The phylogeny in this figure shows the evolution of visual opsins in.pdf

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The phylogeny in this figure shows the evolution of visual opsins in tetrapods. Each colored triangle represents a different opsin. Which of the following accurately describes the opsins in these species? The phylogeny in this figure shows the evolution of visual opsins in tetrapods. Each colored triangle represents a different opsin. Which of the following accurately describes the opsins in these species? A AAA AAAA A A AA AAA AAA Squamate reptiles New World A opsin gain A opsin loss Tetrapod Click to view larger im O The green opsin is a synapomorphy in rodents and New World primates, and the light blue opsin is a symplesiomorphy in baboons and humans. O b. The light blue opsin is a synapomorphy in squamate reptiles and birds, and the green opsin is an ancestral trait. O c The purple opsl in is an analogous trait, and the green opsin is a homologous trait. O d The green opsin is a synapomorphy in baboons and humans, and the light blue opsin is symplesiomorphy in squamate reptiles and birds. Solution synapomorphy means a character that is present in an ancestral species and then it is shared by one or more descendants, symplesiomorphy means that it is a shared primitive trait. since we can see that the green opsin is first present in the ancestor the tetrapod and then gets transferred to only baboons and humans it is derived, also we see that light blue opsin is transferred to the reptiles and the birds from the tetrapod ancestor. therefore the correct option should be: the green opsin is a synapomorphy in baboons and humans, and the light blue opsin is symplesiomorphy in squamate reptiles and birds..

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Required information In Drosophila, the autosomal recessive prand cn mutations cause brown and bright-red eyes, respectively (wild-type flies have brick-red eyes). Flies who are homozygous recessive at both prand c n have orange eyes. A female who has wildtype eyes is crossed to an orange-eyed male. Their progeny have the following distribution of eye colors: he mother of these progeny resulted from a cross between two flies from true-breeding lines. What are the genotypes of these two lines + Cr + / r en' and pr en/ pren px en' i pron and prent or on pren'i prent and p x + onl per cn t orl pren and prent/ pron More then coe of these could be trie. p r + cn + / p r + cn + and p rc n / p rc n p r + cn + / pr c n and p rc n / pr c n p r Cn + / p r Cn + and p r + cn / p r + cn p r + c n / p rc n and p rc n + / p rc n More than one of these could be true..

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What is the difference between a dinoflagellate and a Stramenopile? What is a shared character of the radiolarians and Foraminfera? How long is the haploid phase of Rhizopus compared to the length of the diploid phase? What are the three main sexually reproducing fungal divisions listed in the manual? What is the difference between a dinoflagellate and a Stramenopile? What is a shared character of the radiolarians and Foraminfera? How long is the haploid phase of Rhizopus compared to the length of the diploid phase? What are the three main sexually reproducing fungal divisions listed in the manual? What is the difference between a dinoflagellate and a Stramenopile? What is a shared character of the radiolarians and Foraminfera? How long is the haploid phase of Rhizopus compared to the length of the diploid phase? What are the three main sexually reproducing fungal divisions listed in the manual? Solution 1. Difference between Dinoflagellate and heterokont Dinoflagellate : 2. Most are marine plankton, but they are common in freshwater habitats, as well. 3. Dinoflagellates are considered to be protists, with their own division, Dinoflagellata 4. Dinoflagellates are unicellular and possess two dissimilar flagella arising from the ventral cell side. Heterokont 2. What is a shared character of the radiolarians and Foraminfera? The character of the radiolarians and Foraminfera is “amoeboids with complex shells” 3. How long is the haploid phase of Rhizopus compared to the length of the diploid phase? Haploid life history of Rhizopus (Asexual Reproduction) Once the zygote undergoes meiosis, germination occurs forming mycelia and sporangia with opposite mating strains, (+) and (-). The sproangia produces mitospores which through mitosis developes into gametangia, or sex organs. When the gametangia fuse, syngamy occurs and produces a zygote (2n). The zygote then goes through meiosis to form new 1n spores and the life cycle repeats. Diploid life history of Rhizopus (Sexual Reproduction) The zygospores are the only diploid phase. The zygospore forms from two special haploid hyphae of opposite mating types that touch due to hormones and being in close proximity of each other. The two cytoplasms intermingle, also known as plasmogamy. As this occurs the nuclei of both parents enter the conjunction, causing the resting spore to develop. Karyogamy is the term used to describe the fusion of the two nuclei. After the zygospore has fully formed, meiosis occurs and haploid spores are formed and dispersed. The zygospore can become dormant for severalmonths at a time. Meiosis still occurs and a sporangium similar to the asexually produced sporangium is created when the zygospore finally cracks open. 4. W`hat are the three main sexually reproducing fungal divisions listed in the manual? Sexual reproduction in the fungi consists of three sequential stages Plasmogamy Karyogamy Meiosis.

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Explain why membranes are semifluid and describe how membrane composition can affect fluidity? What are other factors that affect Fluidity? Solution Membranes are composed of both type of fatty acid(unsaturated and saturated) unsaturated fatty acid always tend to be liquid state, where as saturated fatty acid tend to take a gel state, and the proteins in plasma membrane are also water soluble, so membrane takes a gel like semi fluid state always & its also important for membrane as membrane fluidity confers the transportation of several molecules important for cell. Semifluid nature also helps the cell to be more elastic type. if membrane has a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids then it takes a liquid or fluidic stage and if membrane has a high percentage of saturated fatty acid then it takes a semi solid gel like structure. Cholesterol in the membrane makes a membrane less fluid gel like substance.The other factors that affects fluidity are 1. Temperature 2.polarity 3.pH 4.protein present in the membrane.

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