Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Organisms

Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Organisms
Discuss the differences and similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
In the past it was thought that you could not get anymore different than plants and animals. Both the
plantae and animalia kingdoms, as well as the fungi and protista kingdoms are comprised of
eukaryotic organisms, whether they are multi or unicellular, which have more in common with each
other than they do with the members of the final kingdom, the prokaryotes. The word prokaryote
roughly translated from Greek means ''before a kernel'', references to the fact that prokaryotes lack a
membrane bound nucleus, where as eukaryotes (meaning true nucleus) do, which is the major
difference between the two different types of cell other than their sizes. (Brooker et al, 2014)
The nucleus of eukaryotic cells is usually takes up between 10–20% of the cell volume, and it's
primary function is to protect the genetic material stored as linear, often diploid chromosomes, as
well as the production of ribosome subunits (Brooker et al, 2014). The majority of the cells genetic
material is stored in the nucleus which is surrounded the double membraned nuclear envelope, while
extra genetic material is stored within mitochondria and chloroplasts so they have the ability to
replicate independently of the cells. The double membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer
which links to the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm, which consists of cytosol (the site
of metabolic pathways) and the other
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Prokaryotes Vs Eukaryotes
Organisms are all over the place. There are two specific types of organisms that are specifically
common on earth.They are the Eukaryotes and prokaryotes cells. Both the prokaryotic and
eukaryotic are found where there is life. They have similarities as well as differences. Both are very
complex and well structured. Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic are important because they are literally all
over the place.
Eukaryotic are the earliest organisms on Earth. There are two major kinds of prokaryotic. The two
are bacteria and archaea. Prokaryote cell is a single celled organism that does not have a membrane
bound nucleus or membrane–bound organelle. All Prokaryotic cells contain large quantities of
generic material in the form of DNA is found in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other structures endowed with with membranes.
Any living organism that isn't my bacteria or archaea Eukaryotic. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists
are eukaryotic. All cells have a nucleus, genetic material, plasma membrane and cytoplasm
including cytoskeleton. Cells have other membrane bound internal structures names organelles.
Organelles include mitochondria, golgi bodies lysosomes, vesicles, and endoplasmic reticulum.
Even though prokaryotes or eukaryotes deal with different organisms, they do have some
similarities. They both have a genetic material and they both have the same kind. They both have
DNA as their genetic material. They have similar basic metabolism. Both also have a similarity in
their structure. Both also have ribosomes. So even though these two cells seem completely different
they do have similarities. Just as Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic have similarities they also have
differences. Eukaryotes have a nucleus while prokaryotic don't. Another thing Eukaryotes have that
Prokaryotes don't is a membrane bound organelles. The DNA of Eukaryotes is more extensive and
complex. The DNA of prokaryotes floats freely around the cell while the DNA of Eukaryotes is held
in the nucleus. They both deal with different types of living

Prokaryotic Cells Essay
Prokaryotic Cells
All living things are made of cells, and cells are the smallest units that can be alive. Life on Earth is
classified into five kingdoms, and they each have their own characteristic kind of cell. However the
biggest division is between the cells of the prokaryote kingdom (monera, the bacteria) and those of
the other four kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi and protoctista), which are all eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells, and do not have a nucleus.
Prokaryotic means 'pre–nucleus' and eukaryotic means 'true nucleus'. The nucleus in eukaryotic cells
contains the DNA in linear chromosomes and is bounded by a nuclear membrane, but since ... Show
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The cell membrane is made of phospholipids and proteins, like eukaryotic membranes, and controls
the entry and exit of substances into and out of the cell. The mesosome is a tightly folded region of
the cell membrane containing all the membrane–bound proteins required for respiration and
photosynthesis. The flagellum is a rigid rotating helical–shaped tail used for propulsion. The motor
is embedded in the cell membrane and is driven by a H+ gradient across the membrane. A clockwise
rotation drives the cell forwards, while an anticlockwise rotation causes a chaotic spin. This is an
example of a rotating motor in nature. The prokaryotic flagellum does not have the same the same
structure as eukaryotic flagellum. The cytoplasm contains all the enzymes needed for all metabolic
reactions, since there are no organelles. Nutrients and reserves may be stored in the cytoplasm in the
form of granules of glycogen, lipids, polyphosphate, or in some cases, sulphur or nitrogen. The
ribosomes are for protein synthesis just like eukaryotic ribosomes but they are smaller than
eukaryotic ribosomes. Plasmids are small circles of DNA, which carry additional genes and are used
to exchange DNA between bacterial cells. DNA is always circular, and not associated with any
proteins to form chromatin, it carries the genes for the proteins the cell needs. Prokaryotic cells do
not have membrane bound organelles, like

Eukaryotic Cell Vs Prokaryotic Twins
In some cases thing can have similar parts but can be totally different. An example of that are twins.
Twins maybe look and act the same but there is something about them that are different so that you
can tell them apart. I want to think of the eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cells as twin. Why do I say
that? It is because they have some of the same but, have things that they have so you can tell them
apart.
The eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cells are alike in many ways, Some ways they are alike is that
they have DNA as their genetic material , membrane bound, have ribosomes, similar basic
metabolism, and amazingly diverse in forms. This is the twin like feature that they have. The
eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cells differ in way to

Prokaryotic Organisms: Essential to Agriculture and the...
With the significant increase in global human population in recent decades, the pressure for groups
of people to produce enough food and energy for everyone to consume while ensuring that these
resources remain sustainable and replaceable has likewise dramatically increased. While the first
several challenges produced by the rise on population were met with advances in technology,
notably the Green Revolution, the continued growth of the population has placed further strains on
the fields of agricultural, food, energy/environment, and biotechnology. Prokaryotic organisms,
which are single– or small numbered–cell organisms that lack nuclei in their cells are essential to
these fields because they provide a mechanism for current resources to ... Show more content on
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If the fruit is improperly labeled, hazardous consequences may arise. Furthermore, genetically
modified foods have not existed for long enough for long–term studies to be conducted on the
effects of their consumption. With the addition of genes that arise from different organisms, there is
always a risk that the gene will result in misfolded proteins or proteins that serve a different purpose
from the desired effect. As with exposures such as tanning or smoking, the effects of these behaviors
may not be seen until several decades later, leaving consumers at risk (Fernandez–Cornejo).
Environmental biotechnology includes the fields of bioremediation (cleaning up environments that
have been contaminated), pollution abatement (reducing and eliminating air, water, and other
pollution sources as a result of existing industrial technology), and continuing to make chemicals
and biofuels that are renewable and green. Because bioremediation is inexpensive and can provide
the proper environment and nutrients for the prokaryotic organisms that are used, the technology has
been widely explored to clean up heavy metals (lead mercury, selenium, etc.), nuclear waste, and
oil. In order for the bioremediation treatment to be effective, environmental engineers must be able
to maintain favorable conditions for prokaryotic growth, usually by keeping the environment moist
and full of oxygen. When conditions may be difficult to maintain, the microorganisms may be
"seeded" by

Comparing Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells
1. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Be sure to address cell structure,
replication (including DNA replication) and gene expression.
The cell structure of prokaryotic organisms is small, only about 1–10 microns in length, and they are
also single celled. Prokaryotes contain circular DNA which is held in the nucleoid because they lack
a nucleus. The specific organisms that have circular DNA are: mitochondrial, bacterial (eubacteria),
and Archaea (Methanobacteria, Halobacteria, and sulfobacteria). Prokaryotes have no membrane–
bound organelles because they have no organelles. Their ribosomal subunits are 50S and 30S which
come to equal 70S, and their plasma membrane does not contain sterols. In prokaryotes, there is one
large vacuole per cell which takes up 50–90% of cell and serves as a reservoir for water; this helps
hold turgor pressure in plants. Prokaryotes also cannot go through endo– or exocytosis, and their
cell wall is made of peptidoglycan. The replication properties of prokaryotes includes Theta Mode
Replication, in which there is only a single origin of replication, but two replication forks. The
Okazaki Frangments are 1000–2000 base pairs in length, and the formation of the cell plate is done
by the phragmosome. Proteins and RNA help the DNA to fold proteins because prokaryotes do not
have histones. Transcription and translation occur simultaneously because prokaryotes have no
plasma membrane, therefore no posttranscriptional modifications

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Cells are the basic building block of life. Cells can be either Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic cells.
Organism can only contain either one but not both of them. Prokaryotic cells are usually much
smaller than Eukaryotic and are less complex. Bacteria are made up of one or more prokaryotic
cells. Bacteria are made up of one or more prokaryotic cells. While Eukaryotic cell are found inside
plant and animal life. Eukaryotic are more advanced and larger. Prokaryotic cell were the first to live
on earth they appeared around 3.5 billion year ago and the Eukaryotic appear around 2.1 billion year
after (Campbell Essential Biology, 2012). The eukaryotic structure consists of the following
organelle which includes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The salivary gland in your mouth is rich in ER (Campbell Essential Biology, 2012). The Golgi
apparatus receives, refines, stores, and distributes chemical product of the cell Campbell Essential
Biology,2012) . There are many organelles that appear in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The
flagella are variously involved in movement, feeding and sensation. The thylakoid

Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
There are two basic types of cells, prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. The main difference
between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. The nucleus is
where cells store their DNA, which is the genetic material. The nucleus is surrounded by a
membrane. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Instead, their DNA floats around inside the cell.
Organisms with prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes. All prokaryotes are single–celled
(unicellular) organisms. Bacteria and Archaea are the only prokaryotes. Organisms with eukaryotic
cells are called eukaryotes. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes. All multicellular
organisms are eukaryotes. Eukaryotes may also be single–celled.
Both prokaryotic and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some eukaryotic species have just a few chromosomes, others have close to 100 or more. These
chromosomes are protected within the nucleus. In addition to a nucleus, eukaryotic cells include
other membrane–bound structures called organelles. Organelles allow eukaryotic cells to be more
specialized than prokaryotic cells. Pictured below are the organelles of eukaryotic cells (Figure
below), including the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. These will be
discussed in additional concepts.
Organelles of a eukaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and various other special compartments surrounded by
membranes, called organelles. The nucleus is where the DNA (chromatin) is stored. Organelles give
eukaryotic cells more functions than prokaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic cells (Figure below) are usually smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells. They do not
have a nucleus or other membrane–bound organelles. In prokaryotic cells, the DNA, or genetic
material, forms a single large circle that coils up on itself. The DNA is located in the main part of
the

Why We Study the Cell and Its Components.
Why We Study the Cell and Its Components
The cell is the most basic form of life essentially. Anything that is living fundamentally is composed
of cells. We study the cell because it is the simplest unit of all living organisms and to begin
understanding life, we must realize the cell's structure, whether it is about the different types of cells
or how the cell functions. Biology is the study of life and for the human species; the cell is the most
basic principle of life, which is why it is so important to understand the complexities of cells.
There are two basic categories of that all cells fall under. They are prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic
cells. Prokaryotic cells are single–celled organisms that include bacteria and archaea. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Without understanding the composition of the cell, how would we know where to look or start to
combat the viruses and bacteria that kills the life of the human species? That is why it is so critical
to our population to further our knowledge of cellular biology. The future of the human species, as
well as, every living species known is depending on the research of cells. The better we can
understand what makes up the cell

The Between Prokaryotic And Evolution Of Cells And...
Essay topic: Symbioses between Prokaryotic cells that happened approximately 2 billion years ago
are thought to be at the origin of Eukaryotes. But mutually dependent symbioses continue to be
established at the cellular and organism levels. Read the section on the origin of Eukaryotes in the
unit's prescribed textbook and use the reference below to research and describe the importance of
symbioses in the origin and evolution of cells and organisms with novel capabilities.
Student and ID
Symbiosis refers to the close, mutually beneficial association between two or more different
biological species, which enables these species to undergo organismal evolution and variation in an
assortment of ways (Takahiro, Yoshiko, Naruo, Manabu, Nori, Takema 2016). Symbiosis comes in
three main forms of interaction; mutualistic, communalistic and parasitic. (10). The endosymbiont
theory refers to the collection of principles that models the origins of the mitochondrion, which
commenced with the engulfing of a bacterium by an archaeon (2). Such an establishment at cellular
and organism levels is of high importance for environmental, agricultural and human health (3). The
origins of Eukaryotic cells and its evolution, as well as the novel capabilities of certain cells and
organisms as a result of symbiosis is increasingly being recognised as an applied importance and
hence will be the key focus of this essay.
The three main forms of symbiosis
The endosymbiont theory
Chloroplasts belong to

The Function Of Prokaryotic Cells
The above diagram shows a prokaryotic cell. These cells have a simple cell structure and are thought
to have been the first cells to have appeared on earth (Clark, 1998). Most prokaryotic cells are
single–celled and none are found in living animals, it is mainly bacteria or algae that it is found in.
The chemicals and enzymes are contained in the cytoplasm and are used for the cells growth. The
cytoplasm is a jellylike mixture that is packaged into the membrane that forms the cell boundary.
This cell does not contain a nucleus. The DNA is also attached to the plasma membrane. As you can
see from the diagram above the eukaryotes cells are much larger than the prokaryotic cells, are more
evolved and have a much more complicated structure. They are what makeup living things such as
animals and plants. Unlike the prokaryotic cells, they contain a nucleus surrounded by nucleoplasm
within its own membrane. Surrounding the membrane is cytoplasm. The eukaryotic cells are able to
perform functions by the action of internal structures called organelles, which coordinate the cell
chemistry, creating and exporting the products created by the cell. The organelles also have the
ability to contain the cell components enabling the cells reactions to be more efficient. They also
have the ability to remove hazardous chemicals preventing them from destroying the cell from
within. Looking at the above diagram of a palisade cell you can see that it contains a unique
structure. The cell wall is

Cell : The Life Cycle Of The Cell And Prokaryotic Cell
The cell cycle is the lifespan of the cell from the time it is formed until it divides into two daughter
cells. Cell division is the continuity of life based upon the reproduction of the cell. The genetic
information that a cell contains is called the cell's genome. Prokaryotic cells consist of only one
genetic molecule. While eukaryotic cells consist of many genetic molecules, or DNA. Chromosomes
are the structures that DNA is packed into, this makes replication and distribution of so much DNA
easy to occur. All in all, the overall complex of DNA and the proteins that are the building blocks of
the chromosomes is most often referred to as chromatin. Somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes, or
23 sets of two because one set is inherited from one parent, while the other set comes from the other
parent. Somatic cells are also all the cells inside the body excluding the reproductive cells.
Reproductive cells, or gametes, have half as many chromosomes as somatic cells, or one set of 23
chromosomes in humans. Sister chromatids are within duplicated chromosomes, by definition they
are joined copies of the original chromosome. Each sister chromatid has a centromere, or a region
containing specific DNA sequences where the chromatid is attached most closely to its sister.
Mitosis is the division of genetic material within the nucleus. Mitosis is almost always followed by
cytokinesis, or the division of cytoplasm.
Within the cell cycle, mitosis is just one phase. Mitotic phase consists of both mitosis and
cytokinesis and is characterized by being the shortest phase. Interphase, is a much longer phases and
is often divided into subphases: G1 phases, S phase, and the G2 phase. Within all 3 phases, the cell
eventually divides because of the production of proteins and cytoplasmic organelles. Mitosis is
broken down into 5 phases: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Centrosomes, or the subcellular region that contains material that functions throughout the cell cycle
in order to appropriately organize cellular microtubules. An aster is a radial array of short
microtubules that extend from the centromere. Each sister chromatid consists of a kinetochore, or a
structure made up of proteins that have

Describe The Relationship Between Organelles And Eukaryotes
a.
Firstly, the cytoskeleton is one of the many membrane bound organelles which is only found in
eukaryotic cells and not prokaryotic counterparts. The cytoskeleton is a series of proteins within the
cell which provides the cell with shape and support. The cytoskeleton also mediates some aspects of
movement by helping the cell move in its environment and by controlling the movement of other
cell components. A second organelle which eukaryotes possess and prokaryotes do not possess
includes the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus initiates Golgi bodies towards modifying, sorting,
and packaging macromolecules for cell secretion (also known as exocytosis). The Golgi bodies also
modify and regulate proteins which are provided by the ER. In ... Show more content on
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Some the evidence for this theory include the mitochondria and plastids which can be identified in a
eukaryot; however, prokaryotes originally also have the same functional capabilities as the
mitochondria, as well as plastids. Perhaps the mitochondria's development is simply a result of
condensing the process of energy creation into a single organelle and the development of plastids
was a result of prokaryotes also being capable of completing a similar task; however, felt the need
for condensing this task into a single

Is The Concept Of Prokaryotic Valid And Useful Or...
Is the concept of prokaryotes valid and useful or fundamentally flawed? Since the establishment of
the basic concept of classification of organisms by Carl Linnaeus (Encyclopaedia Britannica) and
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, various ideas and concepts have been suggested. After being
repeatedly reviewed by a number of experts, some of them are accepted and this has enabled
scientists to classify organisms, to recognise the connections between them despite of different
physical appearance and to improve the understanding of evolutionary relationship between them.
However, as time goes by and technology develops, the unknown aspects of organisms are being
discovered and it arises several controversial points regarding the concepts and the principle of
taxonomy. This essay will address one of those controversies, the validity of the concept of
prokaryotes. Humankind needed a guideline in order to comprehend the nature of organisms. For
that reason, scientists began to arrange organisms formally into groups called taxa. Ernst Mayr
defined taxon as a single taxonomic group of any level that is unique and independent from other
groups. (Mayr, 1981) Since then, several diverse hypotheses were suggested and majority of
scientists agreed to classify organisms into two major domains, eukaryotes and prokaryotes. At that
time, the principle of two domains seemed to be fairly reasonable and was widely accepted amongst
scientists. Since then, the same definitions for those two

Escherichia Cell Biology
the name "karyo" means denoting the nucleus of a cell. the components of the cell membrane are
phospholipids, glycolipids, proteins, and cholesterol. the fluid mosaic model represents how some
parts of the membrane can move freely, if they are not attached to other parts of the cell. some
examples of living organisms that have prokaryotic cells. escherichia cell bacterium, streptococcus
bacterium (this prokaryote is responsible for strep throat) is an infection of the back of the throat
which includes the tonsils. symptoms include, fever, red tonsils, sore throat and enlarged lymph
notes in the neck. streptomyces soil bacteria, over 500 of this type of bacteria have been described.
they are mostly found in soil and decaying vegetation, with most producing spores. Archaea, they're
able to survive in very harsh environments. they can be found in geothermally actve areas and live
in extremely acidic mud pots. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
eukaryotic cells cell type is usually multicellular while prokaryotic cell is usually unicellular,
eukaryotic cell true membrane bound nucleus is present, prokaryotic cell's true bound nucleus is
absent. examples of a eukaryotic cell are plants and animals. prokaryotic cells's examples are
bacteria and archaea. eukaryotic cells genetic recombination is meiosis & fusion of gametes,
prokaryotic cells genetic recombination is partial, undirectional transfers DNA, eukaryotic cells
lysosomes and peroxisomes are present while prokaryotic cell lysosomes and peroxisomes are
absent, eukaryotic cells microtubules are present, prokaryotic cells microtubules are absent,
eukaryotic cell endoplasmic reticulum is present, prokaryotic cell endoplasmic reticulum is absent
and eukaryotic cells cytoskeleton is present while prokaryotic cells cytoskeleton may be

Bacterial Bacteria ( Cook Et ) System Are Found Throughout...
Bacterial toxin–antitoxin [TA] system are found throughout the prokaryotic kingdom (Cook et al.
2013; Bertram & Schuster 2014). The TA system plays a very important role in stress conditions that
prevail in environments unfavorable for growth, for ex. amino acid starvation, higher/lower
temperatures, pH, oxidative stress, etc. (Yamaguchi et al. 2011; Van Melderen & Saavedra De Bast
2009). TA systems are not essential for general bacterial growth. However, the bacterium
continuously produces them investing a lot of energy. They are bicistronic elements that encode i) A
toxin: A protein that negatively interferes with vital cellular functions in bacteria and ii) An antitoxin
: A protein or an RNA molecule that keeps this toxin in check (Goeders & Van Melderen 2013).
Both toxin and antitoxin are produced together however, toxin is more stable than antitoxin.
Antitoxin therefore, is produced continuously to keep the effect of toxin in check (Gerdes &
Maisonneuve 2012; Park et al. 2013). The toxin is known to effect bacterial functioning at variety of
actions like cleaving DNA (Kunin & Ouzounis 2003; Pandey & Gerdes 2005) and RNA (Muñoz–
Gómez et al. 2004; Yamaguchi & Inouye 2009), inhibition of ATP synthesis (Unoson & Wagner
2008), phosphorylation of proteins(Schumacher et al. 2009), etc.
There are three types of TA system (Yamaguchi et al. 2011) represented in Fig 1 (Park et al. 2013).
In type I TA system mRNA antitoxin is cotranscribed with an mRNA for toxin. Antitoxin mRNA

Similarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And...
The terms 'eukaryote' and 'prokaryote' were introduced Edouard Chatton in 1925 (Chatton, 1925,
cited in Sapp, 2005). Eukaryotes, according to the online Oxford Dictionaries is a cell in which
DNA is arranged in chromosomes that are "contained within a distinct nucleus". The name
prokaryotes is also defined by the Oxford dictionary as an organism that does not contain a 'distinct
nucleus with a membrane'. These two terms highlighted a very important difference between the two
cells; eukaryotic cells had a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane but the prokaryotes did not.
The following essay seeks to compare and contrast typical prokaryotic cells to typical eukaryotic
cells.
Cells can be organised into three domains as stated by Embley and Williams (2015): Bacteria,
Archaea and eukaryotes (Eukarya). This is based on the findings of Carl Woesse, who in 1985,
discovered three domains in which all cellular life on Earth can be sorted using their ribosomal RNA
sequencing. Woesse introduced the domains as Bacteria, Eukarya and Archaea as a basis for a more
accurate form of classification as opposed to the five–kingdom taxonomy (Woesse et al. 1990).
From a Last Universal Common Ancestor, the Bacteria and the Eukaryotes were thought to have
evolved separately. From the Eukarya branch, Archaea branches out. We can use this to make the
assumption that all life arose from said LUCA, Archaea are more closely related to Eukaryotes than
they are to Bacteria, although morphologically,

Eukaryotic And Prokaryotic Of Cells
There are two major groups that cells can be grouped into to. These are eukaryotic and prokaryotic
cells. All eukaryotic cells contain a plasma membrane, as well as cytoplasm and organelles such as
mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, ribosomes, a
nucleus which is surrounded by a double membrane known as the nuclear envelope, and secretory
vesicles. There are some eukaryotic cells which contain more organelles as well as theses. Some
eukaryotic cells, specifically in plants, have chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are organelles that contain
stacks of granum known as thylakoid stacks. The granum contains chlorophyll, and the first stage of
photosynthesis occurs here. Some eukaryotic cells contain centrioles, which are strands of protein
involved in the process of mitosis and meiosis. Pant cells have a cell wall made from cellulose. This
prevents the cell from bursting from too much water uptake via osmosis. Fungi do not have
chloroplasts. They do have a cell wall like plant cells, but whereas the cell walls in the plant cells are
made from cellulose, the cell wall in a fungal cell is made from chitin. This is a polymer made from
N–acetylglucosamine. Prokaryote is the name of a kingdom for organisms, and all bacteria fall into
this kingdom. The prokaryote kingdom is enormous, and prokaryotes are found in every known
habitat on the planet. Bacteria are very useful, they can be used in biomedical sciences to help
develop medicines, and

DETAILED DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUKARYOTIC AND
PROKARYOTIC CELLS
DETAILED DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUKARYOTIC AND PROKARYOTIC CELLS
Cells are divided into two categories namely the Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. These two have
varying differences between them. Speaking in simple cell biology words, prokaryotes are primitive,
simple organisms that lack membranous cell organelles. The opposite of this are eukaryotes, which
are advanced and complex organisms having membrane bound cell organelles. Seemingly simple in
structure and markedly different from eukaryote and protist organisms, prokaryotic cells are
believed to have been amongst the first on the Earth and very well may out–survive all other
organisms. Examples of prokaryotes are bacteria and archaea and eukaryotes include fungi, animal
and plant cells. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The resulting haploid gametes fuse to give a diploid cell.
Prokaryotes are generally able to carry out their life processes of growth, energy generation and
reproduction independently of other cells which is very different to the cells of eukaryotes which are
unable to live alone in nature and can exist only as part of a multicellular organism. Most eukaryotic
cells are uniquely suited to their own particular environmental niche and rarely grows out of it, but
prokaryotes i.e. bacteria can grow in a multiplicity of environments ranging from hot sulphur
springs (65°C) to deep freezers (–20°C) and also in nutritionally poor environment. A major
difference in chemical composition between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that eukaryotes have
sterols in their membranes (e.g. cholesterol) whereas the plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells does
not contain carbohydrates and generally lacks sterols. In prokaryotic cells the enzymes,
topoisomerases, that control topological changes in DNA architecture are different from their
eukaryotic counterparts (act on linear Chromosomes). The cytoplasm of prokaryotes is densely
packed with ribosomes that are not associated with a membranous structure ie endoplasmic
reticulum whilst in eukaryotic cells the ribosomes can either be free lying or bound to the
endoplasmic reticulum.
Prokaryotes maintain their DNA in a supercoiled state by the combined

The Differences Between Eukaryotic And Prokaryotic Cells
Organisms are made up of cells which were considered as the basic unit of life. After the invention
of microscope, Robert Hooke first discovered cells by looking at a dead cell from an oak tree. His
finding brought the study of cell biology. According to the cell theory formulated by lots of
scientists, all living organisms are composed of at least one cell which is the basic unit of life, and
all cells come from pre–existing living cells.
Cell is a wide type of substance that have variations between species and species, for example a
plant cell contains a cell wall which is absent in most animal cells. Scientists had been trying to
classify all organisms into different groups. Current classification system is the three domains and
six kingdoms which the three domain divides organisms based on the ribosomal RNA they
contained in the cells. The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya which the first two are
made up of prokaryotic cells and Eukarya is made up of eukaryotic cells. This essay will focus on
the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
To start with, the first eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell appeared at different time mainly because to
their requirements for survive. At first the condition of the Earth was not suitable for any organism,
for example lack of organic molecules. After the modification of the Earth environment, the
prokaryotic cells in single–celled organisms were believed to arise 3.5 billion years before. The
oldest fossils of

Similarities Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells
Cells are the most basic unit of life known in the world today. While they are basic and small, they
come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Two key cell types include prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Both living cell types work to form every living organism in the environment. However, prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells hold many key factors that differentiate them from one another. These key
differences include shape, domain, transportation, division as well as many other structural and
functional differences. While these cells are different in most structural and functional factors there
are many minute similarities to all cells. Despite sharing an evolutionary relationship, prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells differ in factors such as size and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over time one prokaryotic cell engulfed another and formed a symbiotic relationship. Scientists
believe that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from these ancestors and have since become a
part of most cells. The fact that these two organelles contain a separate set of DNA supports the
scientists theory. Scientist also believe that as these prokaryotes were engulfed they were surrounded
by membrane that never dissolved. Furthermore, this idea is supported by the fact that mitochondria
and chloroplasts have a double membrane. The structures of these two organelles are similar to that
of a prokaryotic cell. Both structures contain an exterior membrane, DNA, and no membrane bound
organelles. In addition, the idea that prokaryotic cells do not contain mitochondria or chloroplast
helps prove that this idea could be

Why Do Prokaryotic Cells Cause Infection?
The type of organisms that can cause infection are predominately bacteria, the excessive buildup of
the single, yet simple prokaryotic cells can often lead to a virus. Due to them being so small as well
as being asexual producers, the virus cell finds a place in our body and waits. The cells wait for
when our immune system becomes weaker with an illness, our defense system already backed up
trying to fight off the other bad bacterial cells, before tricking one of your cells into thinking that it's
a virus cell by attaching itself into the regular, healthy cell, intrude into it and release its DNA. The
changed cell will now travel around, tricking other cells and multiplying, leading to a viral infection.
Bacteria cells can flourish and create

Compare The Structure Of Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells
Vicki Millard
Unit 10193 – Introduction to Cell Biology
1. Compare the structures of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
There are two different types of cells; prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Both cells have differences,
including the shape and size of the cell. Prokaryote cells are found in bacteria such as E–coli,
Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, whilst eukaryote cells are found in plants, animals and fungi.
Eukaryotic cells have many components which lead to the cell having a much more complex
structure and are larger in size, measuring between 10 and 100 micrometres in diameter. Prokaryotic
cells, on the other hand, are much smaller, measuring between 0.2 and 2 micrometres and having a
much simpler structure. The two cells share similarities such as; containing DNA, ribosomes and
cytoplasms. According to Bassett, "The ribosomes are "told," what kind of protein to make and
when to make it via the direction of the DNA." [Bassett. Dawsonera.com. P. 83. 2005.] DNA in a
prokaryotic cell is described to be a single circular chromosome, whereas the eukaryotic cell has
multiple linear chromosomes. However, the main comparison between the two cells is that the
eukaryotic cell contains a nucleus, whereas the prokaryotic cell lacks a nucleus.
Figure 1 – The Eukaryotic Cell (AQA GCSE Biology, P.86 – Woodward, C. Houghton, T. 2010)
Figure 2 – The Prokaryotic Cell (AQA GCSE Biology, P.88 – Woodward, C. Houghton, T. 2010)
2. Relate structure and function in two specialised

Eukaryotic Cells And Its Functions
"Eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller
and simpler, e.g. Bacteria" – (AQA 2008)
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane–bound organelles, whereas prokaryotic cells do not contain
these.
Although both of these cells contain DNA, only eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus. The nucleus is
the largest organelle, surrounded by a double membrane (nuclear envelope) containing lots of pores.
The nuclear membrane protects contents of the nucleus and controls the transport of substances in
and out. The nucleus contains linear DNA in chromatin which protects the DNA from damage.
Chromatin is formed of DNA which controls the activities of the cell. The nucleus often contains a
structure called the nucleolus. This structure produces ribosomes which enter the cytoplasm in the
cell through the nuclear pores, as well as transcribing DNA into RNA.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain nuclei. Instead of having a nucleus to carry the DNA, these cells
contain plasmids with circular DNA, as well as having most of the DNA float freely inside the
cytoplasm. The plasmids carry the information necessary to keep the cell alive. For example
including genes that make the bacteria cell resistant to antibiotics.
Both cells transcribe DNA into RNA in order to translate RNA and produce proteins on ribosomes.
Endoplasmic Reticulum is present in eukaryotic cells. There are two types of ER: Smooth and
rough. "This organelle is formed of a network of

Eukaryotic Cells
Cells are the basic components of all living things. Both the prokaryotic and the eukaryotic cell
contain a plasma membrane, a cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes. One of the main differences
between a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell is that a prokaryotic cell lacks a nucleus, (pro means
before and kary means nucleus) and it also lacks membrane–bound organelles. Instead of having a
nucleus, prokaryotes have a single chromosome. This chromosome is often referred to as a
gonophore. Due to prokaryotes being single celled, the inside of a prokaryotic cell is full of open
space, meaning they do not contain any membrane walls. The prokaryotic cell makes up all bacteria
and bacteria–like archaea (germs).
A basic prokaryotic cell is made up of nine parts. On the outside of the prokaryote is the fimbriae
(also known as the pili). Fimbriae are hair like structures that are ... Show more content on
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The plasma membrane is the outermost layer of a eukaryotic cell. It is made up of phospholipids and
proteins. The plasma membrane also functions as the selective boundary of the cell. Unlike a
prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell has a nucleus. The nucleus is responsible for the storage and the
protection of the DNA of the cell. Most eukaryotes possess a endomembrane system. The
endomembrane consists of a endoplasmic reticulum, the golgi apparatus, and vesicles. The
endomembrane makes lipids and membrane proteins and sends them where they need to go in the
cell. Mitochondria are important parts of eukaryotic cells because they transfer the energy needed
for the ATP from food molecules. Lastly, one of the major components of a eukaryotic cell is the
cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is made up of actin microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate
filaments. The cytoskeleton gives the structure of the eukaryotic cell support. It also assists with the
division of the cell and it controls cellular

Similarities Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells
Cells were divided into two, which are, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Examples of prokaryotic
cells are Bacteria and Archae, while the examples of eukaryotic cells are Protists, Fungi, plants and
animals. All cells share certain basic features, but the major difference between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells is their DNA. Thus, these two cells have different features on DNA transcription
and protein synthesis mechanisms. The general processes of transcription may be applied to both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells as their basic biochemistry was the same. But, they are differs in
their specific mechanisms and regulation of transcriptions. In all species, the process of
transcriptions begins with the binding of RNA polymerase complex to a special DNA sequence at
the beginning of the gene, which named promoter. The activation of RNA polymerase leads to
initiation of transcription and followed by elongation of transcription. And these two cells were
different in these elements. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In contrast, eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotes as their transcriptions process are
utilize by three different types of RNA polymerase. These polymerases differ in number and type of
subunits they contain and also the class of RNA they subscribe. RNA polymerase I, which located in
the nucleolus, transcribe ribosomal RNA (rRNA), RNA polymerase II, which located in the
nucleoplasm, transcribe messenger RNA (mRNA) and RNA polymerase III, which also located in
the nucleoplasm, transcribe both ribosomal and transfer RNA (tRNA). All eukaryotic RNA
polymerases are homologous to one another and to prokaryotic RNA

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Essay
Introduction
In this lab, we observed different prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and then we observed a termite
gut to see the different unicellular microorganisms that it contained. The purpose of this lab is to
observe living and prepared bacterial cells, then describe their morphology, observe and describe the
primary features of the eukaryotic cell, and to investigate and observe the organisms involved in a
symbiotic relationship. By observing these things, we are hoping to find out what we should expect
to see in yogurt bacteria. In order to predict this, we must first know the differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are organisms that do not have a cell nucleus, or
any other membrane–bound ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts, and plastids that are not present in the animal cell.
In this experiment, yogurt bacteria will be observed. Yogurt is a fermented milk product. The milk is
heated to concentrate the sugars, cooled, and then injected with two different species of bacteria. By
first observing bacterial smears, should be able to describe the species of bacteria in the yogurt. It is
predicted that all three morphological types of bacterial cells in the yogurt will be seen. Different
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells will also be examined. By examining these two different types of
cells one will also be able to describe the contents of a termite gut. It is predicted that the termite gut
will be made up of prokaryotic bacterial cells.
Materials and Methods
Part 1: Prokaryotic Cells
Materials needed for this part of the lab include: a prepared slide of a bacterial smear from the TA, a
microscope slide, a grease pencil, tap water, yogurt, a toothpick, methylene blue, electric slide
warmer, a beaker of distilled water, a cover slip, and a microscope.
First, take the prepared slide of bacterial smear and examined it under the microscope in order to
become familiar with the morphological types of bacteria. Once familiarized, initialed a microscope
slide with a grease pencil. Then, place a drop of tap water on the center of the slide. Next, pick up a
very small amount of

Prokaryotes And Archaea Similarities
INTRODUCTION
Definitions for Archaea vary, but what is commonly agreed upon is that these are some sort of
micro–organisms.
Some argue them to be their own distinct domain, whereas others think they are merely part of the
prokaryotic domain. However many see them as a evolutionary step in between, as prokaryotic
relatives to eukaryotes. (x) Since their evolutionary history remains very unclear, it is hard to
classify them belonging to a group of their own or belonging to either prokaryotes or eukaryotes.
In 1977, Woese suggested dividing cells into three new domains; archaea, eukaryotes and
prokaryotes. (x)
Before this cells were divided into two main groups: prokaryotic cells, and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their structural similarities are the reasoning behind why one might say that they belong to the
prokaryotic domain, being structurally very similar, especially on the first glance. The unique
properties will be discussed further later in this essay.
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN EUKARYOTES AND ARCHAEA
Though structurally, prokaryotic cells seem more similar to archaea than eukaryotic cells, yet when
one inspects their DNA, similarities between DNA replication, transcription and translation appear.
The DNA polymerase in archaea and eukaryotes are not related to any prokaryotic DNA
polymerase, suggesting that these two are of common origin. Other components used in DNA
replication are similarly only shared between eukaryotes and archaea (y). For example, the promoter
(the part of the DNA that initiates transcription), in archaebacteria has similar sequence and position
to its eukaryotic counterpart (x).
These characteristics were thought to be unique to eukaryotes, yet were found in archaea as well.
When so little is known about the evolutionary history of these organisms that constitute for the
basis of life on earth, categorising them becomes immensely hard.
UNIQUE

Eukaryotic Cells
There are two basic types of cells, eukaryotic cells, and prokaryotic cells. Within both cell types,
several differences and similarities exist. The main difference between the cell types is that
eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
This nucleus within eukaryotic cells is the place where cells store their genetic material (DNA)
(Cruz, n.d.). In contrast, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Instead, DNA within prokaryotic
cells simply floats around inside of the cell (Daempfle, 2016.). Moreover, in prokaryotic cells, the
DNA is bunched up in the center of the cell. Another difference between the eukaryotic cells and
prokaryotic cells is that in eukaryotic cells, membranes cover organelles, whereas, in prokaryotic
cells, organelles are not membrane covered (Harwood et al., 2018). ... Show more content on
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For instance, all cells have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes (Harwood et al.,
2018). Another similarity is that both cell types have a cell wall. This cell wall is the extra rigid
outermost covering of the cell and prevents cell dehydration (Harwood et al., 2018). In addition, the
cell wall also provides a typical shape for the cell. Such cell wall is present in all eukaryotic plant
cells and in all prokaryotic cells (Maharjan,

Comparing Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells
An prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell are different in many ways.A prokaryotic cell means a
microscopic single celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane,and
mitochondria,or an membrane bound organelle.The prokaryotic cell is like an apartment, it supports
the person with living space, but is small and simple at the same time.An eukaryotic cell is any
organism whoose cell contains an nucleus, and other membrane bond and organells.An example of
an eukaryotic cell is an mansion.An masion has a lot of rooms, they have differnt structures
meaning, and functions to them. Prokaryote and eukaryote is different from each other,although
their the same in some ways.
In the project I created an eukaryotic cell.There are disadvantages,and also advantages ... Show
Another advantage of being an eukaryotic cell is how it has an distinc place for a place for DNA,
instead of having free floating DNA like an prokaryotic cell.An eukaryotic cell is both an
disadvantage and advantage to many things.
For the project we had to pick a plant cell or an animal cell.Their structures has similarities, but also
many differences. An difference between an animal and plant cell is that an plant cell has a cell wall
for the outermost layer. Another difference is is an plant cell has an chloroplast, but an animal cell
does not. One thing an animal cell has instead of a plant cell has small vacuoles. Another example is
animals cells don't really have an structure that keeps them from moving, but in a plant cell the
structure is there from the cell wall. Plant and animal

Dna And The Creation And Proper Functioning Of Every...
DNA is like the blueprint for the creation and proper functioning of every living organism.
Organisms can sometimes be divided into prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Examples of prokaryotes and
eukaryotes include bacteria and humans, respectively. These organisms must possess a method of
replicating DNA, so a copy is provided for each cell that divides. Each cell's responsibility is
coordinated by the piece of DNA and thus, makes it a very valuable part of the cell and organism. So
what are the methods of replicating DNA in eukaryotes and prokaryotes? DNA replication in
prokaryotes consists of several enzymes and proteins which are responsible for different tasks, but
together make the process seem effortless. DNA replication in eukaryotes is similar, but more
complicated given that eukaryotic chromosomes are linear, possess more than one origin, and have
nucleosome structures which need to be replicated. Regardless, a technique named PCR, developed
by Kary Mullis, has the ability to "produce exponentially large amounts of a specific piece of DNA
from trace amounts of template DNA" (Bio–Rad). PCR has the ability to replicate DNA in
eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic replication and PCR both replicate DNA, so the similarities are
apparent in terms of methods, but there also appears to be subtle differences concerning the enzymes
and proteins utilized during each process. As stated previously, similarities are clearly apparent
between the prokaryotic replication and PCR. Before

Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Prokaryotes were the first organisms on earth. Millions of years later, eukaryotes would exist
through evolution. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are different in regards to structure and size.
Prokaryotic cells are not as complex as eukaryotic cells. To begin with, prokaryotic cells do not have
a nucleus. The DNA is enclosed in the capsule of the prokaryotic cell. In contrast, the eukaryotic cell
has a nucleus which contains the DNA. The eukaryotic cell is much larger than the prokaryotic cell.
The eukaryotic cell is roughly a thousand times the size of a prokaryotic cell (Singh–Cundy, A., &
Shin, G., 2015). The prokaryotic cell stores its DNA within the cytosol, inside the capsule. The
capsule protects the shape and structure of the cell. Inside the cell wall is the plasma membrane,
which contains the plasma membrane. Within the plasma membrane is the cytosol and ribosomes.
Attached to the cell is the flagellum. The flagellum is a whip–like tail that helps the cell move
(Singh–Cundy, A., & Shin, G., 2015). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are internal compartments and features within the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell.
Membrane–enclosed organelles perform specific tasks within the cell. As noted earlier, enclosed in
the nucleus is the DNA. The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubes and flattened sacs that is
connected to the nuclear envelop. Also located within the eukaryotic cell is the Golgi apparatus. The
Golgi apparatus has the appearance of flattened membrane sacs that are stacked together (Singh–
Cundy, A., & Shin, G., 2015). In animal cells, lysosomes exist within the cytoplasm. In plant cells, a
large vacuole exists. The mitochondria is pod–shaped, and located within the cytoplasm.
Chloroplasts are green pods which are also located within the

Prokaryotes And Eukaryotic Cells
All living cells on this planet fall in one of two categories. They are either going to be a Prokaryote
or Eukaryote organism. Prokaryote are simplest and most ancient type of cells. It was the only form
of life on Earth for billions of years before eventually giving rise to Eukaryotic cells. This
composition will distinguish the differences and similarities between these two major type of cells
on Earth. If you examine Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes side by side, you will spot a number of
disparities. To begin with, Prokaryotic cells are a lot smaller than Eukaryotic cells and have a
simpler structure. However, this simple structure is actually an advantage for their lifestyle because
it allows them to reproduce quickly

How Do Eukaryotes Evolve Long Ago?
On the planet, Earth, prokaryotic and eukaryotic are the two major types of cells. Prokaryotic cells
are defined as cells with genetic material and cell chemicals all enclosed within a cell wall, and
having no defined organelles or nucleus (except ribosomes). Organisms in this group are small in
size and mainly consist of bacteria. Eukaryotic cells, however, are defined as having a ''true''
nucleus, membrane–bound organelles, and chromosomes. The nucleus of eukaryotic cells houses the
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and directs the synthesis of proteins and ribosomes. Prokaryotic cells,
however, are much older cells as these cells are quite ancient and were the only form on planet Earth
for billions of years, soon giving birth to eukaryotic cells 1.5 billion years ago. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
But, how did eukaryotes evolve long ago? Lynn Margulis, an evolutionary theorist, and author
developed the ''Endosymbiosis theory'' which scientifically informs that mitochondria and plastids in
eukaryotic cells were once independent prokaryotic cells. To illustrate this theory, long ago there
were three prokaryotic cells (example): one was capable of respiration; the other was capable of
photosynthesis; and the last was incapable of doing anything significant. The incapable prokaryotic
cell consumed the other cells. It's unknown if this was intentional or accidental, however, when the
incapable cell engulfed the capable cells, it gained the ability to perform the same tasks and abilities
as the capable prokaryotic cells, giving birth to new complex eukaryotic cells passed on from
generation to generation. The name of the theory has been criticized as being misleading but holds
true origin within

Prokaryotes Vs Eukaryotes Essay
All living cells on this planet are categorized into prokaryote or eukaryote organism. Prokaryotes are
the simplest and most ancient type of cells. They were the only form of life on Earth for billions of
years before eventually giving rise to eukaryotic cells, which are more complex in structure. This
composition distinguishes the differences and similarities between these two major type of cells on
Earth. Comparing prokaryotes and eukaryotes, a number of disparities will be identified. To begin
with, prokaryotic cells are a lot smaller and have a simpler structure than eukaryotic cells. This
simple structure is an advantage for their lifestyle because it allows the organism to reproduce
quickly and effectively. Even though prokaryotes are less complicated, they can still execute the
same task as eukaryotes. For example, DNA function occurs in the nucleoid area of the cytoplasm of
prokaryotes; whereas this process is carried out on ribosomes in eukaryotes. Chemical processes that
involves proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and carbohydrates are also identical. On examination of the
prokaryotic cell, the internal structure is simple. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus. In fact, the name
of the cell give a clue about the structure. In Greek term prokaryote, "pro" means before and "kary"
is nucleus; ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Prokaryotic cells have no membrane bound organelles. However, they do have small structures
called ribosomes that moves freely throughout the cytoplasm. The prokaryotic cell's DNA is located
in the region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid region. The nucleoid region differs from Nucleus
because it's not enclosed by a membrane. Prokaryote also have a cell wall that surrounds the plasma
membrane. The composition of the cell wall depends on whether the cell is an archaea or bacteria.
Prokaryotes also often possess one or more flagellum which are used for

Prokaryotic Vs Eukaryotic Cells Essay
A basic understanding of the cell and it's functionality is something that an elementary schooler can
understand. But what about cells that are either single–celled, multicellular, or even both? Do you
know the similarities and differences? It is important to have a basic cognizance of the two main
types of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Everyone should have a slight amount of knowledge
about what all living matter, including ourselves, is made of. Although all cells seem similar at first,
here are some noticeable similarities and differences.
To start off with, eukaryotic and prokaryotic are types of cells. Though that is an obvious similarity,
they are both the smallest structure that carry out functions in organisms. In each of these ... Show
The biggest difference would be that eukaryotes have a nucleus where they store their genetic
material. Although prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, they have a general nucleoid region. Also,
prokaryotes are generally smaller than eukaryotes. Meaning, prokaryotic cells are usually ten times
smaller than eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane–bound organelles like
eukaryotic cells. Because of the types of organelles eukaryotes have, they can have higher levels of
intracellular division than what prokaryotes can have. The DNA in eukaryotes is much more
complex than the DNA found in prokaryotes. One would find the DNA of a eukaryote in it's
nucleus, and the DNA of a prokaryote floating freely around the cell. Though both types of cells can
have a cell wall, the cell wall of a prokaryote is composed of Peptidoglycan.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have similarities just like they have differences. They both are
types of cells, use a cell membrane, contain ribosomes, and store DNA. Furthermore, they differ in
size, where they store their genetic material, what kinds of organelles are found in each, the kind of
DNA they have, and the makeup of their cell walls. All living organisms are important; however,
what they are made from is just as

Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells Similarities
Cells are the basic unit of all living things. The two most important types of cells are prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells. These two types of cells differ in many ways, but they also share similarities.
One thing prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common is that they both contain a plasma
membrane and cytoplasm. Another similarity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that they
contain ribosomes.
Prokaryotic cells are usually single–celled organisms much small than eukaryotic cells. Bacteria and
archaea are prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and no membrane–bound organelles.
Prokaryotic cells also do not have chloroplasts or mitochondria. The main difference of prokaryotic
cells from eukaryotic cells is that prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus. Since prokaryotes lack a nucleus
the majority of DNA is stored inside the nucleoid. The DNA inside the nucleoid is looped around
making the DNA circular in shape. Prokaryotic cells contain one chromosome which causes these
cells to reproduce asexually. For prokaryotes to reproduce they must clone itself through a process
called binary fission. A few examples of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Eukaryotes are much larger than prokaryotes and consist of many organelles. In eukaryotic cells a
nucleus is present. The nucleus within a eukaryotic cell houses the DNA. The DNA is bound to
proteins and organized into multiple chromosomes. The DNA is linear in shape. Eukaryotic cells
house many important organelles such as the plasma membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, chromosomes
that are paired, ribosomes, lysosomes, vesicle, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus,
mitochondria, centrioles, cytoplasm, and cytoskeleton. Eukaryotic cells reproduce through a process
known as mitosis. During mitosis the nucleus divides itself. Once divided in half the nuclei becomes
separate cells called cytokinesis. Some examples of eukaryotes are potatoes, grass, pine trees, algae,
tapeworms, and

A Comparison of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells Essay
A Comparison of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells
There are two main types of cells in the world. The simplest cells such as bacteria are known as
Prokaryotic cells, and human cells are known as Eukaryotic cells. The main difference between each
of these cells is that a eukaryotic cell has a nucleus and a membrane bound section in which the cell
holds the main DNA which are building blocks of life.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. The chromosomes which are found in prokaryotes are
usually spread in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotic cells the chromosomes remain together inside the
nucleus and there is a clear nuclear membrane that is surrounding the nucleus.
Another difference between the two cells is that, in prokaryotic cells ... Show more content on
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A nucleus is a membrane which can be found in most eukaryotic cells.
The main functions of a nucleus cell are:
Being involved in cell division
All the functions of other cells are done under the instruction of the nucleus
DNA is the building blocks of life which are found within the nucleus.
The main function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum is to produce, store and transport proteins and
lipid to most of the cell organelles. The Endoplasmic Reticulum is a large organelle that looks like
sheets of folded membranes.
There are two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum the Smooth ER and the Rough ER. you can
distinguish that both of the ER's are different to each other, this is shown in the diagram above that
one is smooth ER and the other is rough ER the rough ER has ribsomes attracted to it while the
smooth ER does not have ribosomes attached to it. The two ER's have different function to each
other.
Structure of Endoplasmic reticulum: – Sheets of membrane with ribosomes outside (for rough ER).
– Forms a tubular network throughout the cell. Function of Endoplasmic reticulum: – Transports
chemicals, proteins, and lipids between cells and within cells – The endoplasmic reticulum provides
a large surface area for the organization of chemical reactions to take place and synthesis.
In size Ribsomes are about 25 un is diameter. They are arranged in to

Prokaryotic Vs Eukaryotic Essay
Prokaryotic are organisms whose DNA is not confined within a membrane–enclosed nucleus.
Prokaryotic organisms are single, but some prokaryotic organisms are multicellular. Eukaryotes are
organisms who cells are organized into complex structures by internal membranes and a
cytoskeleton. (Cundy, 2012) The most characteristic membrane bound structure is the nucleus.
Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are eukaryotic. Prokaryotic organisms are typically between 0.1
to 5.0 um in size while Eukaryotic organisms are between 5–10 um. Prokaryotic organisms have
pili, cytosol, ribosomes, capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, DNA, and chromosome also known
as plasmids. (Cundy, 2012) They do not have a nucleus, lysosomes, microtubules, endoplasmic
reticulum, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is what allows prokaryotes to attach to other surfaces. Cytosol is a water like fluid found in the
cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is inside the plasma membrane but outside the nucleus. The cell wall is made
of polysaccharides just outside the plasma membrane and its made of cellulose. (Cundy, 2012) The
plasma membrane is the outer boundary of the cell with a layer made of phospholipids. DNA is a
double polymer of nucleotides that store genetic information. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic
Acid with a phosphate group of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and
thymine. The largest organelle is the nucleus. The nucleus contains DNA. The mitochondria have a
double membrane and it is known for supplying energy to the cell. Ribosomes produce proteins.
These ribosomes can be found in the cytosol of cells. The nucleolus is what makes ribosomes and
RNA. Lysosomes have digestive enzymes. The endoplasmic reticulum is an inner membrane system
that makes some proteins. (Cundy, 2012) There are two endoplasmic reticulum, one is rough and the
other is smooth. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes on it while the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum does not have ribosomes on them. The Golgi apparatus prepares proteins to
be taken out of the cell. The vacuole is storage for water and other nutrients a call may need and this
is most commonly found in plant cells. The cytoskeleton shapes the cell wall and consists of protein

Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Organisms

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