History

1. Treaty of Versailles
Ch 16.3(.4 is not on test)
#23

2.  Jan 8,1918 – Wilson presents Congress with his
plan for peace (Fourteen Points)
 Nov 3, 1918 – Republicans win congressional
elections in U.S.
- Wilson loses credibility with Europe's Leaders
 The Kaiser abdicates Throne / Republic Formed
 Nov 11, 1918- Armistice Day (veteran’s day)
- GR. Signs in part because of Wilson’s 14 pts.
 Dec. 12, 1918 – Wilson arrives in Paris as a Hero

4. Lawrence of Arabia and representatives
from over 30 nations attended

5.  Star of the Show
 Greeted by Europeans
as a Savior
 GR. Signed Armistice in
part because of 14 pts
 Creel had 60 million
leaflets dropped from
planes over GR.

6.  Freedom of Ocean Travel
 No more Secret Alliances
 Arms Reductions
 Equality of Trade Barriers “Free Trade”
 Self Determination for Poland
 “League of Nations” – 14th Pt.
- mediating body- rep. from every nation
- provide security for each country

7. The “Big Four”
1) France
2) Britain
3) Italy
4) United States
They shaped the final agreement
Germany & Russia were not allowed to attend

8.  Lenin had to get Russia
out of the war so he
could concentrate on
problems at Home…
 The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
with Germany, giving them
much territory, pop., resources
 Civil War, 1917-1920
“Reds” versus “Whites”
Complete breakdown of
Russian economy and society

9. Roadblocks Appear
 European leaders
wish to punish &
humiliate Germany
for starting the War
 U.S. overall role in
war was questioned

13.  Most of the 14 pts were shot down by Allies
 Gives up on the rest to save the 14th pt.
- League of Nations
 June 28, 1919 – Treaty is Signed
- by Germany Too – Why did they Sign?
 July, 1919 – Wilson heads back to U.S. to
convince our Senate to Ratify

14.  Alsace & Lorraine (industrial region) would
return to Fr.
 New Countries Created –CZ/Yugo/Poland
 GR - Stripped of Overseas Colonies
 GR – Forced to accept full responsibility for
starting the War (pay millions in Reparations)
“Blank Check”
 League of Nations was created

15. German Territorial Losses: 1919-1921

18. 1) Irreconcilables
 Progressive Republicans
 Wanted to focus attention
on problems at home
instead of Europe
2) Reservationists
 Article 10 of Treaty
 Could put U.S. into war
to preserve another
nations independence
 Who should declare
war?
-Congress or League

19.  Whistle-stop cross country train tour
 He is wore down and exhausted
 Sept. 25, 1919 – Suffers a stroke
-incapacitated
 Oct. 1919 – Senate Rejects the Treaty
**U.S. never signs the treaty ending WWI**
The U.S. will NOT Join the League of Nations
Isolationism v Interventionism
 Nov. 1920 – Harding(R) elected Pres.
 Feb. 3, 1924 – Wilson Dies / Broken & Defeated