Dna Evidence And The Justice System

Dna Evidence And The Justice System
Considered one of the most reliable forms of evidence, in many criminal cases in DNA evidence. Since the 1980s, DNA analysis has continued to
make steady progress as an adjunct to police investigations. DNA can be collected from blood, hair, skin cells, and other bodily substances. Similar to
fingerprints, each individual has a unique DNA profile, but unlike that of fingerprints, only a miniscule amount of genetic material is needed to
identify or eliminate suspects. However, the reliability and accuracy of the use of DNA evidence in criminal trials in Australia is constantly being
challenged. It raises the question as to whether or not the justice system has been placing too much faith in DNA evidence. Although it has the power
to put criminals behind bars, over confidence and careless mistakes in the use of DNA evidence can lead to miscarriages of justice.
There have been many criminal cases across Australia where DNA evidence has been used to "convict the guilty and clear the innocent". This
successful use of DNA evidence is seen in the Frank Alan Button case. Frank Button was convicted of raping a 13–year old girl by a jury in August
1999. Initially, the girl denied knowing the rapist and provided a description of the man to the police. She then, altered her original statement and
identified Frank Alan Button as her rapist. During the trial, no DNA evidence was used. A rape kit was prepared and intimate swabs were obtained
from the victim. These tests revealed the
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Essay about Dna in Criminal Investigation
Since its discovery in the 1980's, the application of DNA has been utilized in many ways. When Deoxyribonucleic Acid, or DNA is examined, a
precise decoding of genetic information is revealed. With the exception of identical twins, every person's genetic code (commonly referred to as a
Genetic Fingerprint) is inherited and unique. From Maury advising men everyday on TV "You ARE the Father!" or "You are NOT the Father!" to
learning the descendents of former slaves are related to President Thomas Jefferson, we have come to rely upon and expect the accuracy of DNA. DNA
almost immediately transformed the American Criminal Justice System. Law Enforcement, District Attorneys, Defense Attorneys, Criminal Court and
Family Court all work ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The rape victims told police their attacker was about 160 pounds; Anthony Capozzi weighed over 200 pounds. Capozzi has a prominent three inch
scar on his face, but none of the rape victims reported their attacker had a scar. Despite this all three victims identified Anthony Capozzi as the
man who raped them. His case went to trial and he was convicted of two of the three rapes and sentenced to 35 years in prison. The only
identification evidence introduced at trial was that of the victims. After he was convicted, Capozzi's attorney is quoted in the Washington Post as
saying, "Please don't take comfort in the fact that Anthony Capozzi has been convicted of these two crimes, because he didn't do them. Don't feel
that you can go running without company in Delaware Park." Capozzi struggled with mental illness and served 15 years of his prison sentence in
Central New York Psychiatric Center. Capozzi maintained his innocence, and for the 22 years while he was incarcerated his family never gave up
hope. After Capozzi was incarcerated the rapes continued, and the Bike Path Rapist became the Bike Path Killer. In addition to a continuing series
of rapes in the area, two University of Buffalo students and the wife of a University of Buffalo professor were all murdered. A combination of old
fashioned detective work and the science of DNA helped to solve a case that has spanned over two decades and involved over twenty five victims. On

Rape And Sexual Assault : The White House
For my second resource I picked "Rape and Sexual Assault: A renewed call to action", from the website The White House, a report prepared by the
White House Council on Women and Girls and the Office of the Vice President, analyzes the most recent data the government have about rape and
sexual assault on not only women but men as well. The report was created to "identify those most at risk of being victims of these crimes, examines
the cost of the violence (both to survivors and our communities), and describe the response, too often inadequate, of the criminal justice system." (The
White House 5) First, the authors of the report are presenting some statistic of how many women and men, girls and boys, are victims of sexual
assaults. The... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
And last, the report presents ways to "redoubling the work" already being done to fight against the sexual assaults. In this last part, the authors focused
mainly on continuing the fight on university campuses, increasing the arrests and conviction rates, and trying to encourage everyone to help fight these
vicious crimes.
It is somewhat relief that even the Vice President of the United States is recognizing the problem we have in the nation and is trying to do everything
possible in his hands to help the whole nation fight against the sexual assaults. We need to take the fight on every possible front, as it is something that
is affecting everyone, if not directly, then definitely indirectly. With this report I am trying to show thatrape is something that happens to everyone,
everywhere in the world. With my first article, which was based on stats from England and Wales, now with this one I can show that it is a big deal
in the United States as well. It does makes me happy that someone on higher level in the Government as the Vice President, took time away from his
normal duties, to collect and create this report, to provide us with resources and ways to fight these crimes. This shows that someone does care, even
though we don't see dramatic changes, it is still light in the darkness. It is horrific to read these statistics: some 12% of high school girls report having
been forced to have sexual intercourse. And up to 38% of runaway teens say that sexual

Attention Getter For College Rape Essay
Sample Speech Outline
Step One – Preparation
A.Topic:– College rapes and assaults are underreported
B.Audience:– college students
C.Title of Speech:– Rethinking Campus Protocols
D.Purpose of Speech:– To Inform
E.Method of Organization:– Informational– Problem–Solution
Step Two–
Introduction
A.Greeting:– Hi my name is Salma Hararah...
B.Attention Getter:– How many people here have their school email connected to their cell phones? When you get a chance search for...
C.Thesis Statement:– Colleges in America are enabling rape and danger to students on campus because they aren't letting their students know what is
going on. Most colleges are not consistently alerting students when an assault goes on in campus. Colleges are leaving students vulnerable to ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Main Idea 1: The American Psychological Association, released the journal Psychology, Public Policy and Law, describes that campuses all over
America are knowingly underreporting rapes and assaults that happened on campuses.
It describes that the numbers didn't add up when the colleges were being audited. The book goes on by saying when the colleges were under
investigation the numbers of rapes and assaults going on during the investigation went up.
Not by little numbers I'm not talking about a 1–5% difference but a 44% difference.
The University of South California was a campus mentioned in the study which actually was caught by reporting the rapes and assaults that happened
before the investigation as personal injuries. The punishment for campuses who are caught for failing to report assaults and rapes are fined $35,000
per case.
Visuals/Props:– statistics powerpoint/paper
C.Transition:–It's not only the campus police responsibility to report assaults and rapes but also to teach the college student

Persuasive Essay On Rape
When Sam*, KHS student, was raped two years ago he did not tell the police. He did not tell his parents. In fact, he told no one.
During the final months of his eighth grade year, when most students were getting excited for the upcoming spring break, Sam was raped by his
girlfriend at a park while they were on their second date. After keeping how he felt about the assault bottled up inside of him for eight months, he
slowly began to open up. He got many supportive responses from his friends, but others were not as sympathetic. Classmates took to calling him a slut
and one went of out the way to tell Sam that he deserved what happened, that it was his fault he was raped. At first, Sam blamed himself for the assault.
"Afterward, I thought, 'what did I do wrong?' I mean we were dating and [sex] is a part of dating, so maybe it was my fault," Sam said. "I thought,
'why did this happen to me?' I feel like there's a part of me missing [since my girlfriend was] never prosecuted, but proving to the system that [sexual
assault] happened is very difficult."
When a sexual assault occurs, the victim has the opportunity to participate in a forensic exam to preserve possible DNA evidence and receive medical
care, and all evidence from the exam is stored in a box called a rape kit. While rape kits can last for years and be a crucial part of prosecuting a rapist,
getting one can be a lengthy and difficult procedure. The exam can take up to four hours, the victim has to receive the exam

Rape Case Summary
On February 2nd, 2016 at approximately 10:00 AM, I, Investigator James Poffel was assigned a case regarding a rape report of a juvenile (Avianna
Walker). that had occurred approximately 2–3 months prior. The Department of Human Services case worker Briana Hull was the reporting party.
Briana called to file the police report after she learned this information through an investigation on a separate matter. Officer James Moore #539
responded to DHS to take the initial report. Briana stated she was investigating Avianna's parents, Victoria Walker and Tyrone Walker, of allegations of
them soliciting Avainna for sex to receive money. Through the investigation, Briana was unable to substantiate the allegations of them soliciting
Avianna for sex. However, through the investigation Avianna disclosed to Briana that she was raped when she was 14 years old by an unknown black
male, as she was walking from her grandmother's house to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Eddie drove her to the hospital after receiving permission from Avianna's mother, Victoria. Law enforcement was not contacted while Avianna was at
the hospital and she was only seen for being assaulted and a sexual assault exam was not performed.
The only reason law enforcement is aware of this second sexual assault is due to DHS' investigation and subsequent police report. Due to the lapse in
time from the assault occurring of an approximate 2–3 months there is no physical evidence that could be collected regarding the assault. A forensic
interview was conducted on Avainna by Megan Merrill at Kids' Space Child Advocacy Center. Avianna during the forensic interview disclosed about
the two times she was raped, but was not able to elaborate on the assaults.
At this time, due to all leads being exhausted and the allegations of Victoria and Tyrone Walker being unsubstantiated, this case is being inactivated
until further information can be

African American Rape Research Paper
The purpose of this research is to acknowledge the existence of rape in the black community as well as the hypersexualization of African American
women in the media. This research will elaborate on the psychological effect of rape, give personal testimonies of victims, and discuss solutions,
prevention, as well as a history of the "where, when, and why" of this crime. It will also discuss the effect of rape on men, provide information in
regards to the most common places rape occurs/has occurred and also give light on the perspective of men and women when it comes to the issue of
sexual assault.
As of January 1, 2013, the Federal Bureau of Investigation defines the act of rape as "Penetration, no matter how slight of the vagina ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the journal article "Acquaintance Rape Scripts of Women and Men: Similarities and differences", men and women both have a different
set of experiences and thought process to draw upon in their conceptualization of rape (Carroll & Clark, 2008). When attempting to understand
perception one must be able to apply a "script" to a situation. In this case, a rape script would be identified as "a list of information about the nature
and parameters of the sequences of events that are expected within a rape and conduct of the perpetrator and victim", (Carroll & Clark, 2008). Learning
to understand the characteristics of a script can provide individuals with insight into the perception of others and the judgements they make. Rape scrips
in particular can provide intel on one's perception of sexual intent, the types of precautionary and resistance behaviors exhibited, and the labeling
behaviors of unwanted

Mattress Girl Analysis
The whispers of everyone talking about the international sensation "mattress girl" echoed through the minds of many students at Columbia University.
In the article, "Meet the College Women Who Are Starting a Revolution Against Campus Sexual Assault," Vanessa Grigoriadis uses many techniques to
inform her audience of the many issues regarding rape on college campuses. Through her professional source, extensive research and powerful
interviews with rape survivors, she visually and emotionally conveys her audience in an effective way of the realism of rape on college campuses and
what little universities do to handle it. Emma Sulkowicz is known across the Columbia University campus as the sensation "mattress girl," because she
carries a mattress around everywhere she goes by "not using any hooks or belt loops." Grigoriadis, the author, includes the hooks and belt loops
notion to act as a metaphor for the physical struggle that "mattress girl" underwent after she was wrongfully raped. Sulkowicz shared her story about
her rape after she found out two other women were assaulted by the same man. She began to protest the verdict after her assailant is found not guilty.
Within the second paragraph, she effectively incorporates a professional view of a sociologist, Danielle Dirks, on the topic. Quoting Danielle Dirks,
"an atrocity tale about how poorly you were treated by the people you pay $62,500 a year to protect you." She adds this to strengthen her next
argument on not only

Sexual Assault And Rape On College Campuses
When colleges and universities are constantly in competition with each other for students, there are certain issues that occur. Competition has turned
into universities and colleges often mishandling sexual assault and rape cases. Campuses want to minimize the danger that they may pose which leads to
sexual assault and rape crimes to often be veiled. With this veil in place, it counters the efforts of colleges and universities to address the issue of sexual
assault and rape. In July 2016, a survey was released to 350 colleges and university presidents. The purpose of this survey was to showcase whether
sexual assault and rape cases were handled correctly or mishandled. Over the last five years, "more than 40 percent of the schools had not conducted a
sexual assault and/or rape investigation" (citation). It was revealed that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Higher educational institutions violate the very policy they use to advocate for victims and against sexual assault or rape. As of May 2016,
according to the EROC (End Rape on Campus) organization, there are over 210 colleges and universities under investigation for the violation of
Title IX ( ). The Chronicle, a website that tracks federal investigations of colleges for possible violations of Title IX, originally showed 309 cases of
Title IX violations. About fifty–eight of those cases are now closed. Currently, the Chronicle shows that sixty–two cases have been resolved while 319
remain active and open. The new statistics include new cases in the year of 2017. In total, 381 cases have been and are currently being investigated
between the years of 2011–2017. These investigations were implemented in 2011 after a letter pushing for colleges to resolve students' reports of
sexual assault and/or rape incidents was issued by the U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil

The Innocence Project: A Case Study
The innocence project was started by two individuals, Barry Scheck and Peter Neufeld. They started this project back in 1992 in hopes of helping the
wrongfully convicted individuals that had been placed in jail through DNA testing, and also wished to further prevent such cases from happening again
(Innocence Project [IP], 2016). From 1992 to 2013 there has been 290 DNA based exonerations of innocent people (Gitschier, 2013, p.1). This project
has help countless amounts of individuals and their families, as it has brought peace to something they had been wrongfully convicted of. With these
countless wrongfully convicted peoples being let out for something they did not commit means there are people that could still possibly be out there
not serving ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since DNA testing can help put the guilty and the innocent always, the methods at which DNA testing should be conducted and the people that do
the testing are crucial (Salinas, 2006). As many people know, DNA testing can be a very grey area, and the use of DNA testing can become a
questionable source when used in court, but for smaller cases it might be the only evidence that can be used (Salinas, 2006). For this case, many
different problems can arise when analyzing the DNA from a sperm sample. If the tests aren't done correctly, then a wrongfully convicted individual
can be put away. Firstly, when using a rape kit, the semen is often extracted from the women's vaginal area. This area can be crass contaminated with
her own semen, which could affect the results of the DNA (Soares–Vieira et al, 2007). Secondly, since the victim in the Moon case had a boyfriend at
the time and Moon was the one convicted of raping her, there is a possibility that two males could have had sexual intercourse with the victim
ultimately bringing up the possibility of cross contamination (Soares–Vieira et al, 2007). With these two possibility's being present we can expect to
find two or more alleles for each marker, which could be vastly difficult to analyze if not done properly (Soares–Vieira et al, 2007). Going back to the

Essay on Exonerating Wrongly Convicted People
Criminal Law declares what conduct is illegal and proscribes a penalty. Although, we rely on our court system to administer justice, sometimes the
innocent are convicted (Risinger). Most people would not be able to imagine a person who is convicted of a crime as innocent, sometimes that is the
case. Imagine what a variance that is: an innocent criminal. In an article by Radley Balko he asks the question, "How many more are innocent?" In his
article, he questions America's 250th DNA exoneration and states that it raises questions about how often we send the wrong person to prison. The
other issue that follows is the means of appealing the court's decision and who they can turn to for help.
In the textbook Criminal Courts 2nd edition, it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Courts and Procedures: Civil Procedure) Being able to file an appeal is extremely crucial for those inmates who are wrongfully convicted. The appeals
process gives them the opportunity to be exonerated if their innocence is proven to be the case. Even though the right to appeal is the inmates right,
some people are not familiar with the steps needed to come out with a verdict they will be content with. In this instance the Innocence Project would be
the inmate's number one recourse.
The Innocence Project has a worldwide website that describes their history and purpose. The website describes the Innocence Project as "a national
litigation and public policy organization dedicated to exonerating wrongfully convicted people through DNA testing and reforming the criminal justice
system to prevent future injustice" (Innocence Project). In an article by Benjamin Fleury–Steiner it states that the Innocence Project is a nonprofit legal
clinic that originally conferred only on cases where post conviction DNA testing of evidence could demonstrate an individual's innocence. The
Innocence Project was started by Barry Scheck and Peter Neufeld in 1992 at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, where students worked on
cases involving a defendant's innocence under supervision of a team of attorneys and clinic staff. Focusing invariably on indigent defendants, the
Innocence Project typically enters a case as a last resort, after an

Assault On Campuses
Over the past decade, sexual assault on college campuses has been overlooked due to failed communication from the victims of the attack, which also
allowed many schools around the world to become oblivious to the epidemic. A survey commissioned by the "Association of American Universities"
brought forth results which were released in September 2015, stating that more than 27.2 % of female college seniors reported having experienced
some form of unwanted sexual contact entering college. The dynamics of college life seems to fuel the problem; many are abused while they are under
the influence of drugs or otherwise incapacitated. Most victims are assaulted By someone they know. Husbands, former partners, and even friends.
Victims of sexual assault survivors often suffer from a wide range of physical and mental health problems such as PTSD, Depression, Chronic pain,
anxiety and also eating disorders. They are more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many studies have calculated the economic costs of rape, counting for medical and victim services, loss of productivity, decreased the quality of life,
and law enforcement resources. Each used a slightly different methodology, but all found the cost to be significant: ranging from 87,000to 240,776 per
rape. Arrest rates of sexual assault cases have dropped according to the "National Crime Victimization" survey roughly around 12% of the 283,200
annual rape or sexual assault victimization between 2005–2010 resulted in an arrest at the scene or during a follow–up investigation. Many elements
come into play causing little arrests rates, and theses cases can be demanding to investigate. Still, research shows that some police officers still believe
certain rape myths " many women falsely claim rape to get attention " which may account for the low rates. Sexual assault cases can also be difficult to
investigate because of the effects of the trauma itself. Victims of rape and sexual assault often have difficulty remembering the

Sexual Assault And Rape During The Civil War
Not only is sexual assault an ongoing issue in society, but there has also been a huge up rise of sexual assaults in the United States military. Recently
women have been given the approval to fight on the front line in the Special Forces career field that was once male only career fields. For women,
this may be a huge achievement; there are so many risks and fears involved, I would be curious to see how things turn out. Sexual assault and rape have
been major issues in the military that is constantly looked at by Congress for improvements.
Presently women are sacrificing their lives serving this country in all branches of the military in the United States. Women are more involved in
combat situations since the war began in Afghanistan and Iraq. With the increase of women in the military came the increase of sexual violence. In
the beginning, very few reports of sexual violence were reported; over time the number of reported cases became a huge issue that brought awareness
to those that work with the President of the United States. At that moment, processes were being looked at; changes needed to be made to find ways
to give confidence to victims, to feel safe enough to report the crime of sexual violence. The Department of Defense is currently working on measures
to alleviate the problem. Sex crimes on women in the military can have intense effects on their mental, physical and emotional well–being. Sexual
harassment and sexual assault also extends to include

Campus Rape Essay
Rape is a serious crime and a huge accusation to make. It is defined in various ways, but can shortly be narrowed down to as nonconsensual sex. This
crime causes long– term effects for the victim and the accused. When someone is accused of rape, two sides of the story are to be investigated. If
there are two sides, then which side is correct. The one who was accused or the accuser? Campus rape is decided by the universities, while rape outside
of that is then, decided in court. Many people are conflicted with this policy in that by having the perpetrator kicked off campus, will not be
"justifiable" enough for the victim. Meaning, the victim wants justice by having the rapist locked up, rather than just kicked off campus. In an article by
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To put it another way, the authors used emotions to draw in readers. Just the mere title, "Who Gets to Define Campus Rape?" attracts readers who feel
strongly about this question, moreover, a controversial question. I agree with how they used pathos as their strongest appeal to bring forth an audience
sufficiently, without causing much dispute in the different viewpoints of this topic.Sexual assault is a sensitive topic in which most people have
experienced or are associated with someone who has experienced some form of it. This technique of providing two viewpoints can be further
explained in the book, They Say I Say (Birkenstein and Graff 3). It allows the authors to have an indirect conversation with their audience by allowing
multiple voices to join in. As mentioned before, this is done by the author providing the various viewpoints of others.
Bedera and Krut viewed both sides, the accuser and the accused. In the article, it states, "Who should have the right to define rape: survivors who have
experienced sexual violence or those who are accused of perpetrating it?" (Bedera and Krut). This question brings about many answers and opinions.
Bedera and Krut respond to this question by acknowledging that there are people who have been sexually assaulted, and that there are rare occasions of
the falsely accused. In the article, they stated their concerns, "Of course, being accused of sexual assault hurts. And there are things that we

Sexual Assault And Its Effect On Women
Rape is sexual intercourse with a woman against her will or without her consent, it is the most reoccurring crime committed against woman by men.
The most effected evil is done to woman or done by any male person cause destruction of her whole prospective of living. Sexual assault is a major
form of sexual violence affecting women. It includes, rape, attempted rape, sexual abuse and sexual exploitation).rape not only effect the soma (body)
of the woman but also directly effects the health of the woman after the incidence she under goes from several stress which cause harmful
consequences for her living and health. Society looks the rape woman as stigma on the society and blames her for the act due the way of living,
wearing clothes and going out in nights. In every countries, there is quiet similar tradition and perception towards the status of woman in public sphere.
Inequality between man and woman is still present which shows the attitude of society towards woman that woman are meant to stay in homes,
whereas man are meant to be work. Exhibition of power by man to woman by different way of assault effects the health of woman in different ways.
This essay will explain about an overview on rape, analysis of health, impact of rape on woman and society, it will also discuss about the health issues
which arises after the incidence of rape on woman which includes the psychological, physical, social and emotional effects on woman. It will
specifically explains about the

Rape Myth Acceptance
Rape Myth Acceptance: Maintaining the Status Quo
According to the FBI database, in the year 2013 a rape occurred roughly once every 6.6 minutes. (US Department of Justice– Federal Bureau of
Investigation, 2014). This is based on 79,770 reported cases of rape following an eighty year–old definition, which defines rape as "carnal knowledge of
a female forcibly and against her will" (US Department of Justice– Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2014). In 2013 however, the definition of rape was
changed, and now reads, "Penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of
another person, without the consent of the victim" (US Department of Justice– Federal Bureau of Investigation, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are even studies which have found women more likely than men to blame the victim. (Stromwall, Alfredsson, & Landstrom, 2012, p. 255) In a
study of first and second year college students it was also shown that students with a higher sexual knowledge were less likely to accept rape myths.
(Aronowitz, Lambert, & Davidoff, 2012, p. 179) The same study also stated that despite the correlation between a higher sexual knowledge and lower
rape myth acceptance (RMA), that increasing knowledge only will not fix this problem, but it is a necessary piece of the

You Have Options Summary
The purpose of this qualitative multi–case study design is to evaluate police officer's opinions, and perceptions of the law enforcement sexual assault
program called You Have Options as an effective strategy or investigative process to improve case outcomes in responding to victims who report a
sexual assault. The study will explore whether the program is as an effective strategy in responding to victims who report a sexual assault. Research by
Sleath and Bulb (2017) noted, there remain significant challenges in improving the criminal justice response to rape victims, and there is still much to
improve about the police response to rape cases.
"Sexual assaults have detrimental effects on victims' physical and mental health" (Walsh & Bruce... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The theory behind this approach is to improve case outcomes for victims by giving them control back by eliminating as many barriers that cause
victims to not want to report or to not stay engaged with the criminal justice process. First responding police officers have a difficult role in complex
sexuall assault complaints. They are required to take reports from people who report crimes, write a report, gather evidence, interview witnesses and
suspects and conduct follow–up. When reports from sexual assault victims are delay, have no evidence to produce, are unsure of a location, and change
their story it brings skepticism to the investigative process. This is a difficult task if police officers use the traditional method law enforcement has
historically used in sexual assault investigtions. This tradional method is an investigative process that suggests the victim is not credible in terms of
their vulnerability of what they wore, how much they had to drink, whether they were a prostitute, changed their story, a lack of noticeable injuries,
instead of investigating what the perpetrator did to make the victim less credible and vulnerable to the

Implementation Of Sexual Assault Legislation Essay
Term Paper Proposal: Implementation of Sexual Assault Legislation
The nature of a legislation or policy that exist within a country, as well as how it is regulated, attests to a state's priorities and the treatment of their
citizens. These legislations are often used not only to maintain order, but to combat a wide variety of societal and political issues. One prevalent issue
that exists today is that surrounding rape and other sexual assaults. In 2015, there were approximately 21,500 police–reported sexual assaults within
Canada (Statistics Canada, 2015). Conversely, fewer than 1 in 10 incidents of sexual assault are reported to the police– making it the least reported
violent offence (Statistics Canada, 2007). These findings may raise a plethora of questions and concerns on the attitudes towards reporting sexual
assaults and the measures to do so. In Canada, laws against sexual aggression are mandated by the federal government and can be found in the
Criminal Code. Beyond this legislation itself it is also important to analyse its implementation. Understanding how this legislation is enforced can help
to create an open discussion on its level of efficiency in protecting and improving the quality of life.
HISTORY AND REDEFINITION
To further understand the policing of sexual assault it is important to first look at the laws regarding the offence. Rape as an offence has an extensive
history within Canadian legislations and has changed drastically over the years. Originally,

Essay On Sexual Assault And Rape
When colleges and universities are constantly in competition with each other for students, there are certain issues that occur. Competition has turned
into universities and colleges often mishandling sexual assault and rape cases. Campuses want to minimize the danger that they may pose which leads to
sexual assault and rape crimes to often be veiled. With this veil in place, it counters the efforts of colleges and universities to address the issue of sexual
assault and rape. In July 2016, a survey was released to 350 colleges and university presidents. The purpose of this survey was to showcase whether
sexual assault and rape cases were handled correctly or mishandled. Over the last five years, "more than 40 percent of the schools had not conducted ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Higher educational institutions violate the very policy they use to advocate for victims and against sexual assault or rape. Websites like EROC
(End Rape on Campus) state that over 210 colleges and universities are under investigation for the mishandling sexual assault and/or rape cases and
violations of Title IX as of May 2016 while Chronicle gives a set of different numbers. The Chronicle tracks federal investigations of colleges for
possible violations of Title IX. When previously researched, the website stated that 309 cases of Title IX violations were being investigated and
only 58 of those cases were closed and/or resolved. As of 2017, 62 cases have been resolved while 319 remain active and open. Some colleges and
universities are under investigation for several cases while others have had one or two cases. In total, the Chronical has investigated and is currently
investigating about 381 cases of Title IX violations and the mishandling of sexual assault and/or rape incidents. If it were not for the U.S. Department
of Education's Officer for Civil rights letter, written in 2011, pushing for colleges to resolve and handle cases or reports of sexual assault and rape,
these investigations may have taken longer to be

Sexual Assault On Campus Essay
Jennifer Butler
Mr. Hansen
Composition 1
November 27, 2016
Sexual Assault on College Campus In America, sexual assault is increasing on campuses. Colleges and Universities are insanely lenient with the
policies of sexual assault and misconduct. Undergraduates get the worse since they are new and don't expect it to happen to them. Date rape drugs are
being used more often than any other type of assault. Over half of victims don't report the assault, because they don't believe it's critical enough. Others
never get justice for the crimes the rapist commits. "A relatively small percentage of students believe it is very or extremely likely they will experience
sexual assault or misconduct. A larger percentage of students believe that sexual assault... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Nonconsensual sexual contact involving drugs and alcohol constitute a significant percentage of the incidents" (AAU). Gamma
Hydroxybutyrate(GHB) or Rohypnol are the best–known date rape drugs. Most women don't report the assault or rape because they don't think that
their claim is reliable since they were drinking and have no remembrance of what occurred to them. Club drugs are also common date rape drugs for
college students that party a lot. Ecstasy and Methamphetamines are the most frequent and familiarized drugs associated with date rape in clubs and/or
around campus parties. "A 2006 study funded by the National Institute of Justice found that of the estimated 100,000 sexual assaults reported in the
United States each year, about 62 percent were "drug–facilitated" and 5 percent of victims were given date–rape drugs" (INVW). When asking women
about the assaults and getting drugged most wouldn't be able to understand what happened or they don't realize it in time to get tested. "GHB is also a
sexual stimulant, so perpetrators will often later say that the woman accusing them of assault is the one who initiated the sexual encounter. Later, the
woman may not be able to piece together what happened to her in time to get herself tested" (INVW). This is not the only traumatizing thing these
people dealt with while being in

Genital Mutilation And Its Effects On Women
genital mutilation is linked to proper sexual behavior, so by reducing the libido you reduce the chance for sexual promiscuity. Globally war 's that
have taken place in the 20th and 21st centuries have caused an increase in violence and harm done to women and children, "as approximately 1 in 3
women in the world is beaten, coerced into sex, and otherwise abused" (Shaw 506). In fact rape is a common weapon in a warring nation. The United
Nations Resolution 1325 on women, peace, and security was adopted in 2000. "It focuses on measures to protect women and girls for gender based
violence, particularly rape and other forms of sexual abuse, in situations of armed conflict. Still, some countries condone or legalize such crimes,
and others accept such violence against women as necessary consequences of war and/or civil unrest, and ethnic cleansing" (Shaw 506).
Unfortunately, other countries are not the only ones that have high rape rates. In the United States it is estimated that "Over 22 million women in
the United States have been raped in their lifetime (Feminist). "At least 10% of all [rape and sexual assault] victims are male" (Rccmsc). "The FBI
estimates that only 46% of rapes and sexual assaults are reported to the police. Factoring in unreported rapes, about 6% of rapists will ever spend a day
in jail. 15 out of 16 will walk free" (Feminist). There is a shocking statistic of underage sexual assaults, abuse and rapes. "In 2006, 78,000 children were
sexually abused.

A Brief Summary Of Stabler
Gabriel was born into the prestigious Duvall family and was raised by his mother Eleanor from a young age. Whenever he had an erection, his
nanny, Ava Vilka, would take care of it by saying Gabriel shouldn't touch it or it would fall off. When Gabriel was fourteen, Eleanor made his maid,
Julia Lonegan, help him take a bath and Julia noticed he was erect. Gabriel asked her to take care of it while repeatedly asking "please". When she
wouldn't do so, he raped her. After he was done, he held her in his arms like a mother would hold a child. When Julia told Eleanor about therape, she
threw her out, calling her a whore, and gave her a great deal of money to silence her while Gabriel watched. Gabriel eventually went to military school
and then became ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jason argues that this evidence shouldn't be allowed in and the judge says he will make a decision after lunch. Gabriel leaves and he attempts to
rape another maid as the judge decides not to let the 1974 rape in. Gabriel defends his actions and reveals what his nanny did to him before Jason
walks in. When Gabriel gets angry, Jason tells him that in order to win, they need to claim he has Asperger's. He meets with Dr. Elizabeth Olivet and
convinces her he has the disorder. He witnesses Nina testify and gets her to admit she actually asked him for the time before he actually raped her,
giving credence to the Asperger's

Women Of The Civil War
Women without a doubt have dealt with a large portion of the inequality that rules this nation. But the military has always been accepting of
others. This is a way for women to make great livable wages and maintain a steady occupation. Women being in the military dates all the way back
to the civil war. During the times of the civil war many women pretended to be men so they could join and fight for a variety of different reasons.
Some went to war to be with their loved ones, they had this thrill for adventure, and the biggest one which is money. (Smith) The reason why it was
so easy for women to join the army without a second look is because of the desperation during the civil war. Majority of the soldiers were "citizen
soldiers" with no... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reason this topic of Women in the military is so important is because there are still women in the military as of now that have to deal with and
overcome a variety of adversaries. The main one is the fight for their life and self–control. Women in the military of any form have to deal with
prejudices, sexual harassment, and several other injustices. Even though America decided Women are equal enough to fight in wars they are still
disrespect and potentially in danger because of their peers. Sexual assault happens to almost every single female militant and their aggressor usually
gets away with it. These stories are similar to female students that have been sexually assaulted on a college campus. The issue is taken too lightly and
swept under the rug so the organization doesn't look bad. How is it that this country cares more about reputation than the well–being of another human
being? To many instances occur year after year when does maltreatment end?
I recently saw the documentary, The Invisible War (Kirby Dick, Amy Ziering). The Invisible War exposes the epidemic ofrape and sexual assault in the
U.S. military, and by using personal stories and the government's own figures and statistics from Department of Defense reports over the years, the
film demonstrates what it means to serve in the military if you're a woman. I had no idea what I was about to witness while watching this documentary
about rape in the military, but I was not prepared for

National Backlog of Untested Rape Kits
Policy Analysis
A.What is the policy?
There exists national backlog of untested rape kits. This is an outrage with disastrous consequences for sexual assault victims. Currently, around
400,000 rape kits sit unexamined in laboratories and in police storage across the country–each one of them containing the potential to solve a crime,
incarcerate a rapist and provide a victim with the justice they deserve.
There are two types of rape kit backlogs in the United States: the publicly–known backlog of unexamined kits that have already been submitted to labs
for testing and the secreted backlog of kits in law enforcement safekeeping that have not been sent for testing. This latter backlog is of particular
concern since the programs already in place to reduce backlogs in laboratories, were not intended to address unexamined evidence stored in police
stations. http://www.cornyn.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?p=InNews&ContentRecord_id=d005d0ed–c1ad–4971–ad7b–edf6ffb20307 .
Implementing the Sexual Assault Forensic Evidence Reporting (SAFER) Act would help State and local law enforcement agencies to end both the
police storage and laboratory rape kit backlogs by providing State and local governments with subsidy to conduct one–year audits of the unexamined
sexual assault evidence in their possession. http://www.cornyn.senate.gov/public
/index.cfm?p=InNews&ContentRecord_id=d005d0ed–c1ad–4971–ad7b–edf6ffb20307 . The act would also create a nationwide sexual assault forensic

Derrick Todd Lee: Investigative Concepts
Jacob Newara
10/11/2016
Investigative Concepts
Dr. Clark
Derrick Todd Lee The case of this Baton Rouge serial killer is one of profiling gone wrong. Derrick Todd Lee was born November 5, 1968 in St.
Francisville, Louisiana, approximately 40 minutes outside of the Baton Rouge and Lafayette areas where the murders took place. In 2004, Lee, was
convicted in 2004 for the attempted murder of Dianne Alexander and the murder of Charlotte Murray Pace. Lee's sentence to death by lethal injection
was not executed due to his untimely death on January 21, 2016. Derrick Todd Lee's criminal history started in November 1992 when Lee was
arrested for burglary. Similarly, in July 1993 Lee and his friend were charged with burglary and aggravated assault... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
To make it all worse another women's body was found in the bay with matching DNA of the killer. A break in the case happened when a victim of arape
came forward. Although, the victim came forward she was having problems discussing the event. O'Tool was able to get the victim to open up during
the questioning do obtain vital answers. The victim was attacked in her home when she answered the door. While the man tried to rape her the
women's son came home. The man ran off but the son and the women got a description of the man. The man was described as a black male, handsome,
welcoming, and during the attacked told the women he had been watching her. The biggest break in this incident was the DNA matching this person to
those of the

Steubenville And Glen Ridge Rape Case
The Steubenville and Glen Ridge rape cases are two very similar cases. The perpetrators were football student athletes with promising futures and the
victims were teenage girls whose capability of consenting to the acts done to them were questioned. One of the victims was seventeen–years old and
had an intelligence quotient of 64 and the reading comprehension of a second grader. The second victim was sixteen–years old and was publicly
assaulted while she was completely intoxicated. This paper will discuss each victim and their perpetrators, as well as the trial sentencing and
prosecution. It will explore the different reactions from the community and the debate over the victim's responsibility leading towards the incident. In
both rape ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
of 64 and whose mind was considered to be like the mind of an eight–year old (Hanley, 1993). When she was twelve years old, she had her first sexual
encounter and started taking birth control. Just like most high school teenagers growing up, she just wanted to fit in with the other kids (Hanley,
1993). Those who were a part of the victim's life such as her family, teachers and mental health specialists, all described her as having a troubled life
emotionally, socially and educationally (Hanley, 1993). Fisher's education was different than the education that typical children received because she
spent most of her school years attending classes for the learning impaired and stayed in those classes until she could no longer receive public
education. Fisher looked up to these upperclassmen boys and when she was urged to go to the basement that day, she went along, being promised a
date with one of their brothers whom she admired. The victim in the Steubenville High School rape was sixteen years old when the rape occurred. I
was not able to find too much information regarding the victim. However, the Author Joanna Walters mentions that the victim was an honors student
and an accomplished athlete at school (Walters, 2013).
The Perpetrators
The accusers in the Glen Ridge rape case were twenty–two years old fraternal twins Kevin and Kyle Scherzer and 20–year old Christopher Archer.
Another defendant, Bryant

Rape In Fraternity At Brockford University
Rape in Fraternity's "No means yes, and yes means anal" (KingKrade). A horrifically impactful statement constructed by a group of fraternity boys from
Texas Tech University. Rephrasing back to the phrase "no means yes"; insinuating that according to this group of men, consent to sex isn't a necessity.
This not so uncommon theme currently circulates through our current young fraternity society. The problem being that fraternities are associated with
terms like rape and sexual assault, yet no extreme measures have been taken against them. Universities need to take more action in protecting their
female students. In order to stop the problem of rape in fraternities, university administration must have stricter consequences for fraternities accused ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A young woman, a freshman at Duke, claims she was raped at the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity while she was attending a party. She states she had had
one drink when a fraternity member asked her to come upstairs with him and refused to (Chason). Later that night he offers her some "hot chocolate"
then all she remembers is waking up the next morning with none of her own clothes on, with scratches and bruises on her legs, and in an unfamiliar
room (Chason). Her phone was broke so later that day when checking her message on her computer she saw a text reading, "You went back with a kid
I know, you're screwed" (Chason). Her rape kit indicated that there was trauma and she was drugged. During the investigation, the fraternity Alpha
Delta Phi was suspended, but now no longer is. No criminal charges were made against the alleged rapist and investigation eventually ended. No
extreme measures were taken and it was as if the incident never happened. Duke tried their hardest to sweep this under the rug and not have this go
viral. The university was more worried about their reputation rather than getting justice for their student who now must live with this awful memory
and walk around campus knowing her attacker is out

Is Rape Culture A Problem?
Torrey Andrascik
Professor LaPalme
English Comp 101
28 September 2015
Is Rape Culture a Problem in America? Why This Systematic Tolerance Needs to End.
Rape culture. This is a term that was coined in the 1970's feminism movement that has been rehashed with 4th wave feminism amongst millennials in
the 2000's. Though the term seems to irritate many that attempt to refute that the systematic tolerance of rape in America is a non–issue that would
disappear if "women just stopped getting so drunk" (Judge Mary Jane Mowat, 2009) it is in fact a perpetuated problem that plagues todays society.
By definition, rape culture is the embodiment that of the "complex set of beliefs that sexual aggression" and can be further defined as being found "is
in a society that embodies rape culture that women receive a continuum of overly sexualized remarks (cat–calling), to the act of rape itself, and
condones that these physical and emotional acts against women are an inevitable fact of life". Sound familiar? Welcome to our great nation. Though
this perpetuation of sexual violence is a normalcy is harmful to women and even men, across the entire nation, its main impact targets the women and
children of low socioeconomic areas, female students on university campuses, and of course, the women who choose to seek justice against our
everyday superheroes– the famous, and the athletes. Rape culture is heavily prevelant for those that live in socioeconomically struggling, urban areas.
Urban areas

Persuasive Essay On Rape
"Jackie", a freshman student at the University of Virginia, was brutally raped by 7 men after a fraternity party. She was lured up to a 3rd floor room
by a man named "Drew", and in the weeks in months after her assault she says, "He acted as though nothing unusual had happened, even thanking me
for a 'great time'". Drew and his 6 friends who committed this assault, graduated that fall from UVA and were never charged for their crime. Jackie
never received the justice she so desperately needed. Why? Because UVA handled herrape allegations internally, and a call was never made to the
police. Yet another example of this occured at the prestigious Stanford University. This time to a sophomore, who had met a star player on the
Stanford football team one Saturday night. She was raped. The football player claimed it was consensual. The women wanted to go through the
correct channels so she first reported it to her school. Because of Title IX's lax policies towards investigations, it was up to five board members to
decide if sexual assault has occurred that night. They decided it hadn't, without so much as rape kit. The woman said her investigation was shoved
under the rug, "I realized that I got into this school and deserved to get an education here. He was a valued player, but I had earned my right to be
here, too." Under Title IX, it is up to colleges to adjudicate their cases of rape and sexual assault as they please,allowing them no only to never
investigate, but to do so

Sexual Assault Is Becoming A Big Problem On College Campuses
Every high school senior knows the amazing feeling of receiving that big envelope in the mail containing their acceptance letter to the school of their
dreams. They're filled with happiness and excitement, knowing that they are going to have the best four years of their lives at college. Never in a
million years would a student expect their college experience to turn into a nightmare. Never would they have thought that their campus would not be
safe enough to walk around alone at night without carrying their keys in between their fingers like knives. A student goes to school to learn, not to get
assaulted or raped. Sexual assault is becoming a big problem on college campuses, and school officials are under reporting and trying to cover up the
assaults because there are perverse economic and reputational incentives to hide those numbers.
Being a freshman at a college, it is normal to feel nervous about being in a new environment. It becomes abnormal when you fear for your life during
the first few weeks as a freshman. The most vulnerable age group for sexual assault is college students. For incoming freshman, the first six weeks of
college are considered the "red–zone" for rape. This is because freshman often aren't accustomed to their surroundings or do not know how to look out
for themselves. According to the Princeton Sexual Experience Study, more than 16 percent, 1 out of 4, women are raped or sexually assaulted during
their college career. So many young students are

Rape Vs Sexual Assault
When looking at the actions of victims of a sexual assault the victim of each violation react in different ways after the violent personal event that can
be seen as questionable by both law enforcement officials and that of the general public (Fisher, Cullen, and Turner, 2000). We see that some victims
can flee from their event of rape or sexual assault and find help and safety as fast as possible. This type of action may be, seen as normal by law
enforcement and the general public (Fisher, Cullen, and Turner, 2000).
We are also able to see that other victims of rape and sexual offenses may behave in a different manner that may lead to questions by law enforcement
officers. We may see rape, and sexual assault victims attempt to act like the

Forensic Psychology And The Psychology Of Crime Essay
In a modern world, crime is greatly present in every day life. As technology continues to advance, the ability to get behind the mind of a criminal has
greatly increased. With different crimes, that mind can look vastly different as well, depending on the psychological factors at play. The history of the
study of the psychology of crime is replete with theoretical shifts–some of which have led to empirical dead ends and others to tremendous advances.
Explaining the motivations of a criminal historically has been a difficult task for psychologists because of the wide array of individual, situational, and
cultural variables influencing the development of criminal behavior. Recent psychological research includes both theoretical and methodological
advances that have allowed for new, unprecedented insights into the psychology of crime. In the research that follows, mass shootings, serial rape, and
homicide will be further looked at to determine the psychology present in each of these types of crime. Forensic psychology is defined as, "a
framework for the integration of a diverse range of aspects of psychology into all areas of criminal and civil investigation," (IAIP, 2016). It is involved
with all types of criminality that may be examined by the police, ranging from rape to terrorism and concerning everything in between, expanding,
even, to cover areas of crime that, while requiring an investigation, are not the immediate attention of the police force. These areas include the

Argumentative Essay On Forensic Evidence
"In 1984, a British geneticist named Alec Jeffreys stumbled upon one of our most important forensic tools: DNA fingerprinting. Since his "eureka
moment," the scientific technique has been used successfully to identify perpetrators of a crime, clarify paternity and exonerate people wrongly
convicted" (Jones). DNA evidence, specifically simple–mixture, is the most accurate type of forensic evidence we currently have at our disposal, but
even it is not infallible. Other types of forensic evidence are much less accurate, but unfortunately their use is still permitted in U.S courtrooms.
Jurors may be misled by experts within the courtroom as well. These misconceptions about the accuracy of forensic science and the field in
general lead to many problems in the courtroom. The most reliable type of forensic evidence is DNA, but it is still not perfect, and the results
should be portrayed that way in court. The reason DNA evidence is so accurate is because it is highly objective. This objectivity makes it far less
likely that an error will be made during the analysis of the DNA sample. However, errors are still possible. For example, samples may be switched or
contaminated which could give a false result. There are two different kinds of DNA evidence, simple–mixture/single–source samples and
complex–mixture samples. "The vast majority of DNA analysis currently involves samples from a single individual or from a simple mixture of two
individuals (such as from a rape kit) . . . the

Missoula And The College Rape Analysis
Missoula and the College Rape Epidemic: Essay
Rape has always been a problem, specifically in colleges across the US. There is also large amounts of misinformation and ideas surrounding rape.
Author Jon Krakauer, who did not know much on the topic of rape before his time spent in Missoula; uncovered proof of the true seriousness of this
problem. His nonfiction book set in Missoula Montana, tells the hard story of the awful experiences rape victims are forced to go through in this
college town in order for justice. He uses investigative narrative to lay out a story that both informative and sensitive towards the victims. Even though
he is only focusing on a few victims placed in one college town it is obvious these issues have a much larger ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
So even if the court or a jury look at an attacker's past and see's he was a star athlete with many friends leading them to lessen the punishment. If they
committed sexual assault and get away with it they most likely will attempt and probably succeed at doing it again. The problem Krakauer had with
the court system isn't just that they are not punishing an offender properly of a heinous crime. They are enabling them them to do it again, giving
them the chance to ruin another person's life. If looked at, the effects of a sexual assault show why the rapist should serve a life sentence. The
victims in this story revealed they were condemned to a life sentence the second they were taken advantage of in that way. While so many will say
that rape should be punished the most severely as possible, Krakauer's book revealed the minute it came down to giving a sentence, jurors and
judges, and even prosecutors had been and are lenient and soft in their convictions. While many government officials and police in Missoula have
tried to change for the better after this scandal came to light, an even bigger one came to the surface from Krakauer's research. Missoula isn't even
near being the pronounced rape capital of the US. It's even reported that it has a lower rate of reported sexual assaults than many towns it's size and
demographic. In the book Krakauer reported that between January 2008–May 20012 in a

Pros And Cons Of Backlogged Rape Monks
Dealing With Rape Kit Backlogs What if someone was the victim of a horrible crime and the evidence was never tested? The victim would never be
able to know who committed the deed and there would be no evidence to convict the perpetrator. Would not the victim feel paranoid, knowing that the
criminal was still out there and able to strike again at any time? This situation is the life that a rape victim faces if his or her rape kit is not tested. But
victims do not have to live this way if laboratories can analyze all backlogged rape kits. All backlogged rape kits should be tested, with the exception
of kits that victims do not want tested, and more funding is needed to allow all of the backlogged kits to be analyzed. A major reason why... Show more
These kits provide victims of rape with peace of mind, since the victims know that their cases matter and know what happened to their rapists.
Analyzing rape kits not only benefits the victims, but society as a whole. The genetic information from sexual assault kits can free innocent
people who have been convicted for crimes they did not commit, so testing rape kits leads to justice for the wrongly convicted. Since the DNA
determines the real perpetrator, the genetic information from backlogged rape kits allows justice to finally be served to the real criminals.
Because the actual rapists are behind bars thanks to DNA from rape kits, the rapists can no longer victimize any more people or increase the
severity of their crimes. Despite all of the benefits, rape kits that victims do not want tested should not be analyzed so the victims are not stressed
even further after their already traumatizing experiences. Also, while the price for testing is still diminishing, more funding is needed so all of the
rape kits can be tested and rape victims and society alike can benefit from the testing of backlogged rape kits. Therefore, while more funding is
needed and some rape kits should not be tested in accordance with the will of the victims, backlogged rape kits need to be

The Importance Of Rape Culture
Rape culture is prevalent in societies all around the world. Countries like Bosnia and Serbia rarely punish sexual assailants for their crimes against
humanity (Sheth). Sexual crimes go unnoticed because they contribute to the economy in most third world countries. Sex trafficked women are often
bought and sold for profit (Sheth). If an assailant's sexual abuse goes unchecked by the government in an area like Bosnia, the assailant is free to
impose themselves on another victim (Sheth). Because rapists are not criminalized, victims never receive a fair trial (Sheth). Some victims are
shunned by their families or killed for being sexually assaulted (Sheth). Falguni Sheth refers to the killing of sexually abused women as genocidal rape.
Because harmful attitudes involving rape victims are present, sexual assault survivors rarely speak out about their attack (Sheth). Women who do not
have someone to console their trauma in can be victimized again. Therefore, the victimization of sexual assault survivors becomes a never–ending
cycle (Sheth). Law enforcement officials and diplomats of the community who do not help sexual assault survivors contribute to the spread rape culture.
Rape culture is defined as society's normalization of sexual assault and abuse (Roebuck and Komanduri). Acceptance of rape culture is prevalent in
American society. Throughout a lifetime, 1 in 5 women will experience some type of sexual assault in the United States (Giraldi and Monk–Turner).
Widespread of

Sexual Assault Among Male And Female Students Essay
The alarming increase in sexual assault among male and female students is a source of concern. Despite improvements in the general statistics on
rape cases, the college setting remains to be the hot bed of sexual assault, especially among the female counterparts (Allen, 2007). A victim,
regardless being a male or a female, never feel safe in their life as something precious was taken from them once. Statistics show that 17.6% of women
are likely to be victims of rape in their entire lifetime while only 0.3% of males are estimated to be the victims of sexual assault. According to the
National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAWS), the most critical ages men and females are likely to be engaged insexual abuse is when they are
children or adolescents (Gonzales, Schofield & Schmitt, 2006). Theories on rapes Researchers have come up with various explanations trying to
explain the sexual abuse cases in the globe. Some of these explanations form a basis on psychological perspectives, biological perspectives, and
criminal perspectives. Despite these differences, rape cases are considered a violation of an individual right and the traumatizing effects are reported
to be similar. The paper will focus mainly on the criminological approach to rape cases (Grooth & Jean, 1979). Various criminologists' literature will
be reviewed in association to rape as an offense against the law. Criminological theories on rape As said earlier, rape cases in

Should Federal Agents Be Allowed For Collect Dna From...
Should Federal Agents be allowed to collect DNA from anyone arrested? This is a controversial issue. In my opinion, DNA is a very powerful and
useful tool because many sex crimes go unsolved because of lack of evidence, but if federal agents can look in a database where DNA samples are
stored and compare it to anyone who was arrested especially those who committed sex crimes more crimes would be solved. Many say DNA testing
violates suspects rights under the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. DNA testing has toppled the way federal agents gather
evidence in various criminal cases, particularly assault and homicide and thus had an expansive effect on a lot of people past cases. In this paper I am
going to address ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Not any law enforcement agent can collect DNA samples.
If federal agents detain and arrest an suspect, they have the power to take DNA from you and to promptly transfer it to CODIS. In certain states an
arrestee may be obligated to give a DNA test. The DNA Fingerprint Act of 2005 permits states to transfer profiles to CODIS. Eleven states (Alaska,
Arizona, California, Kansas, Louisiana, Minnesota, New Mexico, North Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia) at present take into consideration
automatic DNA collection from people only arrested or associated with a crime.
Generally the police require a court order to collect DNA unless they have been convicted of a crime. Under federal law, the government obliges
individuals arrested for specific unlawful acts to give DNA samples. These laws violates the fourth amendment to the U.S. Constitution which ensures
"the right to the individuals to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and impacts against unreasonable searches and seizures."
Pros and Cons
DNA profiling has numerous uses, both positive and negative.
Pros
Eliminates and reverse wrongful convictions Many times when a person is raped they are too traumatized to actually remember the full details or only
remember certain characteristics, or facial features of the person who hurt them. So law enforcement makes an arrest based on the victims memory.
Then after convicted it is found out that the wrong person was

Summary: A Rape On Campus
On November 19, 2014, Rolling Stone Magazine published an article that attracted over 2.7 million views, "more than any other feature not about a
celebrity that the magazine had ever published." The article, "A Rape on Campus: A Brutal Assault and Struggle for Justice at UVA" catapulted the
issue of rape culture on college campuses into a national discussion. Encouraging this discussion and urging universities across the country to increase
their efforts to combat this was the goal of Sabrina Rubin Erdely when she set out to find a story that encompassed just that. However, the article was
ultimately retracted and removed from the website by Rolling Stone due to fabrications and ethical issues in the story.
The story Erdely ended up writing featured a girl named "Jackie" at University of Virginia, the victim of an alleged gang rape at a fraternity. The article
goes into great detail recalling the traumatic experience that Jackie went through, explaining "she remembers the men's heft and their sour ... Show more
Despite using pseudonyms for her friends involved in the published story, one red flag was Jackie's apprehension to reveal the full names and contact
information of her friends under the guise that they did not want to be interviewed. Additionally, Jackie was unable to spell the name of the
perpetrator of the attack, a coworker of hers and a man she claimed to fear. After extensive research on Erdely's end searching for this man's existence,
no results turned up. Furthermore, once the article was published, several other news outlets began to investigate. One news outlet went as far as
interviewing one of Jackie's friends, who ended up reporting inconsistencies between the story Jackie told to Rolling Stone and what had actually
occurred the night of the attack. Due to these and several other suspicions, the article was

Dna Evidence And The Justice System

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