The Medical Eye Institute And The National Cancer Institute

The Medical Eye Institute And The National Cancer Institute
The NIH Clinical Center is one of 27 centers at NIH (NIH, 2015). Others include the national eye
institute and the national cancer institute, along with many others. They are located in Bethesda
Maryland but they also have facilities in Montana, Arizona, and North Carolina (NIH, 2015). NIH
as a whole provides information on the latest health trends and newest healthcare technologies.
There is information for consumers needing a doctor referral or medical information, as well as
information for professionals; such as research they can be apart of and local jobs to apply for. They
also provide grants and training opportunities for professionals. Their mission "is to seek
fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that
knowledge to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and disability (NIH, 2015). The
clinical center has several departments including bioethics, pharmacy, social work, radiology, and
many others (Welcome and Overview, 2015). At the Clinical Center they provide inpatient and
outpatient services for customers. They also perform clinical studies or trails to develop new
interventions or drug therapies for illness and disabilities (Welcome and Overview, 2015). The
clinical center provides an environment for patient care, training, and clinical research (Welcome
and Overview, 2015). One service provided I found very helpful is the patient advisory group in
which former patients can serve as an advocate for
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Children With Scis And Caregivers Living
This project is developed to educate patients with SCIs and caregivers living in the New York City
(NYC) and Long Island areas of New York as they are the primary audiences. Data that will be
collected are responses of face–to–face interview questions to patients that center on function in
daily living. These questions will be evaluated to determine the appropriate resources gathered for
them along with the agency based on the responses. The awareness of these resources can help
people living with SCIs reduce developing conditions that affect their mental and social health, such
as depression (World Health Organization, 2015). The project will specifically benefit persons living
with SCIs and their caregivers because they can become ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As well, I am able to provide the resources that I have gathered relating to SCIs to patients and
others impacted by it.
A health theory that applies to the project on SCIs is the social cognitive theory because it "describes
a dynamic, ongoing process in which personal factors, environmental factors, and human behavior
exert influence upon each other" (National Cancer Institute, pp. 19, 2005). Three main factors of the
social cognitive theory that affect the likelihood of a person performing a behavior are self–efficacy,
goals, and outcome expectancies (National Cancer Institute, pp. 20, 2005). A goal of this project is
to help improve or maintain the self–efficacy of people living with SCIs and their caregivers,
leading to them to have a better quality of life. Self–efficacy is defined as confidence in the ability
of a person to overcome barriers and take action (National Cancer Institute, pp. 20, 2005). The
projected outcomes benefitting the agency and me, stated earlier in this section, can assist patients
living with SCIs and their caregivers achieve confidence in performing the expected behavior,
which is to utilize the resources that they are provided. This can lead to the improvement of the
function of the patient, which implies the benefit of their physical, mental and

Radiation and Tyroid Cancer Essay
For decades, the effects of radiation has been studied by doctors around the world. X–rays are used
in the medical and dental field to take radiographs of certain parts of a person's body. Some have
become concerned of the long term and short term effects of having x–rays taken because of the
radiation that is exposed. Since the rise of concern, studies have been done to find any type of link
between cancer and radiation from x–rays. Specifically, in dental x–rays, researchers have been
performing studies trying to prove that radiation from x–rays in the dental office can cause cancer .
In 2011, Colleagues from the National Cancer Institute conducted a study involving dental x–rays.
Sara Schonfield and others did comparisons with the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dr. Oz believes and has been encouraging people to limit the use of x–rays and that it raises the risk
of causing cancer (Brody.) He said thyroid cancer was the "fastest–growing cancer in women." He
said it was from dental x–rays and mammograms. His thoughts were that people who had more than
5 x–rays a year were at a higher risk of being diagnosed with thyroid cancer. He also strongly
recommended that anyone who goes to get dental x–rays done should use a lead thyroid shield. On
the other hand, a thyroid cancer specialist, Dr. Leonard Wartofsky argues that with the new
technology and scientific equipment we have these days, there is no reason to be concerned. The
amount of radiation that is actually exposed is not enough to cause harmful damage to anyone. Also,
the radiation that is actually exposed from dental x–rays has decreased a huge amount for the past
two decades. According to researchers in England, their conclusion to their studies was that further
research needed to be conducted. They reported that several factors may possibly play an important
role leading to the increased diagnoses of thyroid cancer (Nordqvist.) Their case–control study was
in fact the largest ever done, but they also wanted to let the public know that the results "should be
treated with caution because the data were necessarily based on self–reporting by the

Traveling With Cancer
43 children per day or 15,780 children per year are expected to be diagnosed with cancer (Arms
Wide Open Childhood Cancer Foundation). Cancer is an everyday struggle that families go through.
The Fault in Our Stars is a novel written by John Green. Its purpose is to portray a teenagers life
with cancer. This book brings the reader's eye to eye with cancer patients Hazel and Augustus, and
walks through the life and everyday struggle that one faces.The Fault in Our Stars uses a realistic
fiction story to accurately depict traveling with cancer, the support from others, and having a social
life.
Green accurately portrays the struggle of traveling with cancer. Current advice regarding traveling
with cancer argues that " Long flights pose a risk of blood clots for every patient which may
increase the risk of medical attention. A patient should also verify the health insurance, get
assistance throughout the flight, be prepared for infection, and consult with your medical team" (
McDonnell ). Mcdonnell offers information on how it is difficult to cope with cancer in air services.
The same type of situation is seen in The Fault in Our Stars when Augustus and Hazel wish to fly to
Amsterdam. Because of Hazel's lung cancer, it enabled her from ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Everyday children are diagnosed to cancer, and families are learning how to support their child.
These difficulties may be unknown to a new reader. By reading Green's novel, a reader can take
away the struggle of traveling with cancer and the support that a patient will always have.
Additionally, readers can understand cancer patients are prone to an optimistic outlook in the world.
As a reader of The Fault in Our Stars is easy to connect personal history too and similar events like
the dysfunctions of cancer.Any reader can take away great lessons and the disadvantages to having
serious medical

Persuasive Essay About Cancer
Researchers at the National Cancer Institute have found that approximately 38.5% of both male and
female will be diagnosed with some form of cancer throughout their lives. Unfortunately, this
statistic hits a little too close to home for many of us. (BE3) Because there are so many different
branches, forms, and strings of cancer, scientists are still unable to find a specific cure for all of
them. (BE2) Cancer affects all of us in so many different ways and with so many different people,
for me, it was my grandpa Davis and lung cancer. Losing my grandpa to cancer was one of the
hardest things I have experienced and had to go through in my life so far, and a situation that has
had an enormous impact on my life in more than one way, not just negative. All of my life I have
lived in the same house same town and my grandparents have always lived a block and a half away
from us. This could be a major contributor on why we were so close, I guess it was all I have ever
known. In 2014 My grandpa Davis was diagnosed with lung cancer in the third stage. He and
Grandma immediately started radiation and chemotherapy at Mercy and Mayo clinic hoping to put
the cancer in a dormant stage. These harsh treatments worked for a while and bought him more time
with us, which is all anybody can ask for in the end. We know he wouldn't back down easy because
he was strong–willed, and stubborn, and did not back down easily. (SC5) Determined and strong,
grandpa fought a long hard battle. (BE1) When

Should Athletes Be Paid Essay
Playing A children's Game Pays Millions!!!
Why are athletes so overpaid? They do not need all this money yet every year, they can get paid
millions of dollars. A sports athlete is one of the highest paying jobs in the world, according to
Business Insider, an average basketball player gets paid 4.6 million dollars annually. Should athletes
really get paid this much for playing a children's game? No one should, people might say that
athletes can entertain the world, but a soldier can save the world, yet most go homeless after serving
their time and risking their lives. According to Forbes, Lionel Messi makes 53.4 million dollars
annually. Imagine how useful that money could have been if it was used for something else. This is
why professional athletes salaries are not justified, they teach greed to the younger generation, other
jobs are in need ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Athletes salaries have been in the millions for many years, and it is now that we should realize that
they shouldn't be getting this much money. Athletes that already get paid millions but want a better
contract, and Josh Beckett being a scam is why athletes are shown as greedy people and why kids
will learn the same way. Also, jobs are going to be left open, like software engineers, that are very
important considering how fast the society is getting technological and advanced. Lastly, the money
could be used for things like health care and education, according to treasury.gov, the money could
be used for the water districts in Canada. If money was used for the water district then we would
have cleaner water used and also heavy rains would be managed better than they are right now. This
is why I think we should take action and take a bit of money from athletes salaries, leading the
country into the right and better

According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) triple...
According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) triple negative breast cancer is subtype of breast
cancer that lack estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors or large amounts of HER2/neu proteins.
It's commonly known as ER–negative, PR–negative and HER2/neu–negative breast cancer (1). Due
to the aforementioned characteristic of triple negative breast cancer it is insensitive to most of the
effective therapies available for breast cancer treatment including HER2–directed therapy such as
trastuzumab (2). Chemotherapy is the only systemic treatment for Triple Negative Breast Cancer.
Even though standard chemotherapy regimens can be effective for patients in the early stages of
triple negative breast cancer, but patients with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Second generation Antibody–drug conjugate consider as a new approach for treatments of TNBC.
The main idea is to use an antibody and cytotoxic agents together to produce a synergistic effect and
to ensure delivery of the cytotoxic agent to the target cell (6) Our main goal in this research is to
develop a novel antibody based therapy against LRP8. We hypothesis that an anti–LRP8 antibody
conjugated to cytotoxic drug will lead toward effective therapy for TNBC. We will perform
experiments using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy to prove that LRP8 is suitable ADC
target. Two main factors will contribute to whether it is suitable target:
i. 100,000 LPR8 receptors should be expressed on the surface of 18–20 cells line. Our hypothesis is
that will be more than 100,000 LPR8 receptors on the surface of breast cancer cell line. ii.
Internalization of antibody bound to LRP8 We hypothesis that the antibody bind to the LRP8 have
the ability to internalize and eventually causes cell death or apoptosis.
Background and Preliminary Results: In February 2013, an anti–HER2 antibody trastuzumab was
approved by the FDA following the positive outcome of the Phase III EMILIA trial.
In this trial, Patients with HER2 (also known as ERBB2)–positive metastatic breast cancer had an
improved median overall survival benefit compared to the combination of lapatinib and capecitabine
(6). This drug represents an

Cancer Is Defined By The National Cancer Institute
Cancer is defined by the National Cancer Institute as "the name given to a collection of related
diseases. In all types of cancer, some of the body's cells begin to divide without stopping and spread
into surrounding tissues." Cancer can develop at almost any part of the human body and anyone can
develop cancer, although risk typically increases with age because most cancers tend to require
many years to develop. "Normally, human cells grow and divide to form new cells as the body needs
them. When cells grow old or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. When
cancer develops, however, this orderly process breaks down. As cells become more and more
abnormal, old or damaged cells survive when they should die, and new cells form when they are not
needed. These extra cells can divide without stopping and may form growths called tumors"
(cancer.gov). Cancerous tumors are defined as malignant meaning that they can spread to nearby
tissues or metastasize to distant places in places within the body and form new cancerous tumors.
There are over 100 forms of cancer and they are usually named after the organs or tissues where the
cancers originate. Staging of cancer is used to "describe the severity of a person's cancer based on
the size and/or extent (reach) of the original (primary) tumor and whether or not cancer has spread
in the body" (cancer.gov). The importance's of staging cancer is to assist the doctor with planning
appropriate treatments to fight the cancer

Hagfish Research Papers
The revolution of technology has made it possible to discover new medical drugs better than
centuries before. Since the dawn of time, mankind has always sought out ways to protect, heal and
even prolong their life from even the most death threating of diseases, but as quick as new medical
cures arrive on shelfs, so too does mankind's resistance to these new medical drugs as well. Most
drugs today are derived from plant molecules found on land; such as, aspirin from willow bark, and
morphine from poppies (Krajick). Researcher's today look past the land and toward the vast ocean
for answers to today's most common diseases. In understanding more about marine organisms,
researchers can unlock beneficial knowledge to discovering better medical breakthroughs for the
future for potential pharmaceutical and therapeutic uses. In history, the use of using marine
organisms as an aid to reduce pain can be traced and used as important information for marine
researchers. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The most unique thing about the hagfish is its four pea sized hearts that beat independent of each
other and these hearts are not regulated by nerves. It is similar to that of a human heart in embryo
form. Dr. Jenson has done a variety of experiments with the hagfish heart and how they work. In his
experiments he removed the heart and placed it under the skin of another hagfish or in salt solution,
and the result was always that the heart kept beating for a few weeks in another host, or a few days
in solution. It took eleven years until he uncovered what made the hearts pulse, and called it
eptatretin. In an experiment with using dogs, eptatretin was injected into a dog that had a heart
attack and stunningly he was jolted back to live. Before this powerful heart regulator can be used on
humans, it must go through many tested on animals to note any possible unwanted side effects
before it can ever be used on humans. (Berry

The Accomplishment of Gertrude B. Elion
Elion accomplished a lot in her 81 years working. She started out teaching biochemistry at New
York hospital school of nursing, and then she was an unpaid chemistry lab assistant. She stuck with
this job, hoping to eventually get paid and even made $20 a week, which is one of the reasons she
was able to attend New York University (Koenig, 2006). She scrimped and saved and had help from
her boyfriend, Leonard Canter (McGrayne, 2002). While in school, she taught as a teacher in
training as well as a substitute (Elion, 1988). At the same time she was doing research for her
Master's at night and on the weekends to keep up. She eventually got a job doing analytical work for
a food company. She did gain excellent instrumentation skills in this job even though she thought of
it as quite boring. After this, Johnson and Johnson hired her, but that was short lived. Many people
wanted to work with Elion, but she refused many job offers and agreed to work with George
Hitchings at Burroughs Wellcome Company. IV: Scientific Contributions George Hitchings allowed
Elion a lot more freedom. She was able to perform research at her own pace, which she loved
because she was highly motivated to learn as much as possible, as fast as possible. She got involved
with areas outside of chemistry, like immunology, pharmacology, and virology (McGrayne, 2002).
Little was known about enzymes or nucleic acids at the time, so her main focus was on purines.
Hitchings would always let Elion know that he was

Why Inbreeding Isn 't As Bad As You Think
Alasdair, Wilkins. "Why Inbreeding Isn 't as Bad as You Think." Io9. Io9, 30 Dec. 2011. Web. 05
Feb. 2016.. In the article, "Why Inbreeding Isn't as Bad as You Think", Wilkins debunks the myths
behind inbreeding and attributes them to cultural taboos. Wilkins alludes that cousins who are the
first in their family lineage to inbreed have the exact same changes of having healthy offspring as
unrelated couples. He then mentions that marrying a second cousin would greatly increase one 's
chance of having healthy offspring. In the article, cousins of inbreeding that are detrimental to the
offspring 's health and mentions that this may occur when inbreeding has happened for long periods
of time. It is because both parents may be carriers of the recessive gene, although 96% of children
produced from such mating are health. Wilkins concludes that if anyone traces back thousands of
years, they will find they shared the same ancestors as their partners so everyone in a way, has been
exposed to inbreeding. In the informative article, Wilkins writes for the average reader and shows
his bias about cultural taboos when he mentions that there can be disorders but yet explains that they
are not. Firger, Jessica. "Binge Eating Fish Living Links to Obesity in Humans."Newsweek.
Newsweek LLc, 14 Aug. 2015. Web. 04 Feb. 2016. Researchers find that Mexican Cave Fish may
be the link to explain obesity in humans. The fish have adapted to an environment in which food is
not available and

Underage Tanning Law
Many teens today feel pressured to live up to society's standards. They believe that perfect hair,
flawless makeup, designer clothes, and bronze skin is required. This is where tanning beds come
into play. About 29.5 percent of teenagers use indoor tanning devices. (Health Day News). However,
is the warm, golden glow going to be achievable any more? State Representatives are considering
new restrictions, and changing existing laws, in regards to teen tanning. These new commands will
ban teens from tanning. Are these bills acceptable? Are they needed? The Senate and Assembly of
New York agreed to ban teens ages 16 years and younger from tanning beds (Precious). Lawmakers
in New Jersey are adding new rules to teen tanning; no one can tan under the age of 17. (N.J. Bans
Minors from Tanning Beds). Therefore, teen tanning bed use is a very controversial topic.
Have you ever felt the "false sense of security that [you] may not feel under direct sunlight" from a
tanning bed (Jeffrey)? Your body relaxes, you feel serene, and you get a golden glow. Some teens
strive for this feeling...and the tan. Tanning is the skin's response to injury, according to Arielle
Kauvar, M. D. The exposure of UV rays over time can cause skin cancer. Skin cancer is the growth
of abnormal growth of skin cells that forms in the tissue of the skin (Skin Cancer). Melanoma, the
most dangerous type of skin cancer, can come from UV rays. From 1998– 2008, the number of cases
of Melanoma has increased by about

Essay on Animal Testing
Every year, animals are subjected to cruel and unnecessary experimentation. According to the
USDA, "between 1990–1997 research labs registered with the USDA reported killing at least
12,895,885 dogs, cats, primates, guinea pigs, hamsters, rabbits, bears, armadillos, squirrels, wild
rodents and other species. This doesn't include non USDA registered labs" ("Wikianswers"). Lab
animals are cut up and tortured to death all in the name of science. How can we as fellow animal
species continue to allow this to happen? Animal testing is a callous and barbaric practice. It is
unreliable, and there are newer ways to test products that do not involve slaughtering animals.
Animals have no voice and cannot defend themselves, so we need to take a stand ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Yet there have been many tests where different species have different reactions to the same
chemical. According to the Humane Society, "Only 50–70% agreement between rat and mouse test
results for the same chemicals" ("Animals in Research"). Obviously different chemicals are going to
react differently in different species. So how can we expect to know how a human will react if most
animals react differently? One of the most famous examples of inaccurate testing would be the
release of Thalidomide as a safe sedative for pregnant or breastfeeding women. Despite extensive
animal testing which showed that the drug was safe, thousands of children were born with severe
birth defects. Another example would be Clioquinol. Supposedly, this drug cured diarrhea, but in
humans it actually caused it, and in severe cases, death ("CAAT–Against Animal Testing"). It is also
thought that animal testing will help find a cure for cancer. Billions of dollars have been spent, and
so far there is nothing to show for it. According to the National Cancer Institute there are two main
reasons why animals do not accurately help with cancer research. "1. Animals and humans do not
get the same diseases. As a result, animal research focuses on artificially inducing symptoms of
human cancer and attempting to treat those symptoms. 2. Experimental drugs and treatments that
have been found effective on animal models will not necessarily work in people" ("CAAT–Against
Animal

Mattel and Toy Safety
In 2007, the international toy manufacturer, Mattel, Inc. issued several recalls for millions of their
products. These recalls were for safety reasons in that testing at the manufacturing sites and special
test laboratories showed that millions of their toys were coated with dangerous amounts of lead in
the paint. This lead based paint contains a potent neurotoxin that if ingested can cause serious harm
to children. Mattel assured the public that the problem would be solved, the recalled products would
be collected and replaced, and that the company would never let this type of incident happen again.
In the contents of this case there are several management and safety issues and areas for
improvement. One issue is Mattel, Inc.'s ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To achieve this about 65 percent of its toy manufacturing was moved to Asia where its products
could be produced cheaper. In doing so Mattel now has to work within the culture of its
manufacturing facilities to ensure healthy and safe operations to its employees. This means that
wage, possible child labor, and other ethical issues could arise, thus as stated before the Global
Manufacturing Principles were created and implemented. Since Mattel's products are now being
imported into the U.S., several government agencies and laws have to be taken into consideration, of
which pertain to both countries' government, Chain and the U.S. Some of these agencies in the U.S.
are the Consumer Product Safety Commission, whose job is to make sure any and all products that
are entering the U.S. are safe for people. The acting commissioner of the Consumer Product Safety
Commission was negotiating for broader testing and urged consumers to not overreact to the recalls.
As for the safety aspect there is several differences between the two for lead. In China the
government standard for lead products in the household, are to only contain 90 parts of lead per
million in any product. In the U.S. the standard is allowed to be as high as 600 parts per million. The
major difference is that the U.S. has banned the use of lead completely for toy products. As such in
the U.S. the standards are held to high

Essay about Costs of Childhood Cancer Treatment and Research
Cancer, one of the most feared words in our vocabulary of this time, especially in childhood (Druker
1). Most people when thinking of "childhood cancer" envision very young children, although a
"Nation Institute of Health Policy concerning inclusion of children in clinical research defines
children as being younger than twenty–one years of age while the Food and Drug Administration
considers children to be fifteen years and younger" (Ries 158). That being said, most cancers
incidence peak among children occurs during the first year of life (Gurney 149). Some of the most
well–known nationwide childhood cancers are leukemia, brain cancer, and other central nervous
system cancers (oeconline 1). In conjunction, "the side effects of treatment, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
As one can see the price for one single child with cancer treatment that needs necessary care over
multiple nights can be, on average, up to 6 figures in the United States (oeconline 2). Statistically,
the national cost per child is about equivalent to $815,830 in 2007 dollars (oeconline 1). The
average per day costs for pediatric cancer has increased consistently from 2000 to 2005 by over
twenty percent, figuratively that is from $14,400 to $17,500 (Nagamine 2). Although the prices are
already substantially high they are apparently still on the rise (Nagamine 2). Raising awareness is a
step in the right direction to escalating advocacy and support for childhood cancer research
(acco.org 1). One nationwide project that brings in the most financial aid for visitors and patients is
St. Jude's Children's Research Hospital (StJude.org 1). The mission of St. Jude is "to advance cures
and the means of prevention, for pediatric catastrophic diseases through research and treatment"
(StJude.org 1). That being said, the support "helps ensure that St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
will continue its lifesaving mission of finding cures and saving children" (StJudes.org 1). Few
people realize the dire situation patients and families are in when they are deciding to not

Arguments Against Animal Testing Essay
Animal Testing There is much debate over whether animal testing should be allowed or not. Some
people think that it is not essential to sacrifice animals for human benefits because they are being
abused and tortured severely during experiments. Some others who stand against animal testing
claim that humans eliminate many lives on earth in order to safe humans' lives, so there is no justice
because even animals have the right to live on earth, yet these people do not consider the truth that
animals are being used in the food industry or in the laboratories. Thus, if someone asks how many
animals are being used in the laboratory experiments around the world every year, who can give an
accurate answer? It can be one, ten, or fifty million. It is difficult to find the exact figure on this
question because people only read news through mass media such as having a new vaccine which
can help human avoid uterus cancer or a new medicine help humans cure strokes, but they also need
to know how many lives of the animals would have to take in order to get theses vaccines.
Therefore, some organizes think that animal testing is one of the most disturbing experiments ever,
and it should be banned. Despite many controversies with opposing opinions, a compromise can be
made in order to reduce the use of animals in the laboratory experiments. In the problem, there are
always opposite sides which can create the debate about using animals in the laboratory
experiments. Some people want to

Why Do Minors Have The Right?
According to the National Cancer Institute, "In 2014, it is estimated that 15,780 children
and adolescents ages 0 to 19 years will be diagnosed with cancer and 1,960 will die of the
disease in the United States" (National Cancer Institute). This statistic may seem rather small
when compared to the thousands of people in the United States but the number of 1,960 is not
just a statistic, each digit represents the loss of a child, some of theses deaths are avoidable
though. The ongoing battle between minors and their constitutional rights has risen again, the
present battlefield; hospitals. Do minors have the right to refuse a life saving treatment such as
chemotherapy, or is this a matter for parents and doctors? Minors are not ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Under proper treatment, doctors estimate it has a
survivability rate as high as 80% for children." (Hopper, P3). After her prognosis she started her
first round of chemotherapy. After eleven weeks of treatment, she decided she no longer wanted
to go through with this course of treatment, and begged her parents to end it. Makayla wanted to
pursue treatment through alternative medicine. She did not want to suffer through some of the
common chemotherapy side–effects, such as; hair loss, atrophy of the body, weakness, and
nausea. Her decision to quit the treatment was easily supported by her parents, however when
she was withdrawn from the hospitals treatment program they hit a snag. The hospital was not
comfortable letting a child stop chemotherapy and reported the families decision to Canada's
Children's Aid Society. The Society investigated and decided to not intervene and allowed the

family to continue.
" Makayla Sault, a member of the First Nations tribe in Canada, died after suffering a
stroke on Sunday" graced the headline of ABC news on January 22 of 2015 (Mahoney). After
months of alternative medicine treatment Makayla died, and her parents blamed the eleven
weeks of chemotherapy the young girl underwent. ""Makayla was on her way to wellness,
bravely fighting toward holistic well–being after the harsh side effects that 12

Speech Pursuasive Essay
Specific Purpose Statement: To persuade my audience that IF they choose to support a children's
charity, to support St Jude Children's Research Hospital. Central Idea: Many charities are deserving
of support, but St Jude is truly special. Everything they do for these children makes their lives and
their family's lives just a little bit easier. Pattern of Organization: Problem–Solution Introduction:
Attention: How many of you here think that one day, you will choose to support a charity, whether
through donating your money or volunteering your time? Reveal Topic: There are hundreds of
deserving charities across the nation, but a really special one is St Jude Children's Research
Hospital. Credibility: If you remember from my ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are 12 major types of childhood cancer 1. Leukemias (blood cancers) and brain cancers
combined account for more than half of all new cases of pediatric cancer. a. One third of all cases
are leukemias b. The most common form of leukemia is ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia) c.
The survival rate of ALL in 1962 was 4% http://www.stjude.org/stjude/v/index.jsp?
vgnextoid=f87d4c2a71fca210VgnVCM1000001e0215acRCRD 2. The most common solid tumors
are brain tumors 3. Other solid tumors are less common in children C. According to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency facts about childhood cancer, the monetary cost per case
was estimated to be around $623,000.
http://yosemite.epa.gov/ochp/ochpweb.nsf/content/fastfacts.htm#cancer 1. Even with insurance,
most families are not going to be able to cover all of these costs. 2. According to the Chili's website,
who as I stated before also supports St Jude, the cost of one day of oxygen equals out to about $500.
http://www.createapepper.com/Donate.aspx a.. The cost of one blood count test estimates out to
around $50 b. One child–sized specialty wheel–chair, which most of these kids need, costs about
$1,000 3. A lot of children do not get the best quality of care because of these money issues.
(Connective: Transition–Now that you've heard a little background information on childhood cancer,
I'm going to share with you what St Jude does and how they are helping battle these

Effects Of Amendment 2 On The State Florida
Has anyone done any research on what the effects Amendment 2 would have on the state Florida?
Well the opposition clearly did not do any research and the politicians used smooth talking fallacies
to blind side the voters. It is time to see the holes in their stance on medical marijuana.
"The Smokescreen" as defined by the author Joe Cardona from the Miami Herald, is the lack of
liability Amendment 2 brought to the table when it hit the polls in October. His meaning behind this
is because a medical marijuana user would not be receiving a prescription from a trained medical
physician. Instead, they would be receiving a referral for a license to receive treatment and they
would have it forever. Also as part of Joe Cardona's "Smokescreen" theory, because the fact that
Amendment 2 is a constitutional amendment that there would have been no way to tweak or
amended it, like a legislative law would. So regulating the consumption of medical marijuana would
be impossible. (Cardona, 2014)
Unfortunately he is not the only one to interpret Amendment 2 this way. Dr. Rafael Miguel, director
of the Sarasota Memorial Institute for Advanced Medicine 's Pain Medicine Program and
representatives for Drug Free America. He states that "You don 't get refills, you get it forever. There
's no regulation on consumption." (Gillin, 2014)
These bold statements were completely wrong and very misinforming. The referral would also have
a date attached, so a doctor would put on the referral how long the

Population Based Cancer Database By National Cancer Institute
The SEER is a population–based cancer database by National Cancer Institute. The SEER 13
represents approximately 14% of the population of the United States and includes 13 cancer
registries – San Francisco–Oakland, Connecticut, Detroit, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Seattle
(Puget Sound region), Utah, Atlanta, San Jose–Monterey, Los Angles, Alaska Natives, and rural
Georgia. High quality data are collected from hospitals and cancer treatment centers. The database
includes primary tumor site, staging, patient demographics, treatment modality and survival
statistics (10). We selected adult patients (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with first primary HCC between
January 1992 and December 2011. We excluded cases diagnosed at autopsy and those lost to ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Results:
A total of 15,296 patients diagnosed with primary HCC met the study criteria. Majority of the
patients were men (74.47%) and belonged to the Caucacian race (58.57%). Median age at the time
of diagnosis was 66.16 years (range: 42.33 – 95.5 years). Detailed patient demographics are
presented in Table 1. The median follow–up duration was 28 months (range: 6 – 18.5 years). A total
of 446 (2.83%) patients developed 466 SPM with observed/expected (O/E) ratio of 1.07 (95% CI=
0.97–1.17) and AER of 7.17 per 10,000 population, p = 0.16. These patients had significant excess
risk of non–Hodgkin's lymphoma and several solid tumors including cancers of head and neck, lung,
thyroid, adrenal glands, stomach, anus and hepatobiliary region. Interestingly, there was
significantly decreased risk of prostate cancer among HCC patients compared to general population.
Younger patients (aged <60 years) had increased risk of malignancies of oropharynx (O/E ratio of
4.18, CI = 2.23 – 7.15, p=.01; AER 7.15), lung and bronchus (O/E ratio of 3.03, CI=1.9 – 4.58, p=
0.01; AER 11.6), hepatobiliary system (O/E ratio 4.35, CI=2.32–7.44, p=.01; AER 7.8), small
intestine (O/E ratio of 8.11, CI=1.67–23.1, p=.01; AER 2.07), non–Hodgkin's lymphoma (O/E ratio
of 4.44, CI 2.43–7.44, p=.01; AER 8.53.) Among older patients (Age ≥ 60 years), there was
increased risk of cancers of oropharynx (O/E ratio 1.7, CI

Essay about Survey of Marijuna Usage at Texas Christian...
Marijuana usage when discussed brings about debate and division no matter the forum. This is a
topic that many individuals feel either one or the other about. Very few feelings can be described as
"Middle of the Road". As students at Texas Christian University we felt that in the time we were in
attendance no one had tried to measure how students felt and view Marijuana. This information
could be used by organizations such as NORML; it could help them decide whether or not pursuing
a NORML chapter on TCU's campus would be worthwhile. NORML is a marijuana advocacy group
that is working to "move public opinion sufficiently to legalize the responsible use of marijuana".
Our study tries to determine what people know and what people think ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Although few relevant surveys of practice patterns exist, it appears that physicians caring for cancer
patients in the United States who recommend medicinal Cannabis predominantly do so for symptom
management.
On the other hand there are those who believe marijuana is detrimental to the health of those who
use it. The National Institute on Drug Abuse for believes that marijuana use has many long– and
short–term implications. These implications include increased heart rate during use, respiratory
issues including a possibility heightened lung infections and frequent chest illness, and finally long
time use can lead to mental illness. Finally there are what legal alternatives to marijuana use. Some
people view these alternative as not as harmful towards physical or mental health and assume that
because they are legal they of course are better. Despite these beliefs many other feel these drugs are
much more harmful than their illegal counterparts. In accordance with the AAPCC, American
Association of Poison Control Centers, these substances that go by many different names including
"Spice," "K2," "Sence," "Skunk," and many others are known to cause vomiting, hallucinations, and
elevated blood pressure. In recent years though, these "legal alternatives" have gained similar ratings
and punishments to that of their illegal

Continuum Of Caregivers
A nonsystematic study reviewed previous research and noted the importance of assisting caregivers
as there are nearly four million adult caregivers nationwide.7 Researchers from the School of
Nursing in Michigan gave insight about the issues faced by caregivers, and how to better meet their
caregiving needs. Legislation review and five meta–analyses were conducted in order to see the
many implications caregivers face as well offer ways to help them. National data showed these
caregivers estimate an average of 8.3 hours a day providing care near 13.7 months. 5 Along with
innumerable physical changes, sleep disturbances, and changes financial well–being, psychological
impairment and moods disturbance were a great topic of research. In several ... Show more content
Researchers from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) conducted
a study to review the psychosocial care and needs within the cancer continuum of caregivers. With
multidimensional approaches, the guidelines and models for psychosocial evaluations were
produced.10 Researchers proposed that community based sectors with a variety of services could
improve by including nurse and clinicians within the psychosocial care and stressor treatment.
Meanwhile, researchers in China conducted theoretic framework for a smartphone app that was
constructed for providing better managing the psychological needs and stressors for patient's
parents. Interviews, focus groups, and discussions with both health professionals as well as
caregivers lead to what the app would focus on. 12 Modules were designed for the caregiver to walk
through that included numerous subjects. This app was administered through a web–based portal
and included both systematic and qualitative approaches for data collection.12 A huge issue of
concern did arise with money and transmitting health information online and the privacy of
individuals. To decrease future gaps in treatment and find improvements, researchers also suggested
professional training, strategic and assistance videos, and improved involvement from health
systems. An intended focus would be to better design and implement online programs and propose
work throughout communities to include more time, involvement, and information between
caregivers and professionals such that this intervention will hope to better solve. Findings from the
planned intervention will hope to coincide with these focuses in suggestions for future research of
caregivers

What Is The Theme Of Mrs Frisby
"Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH" is a story about a group of animals on a farm who do
everything in their power to salvage their home. Mrs. Frisby is the head of the farm who everyone
turns too because she is so kind and loving. Lately, it hasn't been easy for Mrs., Frisby because she
has been caring for her very sick son. In efforts to help him get better, she seeks out Mr., Agnes, a
wise mouse, for some medicine that will work its magic on her son Timothy. Although things begin
looking up for Timothy's well being, summer was quickly approaching and Timothy was in charge
of changing over their home for the summer time so they wouldn't be plowed by the farmers. When
Mrs. Frisby expresses her concern about moving day to Jeremy, a crow, he ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This storyline was all based around moving Mrs. Frisby home to safety in order to steer clear of
plowing season. Throughout the story, we are able to witness Mrs. Frisby go to extreme lengths to
save her home and keep her family happy. Although it is not an easy process, Mrs. Frisby never
gave up. Her home was her safety net and the place where her family could all be together. Mrs.
Frisby and her children were especially lucky to even have a house. Although it was a slightly
damaged cinder block, the hollow kind with two ovals through it, but it was the place they called
home and they would make it work no matter what the season (pg. 38). There was no way she was
going to let it all be destroyed by the farmers. Instead of relocating, she travels all over to find a way
to solve her problem, which, in the end, is accomplished. In comparison to the impact Mrs. Frisby's
home has on her life, the rats of NIMH don't really have a set home. They are not dependent on one
certain place, which is why they come up with a plan to re–locate when they find out the rosebush is
going to be torn down. To them, home is wherever they can live independently or create a place for
themselves. At this stage in their life, they are more focused on trying to be independent enough so
they don't have to depend on anyone for anything. They are highly trained to live and work in any
condition. Unlike Mrs. Frisby, they are willing to

Lung Cancer: The Relationship Between Gender, Age, and...
HINTS is an acronym for Health Information National Trends Survey and its purpose is to collect
cancer–related data on a national level (HINTS, 2007). The goal of HINTS is to assess how
information pertaining to cancer is accessed, how the risk of developing cancer is viewed by the
public, how the course of communication has changed, and how the patterns of health has changed
through the course of the past several years (HINTS, 2007). Once data has been collected,
researchers are able to gain a better understanding of how adults are obtaining health related
information. All of this information allows researchers to adjust, or fine tune, their theories and offer
superior suggestions that aid in decreasing the burden brought on by a cancer ... Show more content
Or is it found to occur more frequently among a particular race?" The independent variables gender
and race/ethnicity are both on a nominal scale. The dependent variable of likeliness to develop lung
cancer is on an ordinal scale. The hypothesis to the first research question is that women are more
likely than men to be diagnosed with lung cancer. The hypothesis to the second research question is
no, a diagnosis of lung cancer is not stable across different races/ethnicities.
Three questions were asked pertaining to the variables and were retrieved from the
HINTS codebook found on Titanium. First, "Are you male or female". The responses were: male
(2,969) or female (4,696). Second, "Which one or more of the following would you say is your
race?" The responses were: White (5853); African American (743); Asian (227); American
Indian/Alaskan Native (179); Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander (30); refused (42); and don't
know (99). Finally, "How likely do you think it is that you will develop cancer in the future? Would
you say your chances of getting cancer is..." The responses were: very low
(1,130); somewhat low (1,729); moderate (2,872); somewhat high (995); very high (353); refused
(27); and don't know (217). The numbers associated next to the variables are the amount of people
who responded to or chose

Childhood Obesity : An Epidemic
Childhood Obesity
Childhood obesity is more than a major issue in the United States: it is an epidemic. The number of
overweight and obese children in America has increased at an alarming rate over the past years.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, childhood obesity has more than
doubled in children and tripled in adolescents in the past 30 years [1]. American Heart Association
stated, "Today one in three American kids and teens are overweight or obese; nearly triple the rate in
1963" [5]. Unfortunately, this affects our children physically, mentally, and long–term.
Obesity is not specifically just being a few pounds overweight. A child is considered obese when his
or her weight, compared to height, is abnormal by ten pounds or more. This is a growing issue in
children ages 7–17 and is getting worse. The most effective methods of hindering this epidemic are
by mandating a quality and nutritious school lunch program, increasing childhood activity
initiatives, and educating caretakers at home. Schools play an important role in promoting physical
activity and healthy eating habits, which are a fundamental component of the American educational
experience. Mrs. Michelle Obama's "We Can" program is great for children in every shape and form
[4]. The "We Can" program stands for ways to enhance children 's activity & nutrition. It is a
national movement designed to give parents, caregivers, and entire communities a way to help
children 8 to 13

Behavioral Therapies Of The National Cancer Institute
). "According to the 2014 Surgeon General's Report, there have been more than 20 million
smoking–related deaths in the United States since 1964; 2.5 million of those deaths were among
non–smokers who died from exposure to secondhand smoke." (American Cancer Society, 2015).
Trying to quit the use of any tobacco product is truly a difficult battle. There are many cessation
options to overcome this battle. These options include, pharmaceutical drugs, nicotine replacement,
and behavioral therapies. Although these are just a few options available, quitting also takes desire
and commitment to be successful. During the quitting process there are several withdrawal
symptoms that can occur. For instance one could have nicotine cravings, anger ... Show more
Another opportunity is discussing options with a healthcare provider. He or she can provide tips and
local resources available to overcome this addiction.
For most individuals the detrimental effects that tobacco products pose on the body, is well known.
However, many are unaware of the benefits that begin almost immediately after quitting. Some of
the benefits include; a decrease in blood pressure and pulse rate within 20 minutes, a stabilization of
carbon monoxide and oxygen levels in the blood within eight hours, and by one year the risk of
having a heart attack is cut in half (Ohio Tobacco Quit Line, 2015). Another incentive to quit is the
amount of money one could save by quitting. On average a smoker who smokes a pack a day spends
$2,372.50 annually. This amount continually goes up with the rising cost of a pack of cigarettes. A
person who uses a can of smokeless tobacco a day spends approximately $1,460 annually. The
amount of money spent on these products will continue to rise at alarming rates.
The learning needs of the client will be met by providing him or her with information about the risks
of tobacco use. By providing the information in regards to the health risks associated with tobacco
use, this allows the client to make a better informed decision to quit. Once receiving the information
about the dangers of tobacco, the client should set a quit date and be given

Adenomatous Polyps Theory
Randomized patients, whose colonoscopy revealed the presences of adenomatous polyps, viewed a
power point presentation that documented the precancerous nature of adenomatous polyps and
associated an increased risk with immediate family members. Additionally, a randomized portion of
the adenomatous positive population received a one page personalized letter reinforcing the
information contained in the Computer Based Education Program (CBEP). Furthermore, each
patient received a follow–up telephone survey to quantify how well they absorbed the information
concerning adenomatous polyps. Access the full study @
https://rtips.cancer.gov/rtips/programDetails.do?programId=1472737 . Beneficiaries of the CBEP
and the personalized letter, attained ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the social marketing conceptual framework, there are three categories of products:
actual products, core products, and augmented products. Actual products, in this instance, are the
colorectal screenings marketed to adenomatous positive patients and their family members. Benefits
of colonoscopy participation (core products) include decreased risk of developing cancer, life, and
the added benefit (augmented product) of saving loved ones from cancer diagnoses. With respect to
colonoscopies, the price is a perceived loss of dignity, embarrassment, and pride (Mikocla–Walus,
2012). Post recovery, adenomatous positive patients viewed an educational video regarding
precancerous polyps, therefore the marketing strategy takes place in the recovery room; and The
Computer Based Education Program and the one paged, personalized, letter of reinforcement are the
tools used to promote awareness of adenomatous polyps and the importance of colorectal

The Problem And Its Background Of Cervical Cancer
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction Throughout the world and through the years, it is always a traumatic experience being
faced by patients diagnosed with cancer, popularly identified as "The Big C". There are several
challenges one has to face. Among the hundred of cases conducted on patients with cancer ,
particularly on women , the extraordinary reality is that the cancer is not always the most difficult
part of their lives. Instead , it maybe directed at problems of living that are related only tangentially
to cancer. "The Big C" – otherwise known as cancer – is the third leading cause of death in the
Philippines. In recent years, between the years 1980 to 1995, cervical cancer or cancer of the cervix
has been ranked amongst the most prominent types of cancer in the country, third only to lung
(ranked first) and breast cancer (second). It is interesting to note that cervical cancer is the first
gyne–type cancer that appears on the "Leading Sites of Cancer" list. This simply means that we are
aware of the dangers posted by lung and breast cancer. So much so, that significant time and
attention has been given to it to promote early detection and prevention.
Although we cannot singularly undermine these types of cancer, it cannot be denied that cervical
cancer has indeed claimed so many lives of women. It is impossible not to find a family that has lost
a sister, a mother, a grandmother or a friend because of this disease. Cervical cancer is an

A Process Evaluation For A Comprehensive Breast Cancer...
The article that is being analyzed is titled: Designing a process evaluation for a comprehensive
breast cancer screening intervention: Challenges and opportunities, the authors are Claire J. Vivadro,
Jo Anne L. Earp and Mary Altpeter, and the article was published 1997 in the Evaluation and
Program Planning, Vol. 20 No. 3 pages 237– 249.
The North Carolina–Based Breast Cancer Screening Program (NC–BCSP) was questioning if they
could increase African–American women's access to breast cancer screening, would this help
women determine their risk factors and seek further screening process? The goal was to decrease the
obstructions of the women in North Carolina to everyday health care, but at the same time increase
women's access to breast cancer screening, while making connections that could help women across
the state. The evaluated outcomes was to implement an education process so that there was a
tracking system that would determine if the participants were at the human health center and clinic
for their initial visit or a repeat visitor.
The NC–BCSP is a National Cancer Institute (NCI) sponsored undertaking that was designed to
increase African–American women of five (5) counties in North Carolina, access to education and
services for breast cancer screening processes. The NC–BCSP had designed the program to focus on
women 50 years old or older. The objective was to be completed through three categories. Those
categories were: InReach, Access and OutReach, The InReach

Cancer Is Defined By The National Cancer Institute
Sample of introduction: Cancer is defined by the National Cancer Institute as "the name given to a
group of related diseases. In all types of cancer, some of the body's cells begin to divide without
stopping and spread into surrounding tissues." Cancer can develop at almost any part of the human
body and anyone can develop cancer, although risk typically increases with age because most
cancers tend to require many years to develop. Typically, human cells tend to grow and divide and
ultimately form new cells as the body needs them. When an organisms cells grow old or get
damaged, the cells die, and new ones replace them. However when cancer develops, this orderly
process gets reformatted. As cells increasingly get more irregular, old or ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The importance's of staging cancer is to assist the doctor with planning appropriate treatments to
fight the cancer and also helps determine is treatment is a necessary option for patients.
Unfortunately cancer is an assembly of illnesses that can result in virtually any sign or symptom.
However the signs and symptoms associated with cancer are dependent upon where the cancer is
located, how big the cancer is, and how much of the cancer affects the organs and tissues that the
cancer is found in. If a cancer has metastasized (spread) to other regions of the body the signs or
symptoms will possibly appear their as well. Although cancer has no race limits cancer incidence
and death statistics reveal that certain groups of people that live in the United States are
disproportionately affected by cancer when compared to other groups which ultimately leads to
premature death. Despite there being substantial progress in the treatment of cancer regarding
screening, diagnosis, and prevention over the years; there are still significant disparities that exist
amongst groups of people with no clear explanation as to why they exist. Typically these
populations of interest are characterized by various factors such as ethnicity, geographic location,
income, or race. "The National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines "cancer health disparities" as adverse
differences in cancer incidence (new cases), cancer prevalence (all existing cases), cancer death
(mortality),

Case Study : The Summer Student Program
What's SSP All About?
The Summer Student Program is designed for students who want to immerse themselves in genetics
and genomics research. It emphasizes laboratory discovery, communication of knowledge, and
professional growth.
Students participate in an ongoing research program with the support of an experienced scientific
mentor. They develop an independent project, implement their plan, analyze the data, and report the
results. At the end of the summer, they present their findings to researchers, other students, and
parents.
One Program, Two Campuses
The Summer Student Program is available at The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine and The
Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine in Farmington, Connecticut. Outside the laboratory ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To apply go to this link. Read the information on this page. Click on admissions, housing and
dining, quick facts and research areas for a detailed description of the program.
https://www.jax.org/education–and–learning/high–school–students–and–undergraduates/learn–earn–
and–explore The STEP–UP Program provides hands–on summer research experience for high
school and undergraduate students interested in exploring research careers.
Program Highlights
8 to 10 weeks of full–time research experience
Students receive a summer research stipend
Students are assigned to a STEP–UP Coordinating Center to help coordinate and monitor their
summer research experience
Students are paired with experienced research mentors at institutions throughout the nation
Students are encouraged to choose a research institution and/or mentor near their hometown or
within commuting distance of their residence. Students are not required to relocate in order to
conduct their summer research.
Students receive training in the responsible conduct of research
All–paid travel expenses to the Annual STEP–UP Research Symposium held on NIH's main campus
in Bethesda, Maryland. Students are given the opportunity to conduct a formal oral and poster
presentation.
The STEP–UP Program is a federally funded program managed and supported by the Office of
Minority Health Research

Essay Gender and the Rates of Cancer
Cancer is very prevalent in America. It is one of the many diseases still left without a cure. Men and
women all the around world are affected by this disease as it continues to spread. There are many
different types of cancer that impact both men and women such as pancreatic, lung, breast, skin, and
many more types of cancer. Bailar and Gornik say that despite decades of basic and clinical research
and trials of promising new therapies, cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality
(1997). Whether you are male or female, cancer has the ability to terminate any one's life. Since
cancer is such a strong disease, many questions arise. One question is are females more prone to
worry about cancer than males? Do males have higher ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
White women rates increased 0.4% per year from 1970–1984 and remained stable between 1984
and 1998. For black men, the rates increased 0.5% per year from 1970–1989 and decreased by 0.9%
per year through 2009. For black women, the rate increased by 1.3% per year between 1970–1989
and decreased 0.5% through 2009 (Ma, Siegel, and Jemal, 2013).
Sample and Delivery The HINTS data was collected by a survey that provides changing patterns,
needs, and information opportunities in health, identifies changing communications trends and
practices and assesses cancer information access and usage. Hints collects nationally representative
date routinely about the American public's use of cancer–related information. The Hints data was
created to monitor changes in the rapidly evolving field of health communication. (HINTS website,
2014). Program planners are using the data to overcome barriers to health information usage across
populations. The HINTS data set sampled adults from underserved ethnic and minority populations.
Altogether, 13,260 people have been sampled. HINTS began in 2003, with a nationally
representative sample of 6,369 U.S. adults, including an over–sampling of key underserved ethnic
and minority populations (Hints.com).
Variables
The variables were collected from the HINTS dataset. The variables selected were "Are you male or
female" and "In general, I depend on numbers and statistics to help

The Inhumanity Of Animal Testing
Would you like to see animals suffer everyday because of a lab test? Just imagine seeing pictures
and videos of harmless animals being tested and tortured for human benefits. A research by Cruelty
Free International and Dr. Hadwen Trust estimates about 115 million animals are being used in
experiments all around the world each year. Animal testing should be prohibited and not be used for
research. The reasons are that the method of animal testing is very cruel and inhumane. Also most
experiments that scientists conduct, do not work and the life of an animal is wasted.
The method of using animals for lab testing is very cruel and inhumane. Studies show that when an
animal is in a laboratory, it feels lonely, trapped, isolated, and the animal is in complete misery. One
shocking fact is that the U.S law allows animals to be tortured and killed. They allow scientists to do
whatever they want to the animal to reach their goal. The scientists force the animals to drink
chemicals and many other things that can be harmful to them and that later ends up damaging many
parts of the animal's body. Even after the animals endure all the pain, they get put back into their
cage without having anything to stop the pain. Many animals are in danger of losing their lives due
to the cruelty and inhumanity of animal testing in labs.
Most of these experiments performed on animals do not work and their life is wasted. Dr. Michael
Bracken, professor of epidemiology at Yale University's School of

Effectiveness Of Successful Resilience Programs For Nurses
Shortcomings in the Literature
Although CF and resilience are relatively new areas of research, there are several studies that cite
their importance and benefit to combatting illness, nursing and patient quality of life, and retention
rates. As mentioned previously, CF adversely affects both nursing retention rates, as well as patient
outcomes. Hart, Brannan, and Chesnay felt a majority of factors in patient dissatisfaction were the
same factors that increased stress in nurses; thus, patient and nurse quality of life are inseparably
tied together. Preliminary studies show that resilience strengthening classes for nurses significantly
alleviates CF rates. However, no studies to date try to link these classes for nurses with patient
outcomes. Patients who have more resilience have better outcomes, especially long–term and with
regard to their families. Research should be done to examine whether successful resilience programs
for nurses also affect both patient outcomes and patient resilience levels. If these are significantly
benefited by resilience programs, then resilience programs for nurses will have a greater reputation
among healthcare organizations. If both nursing and patient outcomes are benefited, the cost–
effectiveness and necessity of these programs will be realized, as well as advancement in healthcare
efficacy.
Proposal
Methods and Procedure
Given the previous research on CF and resilience within nursing and patient outcomes, a two–part
study developed to

The Negative Effects of Using Tanning Salons
Tall, fit, and tan... Sounds attractive? It is not to rare to encounter young teenage girls who's aims are
to achieve this "perfect" image. These looks are popularized through stars, models, and individuals
that the younger population look up to. Enforcing insecurity amongst teens, advertisements portray
these ultimate, beautiful, "natural" looks. However, what they do not portray is the time, effort, and
health risks involved. Unfortunately these teens do not take into consideration the harsh
circumstances that these procedures consist of. In other words, they are not aware of the after affects
that will alter their health along with their image. A large part of the population of the United States
including men and women, teenage or adult, are insecure about their body image. They're not lying
when they say, "Beauty is Pain." Many of these treatments and procedures people undergo
drastically change the look of their image. Given all these considerations the use of indoor tanning
salons has been a controversial topic to many people. The essential question is, should a federal ban
against the use of tanning salons by minors be enacted? Absolutely yes, minors should not be able to
use the amenities of tanning salons due to the long term affects that will disturb their well being. The
negative effects of using tanning salons do not overcompensate the temporary look enhancement. A
shocking article titled "Alarming Find: 29% of High School Girls Use Tanning Beds" by Liz

The Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing
What would you do if you were forced to live in filthy conditions, subjected to various tortures and
horrifying ordeals? This is the life of an animal kept as a tool for scientific research. The debate over
human animal testing has been ongoing for many years, starting as early as the 19th century.
However, animal testing has been recorded as early as 500 BC, and has been practiced ever since.
People have been advocating for more humane practices for animal testing since the 19th century,
when Queen Victoria publicly displayed her disgust at these practices. Scientists should not continue
animal testing because there are alternatives that are safer for the animals, the treatment of said
animals has been shown to be inhumane, and the testing done on some of these animals does not
even translate to humans. First off, there are many different alternatives to animal testing, and as
such it can be voided altogether. One way to avoid animal testing is to use in vitro testing. In vitro
testing is testing "within the glass." This means that the tests are done outside of the whole living
organism. This is a safer alternative because it does not directly affect the animal at hand, and
therefore the animal does not suffer. Another alternative is microdosing. Microdosing is the process
in which humans are given an extremely small dosage of the product at hand. With the incredibly
small dosage, the whole body is not affected, but the response can be observed at a cellular level.
This

Pesticides In Canada
Use of pesticide in farming has long been a topic of debate in both developed and developing
countries. Significantly, Canadian farming also relies heavily on the use of pesticides. In Canada,
Pest Management Regulatory Agency, a division of Health Canada regulates the use of pesticides.
Although, the Ministry of Environment has banned the sale of a large number of highly toxic
"pesticides for cosmetic purposes on lawns, gardens, parks and schoolyards....but the ban makes
exceptions for agriculture, forestry and golf courses, and for public health or safety issues" (News
Staff, 2009). However, this regulation does not wholly satisfy the majority of Canadians that
supports pesticide bans on a larger scale due environmental and health concerns. ... Show more
One of the most direct way of pesticides reaching the fish population is contamination of water
sources due to soil erosion, leeching, run–off and accidental exposure. This leads to mass death of
aquatic life forms due to poisoning and depletion of oxygen. Sometimes, pesticides intended to
eradicate a pest in one species has fatal outcome to another species. Two such pesticides, Alphamax
and Salmosan introduced in New Brunswick Salmon Farming Industry to fight sea lice infestation
has killed lobsters far away from the site of salmon farms. As stated by Wayne Moore, director
general of Regulatory Science for Fisheries and Oceans Canada, "Reports indicate that there are
potential (lethal) issues associate with Salmosan and Alphamax usage" (CBC NEWS, 2015). More
so, treating seeds of canola, soybean and corn with Neonicotinoid, a pesticide to ward off aphids
(insect pests), has been in practice since long in Canadian farming. Bird's ingestion of these treated
seeds or contaminated insects has been a major cause of an alarming decline in their population due
to poisoning. Certain bird populations like barn swallows, tree sparrow, common starlings and
chimney swifts are down by 75% in recent years. It is not just the birds that are affected by lethal
concentrations of the pesticides such as Neonicotinoid; the

Argumentative Essay: The Benefits Of Animal Testing
Animal testing is considered to be a cruel act of mankind for their own benefit. One might think that
we should find another way to replace animal testing as it is harming animals every day, but the
harsh reality is that they are a necessary part of ensuring the health and safety of all organisms in the
long run. The reality is that despite some scientists not being in favour of animal testing, they have
to use due to the lack of alternatives available to them. All drugs are regulated by the FDA and
therefore must be tested before released for public consumption, meaning that animal testing is
regulated and somewhat encouraged by the law. As it is a cheap, easy and fast way to place your
drug out for sale that may be beneficial to humans ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As we know, "Chimpanzees share 99% of their DNA with humans, and mice are 98% genetically
similar to humans"(http://animal–testing.procon.org/), hence they share common charactersitics with
humans. As chimpanzees share almost all of their DNA with us humans we are able to get results
that match and work with our DNA's therefore helping us find more cures. Similarly being 98%
genetically similar we are able to get results after testing drugs on mice and then apply these same
outcomes on humans, thus saving a lot of human lives through animal testing. In addition, there
aren't any other adequate forms of animal testing as even the smartest computers on Earth won't be
able to find out results which will be as reliable as animal testing. Thus, as animals and humans
share many similarities, animal testing is the best way to find cures as we have no other adequate
forms present today, and not to forget that it also saves human as well as animal

Health Literacy And Its Effect On Patient Safety Essay
Introduction Health literacy is the ability to read, comprehend, and utilize healthcare information in
order to make health related decisions based on the individual 's interpretation of this information
(Eadie, 2014). This includes the individual 's ability to "perform Internet searches, reading health
prevention pamphlets, measuring medication doses, and understanding and complying with verbal
or written health care instructions" (Eadie, 2014, p. 10). These barriers significantly affect patient
safety and require intervention from health care professionals. As we have learned in our previous
theory courses, many individuals experience some form of limited health literacy; however, "the
Institute of Medicine reports that 90 million American adults lack basic health literacy" (as cited in
Eadie, 2014, p.10).
Health literacy is important in patient management of health and disease because it can help avoid
medical mistakes. Patients who do not comprehend complex nursing instructions cannot
successfully adhere to the desired treatment regimen (The Joint Commission, 2007). This can lead to
negative health outcomes, although it is not the fault of the patient, but the provider for not assessing
what the client understands and where additional clarification is needed. After all, the health care
system is meant to serve all individuals in need of assistance, yet patients and their families are
challenged with navigating this convoluted system. Therefore, promoting health

The Medical Eye Institute And The National Cancer Institute

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Jessica Myers

More from Jessica Myers (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

The Medical Eye Institute And The National Cancer Institute