History of measuremet and evaluation

History of Measurement
and Evaluation in the
Philippines
MARTIN L. NOBIS JR.,MAED
University of Eastern Philippines

Historical Development of Measurement and
Evaluation
nobisjr_martin@yahoo.com
Development of Intelligence Test
Intelligence test was developed in Germany, England, France and
America.
1879 – The 1st
psychological laboratory was established in Leipzig,
Germany by Welhelm Wundth. The problems studied were on
sensitivity to visual, auditory and other sensory stimuli and these
sensory phenomenon were reflected in the 1st
psychological test.
1. Germany and Experimental Psychology
1885 – Herman Ebbinghaus, a German psychologist and founder
of quantitative study of memory published memory experiments.
(arithmetic computation, memory span and sentence completion to
school children).

Evaluation
1894 – German psychologists Kroeplen and Sommer, contributed
the development of free-association tests.
1912 – William Stern pioneered the differential psychology the
differential psychology. He dealt with differences among individuals in
various psychological traits.
MQ = MA / CA
IQ = MA /CA  Lewis M. Terman

Evaluation
1879 – Francis Galton, an English scientist, was the originator of
the questionnaire method theory of eugenics(deals w/improvement of
hereditary qualities) He invented statistical and experimental
methods and suggested a graphical method of representing
correlation.
1885 – Galton published a paper called “Regression towards
Mediocrity in Heredity Stature” – (predicting physical characteristics of
their parents).
2. England and Statistical Methods
Karl Pearson (Galton’s student) and Carl Spearman – developed
the science of statistics.
*Pearson product moment coefficient of correlation
*Spearman rank correlation coefficient/ spearman rho
*Spearman- Brown Formula

Evaluation
1838 – Esquirol, a French physician, distinguished levels of
imbecility and idiocy individuals use of language. He pointed out the
individual’s use of language provided the most dependable criterion for
gauging the intelligence levels. e.g. Peabody Vocabulary and
Stanford Binet Tests.
3. France and Abnormal Psychology
Seguin – a French physician contributed significantly to the
training of the feeble-minded(mentally deficient).
Seguin Form Board Test – devised for sensory motor training of
mentally defectives. (board consist with 10 holes of different shapes)
Alfred Binet – a French psychologist developed the extensively
used test of intelligence and whose thinking was influence by the
early psychophysicists.

Evaluation
1905 - Binet & Simon, devised the first intelligence scale which
marked the appearance of the scale for measurement of intelligence.
1908 – second revision introduced the concept of mental age
1911 – more tests were added at different year levels and the scale
was extended to the adult level. This test was brought to the United
States particularly at Stanford University.
1916 – Stanford – Binet or Stanford Revision was published
which made use of the intelligence quotient (IQ) for the first time.
3. France and Abnormal Psychology

Evaluation
1904 – Dr. Eduard L. Thorndike, an American educator and
Father Of Educational Measurement, published his first
book in educational and mental measurement.
1908 – J. McKeen Cattel, was the first to use the term “mental
test”
- “Father of Mental Testing”
1912 – Kuhlman, published his first revision of the Binet Scale.
It was a downward extension of test to the age level of three
months.
4. America and Applied Psychology
1916 – Lewis M. Terman of Standford University, made a
thorough revision of Binet Scale.
- Standford-Binet /Stanford Revision was published.
- IQ - Intelligence Quotient was first used.
1937 – the second Stanford revision was printed consisting of two
equivalent forms L and M by Terman & Mervill
1960 – third revision, provided a single form (L-M)

Evaluation
1939 – Wechsler, published Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
(WAIS). This scale is widely used of verbal and non-verbal
intelligence. (16-75 years old). (1955 2nd
edition)
- Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC),
adaptation of the Adult Scale for children from 5-15 years old.
4. America and Applied Psychology
1960 – C. Safran, published another intelligence test known as
Safran Culture-reduced Intelligence Test (SCRIT). This test
consists of 36 items applicable to children from 7-12 years of
age.
35 and above - intellectual advance
24-34 - above average
18-23 - average
18 below - intellectually retarded

Evaluation
Development of Achievement Test
1845 – Horace Mann, influence the introduction of written
examination to the schools in Boston due to the disadvantages
of the oral examination.
1864 – Rev. George Fisher, an English school master, devised and
utilized the first objective measures of achievement.
Scale Book- for measuring the learners’ achievement in school
subjects was the predecessors of the modern day proficiency
scales in hand writing, spelling, grammar and composition.
1894- he administered a list of spelling words and subsequently
used these test in other areas to measure differences between
groups of learners who were taught differently.

Evaluation
1908 – Cliff W. Stone, published the first standardized
achievement test in Arithmetic, (Stone Arithmetic Test).
1909- Dr. Eduard Lee Thorndike, Stone’s teacher and awarded
as Father of Educational Measurement, develop the first
handwriting scales.
1920 – an informal objective test was developed.
1924 - William A. McCall, published his pioneer book dealing
with test adaptation.
1931 – evaluative tests and techniques were developed.
1942 – Arthur I. Gates, published the Gates Basic Reading Test
for Grade III-VIII.
1944 – evaluative instrument were developed.
1945 – mental and educational tests.

Evaluation
1953 – Stanford Achievement Test in Reading for primary
grades was published.
1954 – Stanford Achievement Test in Reading for elementary
1955- Stanford Achievement Test in Reading for intermediate
(paragraph meaning and word meaning)
1964 – Gates Reading Tests, consist of vocabulary and
comprehension tests were published.

Evaluation
Development of Character and Personality Measurement
1912- Fernald, was the first to measure character by tests.
1921 – Voelker invented some actual situations for testing
character.
- Symonds published his book “Diagnosing Personality and
Conduct”.
- Hermann Rorschach, introduced a multi dimensional test
of personality known as Rorschach test. (10 ink blots)
1949- 16 PF (16 Personality factor) is an objectively scorable test
devised as basic research for getting an insight of a person’s
personality.
1953 – Guilford and Zimmerman conducted a survey to
determine a comprehensive picture of an individual’s
personality. Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey
(GZTSW)
1959 – Porter and Catell, published the CPQ (Children’s
Personality Questionnaire).

Evaluation in the Philippines
Clemente, Martinez and Uichanco
1st Period - before 1898
2nd
Period – 1898 – 1900 (the last three years of
19th
century)
1901 – 1925 (the 1st
quarter of 20th
century)
3rd
Period - 1926 – 1956
4th
Period - 1957 - 1963

1st Period - before 1898
It was characterized by oral and performance tests were there was
little recognition on individual’s performance.
It was characterized by uniform final examinations throughout the
country
2nd
Period – 1898 – 1900 (the last three years of 19th
century)
- 1901 – 1925 (the 1st
quarter of 20th
century)
1924 – The 1st
standardized test adapted in the Philippines was the
Philippine Vocabulary Test.
1925 - Monroe Survey Commission evaluated obtaining in
Philippine Public Schools.

3rd
Period - 1926 – 1956
This period was marked the abolition of the common final
examinations prepared in the general office in each school year,
decentralization of the final achievement test was adapted.
1950 – giving of competitive examinations for selection of elementary
grades teachers took place.
1957 - In this period much attention was directed toward
personality development and evaluation not only in schools but in
business and industrial corporation.
1960-1962 – Achievement testing, after more than three decades
of decentralization, shifted to the centralized system again for three
school years.
4th
Period - 1957 - 1963

April 23, 1978 – the first Professional Board Examinations for
Teachers (PBET) has been administered pursuant to
Presidential Decree No. 1006.
PBET – has been administered by the Civil Service Commission and
Department of Education Culture and Sports.
November 1995 – the last administration of PBET.
Professional Licensure Examination for Teachers (PLET) given by
the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) was the successor of
PBET by virtue of Republic Act 7836 known as Professional
Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994.
August 24-25, 1996 – the first administration of PLET.

LET – Licensure Examination for Teachers
-The LET was implemented in the Philippines through the enactment of
Republic Act 7836 or otherwise known as the “Philippine Teachers
Professionalization Act of 1994” on December 16, 1994. The enactment of the law
didn’t mean that the teachers in the Philippines were not “professional”. Rather it
is a means to strengthen and improve not just the teachers, but also the quality of
education and the whole education system in general. By improving the teachers,
the students will naturally follow the embitterment of those who lead them.
Before R.A. 7836 was implemented, education in the Philippines was
mostly regulated and supervised by the National Board for Teachers (NBT). Even
though R.A. 7836 was signed as law in 1994, the first LET exam was held two
years later. On August 1996, a total of 97,560 examinees took the first LET exam
administered by both the Board for Professional Teachers (BPT) and the
Professional Regulation Commission (PRC).
BLEPT – Board Licensure Examination for Professional
Teacher

November 25, 1975 – the first National College Entrance
Examination (NCEE) was administered to all high school graduates by
the Department of Education Culture and Sports (DECS) pursuant
to Presidential Decree No. 146
1975-1993 – all first year college applicants should meet the NCEE
cut-off score to qualify them to enrol in baccalaureate course in any
public and private institutions of higher learning.
September 2, 1993 – the last administration of NCEE
NSAT (National Secondary Assessment Test) is the successor of
NCEE per DECS Order No. 31, s 1993, dated May 21, 1993. The
results of the NSAT was transmuted into percentage grades and should
be given an equivalent of 1/5th
of the general average of each subject
are in English, Filipino, Mathematics and Science & Technology.
September 1994 – first administration of NSAT
2003 – NSAT was discontinued

August 31, 1993 – NEAT (National Elementary Achievement Test)
for all Grade VI pupils was administered pursuant to DECS
Order No. 30, s. 1993 dated May 20, 1993. The test covered
in four areas namely English, Mathematics, Science and
Heograpiya/Kasaysayan/Sibika.
2002- NEAT was discontinued and replace by NAT (National
Achievement Test) given to Grade IV pupils and first year high school
students by the Department of Education (DepEd).
February 2003 – first administration of NAT

NCAE – National Career Assessment
Examination
- The NCAE was developed to
improve the quality of secondary education
graduates entering college. It aims to
maintain the highest quality of education in
the Philippines by leading the flow of students
to courses in post-secondary institutions of
learning matching their aptitude to promote
national development.

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