Slides used by James Nottingham for the opening keynote at the Learning Network NZ conference, on 28th July 2011

1. Challenge, Wobble and Roll James Nottingham www.p4c.com www.jamesnottingham.co.uk 78

2. Focusing on learning “Pupils show greater motivation, are better behaved and are more likely to be independent and strategic thinkers when teachers are not obsessed by grades.” “If there is one new thing we need in our school system right now, it is a well-developed focus on learning.” Chris Watkins, Institute of Education, Aug 2010 From an analysis of 100 international studies on how children learn

3. What is …. ?

4. The Learning Challenge Concept Conflict Clarity 1 2 Confusion The Pit 188

5. A selection of thinking skills GROUP HYPOTHESISE IDENTIFY INFER INTERPRET ORGANISE PARAPHRASE PREDICT QUESTION RANK REPRESENT RESPOND SEQUENCE SIMPLIFY SHOW HOW SOLVE SORT SUMMARISE SUPPORT TEST VERIFY VISUALISE ANALYSE ANTICIPATE APPLY CAUSAL-LINK CHOOSE CLASSIFY COMPARE CONNECT CONTRAST DECIDE DEFINE DESCRIBE DETERMINE DISCUSS ELABORATE ESTIMATE EVALUATE EXEMPLIFY EXPLORE GENERALISE GIVE EXAMPLES GIVE REASONS 136

6. Recent Demo Lesson Concepts What is a toy? (Prep) Was the mouse telling lies?(Yr 1/2) What happens when you die? (Yr 6) What’s the difference between tragedy and romance? (Yr 9) What is culture? (Yr 10) Is zero the same as nothing? (Yr 11)

7. Challenge with young children

8. More videos of challenge Videos on: jamesnottingham.co.uk p4c.com Youtube.com/jabulani4

9. Being in the pit represents cognitive conflict Robin Hood was right Stealing is wrong 142

10. Eureka moments come from challenge Eureka! Concept Conflict Construct Clarity 1 Confusion 3 2 The Pit 207

11. Praise that discourages pupils getting in the pit Clever girl! Gifted musician Brilliant mathematician Bright boy Top of the class! By far the best

12. The effects of different types of praise Mueller and Dweck, 1998 In six studies, 7th grade students were given a series of nonverbal IQ tests.

13. Mueller and Dweck, 1998 Intelligence praise “Wow, that’s a really good score. You must be smart at this.” Process praise “Wow, that’s a really good score. You must have tried really hard.” Control-group praise “Wow, that’s a really good score.”

14. Number of problems solved on a 3rd test

15. Boys get 8 times more criticism than girls

16. The effects of praise Swimming “You do your best swimming when you concentrate and try your best to do what Chris is asking you to do” Ballet “You’re the best ballerina in the world!”

17. Contact Details www.jamesnottingham.co.uk james@p4c.com