AMA Code Of Medical Ethics

AMA Code Of Medical Ethics
If you were to compare the AMA code of medical ethics to the APHA code of public health ethics,
there most definitely would be conflicts. As mentioned, medical ethics looks at the individual and
public health ethics deals with the population. One example of this conflict could be in AIDS
testing. The individual's right to privacy and confidentiality must be maintained, while the need for
public health, such as notifying their partners to prevent further spreading of the disease (Williams
& Torrens, 2008).
The individual right (medical ethics) would be to protect the confidentiality of the patient. This
would ensure trust between the patient and the physician. If the patient test positive, the patient has
to trust their privacy will
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Medical Ethics In Prisoners Of War
Prisoners of war have been experimented on since the late 1930s. In world war 2 according to the
medical ethics timeline:
"During World War II, Nazi doctors conduct experiments on thousands of concentration camp
prisoners––Jews, Gypsies, and others––without their consent. Experiments are conducted to find
ways to help Axis military personnel to survive injuries, diseases and other conditions suffered in
wartime. Prisoners in concentration camps such as Auschwitz, Buchenwald and Dachau undergo
painful and often deadly experiments, such as freezing experiments to find a treatment for
hypothermia or high–altitude tests to determine the highest altitude a crew member from a damaged
airplane can parachute to safety".(ProQuest Staff 3).
These experiments were very invasive and prisoners were forced to do them. But other there
experiments, that do not force prisoners to enlist, but let them volunteer instead. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the other hand the idea of medical ethics comes to mind, medical ethics is a system of moral
principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine. Medical ethics encompasses
its practical application in clinical settings as well as work on its history, philosophy, and sociology.
This practice is taken into account in these trials for example in 2006 in Guantanamo Bay it was
discovered that their inmates were taken advantage of in clinical trials.(Medical Ethics Timeline 14).
The discrepancy in guantanamo led to the lead ethicist from the pentagon to take a tour of the prison
and search for any violations of ethics. The inspection of the facility led to this "the United Nations
(UN) publishes a report that points to torture of the "war on terror" detainees and urges the U.S. to
shut down the detention center."(Medical Ethics Timeline

The Problem Of Medical Ethics
After extensive training, practice, and exploitation of their skills, medical students become interns
who go on to become residents, who finally evolve into attending physicians. After this grueling
journey of education and advancement of knowledge, it is quite common for some physicians to feel
comfortable in their line of work; moreover, doctors of this caliber often submerge themselves into
routine scenarios and procedures where the question of medical ethics remains close to non–
existent. However, when questions of this nature do arise, it is imperative that doctors are aware of
their severity and are adept at being able to confront them with a high level of appropriateness.
Physicians often ask, "What is the right methodology to solve this dilemma?" Thus, when these
specific questions develop, it is quite fascinating to reveal the factors that determine the choices and
decisions a physician would make regarding these scenarios. From logical, emotional, and even
physician credibility, there are a plethora of situations in which physicians must question their plan
of action for their patients and determine the best course forward to ensure patient health and
wellness.
While surgeries of all forms are highly advanced and use extreme technological precision, there still
remains a single ultimatum: all surgeries have the potential to be fatal. With this statement in mind,
there arises a particular ethical question. To what extents is a patient willing to travel to ensure

Private And Privacy In The Medical Code Of Ethics
Exposing patient private and sensitive information can cause harm to the patient as well as his/her
relatives. This is the reason medical professionals are compelled by the law especially the HIPAA
privacy rule to ensure that patient personal information is kept private and confidential. Exposing
patient private and sensitive information is one of the unethical behaviors in the medical profession.
In medical profession, the code of ethics ensures that medical practitioners remain professional
(American Nurses Association 21). This ensures high quality service delivery as well as ensuring
that the patients are protected from any possible harm by the actions of the medics. Privacy is one of
the key issues in medical profession. The behavior of medical practitioners leaking patient
information is unethical and thus can harm the patient. Patient information has to be kept private and
thus the medics are compelled to ensure confidentially. However, there are various circumstance in
which the information can be shared. In medical profession, confidentially is paramount and thus
patients ought to be assured of their privacy. Some illnesses such as HIV/AIDS can make the patient
traumatized and thus such information has to remain confidential between the medical practitioner
and the patient (Kuo et al 25). The code of ethics on patient privacy and confidentiality have been
supported by Kantian ethics theory on individual morality. Any behavior leading to exposure of
patient

The Ethics Of The Saudi Medical University
Summary
Work ethics is a value base where you treat all the work concerns equally, and it 's connected with
fairness, when the working ethic in an organization reach high level, it will assess indirectly the
performance to achieve certain goals and targets. In another hand, we can simply define it also as a
set of principles that the company establish to control the behavior of its worker and gives a legal
reference of each action. However, a solid ethical organization does not happen by its own, people,
by their human nature, may recognize the right and wrong, however written procedure helps to
avoid the conflicts raised.
The role of HR management that they must conduct comprehensive ethics programs within all areas
of the organization in order to create an ethical workplace, maintain good reputation, and achieve
success.
In this case, the Saudi Medical University is suffering from an ethical issue, which is Nationality
favoritism among employees in different areas.
With the university establishment, faculty from different cultures and countries were selected, and
recruited. However, the majority of the employees were from a specific nationality, which was
Nationality E. Yet, lack of appropriate HR department and with the several opportunities within the
new university, employees started to form groups in order to take the most advantage from the
available opportunities.
At 2014, a new dean recommended by National E group has joined the institution. The new dean

Medical Ethics And Ethics Regarding Medical Marijuana
RESEARCH PAPER
Medical Ethics & Ethics Regarding Medical Marijuana by Sowmya Kondapuram
Medical ethics is a system of morals and values that apply judgments to the practice of medicine.
Medical ethics mainly deals with behavior of physician and the decisions they have to make rather
than how to treat patients. Physicians face these kind of questions and dilemmas often. Simply put
ethics in medicine is about making decisions that are moral and just. Medicine is both science and
an art, where science implies physicians to recognize signs of illness, treat or cure the patients and
art involves making right decisions in ethical situations.
Medical Ethics:
All doctors take a certain oath or pledge before taking up on their career. They take up the following
oaths –
 Pledge to consecrate their life to service of humans.
 Will respect their patients.
 Practice their profession with conscience and dignity.
 Health of patient would be their primary importance.
 Main autonomy by protecting the secrets of the patients.
 Not permit age, race, social status, disease, nationality or any other factor to falter their decisions.
 Respect for human life.
 Will behave professionally at all times.
Non–Rational Approaches to Ethical Issues:
 Obedience, a common way of making ethical decisions. Generally agreeing to the patients
consents, following the rules fall under this approach.
 Imitation, following up a superior and taking decisions based on these role models. Making
Ethical

Beauchamp And James Childress: The Four Principles Of...
The four principles of medical ethics include nonmaleficence, beneficence, autonomy, and justice.
These principles were created by Beauchamp and James Childress because they felt these four were
the building blocks of people's morality. Nonmaleficence is to do no harm to others. Beneficence is
to care or help others. Autonomy is to respect another's wishes. These four principles relate to issues
surrounding physician–assisted death in many ways. To begin, there are seven individual forms of
PAD. They are the following; voluntary passive euthanasia, nonvoluntary passive euthanasia,
involuntary passive euthanasia, voluntary active euthanasia, nonvoluntary active euthanasia,
involuntary active euthanasia, and physician–assisted suicide. Passive euthanasia is an act in which
the health care physician withholds treatment or surgery and the result is the patient's death. An
example of passive euthanasia is a cancer patient refusing treatment and the physician agrees with
their decision, therefore the patient dies from the lack of intervention to treat their illness. Active
euthanasia is an act in which the health care physician has a direct contact with the patient's death
due to the physician's act of doing something to the patient in order for them to die. An example of
active euthanasia is an injection of potassium chloride. Voluntary is when the patient is requesting
assistance to die. Nonvoluntary is when the patient is not requesting assistance and their wishes are
unknown

Pros And Cons Of Medical Ethics
MEDICAL ETHICS
By
Sowmya Kondapuram

Definition
Medical ethics is a system of moral principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of
medicine.

Ethics in Medicine
Respect for "Autonomy". Beneficence.
No Maleficence.
Justice.
Respect for persons. Honesty.

Challenges Faced by Doctors Today..!!
Abortion.
Assisted Suicide & Euthanasia. Embryonic Stem Cell Research.

Abortion
Abortion is one of the most debatable issue in the field of medicine today.
The abortion debate asks whether it is morally right to abort a pregnancy before normal childbirth.
There is a dual debate going on with people agreeing it to be wrong on one side and vice versa.

The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Doctors are compelled to choose which values are more important and act accordingly.

Ethical Dilemma ?

Embryonic Stem Cell Research
Human Embryonic Stem Cells, are widely having their use in tissue repair and restoring normal
functionality of defective cells in common disabilities. They represent future relief and cure to
certain ailments.

Controversial Issues
The use of human Embryonic Stem Cells is considered highly unethical because they are derived

from human embryos, which have yet to be implanted .
The debatable question is that 'Can these cells be isolated and used and, if so, under what conditions
and restrictions?'

Alternatives..
Stem cell research is highly controversial with wide range of applications as well as the negative
unknowns.
Latest insight into effectiveness, risks and treatment should be analyzed in alternative solutions
before performing research on embryonic cells.
More Research needs to be done in the area of therapeutic cloning, which requires spare embryonic
cells.


2. There Are Numerous Principles Of Medical Ethics That
2 There are numerous principles of medical ethics that are important to consider in ethical
arguments and situations. In the theory of principilism, health care professionals base their ethical
practice on four principles: autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. These are all
thought to be important principles that should be considered when examining a case involving
medical ethics. While it is of the greatest benefit for components of each of these principles to play a
part in deciding what is ethically appropriate, I believe that autonomy is the principle that holds the
utmost importance. The purpose of this paper is to develop an argument in favour of the statement
that autonomy is the most important point to consider when ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A common denominator in these discussions was the principle of autonomy. Most people agreed
that the issue with female genital mutilation is that it is often performed on nonconsenting minors,
meaning that if people had been making the choice to have this done to themselves, it would be
acceptable as it is only themselves being affected. In the discussion regarding whether a physician
should tell a terminal patient their diagnosis if they are thought to be emotionally unstable, the
widely accepted answer was still yes, as he should have autonomy over the rest of his medical
decisions. In talking about Oregan's Death with Dignity Act, a lot of people agreed with physician
assisted suicide for terminally ill patients meeting certain requirements; these patients make the
autonomous decision to end their own lives, rather than endure the agony that living out their
disease would likely cause them. While it can be argued that the "premature" death could cause
emotional harm to the family members and therefore does not comply with the principle of
autonomy. This is irrelevant, as it is not changing the result of the illness but only speeding up the
process. Through the multiple articles and discussions

Ethics in Medicine : the Relationship Between Law and...
The essay will discuss the ETHICS IN MEDICINE : The Relationship Between Law and Medical
Ethics:
Dispute and Legal Issues:
A 32 year old woman was admitted to the Trauma Intensive Care Unit following a motor vehicle
accident; she had multiple injuries and fractures, with several complications which continued to
develop over the first couple of weeks. The patient rapidly developed Adult Respiratory Distress
Syndrome, was on a ventilator, and was continuously sedated. Shortly after the patient's admission,
her parents were contacted and remained vigilant at her bedside. The parents reported that the
patient was one month away from having her divorce finalized. The patient's husband was
reportedly physically and emotionally abusive to her ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the husband thus removed as her surrogate decision–maker, it appears the patient's parents
would become the highest level class of surrogate decision–maker and could provide informed
consent for her care if the patient is unable to do so.
Even if the patient's husband remains as her legal surrogate decision–maker, his decisions on the
patient's behalf are constrained by legally imposed standards. First, a surrogate is legally required to
provide "substituted judgment" on behalf of the patient. This means that the surrogate must act in
accordance with the patient's wishes. If substituted judgment isn't possible (i.e., unknown what the
patient would want under the current medical circumstances), then the law requires the surrogate to
act in the patient's "best interests." Since the medical team has significant input about what would
medically be in the patient's interest, a decision by a surrogate which doesn't adhere to this standard
should not be automatically followed and may need to be reviewed by the institutional ethics
committee, risk management, or legal counsel.
The patient's husband may be willing to waive his surrogate decision–maker role to his estranged
wife. If this occurs, then he would agree to remove himself from the list of potential surrogate
decision–makers and the next highest

Medical Ethics : The Medical Code Of Ethics
Medical ethics refers to the basic principles by which the medical profession conducts its works.
Every person who enters the medical profession is governed by the profession's established code of
ethics (the principles of right and wrong). While there are laws that protect patients, the code of
ethics makes even greater demands on those in this profession.
The medical code of ethics is based on the Oath of Hippocrates. Hippocrates, a Greek physician, is
knowns as the father of medicine. The Oath of Hippocrates requires physicians to hold in reverence
for those who have taught them and to pass on their education knowledge to others. It further
requires physicians to use extreme care, to revere their patients and the practice of medicine itself,
and to regard it as an art. The oath is administered to those who are about to receive a medical
degree (Gladwell, 2007).
The American Medical Association (AMA) has established its own code of ethics that more clearly
defines the ethics in terms of morality. The code addresses the respect and care that physicians and
medical assistants must have for their patients, the law, the field of medicine, and the communities
which they serve (American psychological Association, Washington, DC.). The code prescribes
respect for the dignity of humanity, confidential information, and the high principles of the
profession (Gross, 2005). It also requires medical doctors and assistants to improve on their

Ethics Paper : Bioethics And Medical Ethics
Amanda Keith
May 10, 2016
BIOETHICS & MEDICAL ETHICS
PHILOSOPHY 345
Case Study #4
(1) What is the central ethical issue in the case?
Chuck Held is an emergency room nurse who is being paged to the Emergency Room since an
outbreak of a more virulent form of H1N1 has been confirmed in his city. He has a family,
consisting of a 2–year–old son, two golden retrievers and a partner, whom is also a nurse working in
another area of the hospital. He worries that he may be quarantined when arriving at the hospital.
The central ethical issue is whether or not nurses, like Chuck Held have a duty and moral obligation
to treat patients during an outbreak of a highly contagious virus.
(2) Who are the "interested" parties?
The interested parties include Chuck Held, an emergency room nurse who has been paged to report
to the ER. His family, consisting of his partner, dogs and son would be affected if he were to become
quarantined at the hospital. Furthermore, the healthcare professionals at the hospital and the ER
patients are both interested parties, both affected by the outbreak. All healthcare professionals have
the ethical dilemma of whether or not to treat patients during an outbreak and the ethics committee
has a duty to oversee compliance among healthcare staff and to resolve any disputes.
(3.) How would you resolve the ethical issue?
An outbreak of a more virulent form of H1N1 in the city has led to the question of whether or not it
is the nurse's duty to treat. This

Medical Ethics Case Study: The Henrietta Lacks Case
1. Describe three research issues raised by the research now known as the Tuskegee Experi–ment.
One research issue that raised a problem in the study is participants were not aware of the
experiment that was taking place with them as human subjects. The researchers misinformed the
individuals about the study. Free health care adver–tised as a gimmick to recruit the participants.
The purpose of informed consent is to protect human subjects by insuring they voluntarily agree to
participate and are fully aware of all risks. Informed consent was out the question for the Tuskegee
Experiment. The participants did not give any consent to participate in the exper–iment. The
participants were not able to exercise their choice of either wanting or ... Show more content on
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How might the Tuskegee Experiment and Henrietta Lacks story affect participation of people of
color in research?
People of color would not want to participate in research because of the mislead–ing information
and the absence of trust the people of color have for medical care professional. For being exposed to
such cruelty, people of color would be hesitate to be involved due to being judged off their social
status, education and lifestyle of living. Evaluating both situations medical care professional
targeted the poor and uneducated people of color to manipulate their choice of will.
6. Explain how you feel about these two situations.
I am very infuriated with the behaviours of the doctors, board members and peo–ple condoning the
experiment that participated in the Tuskegee Experiment. Tak–ing advantage of individuals due to
the social class and education is a wrongful matter. I feel this is a government conspiracy that dealt
with just blacks and not seeing them as human beings. There were plenty other options on
conducting this experiment but targeting uneducated poor black people just shows how much re–
spect people have for others. This study went unnoticed for years without any exposure from the
government officials to take action on mistreatment to humans no matter what the skin color may
be. At this time frame when the Tuskegee Ex–periment was taken place civil rights was not in the
full affect to say their rights were violated but the common sense of a person

Medical Ethics Chapter 1 Summary
Medical Ethics has been around since the very beginning concepts of medicine. In A Short History
of Medical Ethics, Albert R. Jonsen gives a brief 120–page synopsis of the differences and advances
in medical ethics through different time periods and cultures. Jonsen jumps from one philosopher to
the next, covering the similarities and differences between such a wide ranged topic over time.
Throughout the chapters, I did notice that there was one unifying theme that stayed consistent:
decorum, deontology, and politic ethics. Decorum is the appropriateness of behavior or conduct,
deontology is the study of nature of duty and obligation, and politic ethics is the practice of making
moral judgments about political actions.
In Chapter 1, Jonsen ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Wade which allows woman to make their own decisions with their body pertaining to abortion as
long it is before a certain period time of pregnancy; baby doe which allows no one to discriminate
and fail to give proper treatment just because of a child's disabilities; and the AIDS

Abortion (Medical Law and Ethics
Medical Law and Ethics Project Ethical Question: Should abortion be abolished? Is abortion
murder? Should rape be considered a reason for a young woman to get an abortion? Ethical Scenario
1: A beautiful 20 year old female having the time of her life, maybe going crazy having unprotected
sex while whoever and not caring or even thinking of her consequences. A few weeks go by and the
female ends up pregnant and automatically she decides to have an abortion because she don't know
the father or can't afford the child or just plainly doesn't want children. Does she have the
constitutional right to an abortion? Ethical Scenario 2: Across town another beautiful 20 year old
just left her 2nd shift job at the local diner and is walking ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
There are still possibilities of infertility in the mother caused by doctor error or genetic
predispositions, psychological damage, an even smaller possibility of death that come from getting
abortions. There are many other options than to resort to abortion. Adoption, the use preemptive
birth control, like condoms, pills, I.U.D.'s, and spermicides. 3. How does it make me feel? I was
raised Christian, where it is considered a sin to abort a child in the eyes of God. For ethical scenario
2, her consequences are very disappointing and difficult but also very understandable. Anyone could
see clearly that this child would be a reminder of her tragic situation. As for ethical scenario 1, that
young lady was just completely being irresponsible and now does not want to handle the true life
responsibilities that came along with her irresponsible decisions and lifestyle. In both cases, I must
stay dormant due to the fact that I feel that gift of God should not in any form pay the consequences
of decisions way beyond that child's control, there is always another option. That child was given
the miracle of life and once that gift is given, that child deserves to see life

Positive Attitudes Toward Medical Ethics
In this study, of the whole 380 subjects under study, 47.7% (180 subjects) were men, and 52.6%
(200 subjects) were women. Moreover, all subjects belonged to the 19–27 age range, and the mean
and standard deviation of samples' age were 22.48±2.7. In terms of marital status, the majority of
subjects were single (77.1% or 293 subjects). Additionally, in terms of education, 180 subjects
(47.4%) were medical students, 113 subjects (29.7%) were majoring in nursing, and 87 subjects
(22.9%) were midwifery students.
The results showed that 75.8% (288 subjects) of students held positive attitudes towards medical
ethics (with a mean and standard deviation of 4.500± 0.73). The highest and lowest values of
attitudes towards medical ethics belonged to the principle of beneficence (with a mean and standard
deviation of 4.62± 0.67) and the principle of justice (with a mean and standard deviation of 4.29±
0.80), respectively (see Table 1).
The independent t–test showed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of
students' attitudes in terms of gender, indicating that the male students' attitudes were better than
those among the female students (p positive attitudes towards professional ethics through various
ways, including retraining courses, and they should be prepared in the face of numerous ethical
challenges in the future. The highest mean of attitudes towards medical ethics related to the
principle of non–maleficence. Moreover, the students believed that any

Medical Ethics: Principles, And Values?
Medical Ethics Essay
Ashley Prasad Njallimackal 小佳20130123031
Medical Ethics is a Special kind of ethics which has a set of Moral principles which applies certain
values and judgements for Medical practices . It also says that no matter what Race, Gender,
Religion a person may be , Should be given Medical care . Medical Ethics has some Principles or
Values , that can be followed by the Professionals in cases where there is a bit of confusion, and
these Principles are Autonomy, Non–Maleficence, Beneficence and Justice. This was first coined by
Thomas Percival. Now let me give a case study to explain in detain these four Principles
A Patient , Melissa, 15 year old, jewish, comes to The Medical Mission Hospital due to having a lot
of unusual spots on her right hand, after major tests and a biopsy, the doctor concludes that it is
Malignant Meningioma . The Best treatment possible is Amputation , since it was spreading at a
very high rate. Melissa strongly disagreed on amputating her right hand since she wouldn't be able
to do anything even if she survives , but her parents gave consent to do it as the doctors explained to
them of the consequences if the dint. But while the surgery was progressing they amputated her left
hand thinking it was the right hand. Only after the operation finished they found out it was the
wrong ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Beneficence , Non– Maleficence And the Justice were all not given or rejected to Esteban. First
of all, the doctors should have tried to see if his condition was really bad . But they just asked him to
wait, causing his heart to have a major Heart attack which led to his death. As Beneficence states
that good should be done . But here Beneficence was violated. Then by not treating him , Non–
Maleficence was also violated. Since he died , Justice was not served to him. It wasn't the right and
fair thing for the

Medical Ethics Case Study Essay
Medical Ethics Case Study
Introduction
Professionals in every field are always confronted with some kind of ethical issues. It has however
been noted that these ethical issues become high in magnitude and extent when public officials are
involved. Due to the involvement of human life, an industry like healthcare holds ethics in highest
regard. Even though these healthcare practitioners are highly trained to deal with issues of these
kinds, their decisions can sometimes have a lasting impact on their professional and personal lives
(Edwards 2009).
The general awareness among patients on their rights during a medical procedure often conflict with
the morals of the healthcare industry. Many times healthcare professionals are caught between ...
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Yeo (2010) point out that the possibility to retain some information from patients has been ordered
for long in Australian law, as in other countries for the benefit of the patient. This has now been
combined with the greater autonomy acknowledged to the patient in many jurisdictions. Although a
clinical approach reveals that loyalty should guide the patient–physician relationship, there are still
some situations in which information consent and truth telling may be controversial: in some
circumstances, the physician should or may not tell the truth. The case at hand poses a dilemma
regarding the right to know (Cherry & Jacob 2008).
There are a number of key elements that help to provide a framework that enhances truthful
communication. Firstly, there is the need to develop open and honest communication from the very
beginning of the patient–health professional relationship. Secondly, the health professional needs to
use patient penchant as a "weigh" by asking them what they wish to know, how much they wish to
know, and determining what they already know. In other words, it is a responsibility of the health
professional to get a 'feel' for the situation, including the patients' perception of the situation
(Ashcroft, Dawson & Drape 2007).
However, in the patient–physician relationship, two autonomies are

Medical Ethics Case Study
In the perfect sense the four medical ethics, autonomy, justice, beneficence, and nonmaleficence are
applied correctly 100% of the time for all medical cases. Unfortunately, perfect is sometimes too
good to be true, and these ethics are not always applied. I feel within the Belkin text these principals
are broken more than followed. For instance, Javier kept a lot of information regarding decisions
away from Patrick which would conclude Javier was going against effective autonomy. An
experience where effective autonomy was applied was with Armando. Armando was asked many
times if he wanted to proceed with medical care, if he wants to be DNR, if he wanted to live, he if
wanted this procedure/that procedure. Armando was aware of all possible ... Show more content on
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The medical ethics principle justice supports the element that all treatment should be spread equally
among all patients. The health care provider must consider four main areas when evaluating justice:
fair distribution of scarce resources, competing needs, rights and obligations, and potential conflicts
with established legislation (standford). Armando was expected at Herman in the first place for his
organs. No doctor thought Armand would make it out of the shooting and they saw this as an
opportunity to donate his organs to people who could live a full life. That is against the principal
justice completely. Patrick had been in and out the hospital his whole life, more than any one person
should have to be. He was a popular guys at Herman according to Ms. Belkin. Patrick requested a
specific room when he had to be in the pediatric unit, and he of course received. Lisa Belkin stated
"Fortunately, the room was available. No one wanted to say no to Patrick" (Belkin 329). He also
called his favorite nurse Kay every night before a surgery that he was nervous about, at
approximately midnight. What other nurse would take a call at midnight from a patient she would
see in the morning? Patrick was treated superbly throughout Herman that was no doubt. But was the
treatment he was receiving fair? And was if following the justice principal or was it going against

Medical Ethics Dax Cowart
Medical Ethics A body and a mind under duress reacts much differently than a body and mind in
normal circumstances. On a primal level, I think the mind's main purpose is to protect the body from
harm or to alleviate the pain once it is occurring. For that reason, a person who is in excruciating
pain or has just undergone a traumatic life change is not mentally capable of making a rational
decision about ending their life. Moreover, there is no rational decision one can make about ending
one's life. Dax Cowart was in excruciating pain from the severe burns on his body. In addition to
that he also had the combined effect of trying to mentally prepare for a life as a disfigured human
being. Due to his pain he was not able to fully ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He is married and, as he stated in the text, "I'm enjoying life now and I'm glad to be alive". (Munson
p. 101). That statement, "I'm enjoying life now and I'm glad to be alive", proves that his mindset at
the time of wanting to die was merely a temporary state of mind and not the way he thinks all of the
time. The depression that he felt that lead to his attempted suicides and his pleas for doctors to end
his life were things he had to work through by changing his mental view and by changing the
negative thoughts which lead to negative feelings. I think it is very understandable that Dax would
have those thoughts. I think most people who are undergoing such a stressful, traumatic change in
their life would have the same reaction. Plus the pain that he was feeling would be enough to send
anyone psychologically over the edge. And since Dax was not in his right mind during this time, the
farmer and the doctors and Dax's mother were all justified in refusing to let Dax die. The third and
final reason why I agree that Dax should not have been able to refuse treatment and have other
people assist in his death is because Dax Cowart would have been treating himself and those he
requested this of as merely a means. According to Kant's philosophy, "we must always treat people
(including ourselves) as ends and not as means only". (Munson p. 752). When we ignore another's
free existence and impose our own

Bioethics And Medical Ethics
1. ETHICS
The research work is on ethics and morality. These are often used interchangeably. Moral is from
Latin word moralis which means manners or customs. Looking at it critically ethics does not teach
how to live moral life, it merely help to clarify what is right or wrong which assists in achieving
one's goal. While moral is about purpose, intention, motive and choice which are either right or
wrong in the light of manners and customs. Morality is applied to acts and behavior while ethics is
applied to the person.
2. BIOETHICS
The research work is on bioethics and medical ethics. Bioethics is an area of philosophy that focuses
on ethical issues that comes from biomedical scientific technologies and a subfield of ethics.
Bioethics is not for philosophers alone but it is multidisciplinary in nature which makes the field
very exciting and important. Bioethicists learn from doctors and other scientist working in research
and clinic are of biomedicine. The heterogeneous nature of the contributions to this concept enriches
it as a discipline thereby improving its relevance and value. Bioethics is continually being improved
by clinical, legal and philosophy. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, there are clear distinctions between both. Not only doctors can do medical ethics, but
other health and social care professionals, lawyers, policy makers and philosophers are involved, but
it is mostly particular to doctors and patient alike. Medical ethics focuses on medical treatment of
humans in particular, but bioethics is more on the theoretical ethical issues and concepts that
surrounds all biomedical technologies like, xenotransplantation, stem cell therapy, cloning, and the
use of animal research. Medical ethics covers practical application in clinical settings as well as
work on its history, philosophy, theology, and

The Ethics Of Medical Ethics Essay
Introduction
"Ethics are a set of beliefs about right and wrong". The idea about medical ethics was first brought
up by Hippocrates in the Hippocratic Oath in about the 4th century BC. The Oath states that doctors
should always keep their patients prior to anything else and should avoid causing harm.
(Brightknowledge.org, 2016)
The health, life and death of a human being is in the hands of a medical doctor and other health care
professionals. They have direct contact with the patients, prescribe their medications and even have
the right to determine who is going to live and who will die. They have been given powers to decide
over human life and death, which gives them a huge importance in our lives. Medical ethics deals
with the practice of medicine and health care, thus has an enormous impact on human life, as we are
trusting medical professionals with our lives. (Newworldencyclopedia.org., 2014)
Medical ethics
Since many years, philosophers have been working on medical ethics and have come up with many
different ethical theories. As stated by English, Sommerville and Brannan (2012), some of these
theories are namely; consequentialist ethics, communitarian ethics, deontological ethics, the 'four
principles to approach' to ethics, narrative ethics and virtue ethics. These principles are concisely
explained below.
Consequentialist ethics
Consequentialism focuses on the actions of an individual and states that the right action is the action
with the best overall

The Ethics Of Medical Appointments
Today the Army is an organization that closely manages every penny spent to avoid what it
considers wasteful spending on inefficient practices. Across the board, within the scope of Army
activities exist many practices that are wasteful and take money from other areas of necessity.
Medical treatment by way of medical appointments is one such process that has had to undergo a
shift in practice as medical appointment failures have risen during intense budget constraints. As an
Army major command (MACOM), the medical command has worked to convey that all sites where
medical facilities exist are all echoing the same message across the board to change the mentality
towards missing appointments. With the MEDCOM looking to adjust it own practices across its own
enterprise, the command is also looking to spread the message to supported MACOM with the intent
of spreading an understanding that Corps leaders must update policy and implement control
measures including strategic messaging that stops wasting over $ 4 million in missed appointments
while simultaneously prioritizing mission accomplishment and continuity of care. Residual cost and
missed appointments. Service members view medical appointments as an opportunistic benefit for
their status with the armed forces. More specifically, it was a benefit that for many years has been
taken advantage of only in the fact that if the service member or family member was not able to
make it they simply just did not call and could assume

Overpopulation : A Means For An End. Timothy Schneider. Ph...
Overpopulation: A means to an end. Timothy Schneider PH 410 Medical Ethics and Leadership
Modern healthcare is amazing. We are progressively finding treatments and even cures for diseases
and other ailments that were causing widespread death less than a century ago. One of society's
greatest achievements is the dramatic increase in life expectancy. Most children born in 1900 had a
life expectancy of around 50 year of age. Now life expectancy is estimated at about 80 years of age.
However, the number of people age 85 and older is on the rise accounting for 8 percent of the
world's 7 ¼ billion people (US World, 2015). In many countries this 8 and over population is the
fastest growing with projections to increase 351 percent between 2010 and 2050 with a 188 percent
increase for the population aged 65 or older and a 22 percent increase for those under the age of 65.
Additionally, a growing number of Americans are living to age 100. Nationwide, the centenarian
population has grown 65.8 percent over the past three decades, from 32,194 people who were age
100 or older in 1980 to 53,364 centenarians in 2010, according to Census Bureau data (US Dept of
Health NIA, 2015). With all the advances in medical technology contributing to longevity of life,
where do we put the people that would have normally passed on? What ethical dilemmas do we now
face? What do we do about this problem? This paper will address three hot topics to consider as we
ponder the challenges of continuing to

The Ethics Of Medical Appointments
Today the Army is an organization that closely manages every penny spent to avoid what it
considers wasteful spending on inefficient practices. Across the board, within the scope of Army
activities exist many practices that are wasteful and take money from other areas of necessity.
Medical treatment by way of medical appointments is one such process that has had to undergo a
shift in practice as medical appointment failures have risen during intense budget constraints. As an
Army major command (MACOM), the medical command (MEDCOM) has worked to convey that
all sites where medical facilities exist are all echoing the same message across the board to change
the mentality towards missing appointments. With the MEDCOM looking to adjust its ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Initially, that may not sound like too bad of a deal so long as the provider sees patients the majority
of the time. In a financially crunched state, such as the one that the army currently finds itself in,
skepticism and efficiency surrounds how every penny gets spent. Installations across the country
have begun to look at the effects of missed appointments against the care provided and second and
third order effects of the missed appointments. If the appointment was scheduled, then the
assumption is some type of treatment is required, therefore continuity of care takes a hit.. When the
treatment does not occur, the existing condition potentially lingers and worsens with time. The
inevitable factor of Murphy's Law would indicate that the condition would come to a head during a
major training event. Further, in looking at the cost of each missed visit, estimations say that the
dollars spent for the tech and provider as well as the setup time cost about $70 to $85 per visit in
each facility. Now take into consideration that each Medical Activity (MEDDAC) reports upwards
of 2,000 missed appointments per year. At $85 a visit times the 2,000 equals about $170,000.
Understandably, the amount seems rather insignificant in the scheme of things,

The British House Of Lords Select Committee On Medical Ethics
There are different euthanasia laws in each country. The British House of Lords Select Committee
on Medical Ethics defines euthanasia as "a deliberate intervention undertaken with the express
intention of ending a life, to relieve intractable suffering
On November 2, 2014, a twenty–nine year old woman named Brittany Maynard choose to end her
life by lethal medication. Less than a year prior, she was diagnosed with a terminal glioblastoma
brain cancer, giving her only months left to live. She moved from her home in California to Oregon,
because Oregon has a law permitting physicians to supply patients with the means to take their own
life. Right before her death she released a statement saying: "Today is the day I have chosen to pass
away with dignity in the face of my terminal illness, this terrible brain cancer has taken so much
from me...but would have taken so much more" (Egan). The circumstances of her death has caused a
lot of controversy. Many believe that Maynard's choice has demeaned human the value of human
life; others have supported her decisions to end her life on her own terms. The reality of Maynard's
situation is that, in the end stages of her disease, she would be afflicted with violent seizures and
hallucinations (Glioblastoma). She would have eventually lose the ability to control basic bodily
functions. Was she wrong to choose to end her life before her disease brought unbearable suffering?
Is there such a thing as have a "right to die"? If so, how do

The Hippocratic Oath Of Medical Ethics Essay
A huge problem in our society is the fact that too many people seek rash change. Individuals in our
society look to stray from founding principles and ideas without much thought or research. For
example, the Hippocratic oath is an oath embodying a code of medical ethics usually taken by those
about to begin medical practice" (Merriam–Webster). Hippocrates lived around 400 BC and is
universally considered the father of medicine. Those going into medical practice have repeated the
principles he laid out in his oath for centuries. These principles set the expectation and standards for
anyone in the medical field. Additionally, the oath clearly asserts, "I will neither give a deadly drug
to anybody who asked for it, nor will I make a suggestion to this effect. Similarly I will not give to a
woman an abortive remedy. In purity and holiness I will guard my life and my art" (Medicinenet).
Hippocrates showed great credibility in his lifetime for his work in medicine. Consequently, he is
undoubtedly considered one of the biggest, most acclaimed, and most renowned authorities in
medicine and has been since ancient times in Greece. While, he was extremely knowledgeable about
medicine and medical practices, he showed a profound insight in ethics. Because of this, doctors all
around the world have looked to his oath as the guiding principles every doctor should strive to hold
him or herself to. Moreover, some of the best doctors have held themselves to these standards. We
have seen

Case Study: Medical Ethics
Case Study: Medical Ethics The case scenario in question verily presents a mind boggling situation.
We are introduced to an intelligent woman of a credible forty years of age, suffering from a painful
neurological affliction. As explained, her condition, the Gullian–Barnes syndrome, undermines the
quality of her life greatly, by tremendously restricting her ability to move or to even so much as
breathe on her own. Ms Katherine depends upon life support and her paralysis has rendered her
bodily functions negligible. Furthermore, the chances of her recovering from the said condition have
been told to become rather bleak. The case study then transcends into the core of the predicament at
hand, as Ms Katherine is content with the idea of informed consent to perform Euthanasia. On the
surface this case study is a singular decision taken by an educated woman to steer her life in
whichever direction she sees fit. However, this request of hers raises moral and ethical arguments
that have been thriving for as long as the medical profession itself. In order to understand the gravity
of her situation and what she has sought, we must first breakdown her request into key points in
order for us to understand its magnitude. According to Vaibhav Goel, in his article "Euthanasia A
Dignified End of Life" Euthanasia is defined as, "the intentional killing by act or omission of a
human being for his or her alleged benefit." (Goel, 2008) Viewing the case study in accordance with
this

The Medical Ethics Team The Judges Of A Human 's Life
Title: *Why is the medical ethics team the judges of a human's life?
*Are humans too dependent on the code of medical ethics?
Approach: An examination/analysis of the jurisdiction and justification of deciding what a human's
life is worth to the medical ethics board. / Hippocratic oath / what comprises the medical ethics
board
Research question: What makes the decision of the medical ethics team better than the life of the
patient?
Introduction: The system of medical ethics has been a helpful component used in the medical field
for centuries. When they were first introduced, medical ethics were seen as guidelines for physicians
to follow while on duty with patients under oath. As time evolved, they became a system of moral
principles that guided physicians and patients through times of wonder and hardship. In today's
society where the medical field has transformed greatly, thanks to our modern technology, the
concept of medical ethics have not changed. Although our knowledge of medicine and technology
has expanded, diseases and disorders still plague the human race today. With these new
technologies, we are able to cure these new found germs, but these miraculous cures come with a
price. Based on the patient's health issue, decisions must be made and treatment must be given.
Factors such as price for equipment and care, space, and time are considered when treating a patient.
These factors decide whether treating the patient will be beneficial in the long run or a waste of

Ethics And Ethical Issues In Medical Volunteering
Medical volunteerism is an activity where someone or a group of people does a task in the medical
field voluntarily without pay, particularly in an underdeveloped country that is lacking medical
professionals. This topic relates to a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, & Mathmatics) class
this semester because we had a discussion over the ethics of medical volunteerism. Ethical questions
do arise from this topic. There are countless discussion questions of who benefits from medical
volunteering, what procedures volunteers are allowed to do, and so on and so forth. One interesting
aspect is the idea of consent. Although medical volunteerism may be beneficial, there are ethical
issues regarding consent that are overlooked when volunteers ... Show more content on
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It can be given when patient has the capacity to do so without any pressure and they understand that
they can refuse if they so please (BMA 66). There are three types of consent: informed, genuine, and
implied consent. Informed consent is with paper contracts and informal agreements. Genuine
consent is a verbal consent by the patient and it is witnessed and documented. Lastly, implied
consent is not written nor verbal, but it is an assumption that patients who come to the volunteering
medical mission clinic are wanting care as given (Holt 216). Medical volunteers should be
understanding and respectful to people and their right to determine for their health and well being
(Sommers 197). Consent is important to any medical practice, although it has many factors that
influences it it is required before examination or treatment begin (BMA 65). Sometimes patient my
change their mind, so it is important to have respectful, empowering, and collaborative ongoing
partnership with the patient and medical volunteer (Sommers

The Ama Code Of Medical Ethics
Informed consent is defined as "permission granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences"
and is the backbone to honorable physician patient interactions. Unfortunately, throughout history
there have been many cases where physicians have used a patient's lower socioeconomic status to
manipulate the obtaining of informed consent. The AMA Code of Medical Ethics predates back to
1847, yet cases continue to arise directly breaking their key principles. These principles include
autonomy, justice, beneficence, non–maleficence; and if followed ensure patients receive a high
quality of care. Informed consent prior to any participation in experiments or procedures is essential
for physicians to act within these guidelines. Autonomy allows patients to have free will and make
decisions without coercion. Justice keeps all individuals in mind so resources are distributed fairly
and all individuals are treated the same. Beneficence and Non–maleficence focus on the intent of the
procedure to do only good and no harm. Even with these principles established there are
discrepancies in on how they unfold in a clinical setting. The American Medical Association states
physicians should assess their patient's understanding of their medical condition, the recommended
treatments, and document the physician–patient interaction. The Tuskegee, Abdullah vs Pfizer, and
The Skid Row Cancer Studies are a few cases where these principles were ignored so physician and
big pharmaceutical

Medical Ethics As A Moral Compass
Medical Ethics as a Moral Compass
I work for a government run medical center. As an organization we are run by government
oversight, rules and regulations and high–powered patient complaints. If a provider is not ethically
oriented they will be found out and dismissed quickly. The flip side of the coin, most people work at
this medical center because they enjoy their work and the patient population. We work well with one
another and come together overall for the common good. There are no incentives which can lead to
ethical misconduct. Additionally, physicians have their own code of ethics. The Hippocratic Oath, is
a set of principles for physicians' conduct, which aim to protect the rights of the patient and oblige
the physician voluntarily to behave in an altruistic manner towards patients (Riddick, 2003). The
four basic principles of medical ethics (autonomy, justice, beneficence and non–maleficence) form
the foundation for health professionals to guide and decide what practices are ethical. These basic
ethical principles are based on the major documents of healthcare ethics (Hippocratic Oath,
Nuremberg code and Helsinki declaration). Future doctors and nurses are expected to learn and
abide by these ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We are only human after all, and we are likely to make mistakes when it comes to the gray areas of
ethics. One way to assure we do the best we can is keep the lines of communication open and the
feeling of a safe zone ever present. If employees feel like they are in a safe environment and can
question a practice, or even a superior, than we are less likely to have unethical issues get out of
control. Finally, ensuring clarity in the organizational ethical culture promotes higher work
engagement, less emotional strain and exhaustion, and lower turnover rate. These all lead to a
decrease in unethical activity and a healthier work environment (Huhtala et al.,

History Of American Medical Ethics
While the history of American medical ethics dates back four centuries (Baker, 2013), it is critical to
differentiate between what was strictly medical ethics; the ethics between physician and patient,
physician and physician, and physician and community versus bioethics: all of the aforementioned
with the addition of scientific research involving human subjects "...in reaction to researchers'
exploitation of vulnerable populations, most notably the 399 African–American males deceived into
serving as research subjects by the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) in its Tuskegee, a Syphilis
Study". (1932–1972) (Baker). Prior to the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, physicians, along with other
medical professionals (midwives, nurses), traditionally rendered services based on a sizeable range
of oaths and codes that aimed for just care and treatment of patients. The Belmont Report articulated
not only what was morally outrageous about the Tuskegee Study, identifying that "Earlier American
ideals of just treatment differ from those expounded in the Belmont Report" (Baker), but became the
origination for bioethics. Baker expounds that social unrest and morally disruptive technologies
furthered the exponential growth of as well as the recognition of the importance of the field of
bioethics. Since then, the medical and research communities have understood the necessity of
teaching and incorporating bioethics into the education of future practitioners of medicine and
science but have not

Essay on What is Medical Ethics?
You might ask yourself what is Medical Ethics.Well Medical Ethics could many thing but mostly
bad.It could rejection to health care at a hospitl by doctor that dosent want help you. Maybe it might
be because of you rase, skin color, just because he doesn't feel like it.If you make the doctor mad he
might deny and medical attention just because you made him mad. When becoming a doctor you
take an oath, that oath states you treat all patients equally what gains the doctor the right to treat
patients differently.
Medical ethics could be so many different thing mostly bad.There's so many stories about medical
ethics this this story about this girl. At the age of 13 she was diagnosed with a rare and fated type of
cancer.The survived and was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So they are allowed to do whatever they have to do to save their life or help them with their injury.If
they a child or teen is hurt and not with a parent the doctors can help them with minor thing but they
have to do the fewer they can do before they get permission of their parents."Even when the parent
gives consent for a procedure, ED physicians should try to obtain assent from the patient. Again, the
legal authority sometimes is at odds with the ethical authority."(Ruben J. Rucoba).
Many doctors don't want want help a patient because he committed a crime or was in jail or even
hurt someone.A doctor took an oath to help a patient no matter what.There has been so much debate
on if they should or shouldn't prisoners be help with medical care."Prison and jail health care,
despite occasional pockets of inspiration, provided by programs affiliated with academic
institutions, is an arena of endless ethical conflict in which health care providers must negotiate
relentlessly with prison officials to provide necessary and decent care."(Duler)
Their still is conflict with Medical Ethics.Like "how should someone make medical decisions for
someone who has never been competent?" (Guidry–Grimes). "Well The doctor has a duty to obtain
prior informed consent from the patient before carrying out diagnostic tests and therapeutic
management."(M.S.,Pandit.). Doctors at a hospital are trusted as a doctor

Personal Ethics Vs Medical Ethics Essay
The two key differences between medical/ personal ethics and that of public ethics is who they are
responsible to and why. Starting with medical ethics, providing needed healthcare services to the
individual patient in an ethical and legal manner, operating under a developed and implemented
code of ethic guaranteed by a compliance program to help ensure it carries out its operations in a
legal and professional manner (Torrens, 2008). Personal ethics are based and conceived from the
moral values obtained and influenced by a person's beliefs and expectations, this can vary from
person to person (ERC; Ethics Work Center, 2010). These personal ethics can be listed as values,
such as integrity, excellence and attitude, and attaching related behaviors to them. They may be
influenced by a personal code derived from the culture they were raised in; i.e. small community,
church, ethnicity, family. These can have a behavioral ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An individual's liberty.
3. Freedom of choice; The individual rights, freedom of a patient to choose to receive or refuse
treatment.
4. Self– control of an individual.
The key component being the individual; dealing with the patients right to scarce health resources,
regarding treatment with fairness, equal access and benefits from that treatment, regardless of race,
gender, sexual orientation, religion, age or ability to pay.
Public health ethics share some of the same values but differ in regards to whom they serve. Their
intent is to provide equal distribution of resources, with special regard to the vulnerable groups
with–in society (Torrens, 2008). This is subordinate to the greater needs of the population as a
whole. This may be at the expense of the individual or portions of society to insure the health of the
entire population regardless of religion, gender, sexual orientation, race, or the ability to pay. Ethics
are supported into compliance by: (Meagher, 2011).
1. Legislative control.
2. Regulatory control.
3. Judicial

Military Medical Ethics
Military Medical Ethics: Is There a Conflict? John C. Nicholson National University Military
Medical Ethics: Is There a Conflict? CASE REPORT: A U.S. Navy Nurse Corps officer with 18
years of active duty service faces a command inquiry for the refusal to carry out a lawful military
order. The nurse is assigned to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba where he attends to the medical needs of the
detainees imprisoned there as part of the U.S. war on terrorism. Many of the prisoners, some of
whom have been held at Gitmo since the events of September 11, 2001, have chosen to engage in
hunger strikes in order to protest their internment and the prison conditions. The Navy leadership at
Gitmo decided that the prisoners were to eat and ordered forced ... Show more content on
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Participation by physicians in the execution of prisoners except to certify death is unethical. Under
no circumstances is it ethical for a physician to be used as an instrument of government to weaken
the physical or mental resistance of a human being, nor should a physician participate in or tolerate
cruel or unusual punishment or disciplinary activities beyond those permitted by the United Nations
Standard Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners

The Pros And Cons Of Medical Ethics
Epistemological assumptions of health professionals vary according to writing situation (formal vs
informal). For example, "Medical Ethics" written by Dr. Roger Henderson provides a precise model
of conduct for the health provider to follow throughly. This formal work compiles a vast amount of
strict theory based knowledge in disciplines such as psychology, sociology, and medicine. On the
other hand, crossover texts such as "Doctors of the Death Chamber" written by Atul Gawande detail
the failure to uphold this medical standard that has been set and passed throughout generations of
medical practitioners. This type of informal work is made up of mostly personal observation and
experience from a medical professional on the job. Thus, by having these comparisons, it is almost
inevitable to compare anecdotal views of medical practice to modern day procedures. This arises
questions on whether this system has succeeded on covering its ethical goals, or whether it has
contradicted them from time to time. In addition to this, if it has contradicted its ethical guidelines,
on what occasions may this have occurred in today's modern practices. While many correct paths
can be taken on what can be done about this issue, it also inevitably delves into the decisions that
can be made by a medical practitioner in order to avoid breaking ethical principles. "Medical Ethics"
provides the principles that are required for medical practice. These include respect for autonomy,
non–maleficence,

Medical Ethics And Medicine Ethics
Medical profession has always been an occupation of helping and healing people and medical ethics
have become an inseparable part of it for decades. The first advanced concepts of medical ethics,
which have reached our modern world from the depths of centuries, were recorded in an ancient
Indian book "Ayurveda" (which translates as "Knowledge of life, "Science of life"). The book has
summarized the concepts of medical ethics, along with the instructions for a doctor to be
compassionate, friendly, kind, enduring, calm and to care about people. "Even with the price of
his/her own life the doctor must protect and improve patient's health" stated in the book. Further
improvements were made to medical ethics later in ancient Greece and concepts were summarized
in "Hippocratic oath".
Unfortunately, not all the doctors follow the concepts of medical ethics. Nowadays there are
hundreds and hundreds of medical ethics cases around the world and we will try to analyze a
particular one in a particular country.
"In the early 1990s there have been several reports of Uzbek government forcing medical
professionals to perform sterilization on women without acknowledging them" states the Harvard
International Review Journal. For the past couple of years experts on human rights have been trying
to "turn" everyone's attention to forced women sterilization in Uzbekistan. Despite many reports,
warnings and questions raised be human rights organizations like UNCAT (united nations
committee

Medical Ethics Essay
The Affordable Healthcare Act (AHA) in the US, which is similar to other countries' Universal
Healthcare Systems (UHS), has been in the news again recently. From the beginning the AHA has
been passionately contested and debated from its introduction on the Senate floor to the challenge in
the Supreme Court that it was unconstitutional. The reforms that the AHA started in 2010, such as
Health Insurance Companies can not deny someone with a preexisting condition, or the recent
troubles of the Health Insurance Marketplace website, AHA is something of a hot button issues that
has US citizens deeply divided on. At the heart of this divisive issue is Universal Healthcare
something that should be provided by government for its citizens or is it ... Show more content on
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Plato's Republic, written as a dialog, Plato's main speaker and his former teacher, is Socrates
throughout the work. In Republic we learn of Plato's Concepts of Justice, Virtue, and what is good.
Plato is considered one of the preeminent philosophers of his time and foremost contributors to the
studies of philosophy, political science, and psychology. His influences and works are the basis on
which many philosophers from ancient Greece to modern day use to construct their theories.
In the Republic, dialog between Socrates, Thrasymachus, and Glaucon convey to us what Plato
classifies as good and classes of good, and what is just and unjust. If we can describe what is "just"
and "good" we can better determine what is the best course of action. Plato describes, Justice as a
virtue, "Justice is, at once a part of human virtue and the bond, which joins man together in society.
It is the identical quality that makes good and social. Justice is an order and duty of the parts of the
soul, it is to the soul as health is to the body. Plato says that justice is not mere strength, but it is a
harmonious strength. Justice is not the right of the stronger but the effective harmony of the whole.
All moral conceptions revolve about the good of the whole–individual as well as social."
(Bhandari). So it can be said that what is "just" and "good", in the Platonic sense, is good for the
individual as well as society. Plato then frames governance or the

AMA Code Of Medical Ethics

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AMA Code Of Medical Ethics