Gender &Amp; Play

Gender & Play
Childhood is simply the time between infancy and adulthood, the time when we are developing,
learning and are dependent on someone to guide us and help us through life. Richard Mills' (2000,
p.8) research shows many views, such as is "childhood a state of powerlessness and adaptation to a
lack of power (as Waksler maintains, 1991:69)?" "...Or dependency (Shipman, 1972: 13)? Can it not
simply be regarded as a period of biological, intellectual, and social development; as a time for the
'accumulation of experience' (Wadsworth, 1991:13)? Leading to self–definition (19991: 12)?" Or
does it have a whole different meaning all together?
What does childhood mean to you? Does it have the same meaning to everyone? Does the meaning
change as we get ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This idea is developed from early childhood; from history to date, children role play in this exact
manner, girls like to imagine they are at home looking after the baby, spending all day in the kitchen
whilst the men are out 'fixing' something, doing labour work. Media appears to support this idea, by
encouraging gender type of toys, e.g. work benches for boys and kitchens for girls, this is also the
typical kind of play you would witness in a day nursery. An example of this can be seen in Booklet
B, Image one (Jones, R, P. 2007), this shows the young boy taking a dominant role, and a young girl
just standing there with her hands clasped together just watching him.
It appears children are always dictated to in one way or another, be this by parents, teachers, media,
or other adults. They are not allowed to pick their own path in terms of gender, and appear to have
no rights as a child in relation to this. "In the past, most philosophers have asserted that children had
either no or limited rights." (Hill, M. & Tisdall, K. 1997, p.25) One of the reason for this, is children
lack knowledge as they are still developing, limiting their opinions, therefore making it difficult for
them to make informed decisions. Ideally an adult's presence is needed to educate a child about life
and its ways, according to Locke "only adults are
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Influence Of Poverty In Early Childhood Education
Over the years, poverty has become an epidemic in America. It is measured between the economic
holdings of the people, as well as their standard of life. Those under the threshold, have extremely
low to no standing in these two areas. Poverty is an aspect that is far and deep reaching. Once
effected, it is extremely difficult to break the cycle. These ripple effects are felt in multiple areas.
However, it is felt strongest in the academic sphere. Early childhood education, commonly known
as elementary education, is one of the most important. It is placed at a time of immense mental
growth. While not seen as a serious time for education, the ages between five and eleven are the
times where the brain is absorbing the most. To many children, even more of those on the low
income spectrum, this is the first time for actual language acquisition and development. Academic
failure is known as not reaching and progressing the same as equal age peers. There are many
reasons that this can happen, most sprouting from their poverty status. Poverty is known to be a
continuous cycle. Those who come from families who are improvised have a harder time moving
above that threshold. Academic failure holds these children back and keep them in the position they
were born into. The cycle of poverty also creates stereotypes within communities. Many African
Americans and Latinos are found in the cycle.
The assumptions that this is all they will amount to creates self–doubt and loss of motivation.

Cultural Influence Of Child-Rearing Practices In Early...
Human Developement 1 Culture and society have profound influences on a child's growth and
development and are important considerations for early childhood teachers if they wish to better
understand children and provide higher quality early childhood education and services to children
and their families, (Te Whaariki, Ministry of Education, 1996). One particular example of the effect
that culture and society can have on the growth and development of a child is child–rearing
practices. Different cultural groups and societies have diverse styles of child–rearing practices
which are uniquely influenced by a range of values, beliefs and dominate assumptions (Berk, 2003).
A significant factor in view of child–rearing practices is the role ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Thus there is a clear link between child rearing practices, child interactions and children developing
a wide range of cognitive skills. Child rearing practices which include a lot of child involvement
encourage a child's exploration, extend cognitive development and help to extend new skills (Zhou,
Huang, Wang, Wang, Zhao, Yang and Yang, 2006). Many features of child rearing practices are not
only dependent on the education of the caregivers, but also how the caregivers themselves have
been raised. If caregivers were raised with an awareness of the value of nutritious meals they will be
more likely to provided good nutrition to their children and help children reach optimal levels of
physical growth (Berk, 2003) If caregivers value physical activity themselves, or participated in it
regularly as a child, they will be more likely to provide an environment where a child can engage
physically, such as a bike to ride, or sports equipment. This is all dependent 4 however, on such
factors as the health of the parents and/or the level of household income which may be different
from that experienced by the caregiver as a child. Even the most physically active caregivers may
not be able to support the child to engage in sporting activities which require specific gear, fees, or
costly trips to the local pools. If however child rearing practices encourage children even to engage
in simple outside play, such as running, or climbing a tree a

George Strait: Childhood Influences
George Strait Introduction "I want to reach the point where people hear my name and immediately
think of real country music ("George Strait Quotes," 2018)." George Strait made this happen too,
with hard work and persistence. Being turned down by multiple record companies was very hard on
Strait. He kept working though, and it paid off. George won many awards, was inducted in the Hall
of Fame, and kept old country alive when the "urban country" era started, making him one of the
most influential artists of the twentieth century. Childhood Influences George Strait had many things
that happened in his youth that influenced his future career. George was raised by his father on a
2,000–acre farm with his older brother Buddy. At a young age, his ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
13 year old Jenifer Strait died in a car crash on June 25, 1986. This was one of the most tragic days
of George's life (Bego, 1997). Strait closed himself off about the topic for a long time. He was not
able to talk about the tragedy for several years. George had to withdraw himself from the public to
avoid any conversations about his daughter (Bego, 1997). Strait has never been the one to seek the
spotlight on his private life, and the death of his daughter was no exception. All of the reporters gave
him privacy out of courtesy (Bego, 1997). Strait loved his daughter and did not want her memory to
be ruined by the reporters. That same year, he won the CMA Male Vocalist of the Year award. The
award was taken in Jenifer's honor (George Strait, 2012). Sadly, this was not the only terrible event
that would happen to Strait. George's best friend and older brother died in a hotel in April of 2009.
Buddy and George were very close and had done everything together (Teutsch, 2010). Strait would
remember Jenifer and Buddy for the rest of his life, but he would move on as he remembers and
mourns them. Currently Doing George Strait had a long, successful career. But in 2013, Strait went
on tour for the last time. He had been touring for 30 years (West, 2013). George enjoyed making
music for all those years, but sometimes it gets tiring. After "The Cowboy Rides Away" tour, George
Strait planned to spend time with his wife,

Environmental Influences On Childhood Obesity
Why is it Sociological & Social? Obesity has become a large and dark reality in United States. For
someone who does not have sociological imagination being overweight is the result of bad personal
choices or genetic predisposition. (Crosnoe) Cultural beliefs and practices related to food and
feeding vary among ethnic groups, and these differences may contribute to different patterns of
obesity in children and youth, related to their ethnicity. As described in the epidemiological
overview show higher than average obesity prevalence in non–Hispanic, black and Mexican
American children compared to non–Hispanic white children at most ages. In boys excess obesity
ages 2 through 11 compared to girls ages 6 through 19. (Kumanyika 61–70) Environmental
influences on childhood obesity is a socio–cultural environment. Highlighted data section the
aspects of socio–cultural environments of U.S. ethnic groups favor obesity development.
Overweight may be viewed as a problem only when it is clearly linked to health problems. These
types of attitudes about large body size may apply to any population where excess fat is only seen.
The observation that childhood obesity is more prevalent in ethnic minority populations is likely to
reflect differences in combination of factors. (Kumanyika 61–70) ....Overweight and obesity are
advancing rapidly in the developing world as well... [While] 80 percent of world's hungry children
live in countries with food surpluses. (World Watch Institute) What

My Leader's Leadership Style Analysis
My Leader's Leadership and His Styles
Leadership according to Andy is far beyond simply being a person who is responsible for an
organisation. Employees working in the Organisation should be able to follow in the right direction.
The style of leadership he uses is reliant on the current situation. He describes himself as a team
leader and uses a participative type of leadership (McCrea, 2002, p.11). He relates with all of the
employees while in the meantime placing emphasis on the tasks. He leads through examples.
By leading through example, the employees know precisely which direction he is going. He
attempts to create an environment where every employee has the capacity to hit their highest
potential. Andy persuades and encourages diligent work from the team to guarantee the goals of the
Organisation are met and are effective. He utilises a delegate type of leadership at whenever he feels
it is proper in the certain setting. In the assigned type of leadership, the leader proposes to support
and coaching the team. The team gaining confidence in making decisions for the organisation. The
leader examines abilities and skills ensuring proper decision–making and knowing duties. The
leader does not hand over responsibilities and in case of wrong doings and cannot blame the team.
The other style of leadership is authoritarian. In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The team being aware of expectations and capabilities of other team members. When obligations
and roles have been established and are clear, the team will have a better understanding of the other
team members' style and trust will be built. The team discuss the set goals. Goal clarification
according to the leader is an imperative step in ensuring the whole team is on board with the
arrangements decided. This time is utilised to address any misconceptions between the set goals and
an individual who does not agree with the goals. The leader sat throughout the meetings with the
team to clarify the set

How Does Jean Jacques Rousseau Influence On Childhood
Jean–Jacques Rousseau was a philosopher in the 18th century who studied the way children interact
with each other in a playful setting. His theories concerning childhood development have impacted
many progressive educational theories still in use today. However, his work is not supported by the
popular childhood theories of the present age; for example, Rousseau speaks out against imaginative
play in his work Emile, which is currently considered to be a historical milestone in early and
middle childhood research. Rousseau believed that imaginative play would set children on the road
to unhappiness and dissatisfaction throughout life. Though Rousseau's ideas may be factually
inaccurate, his views that are presented in Emile still impacts childhood ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Many childhood theorists have delineated the importance of childhood imaginative play as it
encourages children to differentiate between the "world in their heads" and the "world outside"
(Shuffelton, 2012, p. 314). Child theorist Amy Shuffelton (2012) commented on the importance of
imaginative play by stating: Also, children use imaginative play as a means to gain the emotional
competence to handle the various hurdles life places in their paths. In happier situations, children
play out interpersonal conflicts and thereby become able to resolve the real ones; in horrific
situations, children have used imaginative play as a means to cope with the terrors around them. (p.
314) Imaginative play encourages children to think outside of the box and broadens their
understanding of the world around them. Current research suggests that children who consistently
use their imaginations and can differentiate between real and make–believe actually end up with
higher achievements later in life (Shuffelton, 2012). Imaginative play can have a long lasting effect
on the way a child develops and should be taken into account by both parents and educators.
Rousseau's theory in today's

Biological Influences Of Mass Shootings
According to Political Fact, "there have been 273 mass shooting in 2017– one for each day of the
year (Pelosi)." In the past the government has used a strict definition to define a mass murder which
states that at least four victims must be killed. Many factors play different roles in committing a
terror attack or mass shooting such as biological, psychological, and social influences. The
biological influences consist of natural selection, genetic predisposition and responding to the
environment, brain mechanisms, and hormonal influences. Biologically, some people are born angry
and more depressed than others. People who are depressed usually don't like to see many people
happy and having good times with other people. This could be why many mass shootings occur
when people are having a good time like at the festival where Stephen Paddlock killed 59 people
and injured more than 500. Tia Ghose from LiveScience says "killers often exhibit risk factors that
are generally tied to criminality: a history of abuse or ineffective parenting, a tendency to set fires or
hurt animals, a sadistic streak, and self–centeredness and a lack of compassion (Ghose)." Many
people respond to the environment in many ways, whether its calmly or violently. In this case it was
violently. Psychological influences of a mass shooter are much deeper than just someone's physical
appearance. Emotions can cause people to do vile things or at least what a person may think is right
in that moment.

What Is The Influence Of John Dewey On Early Childhood...
Historical Perspectives Project, Early Childhood Education, Julianna Harris, Sep. 27 2015 Why is
history so important? History may sometimes seem like a collection of useless names and dates that
don't apply to the here and now, but that is untrue. History is needed because history gives us
important knowledge about where we came from, which shapes us into who we are now. One such
person had a grand role in shaping the history of the future. How? By educating children. Although
there are many important characters who influenced the history of early childhood education, John
Dewey was a significant figure in this field. Although John Dewey was an influential figure in the
early childhood education field, where he came from is an important beginning factor in
determining who he became. Unfortunately, Dewey's early schooling situation was not ideal. He
went to schools that practiced repetition and were not well organized. Later one school he went to
was even deemed "a hazard" (Peterson 38). Since this is the case, it most likely effected his decision
later in life to advocate for better schooling. Having all that repetition in school is probably ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His effect in this field should be held with weight and not tossed aside. If one truly studies the deep
philosophy and researched ideas of this advocate for children's education, then this can be clearly
applied to today's ideas about how and what children's education should be. We need to let the small
minds of the present to be shaped into the growing minds of the future. Dewey's philosophies have
been proven and sharpened so that now, even today, every teacher can shape the moldable minds of
individual children toward the important niceties of the future. Each child can grow up to be a
powerful tool that could change the future as we know it, either for the worst, or for the very

Factors That Influence The Social Development From Early...
Friendships are a basic and vital need people have throughout their lifetime. It is an essential bond
that can influence their social development from early childhood until adulthood. Furthermore,
friendships promote trust, increase feelings of belonging, and increase a person 's self–worth
(Bauminger et al., 2008). Daniel and Billingsley (2010) stated that friendships are maintained
through mutual interests, socialization, and cooperation and shared experiences. However, one key
feature of autism spectrum disorders demonstrates a significant impairment in social interaction and
communication (Volkmar & Wiesner, 2009). One could make assumptions that due to the lack of
social engagement and communication with others that a person ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Kanner (1943) made observations of these children and described them to be unaware of others,
preferred isolation, and avoided social situations. According to Hobson (2005) the affective view of
autism believed that children with ASD lacked the basic ability to experience intimacy and affective
closeness with others. This view implies that being unable to experience this basic ability hampers a
person 's understanding of reciprocal relationships, therefore making a relationship between a
person with ASD and typical peers superficial (Bauminger et al., 2008). However, one cannot
presume that just because these individuals have difficulty with interpersonal skills, they do not in
fact want friends.
While Kanner had made significant contributions to the initial study of autism, it was not the final
word on the matter. There have been significant studies since that have investigated people with
ASD making and sustaining friendships. Bauminger and Kasari 's (2000) study investigated whether
children with ASD felt and understood loneliness and friendship. They hypothesized that if children
with ASD do indeed feel loneliness, then they do have the internal motivation to have relationships
and understand the importance of friendship. Their findings showed that children with autism do
feel lonely and do have the desire to make friends as each

The Influence of Childhood Mental Disorders On the Quality...
It is becoming more and more common in the contemporary world to see a child with some sort of
mental disorder. Fortunately, it is usually not as serious as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, but
nonetheless it is a great stress for both the kid, their family and people around them. According to
the reports by the U. S. Surgeon General and the New Freedom Commission on Mental Health
(2010), four million children and adolescents in this country suffer from a serious mental disorder
that causes significant functional impairments at home, at school and with peers. Of children ages 9
to 17, 21 percent have a diagnosable mental or addictive disorder that causes at least minimal
impairment. Two most common mental illnesses that children have are ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is commonly known that teachers tend to treat unsuccessful students with less patience and
understanding, causing even more stress in mentally ill students, leading to increased
symptomatology, closing the vicious circle (Ebaugh, Rymer, & Commonwealth Fund, 1942).
Negative attitude of teachers changes the attitude of healthy students towards the unbalanced ones,
influencing greatly the already impaired ability of the latter to sustain social relationships. The lack
of understanding and support of the peers and mentors lead to decreased self–esteem in troubled
children, as well as increasing concerns about their personality. Sometimes these children start
looking for some abnormality within them, which causes anxiety and even panic disorders.
Increased stress causes worsening of the symptoms and can result in closure and denial, leading to
even more severe psychological disorders, such as obsessive–compulsive disorder, psychosis or
even schizophrenia (Vergason & Anderegg, 1997).
According to some psychologists and psychiatrists, there is an alternative way to educate children
with mental disorders. It is homeschooling, which represents the teaching of a child by either
parents or tutors for a long period of time. If it is a hired tutor who takes

Essay about The Media And Violence
The debate regarding the media's relationship to violence in society has been a hot issue for most of
the past century. From the beginning of the wide use of mass media, from films to radio to
television, researchers have tried to explain any association or correlation between media effects and
violence. Of particular interest and concern has been the issue of violence in the media and the
impact that this has on children. Although important research efforts have increased our
understanding of the topic there is still a great that needs to be done in terms of the application and
implementation of the findings to policies and television programming.
It has become generally acknowledged by many communications studies that exposure to ... Show
This study laid a strong foundation from which future studies drew.
The Surgeon General's Report on Television and Social Behavior (1971) was a highly criticized
study because of the vagueness of its implications but progress in the field of study were still made.
The studies were based on content analysis of TV violence with particular attention to modeling and
observational learning as evident in the subjects. The conclusions that were drawn from the five
volumes of research were that television programming is heavily saturated with violence, there has
been increased exposure to this violence by both adults and children, and that viewing of violence in
the media increases the likelihood of aggressive behavior. This project is of particular interest due to
the large size of the study and extent of federal funding that was used to support it.
The research performed by Alert Bandura resulted in strong evidence for short–term effects of
exposure to violence in the media. In his studies children watched models perform aggressive acts
against a doll. These acts of aggression were presented under three circumstances, 1. The children
saw the model rewarded for aggressive behavior, 2. The children saw the model receive no
consequences for their aggressive behavior, and 3. The children saw the model punished. All three
groups were able to imitate the aggressive

Pat Hooker's Influence In Early Childhood Education
Pat Hooker has been teaching her peers, impacting local and state policies, and programs as long as
I have known her. In 1998, I began working as a kindergarten teacher's assistant. Pat was teaching
Spanish and French enrichment classes to our elementary students'. Briefly, she taught Spanish to
first through third graders and French to fourth and fifth graders. When the school day ended, and
the school building was quiet, she would come by my room and teach me new "tricks" she had
learned for teaching colors, numbers, and sight words to kindergarten students. She made learning a
game for me and in turn, I was able to share the joy using our school's technology equipment.
However, with an ever increasing student population born literally with a technology device in their
hands, this appeared to be more of a "sneaky passage into learning" for the students rather than a
tough day digging into books. The information was presented in a format conducive to their 21st
Century learning style. It wasn't long before Pat extinguished her desire for teaching foreign
language and became eager for the excitement of her own classroom. Simultaneously, she taught
sixth grade English for several years. During this teaching episode, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A challenging new opportunity presented itself as Pat became the STEM instructor for Davidson
County's newest, most innovative middle school, Oak Grove. While she Incorporated her passion
for driving students to reach their maximum potential she became a leader in the teaching
community as the EXCEL (encourage, excellence, character, enthusiasm and leadership) sponsor for
our PBIS team, a sponsor for the Robotics Team, and promoted numerous fundraisers throughout
the entire school year for the general purpose of extending educational opportunities for all the
students at Oak

Discuss the Influence of Childhood on Adult Relationships....
Discuss the influence of childhood on adult relationships. (24 Marks)
Many attachment psychologists argue that early relationships with our primary caregivers provide
the foundation for later adult relationships. Bowlby called this the continuity hypothesis. This is the
claim that early relationship experiences continue in later adult relationships.
According to the attachment theory, young children develop an 'internal working model' from their
first relationship with their primary carer. This is then the basis on which they consider what is
acceptable in future relationships and whether they are able to trust or rely other individuals (based
on preconceptions from previous relationships). Young children also develop characteristic ... Show
They devised a 'love quiz' in a local newspaper, asking readers to describe their feelings and
experiences about romantic relationships and their childhood relationships with parents. They found
a strong correlation between childhood and adult relationship patterns: for example, insecure–
avoidant types doubted the existence of love, feared closeness and found it hard to forgive;
insecure–resistant types were intensely emotional, jealous and untrusting; and secure types believed
in love, were very trusting and liked being close to others.
However it is unlikely that our attachment types as children are fixed. Life events, such as divorce
of parents or loss of a loved one, can cause a 'securely attached' child to become 'insecure', therefore
it is unrealistic to say that our early relationships determine whether or not we have successful long–
lasting relationships.
Also, this is a very deterministic view. It suggests that we have no control over the effect our
childhood has on our future and that we do not have free will. (For example the idea that because a
child was abused, when they grow up they 'will' become abusers is not only is this untrue, but it
plays on the idea that we have no power over who we become.)
Relationships with peers also have an influence on later adult relationships. Peers become more
influential as a child progresses into adolescence, playing a significant role in an individual

Parent Influences On Early Childhood
This study is introduced with a unique hypothesis and states the reason it is important in the abstract
section. The article is titled "Parent influences on early childhood internalizing difficulties". The
main focus of the study was the concern that children 's internalization of mental illness is a major
concern for parents and society in general. However, this is due to the significant increase in health
issue over a long period of time. This study in particular is important because the researchers
experimented with a multivariate model to predict the effects of parenting practices on young
children and infants, as well, it indicated in the research that parent anxiety and depression levels
will directly affect the health of child(ren). In the research, about 112 children who were aged at
around 2 years old were followed up to the age of 4. Parents participated in finishing questionnaires
and playground observations were the main providers of independent measurement based on
parenting as well as child variables. In the article, the hypothesis is that "predictors of early
childhood internalizing difficulties were over–involved/protective parenting, low warm–engaged
parenting, and parental anxiety–depression" which falls in the four main categories of parenting
techniques discussed in lectures. Any family depression/stress related and both parental
depression/anxiety also predicted problematic parenting practices. The researchers finding within
the experiment was completed

Key Personalities Research Paper
1– Identify the key personalities such as political leaders, athletes, entertainers, commentators,
religious leaders, and others of the contemporary cultural context. How do these individuals
influence beliefs, opinions, attitudes, and values? I read many stories about leaders who can leads
and change beliefs and values of millions of people. In my opinion may these leaders share same
dreams and goals with the individuals? However, I believe the experience and event that they went
through gave them some skills that enable them to influence people. 2– Accept the validity of the
proposition that key events during one's childhood and youth provide the lenses through which one
sees later events. What are the key events that shaped your vision

Essay on Media Violence in Children's Lives
Media Violence in Children's Lives
During the past decade, America has witnessed an alarming increase in the incidence of violence in
the lives of children. On a daily basis, children in America are victims of violence, as witnesses to
violent acts in their homes or communities, or as victims of abuse, neglect, or personal assault. The
causes of violent behavior in society are complex and interrelated. Among the significant
contributors are poverty, racism, unemployment, illegal drugs, inadequate or abusive parenting
practices, and real–life adult models of violent problem–solving behavior. At the same time that
there has been an increase in the number of reported violent acts directed at children, there has been
an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During this formative period, young children are particularly vulnerable to negative influences. In
most instances, children have no control over the environmental messages they

Cultural Influences On Childhood Development
The purpose of this essay is to discuss cultural and socioeconomic factors and its influence on
childhood development. The researcher will provide a background on the topic of cultural and
socioeconomic factors. In addition, the researcher will present a review of Lawrence Kohlberg's
stages of development, as well as findings from experts in the field of education. The researcher will
also identify strategies, in which an early childhood educator could employ to develop community
partnerships for the benefit of children. A summary will conclude the essay.
Background
In order for early childhood educators to develop community partnerships, they must understand the
factors may influence children's development. These factors may include early experiences as a
child, modelling the behavior of others, physical and social environment, and the child's overall
quality of life (Huitt, 2004). Furthermore, Lawrence Kohlberg used Piaget's studies as a foundation
to develop three ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, "parents, educators, affiliates of religious organizations, and community members have
an obligation to provide young people with training appropriate to their age level" (Huitt, 2004,
para. 8). By leveraging community resources, children can benefit by learning from individuals
within society. The term prosocial conduct was introduced, which can be demonstrated by working
with community members through volunteer work and developing character (Huitt, 2004). In
addition, the Virginia's Board of Education has approved some religious organizations to conduct
preschool sessions for early childhood development (McDaniels, 2016). Furthermore, another
religious organization provides reading lessons for adult learners with reading difficulty. The
purpose is to address the gap in learning so parents can enhance the child's learning environment in
the home (McDaniels,

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Victims, Bullies...
Conceptual Framework Many people have different views on what they think bullying might be. It
is often interpreted in different ways by different people. Rigby et al (2002) cited a definition of
bullying as 'an intentional harm where the power is differential between the bully and the victim'
(p.1). This meant that the bullies are likely to suffer from a range of problems than the children who
are uninvolved. The researcher's main assumption is to consider victimisation and bullying
separately and secondly to consider victimisation and bullying simultaneously to examine the
genetics and environmental influences on the covariation between the two. The paper focuses on
three groups of children that are involved in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A longitudinal study was carried out and examined children who later became bullies found out that
their parents were providing less emotional support and less cognitive stimulation and were allowed
to watch more TV than other parents and that the bully victims were experiencing aggression,
maternal hostility and discipline. However there is a limitation to the paper as it has not made a
connection to draw firm conclusions about familial influences. The issue underlying this is very
unclear because genetic and environmental influences are confounded within the families. For
example, withdrawn parents could have withdrawn children as a result of genetic transmission. The
reason may be due to the parent over controlling. Even though there has been no previous genetic–
behavioural study of victimisation or bullying, several have examined the anti–social behaviour
which includes the bullying behaviour.
Methodology
Quantitative approach A longitudinal study is a research study that involves observations to be over
a period of time. Quantitative date was carried out in order to obtain information about the victim
and bullies.
Quantitative research
The participants were members of the environmental risk which tracks the development of birth
cohort of 2,232 twins, in other words 1,116 pairs. The sample was drawn from a birth register of
twins born in England and Wales

Childhood Influences Impact the Writing of F. Scott...
Childhood Influences Impact the Writing of F. Scott Fitzgerald
On Wednesday February 12 of 1890 F. Scott Fitzgerald's parents were married in Washington D.C.
Six years later on September 24, 1896 Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born at his home 481
Laurel Ave. in St. Paul, Minnesota. His two infant older sisters had died from a violent influenza so
that by the time Fitzgerald came along Mollie Fitzgerald had become the proverbial nightmare that
known as an overprotective mother. Fitzgerald's mother was no traditional mother though, for she
was known for her eccentricities. These eccentricities disturbed young Scott's life, "Fitzgerald later
described his mother as 'half insane with pathological nervous worry'" (Bruccoli 15), ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because of the proximity of the his mother's extended family Scott had an extra three mothers who
lavished him with affection and estrogen growing up, but had no real male role–model. Regardless,
after the final failure in New York, the family returned to St. Paul in July of 1908. Scott and Annabel
lived with their grandmother while Edward and Mollie stayed with a friend until 1909 when the
family finally reunited at 514 Holly Ave. (Bruccoli 23), the street where the family would live for
the next five years. These five years are of note mostly because they made an impression on Scott
and would later become a theme and setting for some of his short stories.
During this time Scott's education began. His mother, Mollie wished for him to associate with the
"right" crowd and so he was enrolled in a dancing class for boys and girls at Ramaley Hall on Grand
Avenue. It was in this dancing class that he met Marie Hersey. Marie was a good childhood friend
who is even said to have helped Zelda re–wardrobe at Scott's request (he didn't like her southern
style and found it unfitting to New York society) after their marriage and move to New York. Mollie
also found hope in Scott when compared to the failures of her husband, but her hopes discouraged
Scott's writing to the point of destroying some of his earliest writings, "Her opposition to Scott's
literary ambitions may have prompted her destruction of his

Early Childhood Influence Paper
Šolcová, M. Blatný, M. Jelínek, V. Kebza conduct research on relation of temperament and
perceived parenting style to adult resilience. They use longitudinal study to find the relationship
between toddler temperament and adult resilience, and collect about parental style and adult
resilience among participant of longitudinal study. The purpose of the longitudinal study was to find
out how early child temperament and parent–child relationships may impact adult resilience.
Temperament traits are biological, genetic foundations, presence in primates and social mammals,
and appearance in the earliest stages of life (Zentner, Bates, 2008). Characteristics of temperament
that emerge in early childhood affect child's experiencing of the world and contribute thus to
forming of the child's personality (Shiner, Caspi, 2012).
The data is from Mental development of school children ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
A positive relation between active/disinhibited temperament at 12–30 months of age and adult
resilience has been found. Parenting style perceived as "inconsistent" relates negatively to
manageability scale and total score of Sense of Coherence. The research showed the links between
resilience and personality characteristics in adolescents, emerging/young adults and adult people. In
school–age–children, Smith and Prior (1995) have found that positive temperament (low emotional
reactivity, high social engagement) best discriminated children showing resilience on all indicators,
i.e., behavioral and social competence both at home and at school, with maternal warmth and the
number of adverse life events the child had recently experienced also contributing. Similarly,
Tschann, Kaiser, Chesney, Alkon and Boyce (1996) have found in preschool children that a difficult
temperament acts as a vulnerability factor for internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems
and observed aggression, while an easy temperament functions as a protective

Transformational Leadership
Philosophy of Leadership
Sullivan (2010) indicates that leaders empower, encourage, and support others in a shared effort to
achieve goals or create change. Hence, as a early childhood educator our role has a great impact in
achieving such goals. Indeed, a leader has desirable traits that inspires and motivates other to work
towards a vision or goal. For the purpose of this paper, I will discuss my leadership style and
explain how the style motivates and influences my environment and the importance to reflect on
practice.
Transformational Leadership Being in the field for over twenty years, I am able to reflect on my role
as a supervisor. I consider myself as a transformational leader. According to _____tranformational
leaders are able to motivate and equip members by actively engaging them in the program's' mission
or goals. As a result of my transformational leadership in the field, I am able to create such
collaborative and engaging atmosphere, where staff families and community work together for the
benefit of the children. With this intention, families and staff develop a sense of belonging in the
program, therefore enables active participation in the program's activities, planning and decision
making.
Motivates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
––––––––states that transformational leadership ensures that each staff member is treated as an
important leader in the workplace (2010). With this in mind, lines of communication are kept open
to ensure that staff members are able to express their ideas and valued as contributing member of the
workplace. Providing this type of atmosphere motivates staff to actively participate in the program
and carry out the program's vision. In essence, a program can not be successful on it's own, but it
takes a group of motivating people that share common goals and interest for the

Socio-Structural Elements That Influence Childhood Obesity
The socio–structural elements that influence childhood obesity are socioeconomic status,
environment, and education. Caprio et al. (2008) explained childhood experiences from different
social classes have potential impact on childhood obesity. First, insufficient income among low–
income families or families living in poverty can only afford the low cost of widely available poor
nutrient foods such as fast foods, snacks, and soft drinks, which makes up a great proportion of their
diet. Fresh fruits and vegetables prices have increased by almost 20% over the past two years and
healthier food options are simply unaffordable among the low–income families.
In addition, there is an increasing number of women in the labor force providing for the

How Did Hitlers Childhood Influence Hitler's Personality
In Hitler's childhood, he had many disappointments that influenced the person he became, therefore
his childhood experienced his strong hate for Jews. Adolf Hitler's ultimate goal was so to most
defiantly removal Jews altogether. How did he wipe out a whole population of six million Jews?
Hitler's childhood did affect the way his personality was when we grew up to be an adult. When he
was a child, losses in his family played a huge role in his disposition. Consequently when Hitler was
a kid, he showed an early interest in German Nationalism. Hitler grew up with a political leader who
disrespected Jews and who also hate them.
Hitler remains so much power he starts a World War II therefore, after he got out of prison, Adolf
Hitler immediately

The Influence Of Ruth's Childhood In The Color Of Water
In the color of water the two main characters Ruth and James, had very troubling childhoods but
overcome them too later on have a very honest living. Ruth's childhood was very influenced on the
hate of her father, and the realization of what would happen to her mother. And James' childhood
was impacted heavily by the death of his stepfather, turning to illegal acts. James and Ruth's
childhoods formed them into very honest living people because of the tragedy and adversity they
went through when they were younger.
Ruth's hate of her father Tateh came from him using her mother just so he can come to america, and
him sexually coming on to Ruth. Her father even did it to Ruth while she was trying to sleep,"My
father did things to me when I was a young girl that I couldn't tell anyone about. Such as getting in
bed with me at night, and doing things to me sexually that I could not tell anyone about". These
types of acts Tateh did to Ruth really influenced her acts that sh did later on in her life, that defied
her father's wishes. An example would be not dating a gentile or getting involved with the blacks.
And Ruth's first friend was a gentile named frances. Ruth never revealed to Tateh that she had a
gentile friend at all. Another way that Tateh's acts influenced her defying her father, was dating Peter
her first ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He got into a boy band after the death and made new friends, but he did illegal acts with them " My
new friends and I shoplifted. We broke into cars. We snuck onto the nearby Conrail/Long Island
Rail Road tracks and broke into freight cars, robbing them of bicycles, television sets, and wine". I
can say that without the influence of a father James can't handle, anything especially knowing when
to do the right thing. This shows what type of adversity James went through, when turning into a
teenager, and how vulnerable and desperate he can

The Influence Of Tim Burton In Childhood Films
Tim Burton the creator of many childhood films is in many ways one of the best directors. The style
of Tim Burton is very different to the regular fairy tales that people are used to. Often times the
setting is dark and around someone different. One thing that sets Tim Burton away from other
directors are his influences from when he was a kid. However the things that really set him apart
from the rest is his ability to make a good story using these main parts to create a good story and
they are lighting, camera angles, and editing. The lighting of Tim Burton's movie can vary very
much depending on the plot of the movie. However, Tim Burton will often use lighting to show the
effect over time and/or to show expression of someone's thoughts. Being that Burton involves
himself with darker and more shadowy grounds Burton often uses darker lighting for the main
character. The use of darker lighting shows his feelings and thoughts about what the main character
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These movements can show the feelings or the view of a certain image. For example, in Edward
Scissorhands when Peg first enters the attic or top floor of the house. We see upon her entry a long
shot showcases the size of the room, making Peg look small, insignificant, and lonely it was in the
mansion. This showcases the use of camera angles to make things look smaller than they actually
are. This creates a better image for the viewers, allowing them to get a better view of what happened
or is bound to happen. Using these techniques it allows the creator to image or create many different
emotions depending on whether or not the feeling of unknown remains or goes away. Tim Burton
has excellent use of camera angles to make the characters look exactly how he wants them. We see
this in films such as Charlie and the Chocolate factory and Edward

Influence Of Early Childhood Educators
The scope of this paper will be to compare the different roles that early childhood educators have in
supporting the artistic development of children. The theorists Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky and
their respective beliefs regarding the instructional practice of early childhood educators will be
examined and critiqued. Additionally, this paper will explore what these theorists believe to be the
most effective way to teach the visual arts to young children and what role the early childhood
educator plays in supporting their development. In a discussion of Piaget, the constructivist theory
will be explained and connected to the visual arts education. The socio–cultural theory and social
development theory will be closely examined when ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Kaufman and Beghetto (2014) further suggest that creativity can be fostered in children to a certain
extent by providing them with opportunities to express their own unique ideas.
The first theorist that will be explored in this paper is Jean Piaget and his theory of constructivism as
it applies to visual arts education. The constructivist approach, as explained by Thompson (2015),
recognizes that children are naturally curious and eager to explore and learn from their
surroundings. Children are actively involved in their learning and when they interact with their
environment, it is their experiences that help shape their knowledge and understanding of the world.
Thompson (2015) states that the early childhood educator's primary role in teaching the visual arts is
to observe children as they engage in activities. According to Piaget, the educator has a more hands–
off role when teaching the visual arts to young children which allows the children to be more self–
directed in their learning (Thompson, 2015). In his work, Piaget argued that children need to be
provided with experiential learning opportunities and it is the teachers job to act as a facilitator and
help to guide the student's learning (Thompson, 2015). Piaget also stated that children do not learn
through direct teaching methods where the early childhood educators are transmitting knowledge to
the students, rather,

Childhood Influences
While working at a preschool a few years back, I came across an aide that I did not think was a good
influence for the children. He was very nice, charming, and helpful. He was good when it came to
taking directions, but when it involved playing with the children; I think he was a little sexist.
However, I am not sure if he was aware of his actions. For example, when playing basketball with
the children, I would notice him not including the girls who wanted to play. The first few times that
I noticed this I thought that perhaps the girls were just watching, or they were just waiting their turn.
Since I was not in charge of supervising that area of the playground, I did not focus too much on
what my co–worker was doing in his area. One day

The Influence Of Childhood Obesity In The United States
Childhood obesity is becoming more of a medical concern everyday. With obesity rates up almost
10% since the 1970's and it being the second leading cause of death in the United States it is
becoming a problem that has lifelong consequence (Johnson 1 ). The cause of childhood obesity is
more than just genetics, it is what influences the child from family and friends to the social aspect
such as television. Although this is becoming an epidemic in the United States, there is still hope for
a better future. Childhood obesity can be influenced by social factors and lead to severe medical
issues but can be aided with the help of a lifestyle change. Factors that influence overweight and
obesity are multiple and varied, but are partly due to

Media's Influence On Childhood Obesity
In the US, it is estimated that the average child is exposed to more than 40,000 advertisements each
year, while $12 billion is spent by advertisers to reach this youth market. (APA.org) Since children
are the world's most enthusiastic consumers of marketing, the effect of advertisements is a concern
for their parents across the country. Such exposure has been proven to contribute significantly to
childhood obesity. Even though obesity rates are at a record high, children continue to be
overwhelmed with marketing for foods high in fat, sugar, salt, and calories. Since children are the
focal point for intense advertising, parents should teach them to be more media–aware.
Food corporations have notably influenced the rising obesity epidemic in the United States. Recent
statistics, from Megan M. Klunge, states that 17% of all children and adolescents are now obese,
three times the rate from a generation ago. (Opposing Viewpoints) At a very young age, a child first
learns eating habits in their home. Instead of preparing a home cooked meal, busy working parents
might find themselves turning to fast food as an alternative. Fast food restaurants offer a variety of
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Younger children do not understand the persuasive intent of advertisements, while adolescents have
a hard time distinguishing the intent of marketing techniques between commercial and program
content. Using research that analyzes children behavior, marketers are able to create convincing
strategies to reach young people. One powerful tactic they use is the promise of a toy with your
meal. McDonald's Happy Meals, for example, include toys usually tied to the newest movie or TV
shows, which acts as a transition for children to transfer their feelings about the characters or show
towards McDonald's. The idea that eating should be fun influences children in regards to their food
choices. Another strategy used

How Did Childhood Influence Martin Luther King Jr's Childhood
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s childhood influenced his beliefs and actions as an adult, including his
personal experiences, educational experiences, and his role models and mentors. When Martin
Luther King was younger, he noticed societal problems, which enabled him to fix them later on.
Returning from a high school speech competition, he and his teacher were forced to give up their
seats on the bus to white citizens. He realized that everyone deserves a seat on the bus and that the
existing laws were unfair. He fought these laws as an adult. When he was six, some of his friends
stopped playing with him because their father did not want them playing with someone of another
race, so he wanted to stop racism so his children did not have

Normative Influences Over Childhood And Adolescence
Both normative and nonnormative influences and nature and nurture influences both shed light on
human development over childhood and adolescence. The nature and nurture debate refers to
whether particular aspects of development are a result of inherited characteristics (nature) or
obtained characteristics (nurture). The answer to what characteristics were obtained by which source
is a difficult task as there is still much to learn about the way genetic markers work and how their
patterning influence organisms. Instead nature and nurture should be looked at as a intricate ecology
(Claiborne, Drewery, Paki, & Peters, 2014). This is where characteristics are not considered to have
only a single source but can linked to a contribution of our genetic

Media Influences on Childhood Obesity
Recently my 13 year old brother received his second phone, an IPhone 4s. I could not believe it a 13
year old carrying around one of the best pieces of technology in our world. Since then my brother's
free time outside running around has decreased drastically. His eyes and hands are glued to his
IPhone 4s. Finding him playing basketball or throwing a football around in my yard when I go home
on the weekends has become less and less. This is just one of thousands of children whose physical
activity has suffered due to technology. Today our society has created the perception to children that
without the latest technology they are not 'cool' or even worse poor. Kids then beg their parents for
updated technology in order to fit in. Face it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"A recent examination of the nutritional content of food ads during children's programming found
that 72.5% were for high–calorie, low–nutrient products; 26.6% were for high–fat or high–sugar
products: and just 0.9% were for low–calorie, nutrient–rich products" (Powell, Schermbeck). Even
web sites promote unhealthy food products which create a bad perception for a healthy lifestyle for
kids. Gaming web sites particularly, market poor–nutrient foods targeted for children. Research has
shown that food advertising companies have strategized an effective selling plan towards children.
Companies rely on features that appeal to children: happy, colorful, vibrant, exciting and fun. There
are very little food product advertisements promoting fruits and vegetables. These influences shape
children's nutritional knowledge, eating practices and weight status. All in all television exposure is
linked to diet misconceptions. The misconceptions have a domino effect on children's food
preference and choices which then poorly effects children's unhealthy weight status.
The obesity epidemic needs to be controlled one step at a time. The first step includes eliminating
the multiple influences encouraging children to eat these low–nutrient, high–calorie food items. Two
distinct ways to terminate media as a contributor to childhood obesity is to limit screen time and
limit unhealthy food advertisement to the youth (Kunkel).

The Influence Of Childhood Obesity
Introduction
What is childhood obesity? Childhood obesity can be described as the excessive accumulation of fat
that might impair the health of a child. This is a medical condition that has a huge impact on
children and teenagers. Every individual has a body shape that is just right for his or her changes. It
is important for children to be taught that excessive eating is bad for their health and should be
supervised. (Lachal, 2013)
Pocock stated that parents have various understandings of the term "healthy lifestyle" and their
perceptions are highly influenced. (Pocock et al.) Furthermore, we cannot ignore the barriers which
parent face to achieve a healthy behavioral lifestyle. There are many barriers which include financial
issues, lack

How Does Margo Influence Quentin's Childhood?
In the book, Paper Towns, by John Green, one of the main characters, Margo Roth Spiegelman,
greatly influences the actions of her childhood best friend, Quentin Jacobsen. Margo brings out the
more adventurous side of Quentin as she convinces him to live more and break the rules. After
Margo goes missing, she leads Quentin on a quest to find her. Margo also helps Quentin think more
deeply about life, people's true characters, and love. In the beginning of the story, Quentin Jacobsen
appears to just be an awkward geek who has a huge crush on his childhood best friend, Margo. He is
very reserved with a close friend group that he does everything with. One night, however, Margo
unexpectedly shows up outside of Quentin's window with a request. She convinces ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
When Quentin finally finds Margo, she acts cold and indifferent toward him. He gets her to open up
about why she left, and she explains how she couldn't stay in Orlando anymore and live a "paper
life." She explains, "A paper town for a paper girl....I didn't really look down and think about how
everything was made of paper. I looked down and thought about how I was made of paper. I was the
flimsy–foldable person, not everyone else. And here's the thing about it. People love the idea of a
paper girl. They always have. And the worst thing is that I loved it, too. I cultivated it, you know?"
(293). She felt as if she was becoming a hollow and fake person, so she had to get away. This is
when Quentin realizes the girl he's been in love with for years isn't really that girl at all. He doesn't
actually know her; instead, he's in love with the idea of her. Quentin's journey means much more
than just finding Margo. Along the way, he develops stronger relationships with his friends, takes
some risks, and learns what it means to truly live. Quentin's quest to find Margo helps him find

Influences Of An Early Childhood Educator
Part B: How does this impact you as an early childhood educator? Your response should be specific
and demonstrate that you can make links from the theoretical bases (readings) to the practical
situation (your centre's practice). Here you should make some connections with current professional
documents (for example, NQS & EYLF in Australia). Suggestions for practice should be
developmentally sound and acknowledge (1) the likely diversity of needs that will exist in any
group of children and (2) equity issues. As per the Commonwealth of Australia's research, emotional
wellbeing is the best determinant to the overall wellbeing of a child. In this context, the challenge as
an early childhood educator lies in taking care of a child's emotional needs. According to Maslow's
hierarchy of needs (1943), everybody has five levels of needs. The basic needs cater to that of food,
shelter and clothing, and the top–most needs in the hierarchy relate to needs of self–esteem.
However, in the case of a child, following the basic needs of food and shelter, emotional needs are
of extreme importance (Hood, 2009). Considering the fact that children have no idea of how the
world or the society works, they are not 100% conscious of how they behave in front of others.
Emotions play a vital role in their wellbeing and development. In children, overall wellbeing is
affected significantly by how one deal with their emotional needs (Hood, 2009). In the case of
children, the following points are of

Influence Of Childhood Attachment On Moral Leadership
The Influence of Childhood Attachment on Moral Leadership In order to understand how there is a
childhood attachment on moral leadership, we need to first understand how and where the
influences come from and what stages in development they may occur. The fundamental
development occurs in three stages. Theses stages are physical, cognitive and psychosocial in which
all human life goes through. While these stages inherently create human functions, intelligence and
social and other interpersonal traits, it encompasses the positive and negative attributes also from
birth to adulthood. First, one must be able to understand the phase of developments, here is a brief
overview of the phases: Physical development– During this stage of development, it encompasses
the physical such as the growth of the body and organs. This also includes the functioning of the
psychological as well as the brains and the physical signs of aging and motor abilities (Sigelman &
Rider, para, 2015, p. 4). Cognitive development– In this phase, changes and continuities in
perceptions and language, learning, development of memory and problem solving as well other
mental processes (Sigelman & Rider, 2015, p. 5). Psychosocial Development– In this developmental
phase, changes and carry over in personal and interpersonal aspects. Here is where personal traits,
emotional development as well as interpersonal skills, relationship and how roles are played within
the family (Sigelman & Rider, para, 2015, p. 5) Now

Nurse Influence On Childhood Obesity
The Health and Social Care Information Centre [HSCIC] (2016) report that obesity prevalence in
the UK has increased by 11% between 1996 and 2016, with 58% of women and 65% of men being
overweight or obese. The World Health Organisation (2016) define obesity as the disproportionate
build–up of fat that could harm an individual's health. Obesity is measured using Body Mass Index
(BMI). An individual's BMI is measured using an individual's weight and height, by dividing the
weight in kilograms by the square of the height in metres. If an individual has a BMI higher than 30,
they are classified as obese (NHS, 2016). With obesity having such as high prevalence in the UK,
this piece of writing will look at the influence that obesity can have on ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
PHE recognise many reasons for this, one of them being that obesity could be a side effect to
medication that they may be on; as well as behavioural, environmental and biological elements.
With this, the nurse must have a holistic view of the persons in order to treat them. . This directly
relates to the 6 Action Areas of the 6 C's (NHS England, 2013). The 5th action relates to ensuring
that the NHS have the correct staff with the correct skills to ensure the right care is being delivered
to meet needs of the service–user. PHE (2016) recognise poor diet and lack of exercise as key
contributors of obesity for people with LD; therefore the nurse would have to work with members of
the MDT, such as dieticians and

Doris Influence On Early Childhood
It is indicated that Doris's main passion was being an elementary school teacher for over twenty plus
years. She loved having the opportunity to teach children about new topics. However, she was most
passionate about teaching children to read. She had the patience and encouragement to teach
children about the value of reading and understood that it was a difficult skill to overcome. She said
that her favorite grade to teach was third graders. Doris least favorite subject to teach was math
because it was not something she was excited to teach. Later in her adult years, she met a man
named Gail Knight and they soon got married. They had many memories together which included
reading, German club and traveling. Doris and her husband travel all ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Doris explains that it was difficult for her to move from Pennsylvania to this nursing home. It is
indicated that one of the scariest things she has done is move to this nursing home. She misses her
home back in Pennsylvania, but she know she is living in a safe environment now. Doris says that
three words to describe herself is steady, resolute, and happy. She believes she is steady because she
is always on an even course and she is very focus to overcome challenges that come her way. She
believes she is resolute because she means what she says and she believe she is happy because this
life is short so choose to be happy. It is indicated that there is something that she wished everyone
knew about her is how important relationships are to her. She understands that she is introvert and
making relationship with others is hard for her, but wants others to understand that she wants a
relationship with them even when it does not like she does. It is indicated that something most
people do not know about her is that she swears a lot and she is a funny person. It is indicated that
important words of wise that is dear to heart is "treat people the way you want to be

Gender &Amp; Play

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Kerry Lewis

More from Kerry Lewis (17)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Gender &Amp; Play