Towards Design and Implementation of Wearable Real time Body Temperature Monitoring and Alert System for Children with Risk of Febrile Convulsion.

1. Towards Design and Implementation of Wearable
Real time Body Temperature Monitoring and Alert
System for Children with Risk of Febrile Convulsion.
Presented By:
Asif Mohammad Mithu
ID:1321528
Dept. of EEE,IUB
1
Supervised by:
Dr. Md. Kafiul Islam
Assistant Professor
Dept. of EEE, IUB

2. Presentation Outline
SECTION-01
• Problem Statement
• Effects of Problem
• Possible Solution
SECTION-02
• Goal and Objectives
• Research Methodology
• Proposed system comparing with
present solution
SECTION-3
• Simulation and result
• Hardware design and result analysis
• Conclusion
• Future work
2

3. The Characteristics of Febrile Convulsion
What is Febrile Convulsion ?
 FC is a sudden, violent, irregular movement of a
limb or of the body, caused by involuntary
contraction of muscles and associated especially
with brain disorders such as epilepsy, the presence
of certain toxins or other agents in the blood, or
fever in children.
 Febrile Seizure may happen in first 24h during
Fever
 Children average age 6 months to 6 years with a
peak age of around 14-18 months.
 38.8’C 0r 101.8’F, Febrile Convulsion may Happen
 Seizure are mostly generalized, usually once in 24
hours, last from few second to few minutes but not
exceeding 15 minutes.
Febrile Convulsion
Affected Children
3

4. The Effects of Febrile Convulsion
• During a febrile seizure, a child may lose consciousness or responsiveness,
shake and move limbs on both sides of the body.
• The child becomes rigid or has twitches in only a portion of the body, such
as an arm or a leg, or on the right or the left side only. The child may vomit
or pass urine.
• Thousands of neuron cells die per second.
• Harmful for child’s brain development, delays, disabilities.
• Epilepsy, Cerebral palsy and Autism.
• Hypothermia may lead metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia.
4

5. Temperature Differences in Child to Adult
Body
Temperature
Range
Hypothermia for (°F)
(Low temperature)
Normal (°F) Hyperthermia (°F)
(high temperature)
Baby (Birth
to 2 years)
96.8 96.8 to 98.6 98.6 to 100.4
Children (3
to 12 years)
96.8 96.8 to 98.2 100.4
Adult (13 to
40 years)
96.98 96.98 to 98.96 99.5
Elder(above
40)
95 96.38 to 98.49 99.4 to 100.29
5

6. Effect of Temperature in Child and Human Body in Different
Range
Temperature Effects
75.2-82.4°F Stop Breathing. But mostly death.
84.2-91.4°F Moderate to severe confusion or sleepiness, progressive loss of shivering or stop,
slow heartbeat,
shallow breathing
93.2-95°F Intensive shivering, Heart Irritability. Confusion and Loss of Movement of
finger.
96.8°F Mild or moderate shivering. May be
Normal temperature.
97.88°C Normal temperature
100.4-104°F
(Most Febrile Convulsions occurred from
this situation)
Severe sweating, dehydration,
weakness, vomiting, headache, fast heart rate, slightly hungry. Febrile
Convulsion
104-105.8°F
(Very High Risk for Febrile Convulsion)
Fainting, confusion, very fast heart rate,
convulsion, Low/high blood pressure
109.4°F Normally death/brain damage/cardiorespiratory
Collapse
111.2°F Almost death. 6

7. Why existing solution is not suitable for febrile
convulsion alert? Or Think Alternative ?
Digital Thermometer Analog Thermometer
7
Body Temp monitoring is more challenging than Room/Env. Temp. monitoring.
High Precision is required.
• Continuous monitoring not possible
• Manual operation by a person
• Child irritation
• Storing options

8. Goal and Objectives
Specific Objectives
• Design a continuous body temp. monitoring system
– Reliable and accurate
– Easy to use
– Comfortable for baby
– Affordable with available local resources
• Include multi-layer Alarming for febrile convulsion
– Sound Alarm/Buzzer
– SMS/Notification to Mobile
– LED alert
• Send and store temp. data to Mobile device
• Compare measured data with existing digital thermometer measurement
8
Goal: To propose a system that can reduce the risk of febrile convulsion in children.

9. Process Flow of Methods
9
1
•Sensor selection based on problem statement.
2
•Design and simulation of signal conditioning circuit for precise temperature value
3
•Design and simulation for GSM module or Bluetooth transmitting data to mobile device
4
•Design and simulate the micro-controller for Signal conditioning circuit
5
•Make sure where temperature increasing or decreasing by using alarm system.
6
•Store the Temperature data in future in mobile Apps.

10. Proposed System for Reducing Febrile Convulsion
10
PIC Micro
Controller
Power input
Display I/O
Analog/digital
Temperature
Sensor
Other Input
Sensor if needed
Wi-Fi/ GSM
Module
Memory
Signal
Conditioning
Circuit

11. Comparison of Different Temp. Sensors
Criteria Temperature sensor IC
LM35
Thermistor RTD Thermocouple IR Temp Sensor
Temp
Range
-55°C to +150°C -100°C to
+500°C
-240°C to
700°C
-267°C to
+2316°C
-100°C to
+500°C
Accuracy Meets requirements Depends on
Calibration
Meets
Requirements
Depends on cold
junction
compensation
Depends on
Calibration
Linearity Best Least Better Better Better
Sensitivity Better Best Less Least Less
Circuit
Simplicity
Simplest Simpler Complex Complex Simple to Complex
Power Lowest Low High High High
Cost Lowest Low High High High
11

12. Sensor Selection and Special Features of LM35
Temperature Sensor.
 Calibrated directly in ˚ Celsius (Centigrade) but from our Country’s perspective,
converted to Fahrenheit as most of people understand body temperature in scale.
 The low output impedance(0.1Ω), linear output and precise inherent calibration.
 Output middle pin generates analog voltage that is directly proportional to the temperature.
 Operates from 4 to 30 volts but we apply 5 V for our working purpose.
 Less than 60 µA current drain.
 Low self-heating, 0.08˚C in still air.
 Nonlinearity only ±1⁄4˚C typical.
 Almost zero radiation, small size.
 Its scale factor is 0.01 V/ °C or 10mV/ °C.

13. Calculation of sensor sensitivity with
respect to A/D Converter.
• Measuring temperature between 25°C to 45°C for medical application.
• The accuracy of sensor is also dependent on the input A/D converter and
Sensitivity.
𝑺𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 =
𝑼𝒓𝒆𝒇
𝟐 𝒏
𝑼 𝒓𝒆𝒇 = 𝟓 𝑽
𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒃𝒊𝒕
𝑺𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 𝟒. 𝟖𝟖𝒎𝑽
• LM35 sensor scale factor 10mV/°C.
• Precision 0.5°C or 0.9°F.
13

14. Why Signal Conditioning Circuit is Required?
Before Magnifying Signal After Magnifying Signal
14

15. Designing a signal conditioning circuit (SCC)
R1
10k
R1(1)
Volts
+0.97
R2
43.7646k
R3
10k
R4
10k
3
2
1
84
U1:A
LM358N
U1:A(V+)
𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒄
𝑉𝑖𝑛
𝑅1
+
𝑉𝑖𝑛 −𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝑅2
= 0;
Vout=0.98 V, it’s only for 36℃

16. Non-inverting operational Amplifier with
variable gain and filtering
5
6
7
84
U2:B
LM358
C1
220n
R7
3k
C2
4.7uf
U2:B(V+)
U2:B(V-)
R7(2)
V=3.5843
R7(1)
V=4.65971
R5
37.455k
R6
10k
R10
10k
R1
10k
R1(1)
Volts
+3.58
• This circuit input voltage comes from first
differential op amp.
• There are different kinds of internal noise
creates in across the resistor and other circuit
equipment.
• For eliminating such kind of noise, we use a
first order low pass filter.
• A low-pass filter is a filter that passes signals
with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff
frequency and attenuates signals with
frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency.

17. Analog Frontend of wearable temperature
sensor realization.
3
2
1
84
U2:A
LM358
R1
10k
R2
10k
R3
10k
5
6
7
84
U2:B
LM358
C1
220n
R7
3k
C2
4.7u
R8
43.7646k
R9
10k
U2:B(V+)
R1(1)
U2:B(V-)
+88.8
Volts
R7(2)
U2:A(+IP)
R7(1)
R5
37.455k
R6
10k
R10
10k
 The first is a differential amplifier, which is the
sum of Signal, Noise and Vref consisting of the
resistor network (R2 to R8)
 The second subsection basically consists of a low
pass filter (R3 and C1). The third subsection is a
non-inverting amplifier (R6, R5, U2: B) which
amplifies the input filtered signal with a fixed
gain (Au).
 Since we are in the low frequency range, the
amplifier’s gain could be considered as constant.
 Slew Rate (0.3V/us), Bandwidth (20MHz),
 Open loop voltage gain and its frequency
dependence.

18. Full circuit diagram of proposed system
RA0/AN0
2
RA1/AN1
3
RA2/AN2/VREF-
4
RA4/T0CKI
6
RA5/AN4/SS
7
RE0/AN5/RD
8
RE1/AN6/WR
9
RE2/AN7/CS
10
OSC1/CLKIN
13
OSC2/CLKOUT
14
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
16
RC2/CCP1
17
RC3/SCK/SCL
18
RD0/PSP0
19
RD1/PSP1
20
RB7/PGD
40
RB6/PGC
39
RB5
38
RB4
37
RB3/PGM
36
RB2
35
RB1
34
RB0/INT
33
RD7/PSP7
30
RD6/PSP6
29
RD5/PSP5
28
RD4/PSP4
27
RD3/PSP3
22
RD2/PSP2
21
RC7/RX/DT
26
RC6/TX/CK
25
RC5/SDO
24
RC4/SDI/SDA
23
RA3/AN3/VREF+
5
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
15
MCLR/Vpp/THV
1
U1
PIC16F877
D7
14
D6
13
D5
12
D4
11
D3
10
D2
9
D1
8
D0
7
E
6
RW
5
RS
4
VSS
1
VDD
2
VEE
3
LCD1
LM016L
SW1(NO)
BUZ1
BUZZER
R4
10k
Volts
+5.00
SW1
SW-SPST
D4
LED-GREEN
SW3(NC)
SW3(NO)
SW3
SW-SPDT
RXD
RTS
TXD
CTS
A K
D3
LED-RED
A K
D5
LED-YELLOW
3
2
1
84
U2:A
LM358
36.0
3
1
VOUT
2
U3
LM35
R1
10k
R2
10k
U3(+VS)
R3
10k
5
6
7
84
U2:B
LM358
C1
220n
R7
3k
C2
4.7u
R8
43.7646k
R9
10k
U2:B(V+)
?
U2:B(V-)
Volts
+0.36
Volts
+0.98
R7(2)
V=3.59187
U2:A(+IP)
V=0.181245
R7(1)
V=4.66954
R5
37.455k
R6
10k
R10
10k
18

19. Simulation result with respect to Analog or digital thermometer.
LM35 Sensor
Temperature
LM35 Output
Voltage
Voltage After SSC Convert Celsius to
Fahrenheit
Actual Temperature
Display
Accuracy Standard
(0.5°C or 0.9°F) and
Precise Difference
25° C 0.25 V 2.5099 V 77° F 77.02°F 0.02°F
26°C 0.26 V 2.60827 V 78.8°F 78.88°F 0.08°F
27°C 0.27 V 2.70663 V 80.6°F 80.64°F 0.04°F
28°C 0.28 V 2.80499 V 82.4°F 82.4°F 0°F
29°C 0.29 V 2.90335 V 84.2°F 84.49°F 0.29°F
30°C 0.30 V 3.00171 V 86°F 86.02°F 0.02°F
31°C 0.31 V 3.10007 V 87.8°F 87.8°F 0°F
32°C 0.32 V 3.19843 V 89.6°F 89.54°F 0.06°F
33°C 0.33 V 3.29679 V 91.4°F 91.4°F 0°F
34°C 0.34 V 3.39515 V 93.2°F 93.2°F 0°F
35°C 0.35 V 3.49351 V 95°F 95.01°F 0.01°F
36°C 0.36 V 3.59187 V 96.8°F 96.8°F 0°F
37°C 0.37 V 3.69023 V 98.6°F 98.54°F 0.06°F
38°C 0.38 V 3.78859 V 100.4°F 100.3°F 0.1°F
39°C 0.39 V 3.88695 V 102.2°F 102.05°F 0.15°F
40°C 0.40 V 3.98531 V 104°F 104.01°F 0.1°F
41°C 0.41 V 4.08367 V 105.8°F 105.86°F 0.06°F
42°C 0.42 V 4.18203 V 107.6°F 107.62°F 0.02°F
43°C 0.43 V 4.28039 V 109.4°F 109.38°F 0.02°F
44°C 0.44 V 4.37875 V 111.2°F 111.14°F 0.06°F
45°C 0.45 V 4.47711 V 113°F 112.90°F 0.1°F
19

20. Proposed wearable temperature sensor [source
internet]
20

21. Hardware Implementation
• Proteous Simulation
• Circuit Debug in Breadboard
• PIC Micro controller board.
• LM35 Sensor
• GMS module
• Mobile for receiving message
• DC Power Source

22. Measurement Results
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Measured Temperature Value in 3 Different Body locations Compared with Existing Digital
Thermometer Measurement
Average Digital Tharmometer Sensor temperature in Wrist Sensor temperature in Shoulder Sensor temperature in Armpit
22

23. Temperature Data in Mobile
23

24. Conclusion
 The proposed system can give us precise child body temperature.
 This system focused on real time continuous temperature measurement.
 This System may give us alarm before happening febrile convulsion.
 Data can be stored for long time use.
 In future the whole system can be controlled from mobile Apps.
24

25. Future Work
 Small package PCB device.
 Then I would like to integrate the whole circuitry in one small package which can be
wearable.
 Can continuously collect discrete temperature and also storage data in mobile apps.
 Real time health monitoring system used in ECG electrodes
 Blood pressure sensor, blood glucose sensor, testing for Diabetes monitor the
patient’s health.
 It can be possible to develop a system for heart beat sensor and pulse oximetry sensor
which will be also used to measure a patient's blood-oxygen saturation level and
pulse rate.
25

26. References
[1] Robinson, R. "Editorial: Febrile convulsions, further reassuring news about prognosis. 1991." British
Medical Journal 303: 1345-1346.
[2] Commission on Epidemiology and Prognosis, International League Against Epilepsy. "Guidelines
for epidemiologic studies on epilepsy." Epilepsia 34, no. 4 (1993).
[3] J.k.NMazima, M. Kisangiri. D. Machuve: “Design of Low Cost Blood Pressure and Body
Temperature Interface”, International Journal of Emerging Science& Engineering. ISSN: 2319-6378,
Volume-1, Issue-10, August 2013.
[4] S. Sim, et al: “A nonintrusive temperature measuring system for estimating deep body temperature
in bed”, in Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2012 Annual International
Conference of the IEEE, 2012, pp. 3460-3463.
[5] SarunS.Chkajorn ,KosomChaitaon: “Field Test Studies Of Our Infrared-Based Human Temperature
Screening System Embedded With A Parallel Measurement” Approach, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand,
52 (2009), pp. 119–123.
[6] TonnyHeng Yew Ling, Lim Jin Wong, Jocelyn Ee Hung Tan, Kwong Yao Kiu, “Non-Intrusive
Human Body Temperature Acquisition and Monitoring System”, 2015 6th International Conference on
Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation.
[7] Alam, Mohammad Wajih, Tanin Sultana, and Mohammad Sami Alam. "A Heartbeat and
Temperature Measuring System for Remote Health Monitoring using Wireless Body Area Network."
International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Technology 8, no. 1 (2016): 171-190.
26

27. Thank you
Q&A
27