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1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 191
Microstrip patch antenna for C band satellite application
Akshay kumar1, Logeshwaran2, Arun3
1,2PG scholar, Anna university regional campus, Madurai, India.
3Assistant Professor, Electronics and communication Engineering,
Anna university regional campus, Madurai, India.
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Abstract - This paper is proposes about microstrip patch
antenna in satellite application. The frequency bandwidth of
this antenna is 0.3GHz and its return loss is -24.33dB. This
antenna has uplink frequency of 5.9GHz and downlink
frequency of 5.1GHz. The design of the patch antenna is
calculate, simulated and optimized by HFSS software. In
military application this c band satellite antenna is mainly
focused over the voice as well as data communication. The
favorable frequency of this antenna is 4-8GHz and it can be
illustrated in various dimension and used for satellite.
Key Words: Microstrip, 4-8GHz,C band,Militarysatellite,
HFSS.
1. INTRODUCTION
An antenna is unavoidable component of all wirelesssystem.
It is used to convert electrical signal to EM waves byactingas
a medium between RF transceivers and free space. Many of
the antennas are operating effectively in small frequency
band as it is resonant device. It is very important to tune the
antenna with same band of the RF system to which it is
connected in order to avoid the impairment of transmission
and reception.As it is a passive device it can onlydirecttothe
given input signal in particular direction, it does not amplify
the signal. This paper also deals with the performance of
compact microstrip patch antenna with different substrate
like FR4 and Rogger in experiment [1].
In this paper we knows that rogger is used as dielectric and
FR4 for same return loss as it is constructed with 2 stacked
patches like upper and lower patch separated as FR4 and
dielectric materials [2]. In other case both the two patches
are manufactured as FR4 materials which reduce the
bandwidth due to higher permittivity which is compensated
by introducing parasitic patches [3]. In this paper mainly
focused to step impedance microstrip line with compact
microstrip UWB antenna. Here this UWB antenna is contain
capable of supporting large bandwidth [4]. The technique of
Quasi metallic wall which is increases the gain of antenna
array. Mainly an antenna CB-CPW is used reduce the wave
loss and decrease the antenna radiation efficiency [5]. In this
system the separate frequency reconfigurablepatchantenna
systems that no need to require any control signals from the
radio is presented [6]. The optimum frequency range of
antenna lies between 4-8GHz as well as used to C band for
communication signaling. Here the proposed paper is
classified into 3 more sections.SectionIIshowntheproposed
military based antenna design and its parameters, section III
reveal the simulation results and calculation and section IV
and V hardware and finally closing the paper.
2. GEOMETRYANDSTRUCTUREOFPROPOSEDANTENNA
As shown in figure.1 the dimension of the proposed C band
microstrip antenna is 40X40mm which is fabricated using
copper. The sidewidth of the patch antenna is 1.72mm andit
is fed with 50 and feed line is connected to standard
connector. The design of the patch antennaisproposedusing
done by ansoft HFSS software.
The proposed design is the first design in the softwaremodel
by ansoft HFSS software. The software design simulated the
ansoft HFSS software and then analyzing the antenna
performance in software model.Thenfabricatethehardware
model for the proposed design that, which refers from the
software model of the proposed antenna.
Fig -1: Antenna Design
Fig -2: Ground Plane Structure

2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 192
2.1. DESIGN EQUATION OF THE PROPOSED ANTENNA
The length (l) and width (w) for designing the proposed
microstrip patch antenna is obtained from the following
equations from (1) to (4).The microstrip patch antenna
width(w) andantenna’s effective dielectric constant( )of
the patch can be resolute through the equation (1) and (2).
(1)
Where
c = free space velocity of Light
f = resonant frequency
dielectric constant of substrate
(2)
The extension patch length ( ) is given by the equation (3)
through which the actual patch length (l) can be calculatedin
from equation (4)
(3)
Where = width of the Patch
(4)
The rectangular patch has two slits which cut from its sides.
The measurement of the microstrip antenna and the
substrate are illustrated in below Table I.
Table -1: Dimensions of Antenna.
PARAMETERS DIMENSION
(mm)
Patch Length (L) 30mm
Patch Width(W) 30mm
Substrate Length
(Ls)
40mm
Substrate
Width(Ws)
40mm
Substrate
Thickness
1.64mm
3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The rectangular patch antenna has been analyzedwithHFSS.
Fig. 3 reveal the return loss curve properties of the patch
antenna, with varying many slots. From the figure it is clear
that the addition of slots to the antenna design improved the
performance of the antenna.The antennaisspecifiedtowork
in C band for satellite communication. From Figure 2 the
maximum return loss is -24 dB at 7.4 GHz. However there is
another frequency of 8.06 GHz with a significant return loss
of -21 dB. The antenna gives the best performance in the C
band region for a frequency of 7.4 GHz and a return loss of -
27.33 dB. The elimination of extra significantfrequencieshas
been done by a bit of compromise on the return loss and
making the antenna optimum to work at C band region for
satellitebased data communication. The radiationpatternof
the proposed antenna for far field region in all the
configuration slots at a solution frequency range is 7.4 GHz
are illustrated in Figure 3, from where it is clearly evident
that the radiation pattern in the operation region are stable.
3.1. RETURN LOSS
Simulation result of Returned loss signal for the proposed
military based antenna is illustrated in Figure 3.The
simulation result of the proposed microstrip patch antenna
working frequency is 5.78GHz and 7.48GHz.
Fig -3: Return loss
3.2. VSWR
The result of VSWR of the C band micro strip antenna is
illustrated in the Figure4, thesimulatedVSWRvalueisbelow
the 2 for all bands.
Fig -4: VSWR

3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 193
3.3. RADIATION PATTERN
The simulation result of 3D radiationpatternsisillustratedin
the figure 5, Current distribution and radiation pattern is
reveal in the figure 6 and 7.
Fig -5: Radiation pattern
Fig -6: Current Distribution
Fig -7: 3D Polar plot
4. SUMMERY OF RESULT
Table -2: Resulted Values for C Band.
BAND WIDTH 5.1 – 5.3 GHz 5.9 – 6.1GHz
RETURN LOSS -20 dB -24 dB
UPLINK 5.3GHz
DOWNLINK 6GHz
4.1. HARDWARE DESIGN
Hardware design of the proposed microstrip patch antenna
shown in Figure8 and 9. It isprinted on FR-4 materialhaving
relative andloss tangent of 4.4mm and 0.02mm respectively.
The port through which the input is given has an input
impedance of 50. This type of Antenna will be used in variety
of applications in future wireless communication.
Fig -8: Radiating patch side of hardware design
Fig -9: Ground plane side of hardware design

4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 194
5. CONCLUSION
In this paper, C band antenna has been designed and
simulated. Their returned signal loss and radiation pattern
for far field has been proposed in the paper. The software
results introduced that the C Band patch antenna attain a
high return loss beyond 24 dB. This antenna can therefore
facing the different requirements for satellite based Military
communication applications. The VSWR as well as signal
return loss improvement factor will be studied now to get
high gain and small size with larger packing efficiency
onboard military satellite devices. In future work the layout
of antenna feed lines and associated components in order to
decrease the dimension of overall system. Future scope will
give the enhancement process for the width of such an
antenna.
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