Influencing Group Communication

Influencing Group Communication
Cindy Cross
BCOM/230
April 24, 2011
Fran Carter
In any organization, a person can see the five bases of power at work, some powers more than others
depending on the individual in charge and the circumstances. The power used by such individuals
can affect communication within the organization, whether positive or negative. There are five bases
of power, being coercive, reward, legitimate, expert and personal.
Coercive power, reward power and legitimate power are all formal powers. A person's position in a
company can give him influence over others below him, thereby affording him formal power.
Coercive power is dependent on fear. A person reacts to this power out of ... Show more content on
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The Police Chief also has reward power in that he has the power to promote or give raises in the
department.
The Fire Safety officer in the department is a Sergeant, has been with the University 13 years, longer
than anyone else and is an expert in his field of work. Because of this, he exercises more of the
personal power, such as expert and referent power. When it comes to any information or equipment
for the Department, he is the "go to" guy. He has also served in a supervisory capacity before and is
second in command to eh Police Chief, as well as the event coordinator for the Department. When
he speaks on a matter, everyone for the most part listens and complies with his directives. Because
of his personality, many of the employees consider him approachable and communicate well with
him.
An example of legitimate power is exercised with the shift supervisors who consist of Sergeants and
Corporals. These ones have been given authority from the Police Chief to discipline individuals
under them on each shift or to handle petty matters. He backs these ones up on whatever decisions
are made on their shift provided it does not interfere with the policies of the University Police
Department. If problems do arise in the department, there is an open door policy where the
employees are welcome to discuss with the Chief or their immediate supervisor so that it can be
resolved as soon as possible.
In conclusion, the base of

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Communication In Groups: Life In The United States
Communication is a very important feature for groups. It helps members understand each other and
explain themselves. Our group was strong in the communication field because we understood each
other and gave every individual time to contribute ideas. The metaphor that we used was a brilliant
collaboration by all four of us. One member insisted on using a rollercoaster as an example, it
helped us get a totally different perspective on our topic. The members were of different countries
and spoke different languages; however, they tried their best to express their opinions and
experiences. The topic that my group chose was "Life in the United States", this topic was quite easy
for us to talk about. Since all of us are international students,

The Tuckman Model : The Phase Theory Of Group Communication
A small group is defined as three to fifteen people, but five to seven members will maximize the
groups efficiency (Valenzano, 2017). Groups are a part of every one's day to day life and are found
everywhere. Even from birth, one may have been involved in a group. Groups are found in schools,
careers, friendships, everything. Every group varies, and so one would have to learn how to work
with different types of people. Having a group to work on a project with can be a helpful thing or a
dreading thing. During the process of creating our group presentation, there were a variety of
communication concepts that "came to life," our group had a certain way we could work together,
and we figured out how to present the presentation effectively. According to "Small group
Communication" in Communication Pathways, there are two models of group development: Phase
Theory and the Tuckman Model. The Phase Theory of Group Development was built by several
scholars and their findings. In this model, there are four phases that a group will naturally go
through: orientation, conflict, emergence, reinforcement. The Tuckman Model of Group
Development is based on five different stages, rather than four, and it allows for groups to
potentially skip a stage and still accomplish their goal or task. These stages include forming,
storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. During the development of our group, I feel as if
my group fell more along the lines of Phase Theory rather than the Tuckman

Group Analysis: Online Communication Exercise
This group online communication exercise was quite different from other team assignments I have
previously involved, and worked on in academic settings and professional situations. During the
scheduled time period, we were required to interact with teammates remotely and exchanged ideas
using selected electronic communication tool (i.e. Google Handouts). The case scenario was
provided to us at the start of this team exercise, we were tasked to identify and analyze issues that
placed the subjected company in crisis, and the finished product was to deliver our
recommendations to the board of directors via PowerPoint presentation within a couple of hours.
Given the assignment requirement of quick turnaround time, I anticipated that we would be ... Show
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After the case study was available for everyone to review, our leader quickly directed research
attention to specific frameworks illustrated in the textbook and asked everyone to choose parts to
work on, she also sought consensus for establishing time–based goal for the first segment of the
project. During the stage of exemplifying theories, I felt that I required more time than other
teammates to digest the information before providing the input to the group, but when I posted the
question during the progress, I received timely clarification from the team. Our leader continued to
inform the team of follow–up requests for the project, everyone communicated to provide the status
of task(s) involved and volunteered to take on additional tasks based on time permitted. During the
search of recommended book and video, I was slightly overwhelmed by massive messages coming
through the group chat and conducted the search myself simultaneously, but I managed to share
suggestions and discussed different perspective with the team. When the leader was notified of the
due time got pushed ahead, she immediately ended the group discussion on the book & video search
to jump on delegating tasks to tie up loose strings and requested confirmation on assigned
responsibilities from everyone.
This was a unique experience to produce the

The Muted Group Theory Of The World Of Communication
Abstract Muted Group Theory is essentially one group being subdued from another dominant group.
The most prevalent example throughout society has been men and women, men being the dominant
figure, and women being mute. The Muted Group Theory is one that explains why women or other
minorities feel more constrained and obligated to conform to dominant figures. In the world of
communication, men seem to have more influence over women especially in linguistics. Not only is
language an important aspect throughout this theory, advertising has remained a crucial part as well.
Advertising depicts women and minorities to be mute throughout images, rather than language. It is
important to understand Muted Group Theory when dealing with men and women and the power
each gender has. Keywords: muted, men, women, theory, dominant Muted Group Theory When the
word mute comes to mind many think of being silent or refraining from speech. Being mute is
essential in regards to defining Muted Group Theory because of the specific groups that are inclined
to be mute within a society (women and marginalized groups). Muted Group Theory embodies
women and other minorities as non–existent in terms of communication and social patterns when
dealing with men. Both women and minorities are expected to conform to the dominant group, such
as men. In terms of communication, language is essentially man–made; therefore women have not
developed the language to be at equal terms with men, resulting in women

Ulu Maik The Role Of Group Communication In A Group
I always thought that working in groups meant one or two people doing all the work and the rest just
goofing off. But in our group each individual had a specific task that they had to perform to make
sure the group assignment got done. The group consisted of 9 people who are as followed; Christian
Clark, Reilyenne Nahulu, Michel Rivera, Hunter Salavea–Timoteo, Kashalynn Vergara, Paola
Guadalupe Gonzalez, Kobee Ledward, Bryje Ahia, and Jeremie Saludares. The analysis covers the
importance of an interesting topic, preparation needed, roles I played, things that went well in our
group, could've done better, and the two important things about group communication. Our group
chose 'Ulu Maika an interesting topic. An interesting topic is important ... Show more content on
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I learned two important things about group communication. Sitting in a circle makes talking easier
for everyone because then you will have clear eye view of who is talking. This helping eliminate
any miscommunication with not knowing who said what and being able to be heard a lot easier with
the open space. The book states "An essential task of the meeting facilitator is to orchestrate
meaningful interaction during the meeting so that all group members have the opportunity to share".
Having a circle makes it a lot easier for everyone to be heard by going in a order and taking turns
with who will be talking next making sure not to skip anybody so everyone will be heard. Working
in groups takes much coordination so that everybody will continue to work effectively. The book
states "To contact members when questions or issues arise even if you're not in a scheduled
meeting". This being a major part of group communication being able to adjust your time to help out
somebody who has a question or concern. The group Imessage really helped at times like this to
help coordinate with who would be answering the question based off what the question regarded but
still including everybody in the conversation so nobody will be left out and everybody would still be
updated with everything that's going

Comm 140: Small Group Communication
What is it that you want to know ?
I am considering being a communication major because I have an appreciation for verbal and
nonverbal messages. I believe that through strategic and knowledgeable engagement with another
party you can relay your message successfully to your audience. Communication is a complex
discipline because of the distinct paths an individual may chose to take while exploring this major.
The topics that stand out the most to me from my previous Communication courses that I have
taken, topics that stand out to me is group development and leadership roles. In Comm 140: Small
Group Communication we focused on how a group is created, identified the characteristics of each
member of a group, and analyzed the lifespan of a group's existence. ... Show more content on
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CITATION:
Ferguson, N. S., & Burkhalter, J. N. (2015). Yo, DJ, Thats My Brand: An Examination of
Consumer Response to Brand Placements in Hip–Hop Music. Journal of Advertising,44(1), 47–57.
doi:10.1080/00913367.2014.935897
2. FROM THE INTRO/LIT REVIEW SECTION:
Synthesize the researchers' lit review in only one or two sentences. The effectiveness of brand
placement in media outlets are under investigation, which subtle brand placement versus strategic
placement are repeatedly compared. Previous theories support that repetition has received a better
retention rate in consumer behaviour due to the benefit of allowing consumers to process the brand
(Pham and Vanhuele 1997). 3. FROM THE METHOD SECTION(S):
Describe in only one or two sentences what the researchers did in the study.
Fifty undergraduate participants listened to a song and then surveyed to decided amongst pre–
selected brands to that best and least represent brands. There were four songs that the brands Phat
Farm and Abercrombie were incorporated followed a structure and standards in order to avoid brand

Group Communication Video Cases Paper
Group Communication Video Cases Paper
Ephraim Iivula
PSY/430
June 13, 2011
Nicole Darling
University of Phoenix
Group Communication Video Cases Paper The model of a group communication that attains its
objective with easy and success requires a delicate process. An ideal group communication ranges
from three to few members gathered and discussing strategies to accomplish a specific goal. Groups'
formations are the result of an old truism that more brains are better than one. Consequently, groups
continue to define people's daily collective efforts to solve problems an immense way. "When
groups work effectively, members find the experience motivating and rewarding. Group members
also learn a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This aspect of fostering implicit norms, the group composition, member acquaintance, and an in–
depth knowledge of the topic helped this group communication. Moreover, the presence of men and
women brings diversified views on the table and creates no hindrance to the group communication.
"An effective group has both a clear understanding of its goal and a belief that its goal is meaningful
and worthwhile" Engleberg & Wynn, 2010, p34. In this case, the hindrance to progress comes
as the debate on enrollment and course relevancy reaches a stalemate. Besides, the expression that
says," Students will vote with their feet," reveals that the suggested offering is not in the best interest
of all stakeholders placing the goal attainment in doubt. According to Tuckman and Jensen, "There
are five discrete stages in the life cycle of groups–forming, storming, norming, performing, and
adjourning" Engleberg & Wynn, 2010, p46. This group communication fell short of the
necessary performance that helps to reach a decisive goal and provide a necessary adjournment to
the discussion. The group communication methods should satisfy all discrete stages in the life cycle
of groups particularly performing and adjournment as observed earlier. Helping Annie Video Verbal
and Nonverbal Interaction Among the Members of the Group A social nurse convened a meeting

Group Communication And Group Analysis
Within the groups that I have been facilitating, as well as individual meetings, I have been very
mindful of my communication with those whom I have been interacting with. I am constantly
working to use open ended questions, being reflective and summarizing what I hear. The group
topics that I choose are on a multitude of subjects. When considering what groups to hold I take into
consideration the topic I feel they would benefit from, I speak with staff and get input from them as
well as the clients who participate in the groups. I follow the same routine with topics that I present
to individuals as well. I feel that the individuals as well as the groups will be more receptive and
engaged when they are interested in the topics. I personally

Small Group Communication Paper
Provide an example of the
(a) Transactional,
In small group communication, all kinds of group members are both senders and receivers who at
the same time send and receive verbal and nonverbal messages. For instances, in the work
environment when a project has to be done the manager will give the working group the instructions
on what does he want, if anyone in the group does not understand the instructions or need
clarification this employee will ask the manager to clarify them in a simple way.
(b) Symbolic,
Our capacity to use and respond to a system of significant symbols. Verbal and nonverbal
communication. The book use the examples of the nation's flag, obscene words or public display of
affection (Harris & Sherblom, 2010, p. 7). On all these examples every person will react different to
each one. On the case of the flag, we can make ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
32). When everyone in a group goes their own way to get the same result.
What are the functions of norms in groups? Using examples of your small group interactions in your
current or previous workplaces, discuss some norms you observed. How did you identify these
norms? How did you adapt to these norms?
Group norms identify the personality of the group and how they relate to each other, in addition it
shows every member position on the group leadership. Group norms vary based on the group and
issues important to the group. Without group norms, individuals would have no understanding of
how to act in different group situations. In my work group everyone has a different function, every
task is given to all the employees in according with the difficulty of the task. Meaning, if one
employee is better doing one task and my manager needed it quickly, that employee will get the
project and the others will help the co–worker in–charge in anything needed

Group Communication Paper
Memorandum To: John Phoenix (New Hiring Manager) CC: From: Date: October 3, 2010 Re:
Helpful Tips in the New Position After working in this position for a while working in groups and
introducing new group members is a key ingredient in building teams and relationships. In groups
and teams, relationships are the feelings, roles, norms, statuses, and trust that both affect. They
reflect the quality of communication between a person and others. The variables that have an
important effect on relationships are made with others in small groups. These are the roles a person
assumes, the norms or standards, the group develops, the status differences that affect the group's
productivity, the power some members have, the trust that improves ... Show more content on
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The five stages of developing groups is an important part of the position. In many cases it is the
relationships that a person will have with other individuals who will determine the best members to
put into the different groups. As well, the different skill sets that individuals have are also an
important part in placing group members together. The observation of the first groups placed
together will be a good gauge in learning how some of the individuals work and observing how
others work well together. The group size should be eight to 10 people to facilitate greater ease of
equal participation among the individuals. Barriers that Exist in Group Communications Next, the
barriers that exist in group communication are premature evaluation of ideas, poor physical
surroundings, too many people, poor timing, and stinking thinking. The different ideas made from
the group need an evaluation at a certain time; this is done only after all the ideas have been made
from the group. Poor physical surroundings can be a problem for group disruption in
communication. In some cases the room could be too hot, too cold, too noisy, not adequate enough
seating and lack of technological needs for the group to function. If the group is too large then the
communication can be lost and equal participation will not occur (Beebe &Masterson, 2006).
Poor timing also can be a hindrance to the group by not

Focus Group Communication Methods
Select the methods for communication and collaboration that best fit your area of focus and
implement them as training for the Mobile Division management team
Various communication and collaboration methods have been developed in ensuring communication
is effective within an organization. The mobile division needs both an effective collaboration and
communication techniques that would ensure there is unity and cooperation among the different
groups within BOLDFlash Company. One communication method that would best fit this area of
focus is the face to face communication method. Most business organizations hold face to face
communication in the form of conferences and meetings in order to solve various problems. Various
factors must be put on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, immediate feedback can be provided as the training occurs while the employee
learning also performs the task simultaneously. The feedback is therefore readily available and in
case of any corrections which may need to be made, they are made straight away. This result into the
second advantage associated with this technique which involves swift remediation in cases where
the task has been performed in way that was not wanted. This method is also accompanied with
various disadvantages; for instance, it may result into slowdown in the production of the employee.
This is highly expected from the fact that the employee is in a training situation that also involves
carrying out of the task in which one is being trained to become. This technique can also result into
disruption of workflow within an organization. This may be due to the failure to perform the work
as required (Barnlund,

A Research on Team and Group Communication Processes
Team and Group Communication Processes:
The systematic description on the nature of the processes of communication in several areas
including businesses and organizations is known as communication theory. Organizations and
businesses are required to understand the concept of communication theory because the achievement
of organizational and business goals is dependent on effective communication. Communication
theory focuses on examining the process of transmitting information from the sender to the receiver.
Furthermore, communication theory analyzed the various means for transfer of information from
one medium to the other. As people across the globe have been working with several communication
theories, these theories provide an abstract understanding of the process of communication.
A theoretical explanation of communication processes is usually provided when professionals across
various fields talk about their communication strategies, types, and effectiveness (Dainton, 2004). In
the healthcare sector, primary health care team members and other caregivers or service providers
are usually required to communicate effectively with one another in order to enhance the quality of
service. This is largely because there is a direct relationship between communication and team or
group effectiveness.
Team and Group Communication Processes in the Healthcare Field: According to current theories
on teamwork, groups or teams work more effectively when all members actively

Communication Competence In A Group
Communication competence is the first thing every new group member should understand before
beginning a group project. Communication competence is "considered very broadly as an
impression that behavior is appropriate and effective in a given context" (Spitzberg, 2000). This
includes being effective by having a wide range of behaviors and being in the "we", not "me"
mentality, being appropriate by complying with the group rules, have the knowledge to learn the
rules and know how to be a proper asset in your group, having empathy or being sensitive towards
your group members, staying committed to your group, and lastly being ethical. Our groups
communication was very competent. When it came to group decision making, there was no hint of
individuality, none of the members had a me mentality, but instead we all as a group put what we
wanted aside to agree on a board game that would be the most appropriate for the assignment. For
example, I wanted to play poker instead of monopoly but due to the fact that I was the only one in
our group that knew how to play poker I quickly agreed with monopoly. Furthermore, all the group
members showed commitment, and ethics. Many of us had a busy week schedule to include work
and other classes so when we were able to settle on a time and date for a meeting everyone stayed
committed to the schedule and arrived on time. While we had these group meetings and game nights
everyone in the group was respectful towards each other by not making any rude remarks or
aggressiveness when there was disagreement and being responsible by not attempting to cheat to
win
Group Climate is defined by Rothwell as "the emotional atmosphere, the enveloping tone that is
created by the way we communicate in groups" (105). Group's can have either positive or negative
climates. Our group displayed a positive climate. We treated each other well and fairly, we were all
flexible with our busy schedules in order to have group meetings and whenever someone had a last
minute work shift change interfering with out meeting we quickly reorganized without any harsh
feelings. Furthermore, our group showed a lot of supportive communication and almost no
defensive communication. We did not need to make any positive or

Regis Philbin: Group Communication Analysis
The Apprentice DVD Clips of Isaac Mizrahi and Regis Philbin show various styles of collaboration
amongst particular individuals. When someone is placed in a group setting, it is easy to tell how a
person feels by the type of environment they are exposed to. Body language, facial expressions,
vocal characteristics, personal appearance and even how someone uses their space, tells a lot about a
person. It is simple to figure out where a conversation is headed by a polite gesture, versus an
aggressive shrug of the shoulders. In other words, the way someone enters a room sends a strong
message.
Isaac Mizrahi
In this clip, the first communication issue concerns group dynamics. The roles for each individual
are clear and the group comes out effective, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, Tammy rolls her eyes in disgust when Amy has a suggestion, which creates a nasty
facial expression from Tammy. Regis senses Tammy's attitude and is more comfortable talking to
Amy. He favors Amy's approach because she has a better judgement of character and has shown
respect for what he wanted from the beginning. Amy payed attention to Regis's likes and dislikes,
where Tammy expressed hostile behavior, which led to success for Amy and disappointment for
Tammy. Regis is more comfortable with Amy's approach to "A day in the life of Regis" because she
offers a casual and familiar setting with his favorite team, Notre Dame, and involves making an
appearance at the night show, including dinner. This was much more pleasing than Tammy's exotic
approach of two nights out with guests of her choice and the guest's favorite destination over
Regis's. Regis clearly did not want to travel or go out of his comfort zone for anyone. He would
rather stay in Atlantic City, where he does night club acts and has a normal night out with people he
knows, while participating in the dress rehearsal night

Individual Roles: Group Communication Analysis
Roles: Our individual roles were not very clear from the beginning and because of that we ended up
not filming until the days before the draft was due. One of the group members insisted on using
Facebook as the means of communication between our group. I tried to get the group to meet up a
couple to times in person to sort out what we were going to be doing, but they were not on Facebook
and we did not exchange numbers so it was hard to get hold of people. When we did meet up only
half of the group members ever attended which made it complicated because not everyone wasn't
there to hear what was said. Even when we were there we got nothing written down as they kept
saying we cannot do anything until we hear what Gareth has to say about the Transitions. I felt our
roles just become complicated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of the reviews were about the transitions and ideas on how we could make it better. Some
were about making it more clearly in the loop itself and where we could change it to make it clearer
of the loop itself. I also, after reading the reviews found that most of them talk about how the sound
could have been applied to the clip, so it would better suit the clip itself.
Weakness into strengths: I believe if we had organised ourselves to meet up from the beginning to
share when we all would be free to do i.e. sharing our timetables and sort out who would be free to
do some work on the assignment and when they could do it. Divide the up the workload so everyone
would contribute to the assignment and that way we all have put our fifty cents in and no one would
be left out. I feel that our most obvious weakness is our communications, if we had taken some time
from the beginning and not rush it, we would have made something that we all have contributed to
and proud of the

Group Communication
| Bravo Team Company BCOM/230 |
Memo
To: | New Manager, Edward Seibert | From: | [Your Name] | cc: | Cindy Perry, Brain Brennan,
Angela DeLoach | Date: | August 4, 2014 | Re: | Group Communication | | |
Welcome Edward to Bravo Team Company. We have many different groups within Bravo Company,
and as a manager you will need to be up to speed quickly on some of the common communication
barriers within the company. The common barriers, such as Disruptive team members, language,
listening, and group think, are some of the ones that we have seen in the past. I have given examples
and also techniques on how some managers have handled these barriers. I also wanted to let you
know a little about conflicts in groups, which can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The same is also true with the use of slang in conversations. Remember that English might not be all
the team member's first language.
* Listening Barrier
Another type of communication barrier is the listening barrier. Listening is harder than you think.
You have to become an active listener. You need to pay attention to what a team member is saying.
If you do not pay attention in meetings, then you may look like you do not care about what others
have to say. If you are trying to focus on when you can jump into the conversation, it may make you
seem unable to relate to others around you. Once George came in to see me, and I was working on
the financials. I knew he had come in, and I thought I was listening, but I need to get the reports
done. He spoke to me, I must have answered him, but when I finished. I thought back to why
George had come in, and I could not remember. So, I had to go and ask George what he had asked
before which was a little embarrassing. So, I had to figure out how not to have this happen again.
* A Technique that I have found helpful, as I am guilty of not actively listening, is to make sure I
focus on what people are saying. It is difficult to do, as you may want to rehearse what you want to
say. If you use active listening, you should be able to see when there is a pause and be able to jump
into the conversation. I am guilty of having people walk into my office, and because I

Communication with Various Groups Paper
Communicating with Various Groups Paper
Angelica De La Cruz
Eileen Carlin
CJS/205 Composition for Communication in the Criminal Justice System
October 12, 2015
The definition of communication varies when it comes to the situation. Communication can be
derived from a conversation amongst one another or communication can lead to an interview (for a
job, a case, or to obtain information). "Human communication is the way in which humans
exchange meaningful ideas with one another" (Justak, 2014). Communication is the first instrument
that humans used in their process to socialize, interact with others can be defined as the process of
sending information, to convince others to understand our point of view and build relations. What is
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I interviewed my mother who is 73 years old and has lived through many things (good and bad). I
sat and asked her what her favorite childhood memory was? She lived a life of poverty that just
about anything that didn't have to do with helping out around the house, with her siblings, or her
parents were gratifying. However, this is one story that I have heard from her countless times. Her
favorite childhood memory was going to school and being asked to sing in front of the classroom.
The feeling that nothing mattered in the world that money couldn't even compare to this emotion.
Though too many school isn't exciting because we are obligated to go, but to her it was a privilege
to attend school since back in those days not many children could attend school because there was a
higher demand to help at home that education wasn't an option. As she recounted this story I noticed
a face of mixed emotions. Her expressions and her voice would have happiness in them yet they also
had sad emotions.
Gathering stories from two different individuals with a big age gap consisted of several issues. My
daughter would pause during her story to try to remember what exactly happened. The voice
intonation and body language would at times lead me to believe she could possibly be lying about
some of the things that happened (Justak, 2014). Their where pieces of the story that she couldn't
recall and would skip what happened next or jump on to the

Small Group Communication : An Effective Communication
Khalid Alanazi
June 12, 2015
COMM 2110
Small Group Analysis Paper
1. Small Group Communication
The small group communication is an interpersonal communication within groups between thirty to
twenty individuals. It is very important to have a quality communication such as information–
sharing behavior and helping attitude among the members of group. The positive attitude and
productive relationship between the group members help in increasing the performance of group.
For quality communication, all the group members are required to identify with the group and they
must participate in interaction and must have strong commitment with the team members.
2. Theories or Concepts of Small Group Communication
Theories influence individuals in many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Henceforth correspondence can be considering a powerful in light of the fact that by the
correspondence objectives in gathering can be accomplished by gathering individuals. By useful
observation, analysts are anxious with perceiving structure and parts of gathering correspondence
that create the craved results of gathering (Hug, Beebe, & Masterson, 2004).
2.2 Symbolic Convergence Theory
Symbolic Convergence Theory is a general communication theory which explains the motives,
values, emotions and meaning for action are in the language and words that are created by the
individuals in order to make sense of their experience (Cragan, Wright, & Kasch, 2008).
The SCT explains how small groups come to create a unique symbolic identity that is a source of
motivation among group members and group pride. The unique symbol of a group also brings the
members close and they feel sense of oneness. In this theory, spoken and nonverbal messages are
considered as symbolic and meaning and shared understanding are referred to as convergence
(Larson, 2009).
2.3 Structuration Theory
The structuration theory distinguishes between systems such as norms, rules, policies, procedures,
practices, structures, small groups and other resources that system uses to function and sustain it.
According to structuration theory, small groups are like systems and they are either made by
structures or they produce structure.

The Importance Of Group Communication At Cyberbullying
The opportunity to do the group project helped put all of the readings and lectures into perspective
regarding group communication. Cyberbullying can be an intense topic, with people having
different experiences with it. It is also an extremely complex issue with a lot of gray areas and
unknown factors when considering prevention and response. Due to the nature of the topic of
cyberbullying, being able to establish a group process as outlined in class readings and lectures as
quickly as possible would be beneficial. In order to have tough conversations and to brainstorm
efficiently, there must be clear group standards to have the most productive conversation possible.
Through knowledge about groups, awareness of the explicit and implicit components of them, and
the ability to avoid negative group practices allowed our group to thrive. When group two first met,
no one sat at the head of the table, but rather along the sides. One student explicitly stated, "Who
wants to take the head chair and be the leader?" The lack of nonverbal leadership led to a few
moments of slightly awkward silence as the group questioned who should initiate the conversation.
According to Burgoon's theory of proxemics, the fact that no one sat at the head of the table
completely threw off the traditional dynamics that are usually seen in groups. In addition, everyone
sat in one chair away from one another, keeping the space personal, but not closer than 18' or so.
This highlights what was found with

G. T. 9: Effective Communication Among Group Members
G.T : 9(A) It is very imperative that leaders communicate among group members. Communication
is a way of sharing information through expressing ideas and thoughts about a subject. In addition, it
is important for leaders to communicate because it improves their leadership skills, keeps the group
focused at the task at hand, and lets the group stay organized at all times. Moreover, leaders being
able to communicate among group members helps the leader understand everyone opinion, take
their ideas into consideration, and find out whether the group has thoroughly understood their
discussion. In other words, it is important for leaders to communicate their ideas to their group
member in ways the group will understand. For instance, if the group

Effective Communication Among Group And Team Functioning
Communication is the sharing of ideas, thoughts and information between or among individuals.
The way we communicate varies greatly among cultures throughout the world and has an extremely
powerful impact within group and team environments. Effective communication enables us to
engage in enriching social interaction with others, and allows for the creation of environments
where group and team functioning can flourish. As simple as communication may seem, much of
what we express to others has the tendency of getting misunderstood, therefore acquiring a skilled
set of communication skills is crucial to the overall success of a team and group. Effective
communication is more than simply sharing information. It is important to understand the true
meaning and emotion behind the expressed information, and this can often become quite difficult
when the subjectivity and complexity of nonverbal cues gets thrown into the mix. Throughout this
paper, the meaning of communication and its application to group and team functioning will be
explored, as well as the powerful impact it has in the health care setting. Effective communication
amongst members of the health care team promotes teamwork and possessing an experienced and
competent set of communication skills as a nurse is absolutely critical in providing safe, therapeutic
and reliable care to patients. Similarities and Differences Between Groups and Teams "All teams are
groups, but not all groups are teams" (Zayed & Kamel, 2005).

Group Communication In Health And Social Care Essay
1. In a healthcare setting there are two main ways of communicating effectively. There is one to one
communication this is when there are just two people talking to each other the other is group
communication, this is when there are multiple people talking to each other and it is often more than
three people.
2. In a health care setting group communication can happen when there is a staff meet or when
nurses are on their break. These are just two situation in which group commination may occur.
3. Communicating in a group requires a different skill set to a one to one conversation such as
listening because there are more people that are talking and sharing ideas. You also need to be
confident because the most common fear is public speaking and ... Show more content on
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Group communication can be ineffective when there are people that decide to be disruptive and
refuse to do as they are told an example of this is in a class room. Another is when someone is not
good at taking control of the conversation and they don't share their ideas in a way that can be
understood.
6. Care professionals need to be able to communicate effectively because if it not effective errors
like not giving someone the right medicine could cost them their live and this will affect everyone
involved.
1. Professionals communicate in a formal way so that information is received and is understood also
using formal language in a health and care setting means everything is understood because when
speaking informally and using slang word may be misinterpreted and a message may not be
received as intended.
2. The difference between formal and informal communication is that formal is very official and
uses correct grammar and punctuation and informal is more relaxed and loose. This is normally used
when speaking with friends or family.
3. Care professionals may choose to communicate informally to other colleagues or possibly to
someone who doesn't speak a language well because it would be easier to break the language

Therapeutic Communication and Group Dynamics
In regards to therapeutic communication and group dynamics, I feel that I have an interesting
perspective. I function as a telephone triage nurse taking after hours calls for physicians, as well as
answering health advice questions for community callers. My current workplace is such that as
nurses, we work autonomously while on shift. For the most part, our coworkers at the time of our
shift are actually the doctors on call. However, in order for the dynamics of our departments to work
most effectively, we must work together as a team. I have made observations regarding the
dynamics of our team over the last several years in this unique position. I have found that those
nurses who are willing to put aside their own agenda, for the good ... Show more content on
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After all, if we are not able to be compassionate toward one another in the workplace, one would
assume that that eventually would translate to care of the patients. In regards to being a professional
nurse and leader in the aspect of directing a group, Jacobs, Masson, Harvill, & Schimmel (2012)
note that it is important to have a clear and direct purpose, know your audience, and direct the group
toward the intended purpose. Not only are these concepts important in the direct meeting of the
actual group, but also as promoting cohesiveness within the department. I feel that my
organizational skills and planning as a training nurse, and director of small groups, is very important
in the overall productivity of our department. I feel that having compassion for my fellow nurses, as
well as the professionalism needed to lead a group of peers, is an important skill to embrace. It is
also important to note that while providing education to a group, it is important for the facilitator to
not only provide important information, such as articles provided on mindfulness in the workplace,
but you also serve as a facilitator of the direction of the discussion (Jacobs et al., 2012).
Trust: Covenant of the Nurse Patient Relationship In this particular work setting, I have been given
the added responsibility of training new staff. In one such instance last year, I did notice the
violation of the nurse patient

Communication Skills in Group Interaction Essay
Communication Skills in Group Interaction
Abram maslow (1908) – deficiency needs for respecting and valuing individuals.
Tuckman (1965) m– four stages of group reformation
The actual interaction – this took place 18/12/10.30am
Seating pattern – dominating the group interaction
Seating pattern – effective group communication
Neil moonie (1996) – advanced health and social care
ONE TO ONE INTERACTION
Martin Seligman (1975) – helplessness in communication (2)
Actual interaction – taken place on 4/02/03 at 2.30pm (1)
Neil moonie – advanced health and social care
www.mental health.com
COMMUNICATION SKILLS WITHIN GROUP INTERACTION
INTRODUCTION
Communication ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, before this stage can take place there are such things which need to be taken into account,
the main thing would be 'deficiency needs'. These have been put into a pyramid which is shown
below:
It is important for any health and social worker to posses certain vital skills. They need to
understand how important it is to communicate and interact with other, along with knowing and

understanding their own individual needs. Basically Maslow (1) theory is explaining how an
individual person should strive to develop their individual ability and potential. Before the
individual can develop their own potential the levels in the pyramid will need to be met. This
deficiency needs play a role in fulfilling individual needs, and it is therefore it is imperative that
social and health workers are fully aware of these deficiency needs.
Communication that takes place in an early years setting has to that of a high standard to enhance
the potential of the clients, especially when working with children because they tend to pick up on
things much easier. Therefore teachers need to be trained, so they are fully aware of all their
communication skills they use, this even means from the way they dress to the manner in which they
speak to the children. Everything has to be adapted to the client's level, like the manner in which
they talk. Usually they would talk

Communication Plan For Fortescue Metals Group
. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This communication plan for Fortescue Metals Group (FMG) is
specifically devised to support FMG in engaging with their internal stakeholders. All stakeholders
take part in an important role in the corporation; however by using a strategic approach to internal
communication, a proactive strategy for long–term business success with internal employees will be
created. This will ensure a reinforcement of benefits, highlight key elements, and present specific
issues that need to be taken into consideration. Furthermore the process of planning and
measurement of the internal communication strategy will take place. Communicating effectively
with stakeholders is critical to refining productivity within a corporation and generally occurs once
the stakeholders understand the intended message that FMG has specifically constructed tailored to
their needs, wants, facts, etc. This internal communication strategy will deliver a concentrated plan
to communicate FMG's vision; it's mission, values, and goals and clearly communicates why
stakeholders are such a huge mechanism that drives the business. Gaining understanding from
FMG's employees will be communicated most efficiently via formal two–way internal
communication methods that support FMGs strategies as well as the consistent messages being
conveyed externally. 1.1 The benefits The objective of this strategy is to promote and nurture a
strong interaction within the corporation by creating a two–way

Analyse The Importance Of Communication In Groups
In group one, the main component that seems to be working the best for everyone is our
communication method. We developed a group message, primarily because texting is easily
accessible for all four of us and definitely a common form of communication we are all used to.
Moreover, Google Docs is also working well, I will share documents and open access for everyone
to edit. This seems to work efficiently because we are all extremely busy and can work on the
documents on our own time or at the scheduled meeting time. Moreover, everyone in the member
has open access to every document and can express their own thoughts regarding the writing. So far
in our group there has not been a significant problem which has emerged. Thus far, everyone has
completed

Team D
BCOM 230
September 13, 2010
MEMO:
To: Mrs. Johnson
From: Team D
Date: September 13, 2010
Re: Group Communication
Mrs. Johnson I would like to start off by saying congratulations on your new manager position
within the company. In your managerial position, you will have four employees who have worked
with the company for a period of time. The employees have worked and communicated well with
each other. Each person puts each others needs and the companies' needs before their own. While I
have been their manager, they have been very productive and have met all goals that have been
placed before them. Here are some tips on making your transition in becoming their new manager ...
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You would then have trouble listening to others or understanding the message conveyed to you.
Some examples are hostility, anger, resentfulness, and fear. The fourth barrier is lack of subject
knowledge. If you send a message with the lack of subject knowledge then the receiver may not be
able to convey your message clearly. The final barrier in communication is stress. Stress is one of
the major barriers faced by employees in most organizations. When a person is under stress, they
may have difficulty understanding the message. This will lead to communication distortion. Our
psychological frame of mind depends on our beliefs, experiences, goals, and values. Thus, we fail to
realize the essence of communication. You can overcome these barriers through effective and active
listening. To overcome these barriers, you will need to conduct personal interviews with your
employees. By doing this, you will discover the areas of difficulty and challenge within your group.
You will need to meet with each employee individually and discover their personal opinions and
experiences within the office. Make sure you ask precise questions about communication barriers.
You will need to develop a survey and require each employee to participate anonymously. The

survey should contain from 20–25 questions. The questions should be able to reflect all the barriers
in the office. Have your employees turn the survey in

Small Group Communication Analysis
This group project was very interesting. It was cool to examine the group teamwork that was
involved and to see the process that was involved. I've worked with many different groups, but have
never really looked at the way we operate and communicate. From what I observed I was able to see
what was effective during our project, and the specific roles each person took control of.
When we started the small group talk amongst ourselves Lauren Hall started it all. She kind of took
the lead with the project, which was very good. In the small group conversation we had a
communication network that could be considered an All–channel. An All–channel occurs when
"each member may communicate with any other member, allowing for the greatest member
participation"(DeVito, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Due to her being an emergent leader I believe the situational approach to leadership would show the
technique she followed. This is because she focused on "accomplishing the task at hand and ensured
the satisfaction of the members" (DeVito, 235). She demonstrated this by starting the group
conversation, and leading it to the delegation stage. Once we did this we all met in person. Once in a
group she was very vocal and helped everyone improve their parts of their project making the
presentation much better, and keeping everyone very satisfied. To me this is what a great leader
does. They empower their fellow teammates to do better. "Leadership is defined in two very
different ways" (DeVito, 233). The definition that she very much followed is this, "leadership is the
process of empowering others; the leader is the person who helps others to maximize their potential
and to take control of their lives" (DeVito, 233). This is exactly how she acted throughout the
project, which improved its final

Communication Is A Key Element For The Success Of The...
In a group, communication is a key element that contributes to the success of the group. Without
communication between group members, the tasks will not be fulfilled. This is why communication
was an important aspect in our team.
There were several forms of communication used throughout our project. Some included
communicating in person as well as communicating after class. However, when we began to work
on the interview portion of the assignment, we were all very busy and could no longer meet face–to–
face. This is when we decided to keep in touch through technology for future references. We did so
by communicating through an app called Groupme. By utilizing this app, we were able to control,
organize, and plan for all of the tasks required.
Another form of communication that we used during this time was Google Docs. Google Docs
allowed us to examine, edit, and comment on each other's assigned portion of the assignment. It was
extremely convenient and effortless to use. This is how we conclusively agreed on the final
submission of assignment.Overall, the communication within our team was efficient and successful.
II. Group Decision Making:
In our group, we wanted to make sure everyone's ideas and opinions were acknowledged. Since
there were five group members, we were able to avoid dilemmas because all of the decisions were
based on majority rule. In the case of a group member not being present during discussion hours, the
group leader would then make the final

Small Group Communication Reflective Study
Studying communications this semester I learned it is more than public speaking, but is focused on
how to effectively share opinions or information to broaden ones perspective. In my
communications class we focused on listening skills, interpersonal communications, and small
group communication. Listening skills were developed when we did speech critiques on our group
members. In addition, we listened to other speeches or Netflix shows to analyze communication
methods. In class, we examined what makes up interpersonal communications including nonverbal
skills, verbal skills, and development of ideas using evidence. In addition, we worked on own skills
by writing and delivering 3 speeches on a topic of our choice that we are passionate about. This
helped me define how I communicate my own opinions to others. Small group communication was
matured when we worked on a group speech on how to improve articulation skills. I had to work on
speaking up and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I focused on explaining why yoga has become so popular in present society. My intent with this
speech was to clear up misconceptions about yoga, explain why it has become more modern, and
how people benefit especially students from yoga practice. My performance and writing in this
speech improved and I was able to convey my key points in a way that connected to my audience. It
was noted by both my professor and fellow classmates that I made my speech more personal which
connected to my audience better. My delivery improved because I had better verbal skills with clear
articulation and used an energetic tone. I still had issues with over–reliance on my speech aid and
lacking body movement. I had okay eye contact which negatively affected my relationship with the
audience. After this speech my goal was to spend more time developing my writing and have more
body movement during my

Group Communication Essay
Group Communication Effective group communications come in forms of verbal and non–verbal
techniques. Essential parts of the entire group's contribution are that the group contains full
participating members, the group is diverse, and that the diversity is recognized and respected
(Hartley, 1997). In the videos viewed, three were evaluated on the effective and ineffective
communication skills of the participants and suggestions made on how they could improve. The
videos are titled, "Planning a Playground", "Helping Annie", and "The Politics of Sociology.
Planning a Playground
For the impact diversity plays on group member's communication styles, I choose the video titled
"Planning a Playground". In this video, community ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Written material could be prepared before the group met and used to make occurrences clearer to
members, who have no knowledge of the subject. The other method is telephones, which can assist
the members to gain better understanding of each other. In the use of telephones there is the reduce
chance of discrimination since the members can not see each other (if they have not met prior– in
some incidences here).
Annie
To address the verbal and nonverbal interaction among the members of a group the video titled
"Annie" best illustrates this. In the video there is clearly both listening and miscommunication going
on. The setting of this video is that the title character, Annie is a high school girl, who seems to be
suffering from a possible eating disorder as well as depression (Understanding Relationship–
Helping Annie, 2008). A nurse from a school has called upon a meeting with a psychiatrist and a
social worker to seek out a possible treatment plan for Annie. In "Annie", again the physical setting
and placement of participants play an important part in the communication style. Two of the
members are sitting side–by–side on a couch while the third person sits in her desk chair across
from the couch. The person in the chair is not only able to make eye contact with the other two but
also is in a physical position to see their verbal and non–verbal communications. The two

Effective Group Communication Report
Running head: EFFECTIVE GROUP COMMUNICATION REPORT
Effective Group Communication Report
Sha'Donna Bailey, Natasha Goffe, Tameka Jones, Shirlene Livingston, & Jamise Shoaf
University of Phoenix
COMM/102
CC09UC06
Barbara Washington
August 20, 2009
Effective Group Communication Report Have you ever been in a situation to where you need to
communicate effectively but failed to do so based on certain circumstances? Well, team 'A'
experienced a communication hurdle in one of our classes. On June 8th 2009, a group of strangers
met together at The University of Phoenix in class Gen/200.It was a small class of 12, who all
looked somewhat nervous. The instructor began explaining the class and the main subject matter. ...
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Because of that team member's low concern for people and cooperation he/or she may enjoy conflict
with the willingness to sacrifice her own relationships with others in order to win" (Thomas–
Kilmann 1974). Based on the team's previous conflict scenario, the new group member who was
added demonstrated a personality of competition. She joined the group with a "miss know it all"
attitude and expected everyone to do things her way, with a lack of team effort. This type of team
member may be a great asset to the team for the sake of group to group competition but may cause
confusion in the team due to their wanting to defeat or win over others. . "Collaboration which
Kilmann's inventory refers to as the (win–win orientation) is the best style of conflict to articulate
within a team. This particular conflict style creates a complete since of common ground to where all
individual can benefit equally. This format ironically takes a little "compromise" conflict style to
achieve successfully". (Thomas–Kilmann 1974). If all team members strived to have a high concern
for results and assertiveness then they would become more open to concerns and constructive
feedback. In many professional conflicts it is healthy to have communication strategies to

Communication Is The Act Transporting A Message Between A...
What is communication?
Communication is the act transporting a message between a group of people. There are many
different ways of communication such as;
 Group communication
 One to one
 Informal
 Formal
 Etc.
This is important in all 'Health and Social care' and 'early years' settings, such as; Preschools, Care
homes, Nurseries, Hospitals, Ambulance services, Fire services, and many more. We use it via
speech (verbal communication), messaging, notes (written), and such as. This is used in a group of
people or when one to one, such as in a preschool classroom, and when a doctor is speaking with
their patient on their medical information. There are many types of communication and almost all
affected is by your tone, clarity, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An example of this in health and social care is a doctor speaking to his patient. He needs to be calm
with and peaceful, with clear meaning so as to not worry and stress the service user with clear
information and explanations. They need to make sure the patient understands what the doctor is
sharing with them, and to answer any questions or assure any uncertainties they have about the
situation. Another example is a teacher talking to an early year's child, they need to be clear and
confident with the message they are carrying across, with clear and simple instructions for the
children to follow. They need to sound engaging and exciting to keep the child's interest, and strict
where needed with limits so as to teach the children how to behave, and to show them what is right
and what is wrong.
Non–verbal communication:
Non–verbal communication is communicating without the use of speech and your voice, and this
can come in the forms of gestures, body language, sign language, facial expressions, touch or
contact, signs, symbols, picture, objects, and various other visual aids. etc. Non–verbal
communication addresses the messages we share to express our thoughts and opinions without the
use of speech. This is a casual and almost effortless way of communication for those capable of
movement and sight, for it is easy to wave someone over or to wave hello. It is quite common in
every day

Small Group Communication Essay
Small group communication refers to interactions among more than two people who share some
kind of relationship, communicate in an interdependent fashion, and collaborate toward some shared
purpose (O'Hair & Wiemann, 2011). According to O'Hair and Wiemann (2011) you share an identity
with the other members and have feelings about them (for better or worse); you likely have common
goals, and you are interdependent, you rely on them, and they on you, for love, friendship, or
professional growth. We often seek and join groups because we need a service or access to
information. We may also be drawn to a group because we admire the group or its members. The
function of small group communication is to place individuals with different skill sets

Small Group Communication Analysis
Through the course of this semester, each member of our group has developed different roles and
these roles have played an important part in our group. However, it was not until the peer
evaluations assignment in the end of the semester that we realized the major roles we have played in
our small group communication, but we realized it over the whole semester. According to the list of
informal roles that group members can assume by Benne and Sheats, our group leader Qihong
Zheng is the recorder and group observer. Jingting Sun is the orienter (summarizer) and Standard
setter. Yu Ge is the coordinator and compromiser. Zhe Su is the elaborator and encourager. Jiaxin Li
is the opinion seeker and follower. Tianyi Huang is the energizer and gatekeeper.

Rapport: Group Communication Analysis
Rapport is a platform for a relationship, built through a middle ground connection. It is essential to
build rapport with group members, in group work, to facilitate the task at hand. During the initial
group meeting, I attempted to build rapport with members of my group to get to know them and
their goals better. After the initial meeting concluded I had confidence in knowing that my group
members and I had the abilities to work well together. Moreover, rapport can be built through subtle
influences such as, mirroring behaviors, head nods and the language utilized when communicating
with people. Other forms of rapport include, finding topics of interest and complimenting people on
matters they find important. The first attempt I made to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When talking about policing I knew I had built Jesse's rapport as he was nodding his head and was
conversing as if we were on the same page. I questioned Jeff after and found out we are in two
different programs. After hearing this I knew I had to approach him in a different manner and I then
asked him where he worked. From there our conversation came with ease, as I shop where he
works; afterwards, I could tell I built rapport with Jeff as he was mirroring my hand gestures and
tone of voice. Jian, the other group member is my friend and we did not need to build rapport but
simply maintain it by questions of interest to each other. If our group continues to maintain the
rapport, without breaking it, we will be able to fulfill the task at hand.
Seemingly, rapport is broken from a disinterest in the person, no mutual interests and difficult
personalities. By proper communication and focus on the goal, relationships are maintained in order
to complete the task. Measures can be taken to repair rapport such as, open and honest
communication, understanding of differences and understanding other's goals.
Mentioned previously, rapport can be built, maintained and broken. After building rapport with
members of my group I know each member has positive attributes to bring forward. Through
positive communication and willingness to participate; our group will be able to complete this
upcoming group project with simplicity. Rapport does not only assist with group work, but in
everyday communications as

Alive : An Observation Of Small Group Communication
Alive: An Observation of Small Group Communication On October 13, 1972, flight 571 crashed in
the Andes carrying a rugby team along with its family and friends. Out of the 45 passengers and
crew members, there was a total of 29 fatalities. Over the course of 72 days, people either died due
to weather, injury or an avalanche leaving only 16 survivors. This group of people had to turn to
desperate measures including cannibalism in order to survive. Their will to survive and strength to
motivate each other is one many conclude as a miracle. How one may ask a group of people
survived in the Andes for 72 days? The answer is communication. The film Alive (1993) directed by
Frank Marshall recalls the events that happened on those mountains in 1972. In this event, the goal
was to survive no matter what it takes. Through group communication, group development, and
leadership, we can further observe that this small group successfully achieved their goal.
Group Communication Group communication, according to Engleberg, "is the interaction of three or
more interdependent members working to achieve a common goal" (pg. 3). In this film, the
remaining 16 survivors worked together to achieve a common goal; survival. Working towards a
goal is no easy task. A group consists of components, which make it necessary to function. These
components include: members, goals, work, interaction, and interdependence. Members and
interaction go hand in hand. The more the members, the more the

corporate communication strategy of an organisation(...
Executive Summary
Corporate organisation strategy differentiates between macro or corporations, micro or business–
units, enterprise as well as their function and active strategies which are depended on identity,
culture, strategy and product. With reference to the above, each corporation or business–unit
operates at different levels and structure but to achieve the organisational goal, their communication
strategic processes must be coherent and consistence.
The concept of corporate communication strategy as a functional strategy has provided focal point
and direction to the corporate communication function. As a functional strategy used to develop
communication plans and implementations, it showcases the relevant of its function to the ... Show
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This demand became a turning point in public relation practice that visualises themselves earlier as
an in– house journalist or press a gentry but globalisation has made it to become more of a corporate
communication practitioner (Grunig & Hunt, 1984).
Collins &Montgomery (1998) defines corporate strategy as an independent possibility established
by an organisation for easy creation of value and a planned coordination of its multi–market
activities. Drucker (1954) alleged that many organisations have their corporate strategy which is
seen as a forecast of where the organisation intends to be positioned in the future with a planned
decision on what they need to do to achieve the vision than thinking on how it will be done.
The use of corporate communication to describe the Public Relations practitioner has recently
gained an acceptance among scholars and practitioners (Groenewald, 1998:58). Moreover, the term
could be used interchangeably to showcase that the function of Public Relation or corporate
communication involves both internal and external communications of an organisation (Steyn,
1999). Cornelissen (2011) observed that corporate communication apart from coordinating all the
interactions that goes on both within and outside the organisation, it also involve establishing and
maintaining constructive reputations with stakeholder groups upon which the organisation is

Influencing Group Communication

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