gyroscope effect in ship due to steering

1. Sanjivani Rural Education Society’s
Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon-423603
( An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune)
NAAC ‘A’ Grade Accredited, ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Subject :- Theory of Machines II
T.E. Mechanical (302043)
Unit 5 GYROSCOPE
5.4.1 Gyroscopic Effect in Ship
By
Prof. K. N. Wakchaure(Asst Professor)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Sanjivani College of Engineering
(An Autonomous Institute)
Kopargaon, Maharashtra
Email: wakchaurekiranmech@Sanjivani.org.in Mobile:- +91-7588025393

2. INTRODUCTION
Bow
Stern
Port
Starboard
Bow
Right
Left
• Bow is the fore-end of the ship.
• Stern is the rear-end of the ship.
• Starboard is the right hand side of the ship while looking
in the direction of motion.
• Port is the left hand side of the ship while looking in the
direction of motion.
• Steering is the turning of the ship in a curve while
moving forward.
• Pitching is the moving of the ship up and down the
horizontal position in a vertical plane about
• transverse axis.
• Rolling is the sideway motion of the ship about
longitudinal axis.
Stern
Bow
Stern
Port
Starboard
Bow
Right
Left

3. INTRODUCTION
Bow
Stern
Port
Starboard
Bow
Right
Left
Stern
Bow
Stern
Port
Starboard
Bow
Right
Left
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Axis of Rolling
AxisofSteering

4. Plane of Precession
Plane of
Spinning
Plane of Gyroscopic
couple
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Plane of Precession
Plane of
Spinning
Plane of
Gyroscopic couple
INTRODUCTION

5. INTRODUCTION
Bow
Starboard
Stern
Port
Bow
Stern
Left
Right

6. INTRODUCTION
Stern Bow
Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right

7. Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right
Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right

8. Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right
Anticlockwise
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.
Dip The Bow Raise the Stern
Gyroscopic EffectCondition
Observer: Bow End
Rotor: CW
Turn: Port/Left

9. Anticlockwise
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.
Left
Raise The Bow Dip the Stern
Axis of Gyroscopic couple
Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right
Condition
Observer: Tail End
Rotor: CW
Turn: Port/Left

10. Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right
Anticlockwise
Axis of Spinning
Rotor Rotates in Anti clockwise direction.
Left
Raise The Bow Dip the Stern
Axis of Gyroscopic couple
AxisofPrecession
Condition
Observer: Bow End
Rotor: CCW
Turn: Port/Left

11. Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right Anticlockwise
Axis of Spinning
Rotor Rotates in Anti clockwise direction.
Left
Dip The Bow Raise the Stern
Axis of Gyroscopic couple
AxisofPrecession
Condition
Observer: Stern End
Rotor: CCW
Turn: Port/Left

12. Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right
Dip The bow Raise the Stern
Anticlockwise
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.
Right
Axis of Gyroscopic coupleCondition
Observer: Bow End
Rotor: CCW
Turn: Starboard/Right

13. Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right
Dip The Nose Raise the Tail
Anticlockwise
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.
Right
Axis of Gyroscopic coupleCondition
Observer: Stern End
Rotor: CW
Turn: Starboard/Right

14. Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right
Raise The Bow Dip the Tail
Anticlockwise
Axis of Spinning
Rotor Rotates in Aniclockwise direction.
Right
Axis of Gyroscopic couple
AxisofPrecession
Condition
Observer: Stern End
Rotor: CCW
Turn: Starboard/Right

15. Bow
Starboard
Port
Stern
Left
Right
Raise The Bow Dip the Stern
Anticlockwise
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.
Right
Axis of Gyroscopic coupleCondition
Observer: Bow End
Rotor: CW
Turn: Starboard/Right

16. Thank You….
16Subject :- Theory of Machines II

17. INTRODUCTION
• A gyroscope is a device used for measuring or
maintaining orientation and angular velocity. It is a spinning wheel or disc in
which the axis of rotation (spin axis) is free to assume any orientation by itself.
• When rotating, the orientation of this axis is unaffected by tilting or rotation of
the mounting, according to the conservation of angular momentum.
• Gyroscopes can be used to construct gyrocompasses, which complement or
replace magnetic compasses (in ships, aircraft and spacecraft, vehicles in
general), to assist in stability (bicycles, motorcycles, and ships) or be used as
part of an inertial guidance system.
• Gyroscopes based on other operating principles also exist, such as the
microchip-packaged MEMS gyroscopes found in electronic devices,
solid-state ring lasers, fibre optic gyroscopes, and the extremely
sensitive quantum gyroscope.
• Applications of gyroscopes include inertial navigation systems, such as
in the Hubble Telescope, or inside the steel hull of a submerged
submarine. Due to their precision, gyroscopes are also used
in gyrotheodolites to maintain direction in tunnel mining.
• MEMS gyroscopes are popular in some consumer electronics, such as
smartphones.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyroscope#:~:text=A%20gyroscope%20(from%20Ancient%20Greek,assume%20any%20orientation%20by%20itself.

18. INTRODUCTION
• Gyroscope: It is a body which while spinning about an axis is free to move in other direction under the action of external
forces.
• Axis of spin: It is axis about which the body revolves.
• Gyroscopic effect: Consider a body spinning about an axis OX . If a couple represented by a vector OZ perpendicular to
OX is applied, then the body tries to precess about an axis OY, which is perpendicular to both OX and OZ. This combined
effect is called gyroscopic or precessional effect.
• The plane of spin, plane of precession, and plane of gyroscopic couple are mutually perpendicular.
• Precession: It means the rotation about the third axis OY, which is perpendicular to both the spin axis OX and the couple
axis OZ.
• Axis of precession: The third axis OY about which a body revolves and is perpendicular to both the spin axis OX and
couple axis OZ, is called the axis of precession.
• Mechanical gyroscope: It is a special mechanism generally employed for the control of angular motion of a body.
Gyroscope is an instrument, which appears as a device possessing intelligence. Gyroscopic effects can be used in several
applications for directional control, e.g. in Gyrocompass used on aeroplanes and ships and in inertia guidance control
system for missiles and space craft control.

19. Anticlockwise
Nose EndTail End
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.
Axis of Gyroscopic couple
Left

20. Nose EndTail End
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.
Axis of Precession
Clockwise
Right

21. Nose EndTail End
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in Anticlockwise direction.
Axis of Precession
Clockwise
Right

22. Nose EndTail End
Axis of Spinning
AxisofPrecession
Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.