George Orwell
Manipulation in the Media The American debt has been substantially increasing everyday. The
immense debt has caused the nations stability and integrity to dramatically decline, which caused for
the once great nation, to later filled with deception, that has been implemented by the extensive
amount of problems that must be hidden from the citizens of the nation. The novel 1984, by George
Orwell, similarly describes how the problems of the dystopian government are masked by the
duplicitous information that has brainwashed the nation's citizens. America is not the greatest
country in the world because the debt level has reached the trillions, with Americans being
blindsided with a lack of information every day. News media outlets refuse to share the crippling
numbers for fear of America rebelling and causing chaos within the nation. The American debt has
been present for centuries. The once minimal debt was first caused by war debts in the 1800s. Since
then, the American debt has been increasing daily. Currently, the debt has risen to a whopping
twenty trillion dollars and is rising every second. The national suffrage has caused the government
to try to solve the epidemic by reducing the taxes on individuals. The controversial proposition can
either benefit or harm the nation because the plan may reduce the deficit, but can also increase the
amount owed (Tankersley). This issue was first established because the debt ceiling. The debt
ceiling is the amount of

Life After St. Jerome 's Indian Horse Novel Study
Life after St. Jerome 's: Indian Horse Novel Study For years, First Nations children endured the
harrowing experiences of residential schools. It was not until 1996, did the final residential school
close down. It took over a hundred years of physical, physiological, and the sexual abuse of
thousands of children before residential schools existed no more. Although they do not exist
anymore, residential schools continue to cause pain throughout First Nations communities. There
are a variety of novels that describe the accounts of residential school survivors, both fiction and
non–fiction, each powerful in their own way. Indian Horse, a novel by Richard Wagamese, is one of
these novels. The book follows Saul Indian Horse, a boy of Ojibwe descent, and his experiences
within St. Jerome 's Indian Residential School. Saul turns to hockey as a form of protection from the
fowl memories of his experiences at St. Jerome 's, using the game to ignore the sexual abuse he
endured. This denial results in Saul 's pain, which comes out in the form anger on the ice, and which
ultimately results in him taking up alcohol. It is only when Saul returns to St. Jerome 's, that he is
able to stop the denial, and begin his path to healing. Richard manages to lead the reader down the
same path of denial as Saul, therefore allowing the reader to experience the same feeling of shock as
felt by Saul in his moments of realization. Saul 's denial of his sexual abuse

An Emotionally Abusive Relationship Disclosure
An Emotionally Abusive Relationship Disclosure: I am not an expert, a doctor, or professional.
What I discuss here are things that I have gone through, personally. I am speaking on my behalf. I've
been called the mother of the group of my friends on many occasions and I've been told it's because
I give great advice. I think that most of what I have been through in my life has played a part in the
great advice giver department. For those who have never met me or don't know me well, at first
glance, I have been told that I can look and even come off as "stand–offish", that I give off this vibe,
which can fool people into thinking that I'm snotty or overly confident. The truth is, I'm just as
fragile as anyone else; walk a mile in my ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I felt as though I wasn't allowed to speak because if/when I did, he would raise his voice and drown
out my words. I hated when he yelled over me and he knew that. No matter the situation, what I did
or didn't do, it's not an over–exaggeration to say that I'd get blamed for everything; I was the reason
why he couldn't get the promotion he wanted, I was the reason his life was hard, I was the reason he
was in debt, I was the reason why I wasn't happy. It turns out that I was in a relationship that wasn't
just verbally abusive, it was also an incredibly emotionally abusive relationship too. In this
relationship, I felt like I couldn't speak my mind; if I did, I felt like I would get punished for it in one
way or another. I walked on eggshells and quickly learned to tiptoe around issues or concerns within
our relationship. I felt like my feelings, thoughts, and opinions were never validated, no matter how
I tried to communicate; conversations, texts, letters, I tried everything but I was still brushed off
most of the time and never had his undivided attention, no matter how important the issue was to
me. I couldn't talk about my feelings, if I were to bring up something regarding how I felt, he would
quickly become upset and this would manifest itself in many different ways, whether he'd be
combative, judgmental, dismissive, frighteningly aggressive, or

Domestic Violence And Its Effects On Society
Murders, rapists, batterers and abusers all have two things in common: they are criminals, and they
all take away some part of another human being's life. Both men and women have to deal with the
everlasting issue of domestic violence. Defined by domesticviolence.org (2012) as a behavior "used
by one person in a relationship to control the other", domestic violence can be physical, emotional,
sexual, verbal, or even financial. Although the issue of abusers being punished is a significant one, it
must be realized that there are victims, and those victims need help. Some countries have no concern
or sympathy for victims, as more than twenty countries have no laws against abuse ("Domestic
Violence in Developing Countries: An Intergenerational Crisis," n.d.). In many cases, victims should
be placed in a counseling program so that they can learn that the trauma they endured was not their
fault. Both Sarasota and Manatee counties have shelters for women who have been abused,
however, Sarasota County shelters do not offer counseling. Sarasota County is saving money by not
having to pay for counseling, but the counseling programs are worth the funds that would have to be
put toward them. Domestic violence, when physical, is against the law, therefore, the perpetrator
may be sentence to time in jail. However, these violent criminals, most often men, do eventually get
out of jail. The victims, who often face guilt and even dependency, usually go back to their abusers,
and

The Cause And Effect Of Bullying
It 's thirty minutes till the school bell rings, A terrified twelve year old girl sobs begging her mother
to keep her from school. Meanwhile, across town another twelve year old young lady tries to arrive
to school ready to learn, she is detoured by her raging mother mad because clothes are not folded
properly in their place. The sobbing pre–teen will be coerced to go to school and, the one with
family problems finally arrives thirty minutes late finishing her homework on the car ride all the
while mother has yet to halt the abuse. Unknowingly these social differences result in catastrophe.
So we ignore the common variables within our family that make bullies and define the bullied.
THE BULLIES AND THE BULLIED
More frequently than not parents are the underlined cause of bullying. At the very least they are
responsible for teaching the ways in which to avoid the stress and social impact bullying causes .
Several parenting patterns, cause children to boss around or to be bullied as well as give birth to the
perpetrator, the bully.
Bullies
Authoritarian style parenting, which makes usage of violence or intimidation to coerce children into
cooperation is one that results in a bully to form.
This may look normal to most parents that grew up when belts were all the fashion. The parent uses
the former school,
"Do as I say because I said so"
"Kids should be seen and not heard." approach to raising children.
The children living within this household are expected to take

Being A Relationship With Someone Can Really Put One
Being a relationship with someone can really put one to the test. It takes two to be in a relationship
and it is usually two people who love one another. Within a relationship, there will be ups and
downs and agreements and disagreements, but that is when the two individuals have to come
together as one and fix the situation. During relationships, there will be arguing and quarrels, but it
takes the two lovers to know their limits. Physical and emotional abuse are the most common abuses
known to take place in a relationship, but emotional abuse can be worse than physical abuse; even
though it may result in psychical abuse from self–harm or from the harm of the spouse. Emotional
abuse commonly cannot be seen within a person, because one tries to hide it from other people by
keeping a smile on their face daily, and using the phrase, "I am fine, everything is okay.", when
really one is broken inside. Most people are afraid to leave the relationship they are in because of
the fact that they have given their all to that person, and to just let it all go at once has been an
extremely challenging situation to face. There is no perfect relationship and the sun is not always
shining like some songs and movies portray love to be. Being called names, avoiding
communication with each other, yelling and screaming at each other, are all aspects of emotional
abuse. During relationships, true enough, times will get hard. Being called names, yelling and
screaming at each other, rolling

Effects Of Physical Abuse On Elderly
The Effects of Physical Abuse on Married Couples, Children, and the Elderly Physical abuse is a
kind of domestic abuse that deals with children, elderly people, and even married couples. About
4,000 women each year die due to physical abuse and approximately 75 percent of women who are
killed by their spouse are murdered when they attempt to leave or after they have left their abusive
relationship. Abuse is a pattern of behaviors; some are physical, mental, emotional and they are even
sometimes like episodes' people go through every day. Around 1 in 10 Americans matured 60 years
old or more established have encountered some type of elderly mishandle and the evaluated range is
as high as five million older folks who are manhandled every year. ... Show more content on
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One way is to learn what the situation is and how dangerous it can get trying to prevent it. It is
important to also know who the abuser is, because whoever keeps the is the one who most likely is
abusing the child. You should only have on stable babysitter, because you do not want anyone
watching your child. If you think your child is being abused, try talking about it with them. Try to
get the child to tell you what happened and who did it to them. Stay alert is also important, because
not only your babysitter can do the abusing;it could also be a close relative or a friend. Most
importantly you need to get involved and give the children who did not have the chance to tell their
parents, get that chance, because you never know when it is too

Defining Fair Punishment
"The first and greatest punishment of the sinner is the conscience of sin."
Lucius Annaeus Seneca
What is the purpose of punishment? Ultimately a fair and effective punishment must not only
prevent future transgressions, but also teach a valuable life lesson. While some punishments may
seem standard: a grounding for breaking curfew, a detention for misbehaving in class, a jail sentence
for robbery, not all punishments are so cut and dry. Take the case of Casey Heynes. A video which
has since gone viral depicts the March 2011 incident. Ritchard Gale, 12, appears to tease and taunt
Casey, 15, and unleash a few unretaliated punches. In response, Casey picks Ritchard up, and slams
him to the ground. While Ritchard was relatively physically unscathed in the encounter, Casey could
have inflicted quite serious damage. It was revealed through family and witness interviews that
Casey was indeed provoked, and had suffered bullying at the hands of classmates for years.
Regardless, school and societal rules were broken, and consequences must follow. What then, is a
fair punishment? Casey Heynes should receive a four day at–home suspension. In addition, he
should participate in a bullying prevention group at his school and attend a one day anger
management course. This represents a fair punishment, as it acts as a reasonable deterrent, allows
Casey to demonstrate remorse, and is reflective of both Casey and Ritchard's feelings. In order for a
punishment to be

Career As A Physical Therapist Assistant
Julie Nicole Dominguez
May 15, 2015
English III – Corona
PTA
Physical Therapist Assistant
If you are interested in a hands–on job, in which you observe patients during treatment sessions,
assist patients, and receive instructions from a physical therapist, consider pursuing a career as a
Physical Therapist Assistant. There are many reasons you should consider a career in physical
therapy. A physical therapist assistant works under the supervision of a licensed physical therapist.
In many practices, physical therapists rely on the physical therapist assistant to make sure that all the
patients have access to physical therapy services. They help the physical therapist by providing
physical therapy treatment sessions that the therapist might not get around to. According to
American Physical Therapy Association physical therapy has a long history of returning individuals
to their maximum level of physical function and in many cases; patients are being sent to physical
therapy instead of surgery ("Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA) Careers Overview"). The physical
therapist often depends on their assistant to provide services, such as workouts by helping the clients
through many different exercises, massages, applying hot or cold packs, paraffin baths ("Physical
Therapist Assistant – Career Overview"). Physical therapist assistants work with physical therapists,
assisting them with the rehabilitation exercises and therapies relating with recovering from an injury
or disability

Censorship, Media Manipulation, And Betrayal
In George Orwell's novel, 1984, he incorporates the major themes of censorship, media
manipulation, and betrayal. The citizens of Oceania are constantly bombarded with different forms
of propaganda, including the posters stating "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING" and the Party's
slogans, "WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, and IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH." Giant
telescreens constantly run streams of propaganda in hopes of making the Party appear superior to
the Brotherhood. According to Big Brother, sexual interactions should be kept to a minimum and
only occur to populate and produce more Party supporters. The Party strongly encourages the
children of Oceania to join the Junior Spies, an organization that brainwashes them to report their
parents or guardians if they feel they are being disloyal to the Party and Big Brother. Nothing is
private in the territory of Oceania; technological mechanisms, such as small microphones and
helicopters acting as drones, are installed throughout to constantly monitor its members. As media
manipulation evolves and the citizens become further brainwashed, individuals have a big decision
to make, whether to rebel against the Party or betray their old ways of life. The people of Oceania
cannot express their true thoughts, emotions, and feelings about the Party for the fear that the
Thought Police will catch and turn them in. These negative thoughts obviously exist, but not many
individuals are willing to stand up for what they believe in and who they

Female Substance Abuse Counseling At The Hendry County Jail
A large number of incarcerated women report high rates of abuse, including physical, sexual, or
emotional abuse (Wolff, Frueh, Shi, Schumann, 2012). This writer recently started to conduct
individual substance abuse counseling to women incarcerated at the Hendry County Jail. During the
time of speaking to these women, a common factor has arisen, that is the fact that most of these
women have been involved in some sort of domestic violence. Although there are women's jail
groups available throughout the country, there are not enough of these groups that focus on battered
women. This writer proposes to incorporate a battered women's in jail group that will focus on
helping those women who are incarcerated and who have been involved in domestic violence
throughout their lifetime.
Proposal
Purpose and eligibility of group:
The goals of the battered women's in jail group were sampled from The National Clearinghouse for
the Defense of Battered Women and would include educating women about the dynamics of
domestic violence, supporting domestic violence survivors healing from the effects of trauma,
supporting survivors of abuse in developing strategies and identifying resources to help prevent
them from experiencing abuse again in the future, helping survivors plan and prepare for being
released, including developing comprehensive strategies for enhancing their safety while in the
community (Bible, 2011).
Due to concerns of confidentiality, participation would be limited to those

Due To The Extensive Amount Of Harm That Photo Manipulation
Due to the extensive amount of harm that photo manipulation causes, it is an ethical issue. Digital
photo manipulation in women causes widespread harm, long–lasting damage to women 's self–
esteem and other negative psychological thought processes. Research has also found that it causes a
large number of eating disorders. It does this by making women chase the ideal, thin body image
that is being portrayed in the different pictures and advertisements. There was a study done that
examined both the thin–ideal and body classification. Results from this showed that viewing the
thin–ideal lead to a higher level of body dissatisfaction (Whyte, Newman, & Voss, 2016). Thereby
this issue diminishes the autonomy of the viewers, uses models as a ... Show more content on
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A false idea of what one actually looks like is being portrayed within the photograph. They are
providing the viewers with an inaccurate and unreliable picture. It is also important to know who the
parties involved in this issue are. The company that decides to alter the image is first handedly
involved in this matter. The model that is posing for the shot, which in this case are the women that
are being altered, are also involved. Lastly, the viewers of the photograph, which includes all of
society and their target audience of females are involved as well.
Knowing the relevant laws when analyzing this issue is crucial as well. Given that the First
Amendment grants people with the freedom of speech, these companies are allowed freedom of
press as well. This allows the companies to do what they want with the images they have. They are
allowed to advertise for their company however they choose, regardless of outside opinions on their
methods. They can send whatever message, whether indirect or not to their audience without any
restrictions. However there are some company policies that these businesses try to follow. First and
foremost they try to market however they think will get them or their product the most attention.
They do this at the cost of unethical photo manipulation. Some different companies such as Dove
and Aerie have spoken out against this issue and have started campaigns of their own in response to
it. The

Conceited Judgment and the Pitfall of Pride
In both of Flannery O' Connor's short stories "A Good Man is Hard to Find" and "Good Country
People," there is a central theme about the negative effects of trusting one's own judgment too
readily, as well as using religion to manipulate people. It is easy to see multiple connections to this
theme in the two short stories, although the specific events themselves are different. For instance,
Hulga from "Good Country People" believes her intelligence allows her to see people's true
character, but she is ultimately left alone full of despair when her faith in herself and her leg is
ironically taken away. In the same way, the unnamed grandmother in "A Good Man is Hard to Find"
feels her morals and experience in life allow her to judge other characters without fault. Therefore,
the two short stories are similar to each other because the plots, characters, and misuses of religion
reflect the central theme of trust and manipulation. Although the details of these two stories differ in
many aspects, they share a similar plot that follows a theme about people trusting their own
judgments too easily. In "Good Country People," Hulga meets a Bible salesman, Manly Pointer, who
seems to have an innocent aura around him. He bored Mrs. Hopewell, Hulga's mother, but she
"couldn't be rude to him. He was just good country people, you know" (Good Country 445).
However, her personal view of him is tragically incorrect. Pointer persuades Hulga to go on a date
with him, inviting Hulga out

Models : The Reality Of Being Fake
Jordyn Ramos
Honors English 10
Period 4
10 march 2016
Photoshopping Models: The Reality of Being Fake
The majority of today's society knows that many images in magazines are retouched or edited. What
people do not know, is that practically every image in magazines are edited and models in them are
completely photoshopped to be thinner, flawless, and unrealistic. Models should not be
photoshopped because Photoshopped models have harmful effects on women in society, models
themselves, and those images are bad for advertisement. There are many companies taking stands
against Photoshop in advertising to help minimize the issue, but not enough is being done to put the
issue to an end.
Most people are unaware of what Photoshop is and what it is ... Show more content on
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Images with Photoshopped models have many consequences. In this case, the victims of Photoshop
are women in society that look up to Photoshopped models as "real beauty". This is because some
women do not know that their ideas of beauty presented in magazines, are created by a computer
program. In her article, "What's behind the culture of Photoshop in Advertising" (2013), Susan
Krashinsky introduced her argument that Photoshop was having negative effects on women. In order
to develop her argument, Krashinsky used statistics and cited editors and companies that use
Photoshop and know the severity of the topic. Since Krashinsky's article, Photoshop has only grown
bigger in the modeling industry; and its results on women have grown as well. Today, the effects of
seeing Photoshopped models include eating disorders and distorted body images. The results of
these physical, emotional, and psychological medical issues can vary, but are unhealthy and can
become deadly, no matter the situation.
Eating disorders are the most harmful consequences of Photoshop. Eating disorders are medical
illnesses that result in unhealthy eating habits while wanting to lose weight. According to The
American Medical Association, "Alterations made through processes like Photoshop can contribute
to unrealistic body image expectations, eating disorders and other emotional problems" (Diller 1).
This is because Photoshop, as previously mentioned, simply makes a

Justifying Evil for Good is Cruel
There are many forms of cruelty. One form that many can relate to is bullying. Whether having been
bullied or been the one bullying others, those cruel memories can forever be imprinted on one's
heart. In "White Lies," Erin Murphy, expresses that although bullying is wrong, trying to justify bad
deeds for good is equally cruel. Using rhetorical and tonal elements, Murphy stirs emotions with
pathos, "perhapsing" with logos, and vivid images with diction.
Murphy expresses how justifying bad deeds for good is cruel by first stirring the reader's emotions
on the topic of bullying with pathos. In "White Lies," Murphy shares a childhood memory that takes
the readers into a pitiful classroom setting with Arpi, a Lebanese girl, and the arrival ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
in the back of the room. As far as I know, she never intervened" (Murphy 382). A disheartening
picture because kids may be kids, but a grown adult should be able to distinguish between right and
wrong. Allowing the bullying to take place meant she condoned their behavior to be acceptable.
Also, as a teacher, she had the power to influence the students and teach them that any form of
cruelty is wrong.
Using "perhapsing" from a first person point of view, Murphy states that trying to justify bad deeds
for good is cruel. Describing an image of Connie and her mother at the 7–Eleven, Murphy is
showing that Connie told a white lie about her father's job: "All this changed in mid–October when
Connie's father got a job at a candy factory, news Connie announced tentatively one rainy day..."
this makes the reader consider if Connie was doing a bad deed by telling a lie for good (382). Also,
Murphy makes one question Connie's mother because even though she was trying to help Connie,
condoning a lie teaches Connie that justifying a bad deed for one's own good is acceptable "Her
mother was filling a cardboard box (with candy)" (383). Murphy's article makes one wonder if there
is a middle ground for right and wrong, but there is not and trying to justify wrong for good is cruel.
Murphy explains how justifying bad deeds for good is wrong by painting vivid images of her
characters and brings them to life with choice words. Murphy describes Arpi's accent and uses
metaphoric words

Media Manipulation In George Orwell's 1984
1984 by George Orwell, was written 40 years before the actual year 1984. The book follows
Winston Smith, a man that rewrites history for the government in the story and follows his ideas and
views on the world. In order to portray the author's views of how 1984 would be, George Orwell
developed a story of a controlling and oppressive government. 1984 developed ideas that can be
seen in society today, such as America's media manipulation. America is a constantly developing
society. Everyday new technology emerges, whether it is a more efficient way of getting around all
the way to a simple application on your phone to make life easier. With the social media industry
booming, this leaves opportunities for the media or even the American government to indirectly
shape people's political and social views without specifically telling them what to think. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"It was quite simple. All that was needed was an unending series of victories over your own
memory. "Reality control," they called it: in Newspeak, "doublethink." (Orwell, 18). This relates to
America broadcasting their war ideas over and over again, to gain support of the people. For an
example, the war against terrorism, by broadcasting how America's actions can eventually lead to a
terror free society. This allowed allowed the American government to turn civilians against selected
races and trick them into purchasing items that would "save" America and help stop terrorist. In
essence gaining control of reality and subjecting the people to think like them. This relates to 1984's
reality control because America was successfully able to push their beliefs onto their

Bullying : Bullying And Bullying
Ever since this incident administrators have taken serious actions and the bullying has dramatically
decreased. Students ceased to create rumors about him. They don't physically abuse him or call him
names in front of his peers anymore. However, he still gets talked about behind his back but of
course it's not as bad as before. He visits his counselor on a weekly basis and things have gotten
much better. I'm glad that I stuck around to be there for him while he struggled with such a horrible
time. We all need someone to be there and care for us. We all need a shoulder to cry on every once
in a while. Bullying is happening in schools all across America and teens need to start helping those
who need it the most. We need to start taking action and stop being scared to fight for what we think
is right. I admit that maybe before I lived these instants of bullying with my friend that I would have
been scared. It is scary to stand up to someone that is intimidating. The fear of being a victim
yourself can overpower your desire to step in and help. But if one person steps up, others will follow
and the bullying chain will end. Such is the power of one voice that can save someone from being
bullied at school. Bullying is a problem that starts as early as in elementary. Little things like
excluding people and leaving them out of the group on purpose can make a person feel rejected and
hurt. Many schools have a no–toleration policy for bullying but it's really the children who

Dangerous Liaisons By Claudia Moscovici
Nakia was in a relationship with a psychopath. A person with a psychopathic personality lacks the
ability to love or establish meaningful relationships. A psychopath is a predator who pretends to love
you in order to lure you into his deadly game of power, control, and manipulation. The man who
Nakia thought was her knight in shining armor turned out to be a nightmare. Throughout their
relationship, he emotionally abused her, held a gun to her head, criticized her weight, made false
accusations, cheated, called her names, and physically assaulted her during pregnancy. A psychopath
seeks to destroy your self–worth and self–esteem through cruel and methodical mind manipulation.
In her book, Dangerous Liaisons: How to Recognize and Escape from Psychopathic Seduction,
Claudia Moscovici writes about psychopaths and how they seduce women. She reveals the process
of psychopathic seduction: Idealize, Devalue, and Discard. Let's examine Nakia's abusive
relationship using the Idealize, Devalue, and Discard phases, so we can observe how a psychopath
operates. 1. Idealization Phase During the Idealization Phase the predator lures you in with the
promise of love He's a charmer, seducing you with sweet whispers so you can't see him for who he
really is: a cold blooded slithering snake waiting to sink his fangs into your self–esteem and feed off
your soul Nakia says during the honeymoon phase of their relationship, her abuser was charming,
chivalrous, and romantic. He showered her

Vanity, By Flannery O ' Connor 's A Good Man Is Hard
Extravagant accessories, egocentric mindsets, and eloquent judgment comprise some of the qualities
that society in the 1950's and now embrace in common because of moral superiority. This "belief or
attitude that one's position and actions are justified by having higher moral values than others,"
invades present society. Such lifestyle appears in Flannery O'Connor's short story, "A Good Man Is
Hard to Find." The grandmother in "A Good Man Is Hard to Find," lives blindfolded to the thought
that she stands morally superior to those who surround her, sadly acting the same way many
individuals do now in humanity. The grandmother's acts of vanity, manipulation, and judgment
encompass the never–ending attitude of moral superiority that haunts current society. "Vanity is the
excessive pride in or admiration of one 's own appearance or achievements." Vanity equates one of
the qualities of moral superiority that travels through time and merges into societies, including
today's. It lays safe to say, vanity plays an important role in the grandmother's belief of superiority
as it does too many women and men from all ages in current society. The grandmother's radiant
appearance, sticking out like a sore thumb considering the time period (the 1950's) she lives in, aids
the credentials of her moral superiority. The white violets on the brim of sailor hat," indicate the
fanciness in her complexion and being. Flannery O'Connor specifies "white violets" because they
symbolize innocence. This

The Morphing Media and Manipulation: From Information To...
What is the media in contemporary America? Media is the essential source of information about
what is going on in America and the world. The media is where the vast majority of the people
receive their information and news. The manipulation of the media can promote the death of
freedom in modern America. The media is a great tool for information, but people should not give
nearly all of their faith in them. The media evolved from an information channel to an entertainment
source. Nearly every single media is revised by some high power such as the government. Most
small children are becoming worse due to the influence of the media. Over the years, media has
become more manipulative toward their viewers, trying to impose a one sided story in ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
An ethical appeal, or ethos, is where "writers often try to persuade readers to respect and believe
them" (Axel 607). Nearly all of the audience do not tend to know the mass media personally, the
media must try to present an image of themselves in their viewing that could gain their audience's
confidence. The media uses this tactic to gain trust in the people. With people's trust in the hands of
the media, lies can be made without the majority of the people realizing. The media is suppose to
notify their audience about events going on in the community, not persuade the people in obtaining
their faith and reliance. With the media controlling the hope of citizens, freedom can collapse like an
old building scheduled for demolition. More than fifty–five percent of the Americans nationwide
depend on some type of media for news about what is going on around them. The media has not
always been "entertainment" news, real issues were talked about and informed to the people. In a
single large paragraph, the development of the media is described. "In order to remain afloat, news
has shifted to an entertainment mentality as well, often choosing to highlight the lives of celebrities
rather than international affairs" (50 Years in Media: Changes in Journalism). Around the 1955,
media did not base themselves to entertain people with their news, but rather inform the people. The
last five decades has changed the foundation of the media. With new generations

Diminished Self-concept and Value After Bullying Essay
Child development, bullying
The weak, bully others....
If people throw stones at you take them up and build something According to well known
psychologist Erik Erikson every child passes through various stages of development at the
respective ages in their life for example infancy, early childhood, preschool, school age, adolescence
his is constant for the fast majority; with few exceptions. These stages have adverse effects on these
children; development itself is a hurdle that every child has to overcome as they mature into teens
and young adults however this is predominantly not the only obstacles that they have to overcome.
Bullying. Bullying may be defined as the activity of aggressive behavior intended to threaten,
intimidate, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Secondly popular aggressive bullies they often have a lot of followers and bully because of
popularity and controlling everyone. Thirdly the relational bullies they are often very popular as
well and decide who fit in and who is an outcast, they often start rumors and gossip. Fourthly serial
bullies are those who seem normal to authority; because they are very calculated in their action so
they never get catch in action, they often inflict a lot of emotional damage. Fifthly group bullies
bully in groups only and act differently when they are alone. Sixthly are the indifferent bullies they
lack empathy a bully others for the share fun of it and lastly there are the Cyber bullies who often
bully others under the vial of the internet often social media networks (Gordon 2014). Bullying
often has adverse effects "predominantly negative" on the person that are/or have been bullied.
These effects include diminishing self concept and self value. Theoretically there are mixtures of
selves. The self you think you are, the self others think you are, the self you want to be, the self
others want you to be and the self you really are. All these selves are affected once you are bullied.
How is this important? Whatever the mine believe is more likely to be preserved. If you are
constantly bullied and pushed towards thinking of your worthless or don't fit in; the odds of you
achieving your full potential will be

The Red Light On The Dashboard Essay
. Suppress your anger. Anger gets a really bad rap, but I kind of love it. I see it as the red light on the
dashboard. It simply means that my needs are not being met. So I don 't suppress it: I acknowledge it
and address it.
2. Start telling a story. When you 're angry, it 's easy (and natural) to start writing a play in which
you 're simultaneously the hero, the victim, and the narrator. Don 't. Your motto should be "just the
facts." Identify what you really know is the case (as opposed to what you think is happening). Take a
clear look at what you are reacting to and make a clear observation, making sure not to mix in your
judgments.
3. Blame a situation or another person. A situation or another person 's actions can never "make" you
feel a certain way, so obviously blaming someone or something for your anger is a red herring.
Remember, feelings are your warning signals, and are always a result of your needs not being met.
As your attention shifts from the stimulus and your immediate reaction (anger) to identifying which
of your needs are not being met, your feelings will shift also.
4. Focus on what you don 't want. Don 't focus on what 's bad about the situation: doing so will
almost certainly keep you stuck there. Think about it: until we figure out what specific things we do
want, it 's going to be impossible to ask for them. We 're much more likely to judge and blame others
for the bad stuff ("It 's her fault!"). Learn to take ownership of your thinking and focus

My First Time
A couple of years ago, I awakened thinking that day would be like any other, but it wasn't. That was
a day that I will never forget. It was the day my friend came to my house crying to me, lip busted
and eye blacked. My initial reaction was shooting up in rage. I was speculating who I would have to
seek revenge on. She told me who did this to her. I had to calm myself back down, knowing the
results would be the same. The assailant was her boyfriend and father of her soon–to–be–born son.
This was not the first time he had put his hands on her, even though this was the first time it was this
severe. I asked her what she desired to do knowing that my previous attempts at trying to help her
were unsuccessful. I could not figure for the life of me why she would continue to go back to him.
She said she continued to stay with him because they had a child on the way. Other motives for
individuals staying in abusive relationships are they don't know any better, and they don't want to
feel like a failure. When people think of birthing a child they think of togetherness. Usually, people
want to be a happy family. A child can be thought of like a fresh start for various people. There are
not many people who want to raise a child alone, so they may remain in a situation that may not be
best for them. Being a single parent was a hard pill for my McDowell 2 friend to swallow. My
comrade wondered why she would have to be the one to raise her child as a single parent, even
though her

Social Truth : Domestic Violence Abuse
Perceived Social Truth – Domestic Violence–Abuse
The topic I have chosen is domestic violence/ abuse. Domestic violence is violence or aggressive
behavior within the home, involving a partner or spouse. Society perceives that if someone mainly a
women is in a bad relationship it should be easy to leave. Its not easy, I have witnessed it first hand.
Many people think that abuse has to include being violent or physical with one another, but not
always, abuse can be verbal, mental, sexual, and even emotional. Fact of the matter is over the years
I have heard many people voice there opinion about what they would do if they were involved in an
abusive relationship. Stating there is no way they could be in a relationship that causes pain and fear.
Until someone is faced with the situation they can not state what actions they would precede to
make.
Growing up I was always educated by strong powerful women. Women who could stand on there
own two feet and not need a man to be there provider. Many times I my family and I have
communicated about domestic violence and abuse. Never allow yourself to become a mans
punching bag, never be afraid to leave because its always something out there in the world that's
better then what you have. Previously, while sitting at the beauty polar I overheard women gossiping
about others relationship and etc.. Its Crazy how women belittled each other by making statements
like "girl you stupid for staying with a man that beat you" "girl you aint as

Media Manipulation Exposed in George Orwell's Shooting an...
Media Manipulation Exposed in George Orwell's "Shooting an Elephant" The phrase "the power of
the press" is used often, but what exactly is the power of the press? Since the beginning of news
reporting, it's been known that what actually gets into the news reports is monitored and carefully
picked by higher authorities. What isn't widely known, however, is that the media can use specific
wording and phrases that, on the surface, look like normal news coverage, but are actually a
technique of the media to control the images people see and the words they hear and read. From this,
people then form their ideals, but are these actually ideals of those people if the media from which
they based them off of was controlled to begin with? It is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
On a daily basis, Orwell was perceived as an intruder upon the Burmese land by the natives, but on
this day, he is "momentarily worth watching" (Orwell 337). Taking up an elephant rifle, Orwell went
forward to do something about the elephant, though he wasn't sure exactly what that would be. He
didn't want to kill the elephant, but now that he held the rifle, he felt that the Burmese had the power
and were forcing him along: Here was I, the white man with his gun, standing in front of the
unarmed native crowd–seemingly the leading actor of the piece; but in reality I was only an absurd
puppet pushed to and fro by the will of those yellow faces behind... [The leader] becomes a sort of
hollow, posing dummy, the conventionalized figure of a sahib. For it is the condition of his rule that
he shall spend his life in trying to impress the "natives," and so in every crisis he has got to do what
the "natives" expect of him (Orwell 337). Orwell's perspective was that because the Burmese
expected him to shoot the elephant, he had no other choice but to do so. His own ideals of how
shooting the elephant was wrong were overcastted by the Burmese "media," who urged him along
and condoned the death of the elephant. It is not evident whether or not the natives were aware of
their power over Orwell. The media as we know it today, however, did realize its power over the

Abc Model of Crises Intervention
1 ABC Model of Crises Intervention Linda S Dallas Kaplan University Prof: Patricia Grace HN220–
01: Prevention and Crises Intervention 2 Although not everyone that comes across a stressor in life
will experience a crisis, some are unable to cope with the stressor in a healthy manner and
eventually succumb to a crisis. If this person does not receive the adequate crisis intervention during
this state, he or she is likely to be unable to function at the level he or she had been functioning
before the crisis. This will inevitably lead to additional crisis scenarios for every stressor they must
face in life. "This pattern can go on for many years until the person's ego is completely drained of its
capacity to deal with reality; often ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Substance–abuse issues also need to be addressed and in that case, adequate treatment would
include detox and/or rehab services. Finally any medical concerns that may have arisen are also of
concern and should be dealt with immediately. For instance, if since the event the client has become
a hoarder or compulsive sex addict, these issues must also be dealt with appropriately. There are
many methods of coping treatments available to your clients in today's day and age. 4 Most
traditional forms of coping treatments are those such as support groups or 12–step groups,
individual or family therapy, legal aid, or even reading self–help books. Preventative techniques of
coping help the client prepare for future stressors in their lives and thus help them to be more able to
cope with these stressors in a normal and healthy manner. I would most likely recommend the client
to meditate daily in order to remain calm. I would also tell them to envision any stressors that can
ever possibly arise and to already plan how they would react to it. For instance, if a client is scared
that their husband may need to have a surgery performed, I would tell them to decide how they
would deal with it if it does happen. By doing so, they will already begin to face their demons and it
will not

A Student Who Was A Victim Of Theft !
The tearful lament of a student who was a victim of theft!
I am a simple student. One who is not very popular or hails from a very prominent well–to–do
family. It was the holidays, and all I wanted was to make some money. Money to enable me pay–off
a debt I owed a friend. Apparently he wanted me to pay him back after the laptop I had borrowed
from him was stolen in my possession. Money to give me the deep satisfaction of helping my family
cope with the daily life expenses. Money that would enable me to purchase trendy clothes so that I
could have a satisfying feeling of fitting–in among the youth in my school. They were my dreams
and plans. A fragment of hope clouded me when I secured employment over the school holidays–for
I had a chance to make the money I so much yearned.
Now, all that hope remains to be hope, and not fulfilled dreams. My life is a nightmare. I sit down in
my room. My eyes wet with tears as I reminisce on that fateful day. Mixed feelings fill my heart. Is
it grief? Is it sorrow? Is it confusion? Is it disappointment? Is it regret? Is it hate? Is it rage? My
answer is 'Yes ' to all the above. The feelings pierce my heart and soul at different rates. Perhaps it
was my fate! I try to console myself. However, it just raises another question: Why did they have to
rob me?
The joy I felt as I received an envelope with my salary is inexpressible through words. The joy I felt
as I travelled back home can only be compared to the happiness of the King. Oh my

Mass Media Manipulation Negatively Affects African...
Since the early 2000's we have seen the rise and power of the mass media. However what most
people fail to realize are how mass media manipulation negatively affects African American athletes
on all levels. When dissecting this situation there are several key things to understand. America is a
country that was born out of racism and is still being controlled to this day by racism. So naturally
every institution that is run by racist such as the NBA, NCAA, NFL, the Supreme Court, major
banking companies or the media. Within every racist institution there is a natural plan built in for
blacks to fail. While on one hand there is a plan for most blacks to fail on the other hand there are
plans set up to capitalize off our talent on every ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Physical matureness by and large cause a normal growth in strength, quickness, and size which are
significant traits for sport success but the only thing youth sports reveal to us is that some players
are maturing more rapidly than others. At the youth level being bigger, stronger, and faster are
typically all that is required to stand out in a group of less prepared underdeveloped athletes. But it
is not a pure marker in terms of who is really the most gifted At more mature ages skill and
accomplishments are closely related, but at the young sport level such a relationship is untimely
since achievement gains are dependent on more than just changing physical attributes. Victory in
youth sport is comparative to whoever is on the team or field; therefore accomplished adolescents
are distinguished in relation to others they are competing with and not against some universal test.
Few of these players may be more accomplished between their Slower maturing mates but it doesn 't
maintain that they are also more gifted. In any event, we have an inclination to glorify a youthful
competitor 's ability by naming him as super talented when the pure argument is that he 's really just
maturing faster then his peers. The next terrible thing plaguing black males athletes is the illusion of
pro success. Due to the overexposure of professional athletes and chance to hit it big. As well as
over praise for these professionals make young males aspire to do nothing other then become

The Effects Of Sexual Abuse On Adolescents And Adults
Aiden grew up within a dysfunctional family system where his parents were unable to provide a safe
and nurturing environment for him. The parents had a violate relationship and were emotionally and
physically abusing their child. Aiden received negative messages throughout his childhood and
adolescent years and this in turn became a self–fulfilling prophecy. Intervention strategies
throughout his life span could have altered the course of the school shooting. Childhood
Experiences Aiden experienced emotional abuse from his father throughout his childhood. Kent and
Waller (1998 p393) argues" that emotional abuse is the "core" issue in childhood trauma." The
impact of this abuse is related to psychological instabilities in adolescents and adults. Aiden was
given messages such as, "Stop Crying and "you are an embarrassment you a loser." He was also
traumatized when he was grabbed by his collar of his clothes and dragged into his room. Hart and
Brassard (1987) have categorized five categories of "psychological maltreatment including spurring,
terrorizing, isolating; exploitation and denying the emotional responses of the child. Aiden
experienced terrorizing and denying of emotional responsiveness. Aiden's parent's displayed many
of the characteristics associated with emotional abusing parents. They were unresponsive to his
needs; hostile attitude towards him, and had unrealistic expectations of his behaviors and
expectations. The parent–child interaction patterns become

Media Manipulation
The manipulation of media creating a world of illusions In a time of innovation and exploration the
world has reached an era of immense technological advancement, increasing efficiency of tasks but
also bringing forth many first world problems. These problems are a result of the filtered and biased
sources of media that create "the distinction between true and false [..] increasingly blurred by
manipulation of facts, by exploitation of uncritical minds, and by the pollution of language"(Arne
Tiselius). As society becomes more reliant on media and it's many forms for knowledge one's
perception of reality is altered due to conflicting ideologies that are present in mass media. Through
propaganda, manufactured reality, subliminal messages, suppression of information and so on, the
media has created many ways to shape the public's opinion in correspondence with their agenda.
The media has a great ability to influence and shape the thoughts of its audience by not only in
telling the public what to think but also convincing them how, and why to think in such a manner.
As a result, moral values of those uncritical minds have been modernized in a sense, creating
distorted views. Promoting dishonesty, cheating, manipulation, and backstabbing. These values can
be seen on reality t.v. shows, on social media, in hip hop songs and they are glorified by celebrities
that millions of people across the world look up to. Very famous sports athletes have been caught
abusing

Brain Washed Public : Media Manipulation
Brain–Washed Public: Media Manipulation We as a society tend to do everything we see or hear on
the media, constantly being controlled like puppets. Just about from everything we read online or
view is a wrap. I think we easily believe everything we read online because it is promoted by people
we look up to, for example celebrities. If the celebrity we admire and want to be like is doing it, we
want to be doing it as well. Media manipulation has been going on for a long period of time but it
seems to becoming a huge problem recently. Not everything we see or hear is true, we have to trust
our instincts also. Media manipulation is cause through famous celebrities, the government, and our
emotions. The amount of time I have done or believed something due to the fact that a celebrity was
in on it is unbelievable. Many of us now a days use social media websites such as Instagram,
Twitter, Facebook, and etc. Celebrities heavily influence people of all ages. If someone we look up
to is doing something, we want to be a part of it. Many girls are obsessed with the Kardashian
family, who have their own reality T.V. show among their own businesses. If one of the Kardashians
is doing something new, the following day many of the people who watch their show are also doing
it. For example, the Kardashian sisters, Kim, Kortney, Khloe, and Kylie started wearing waste
trainers to modify their waste to look thinner. Even though many doctors suggested exercising over
the waste trainer, a lot

Physical Therapy Assistant 's Help Patients Recuperate...
Physical therapy assistant's help patients recuperate from injury, regain movement, cope with pain
and encourage wellness by assisting a physical therapist. They assist in providing therapy for
patients through exercise, massage, stretching, gait and stability training, and with the use of
therapeutic modalities, such as ultrasound. They also instruct patients' families on how they may
help their loved one at home. Physical therapy assistants monitor patients during therapy and report
their status and development to a physical therapist. Physical therapy assistants work under direct
supervision of physical therapists and carry out plan of treatments set by the physical therapist.
(Summary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 2, 2015, from http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical–
therapist–assistants–and–aides.htm#tab–2)
The scope of practice in the physical therapy profession is always changing and growing with new
evidence, education, and social needs. The scope of practice is made up of three parts, professional,
jurisdictional, and personal. The professional scope of practice is found upon the understanding,
educational training, and evidence emerging from the therapy practice. The jurisdictional scope of
practice is based on the particular state's licensure procedures and policy. The personal scope of
practice consists of the activities the therapist is familiar with and where they were trained to
perform these activities expertly. (The Physical Therapist Scope of Practice.

Health Case Study
An elderly gentleman works on the daily crossword from the morning newspaper when he hears the
telephone ring. When the elder answers, the person on the other line goes on to say, "Hello, this is
Equifax calling to verify your personal account information". In light of the recent data breach, the
elder goes on to provide information to the person in hopes of not losing personal data to scammers.
Little does the elder know at the time, that is exactly what he is providing to the caller, as the
scammers will take advantage of the information they receive from him. A few days later, the elder
spots a story while watching the evening news that Equifax is not calling anyone and to ensure not
to provide any information to the callers in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a result, there are many cases that are left unreported. With this, CPA's are in a unique position to
bridge the gap in reporting of fraud committed against elders, as they are a trusted source for their
clients. CPA's should look to take on a financial elder planning role when providing services to the
elder demographic. Although this role is atypical for a CPA, they are in a position to do so as they
have a high amount of knowledge about the client. One of the best measures CPA's can provide is
awareness to the subject. CPA's can begin by ensuring the elder is well informed about common
scams and risks associated with particular activities as the fraudsters consistently look to take
advantage of a changing environment. However, despite implementing preventative measures, the
fraudsters may still prevail with a growing complexity in their schemes. Therefore, it is beneficial
for CPA's to recognize the signs of potential abuse to protect their client's interests. Red Flags
At the root of many financial elder abuse cases are fraudsters who have built relationships with the
elder and later took advantage of the elder's trust placed in them. Many fraudsters look to convince
the elder that they are the only one who truly cares about the elder's financial position. Further, they
may look to isolate the elder from

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