Carbon is the sixth element on the periodic table. It has six protons, six neutrons, and four electrons. Carbon occurs naturally in both free and combined states, such as carbon dioxide and carbonate. Carbon is a tetravalent element that forms multiple bonds and catenates, or self-links, allowing it to form long chains and rings. This property of catenation and its ability to form isomers are important to carbon's role in daily life. The three main allotropes of pure carbon are diamond, graphite, and buckminsterfullerene. Diamond has a tetrahedral structure and is the hardest natural material. Graphite has layered structure and is used as lubricant. Buckminsterfullerene

1. By- Jeswant GembaliBy- Jeswant Gembali

2. Position of Carbon in Periodic
Table………….

3. Carbon Atom’s Electronic structure
L-shell
(4 e- )
K-shell
(2 e- )
Nucleus
6 Neutrons &
6 Protons
Atomic No. 6

4. Occurrence of Carbon in
Nature :-
 In free state:-
 In Combined state:-
CO2
CO3

5. Carbon in daily life:-

6. Importance of
Carbon:-
 Tetravalency…..
Atomic No. :- 6 Electronic Configuration :- 2,4
Thus, Valency :- 4
c
.
..
.

7. Importance of
Carbon:-
 Multiple Bonds
c

8. Importance of
Carbon:-
 Catenation (Self- linkage)

9. Importance of
Carbon:-
 Isomerism (Property of making Isomers):-
Isomers; Same Molecular Formula but different Structure.
For eg:-
C6H12O6 (Glucose)
C6H12O6 (Fructose)
Glucose
Fructose

10. Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists
in pure form in Nature.
 Diamond
Properties:-
 Excellent Brilliance.
 A Transparent Object.
 Bad Conductor of Electricity.
 High Melting Point .
 Made up of Carbon atoms only.
 Hardest substance in the World.
 Can be cut with the help of Another Diamond only.

11. Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists
in pure form in Nature.
 Diamond
Structure:-
 Tetrahedral structure.
 1C linked with 4C
 Linked with strong Covalent bonds.
 A Continuous chain of Carbon atoms.

12. Uses of Diamond

13. Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists
in pure form in Nature.
 Graphite
Properties:-
 An Opaque Object.
 Good Conductor of Electricity.
 High Melting Point .
 Made up of Carbon atoms only.
 Liberates Carbon dioxide when heated.

14. Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists
in pure form in Nature.
 Graphite
Structure:-
 Structured in Layers.
 1C, linked with 3C.
 Layers, connected with weak Vander wal Forces.

15. Graphite in Daily Life….

16. Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists
in pure form in Nature.
 Buckminster fullerene
Properties:-
 Black solid at room temperature.
 Doesn’t conducts electricity.
 Insoluble in Water.
 Soluble in Petrol.
* Has been named after a great American Architect
“Buckminster”

17. Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists
in pure form in Nature.
 Buckminster fullerene
Structure:-
 Football shaped
 Fixed number of Carbon atoms.
 Eg:-
C60
20 Hexagons and 12 Pentagons