The document compares the education systems of Pakistan and Indonesia. Some key points: - Literacy rates are higher in Indonesia (95.38% male, 93.59% female) than Pakistan (58% overall, with a gap between male and female rates). - Both countries have compulsory primary and secondary education, but Indonesia's system is larger with over 170,000 primary schools. - Subjects like science are emphasized in both countries, with Pakistan spending 2.2% of GDP on education and producing Nobel laureates. Overall investment in education and improving quality are seen as important to both nations' futures.

1. COMPARATIVE EDUCATION SYSTEM
OF PAKISTAN AND INDONESIA
PRESENTED BY : IJAZ LIAQAT
STUDEN NO : S/2015-2919
PRESENTED BY: MAM TAYYABA

2. WHY I CHOOSE INDONESIA
Indonesia is an Islamic country. Indonesia is an archipelagic island
country in south east Asia, lies between two oceans pacific and Indian
oceans.
• Fourth most popular country
• Beaches and volcanoes
• High literacy rate
• Quality of education

3. FLAGS OF PAKISTAN AND INDONESIA

4. HISTORY OF PAKISTAN
Pakistan came existence on 14 August 1947.
The first Governor General of Pakistan was Quaid-e-Azam
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Pakistan became member of UN on 30 September 1947.
Urdu is declared as national language of Pakistan on 2 February
1948.
Founding father of nation Quaid-e-Azam died in Karachi September
11, 1948.

5. HISTORY OF PAKISTAN
 Khawaja Nazimuddin become the second governor general of
Pakistan on September 14, 1948.
The first prime minister of Pakistan assassinated at Rawalpindi on
October 16,1951.
 Muhammad Ali bogra is sworn as prime minister.
1956 Constitution is promulgates on Pakistan Day.Major General
Iskander Mirza sworn in as first President of Pakistan on March
23,1956.

6. HISTORY OF PAKISTAN
Ayub forces Iskander Mirza to step down, General Ayub Khan himself
becomes President on October 27, 1958.
Presidential Cabinet decides to name the new capital as Islamabad
on February 24, 1960.
1962 Constitution is promulgated on June 8, 1962.
Presidential election held. Field Marshal Ayub Khan reelected as
President on January 2, 1965.
National Assembly elections held. Out of 150,Pakistan Muslim
League wins 120 seats.

7. HISTORY OF PAKISTAN
Second War between India and Pakistan over Kashmir on September
6, 1965.
East Pakistan uprising forces Ayub Khan to resign and hand over
power to Army Chief General Yahya Khan. Martial Law is proclaimed
and assemblies are dissolved on March 25,1969.
President General Zia dissolves National Assembly and Junejo
Cabinet on May 29, 1988.
President General Zia dissolves National Assembly and Junejo
Cabinet on May 29, 1988.

8. HISTORY OF PAKISTAN
Benazir Bhutto is sworn in as first woman Prime Minister of Pakistan
on December 2, 1988.
General elections held. Nawaz Sharif elected Prime Minister.
Supreme Court restores National Assembly and Prime Minister
Nawaz Sharif on May 26, 1993.
Imran Khan launches new political party, Pakistan Tehrek-e-Insaf(PTI)
on April 25, 1996.

9. HISTORY OF INDONESIA
The history of Indonesia has been shaped by its geographic position.
its natural resources, a series of human migrations and contacts,
wars and conquests, as well as by trade, economics and politics
. Indonesia is an archipelagic country of 17,000 to 18,000 islands
(8,844 named and 922 permanently inhabited) stretching along the
equator in South East Asia.
The area of Indonesia is populated by peoples of various migrations,
creating a diversity of cultures, ethnicities, and languages.

10. HISTORY OF INDONESIA
The archipelago's landforms and climate significantly influenced
agriculture and trade, and the formation of states.
The boundaries of the state of Indonesia represent the 20th century
borders of the Dutch East Indies.
Europeans such as the Portuguese arrived in Indonesia from the 16th
century seeking to monopolies the sources of
valuable nutmeg, cloves, and cubeb pepper in Maluku.
In 1602 the Dutch established the Dutch East India Company (VOC)
and became the dominant European power by 1610.

11. HISTORY OF INDONESIA
VOC was formally dissolved in 1800, and the government of the
Netherlands established the Dutch East Indies under government
control.
By the early 20th century, Dutch dominance extended to the current
boundaries.
An attempted coup in 1965 led to a violent army-led anti-communist
purge in which over half a million people were killed.
The Reformism era following Suharto's resignation, has led to a
strengthening of democratic processes, including a regional
autonomy program, the secession of East Timor, and the first direct
presidential election in 2004.

12. DEMOGRAPHICS
Pakistan
Pakistan; officially the
Islamic Republic of Pakistan;
Urdu: ‫ستان‬ِ‫ک‬‫پا‬ ‫جمہوریہ‬ ‫سالمی‬ِ‫ا‬ ,
is a country in South Asia.
Area: 881,913 square kilometers
(33rd largest country)
GDP :315.00 USD Billion
Indonesia
Indonesia officially the Republic
country BHASHA is officially
language, is a country in
Southeast Asia.
Area : 1.905 million km²
GDP: 1.016 trillion

13. GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN
Continent Asia
Region South Asia ; Subcontinen
Coordinates 30°00'N 70°00'E
Area Ranked 36th
• Total 796,096 km2 (307,374 sq mi)
• Land 96.9%
• Water 3.1%
Coastline 700 km (430 mi)

14. GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN
Borders Total:
6,774 km (4,209.2 mi)
Afghanistan:
2,430 km (1,509.9 mi)
China:
595 km (369.7 mi)
India:
2,240 km (1,391.9 mi)
Line of Control:
740 km (459.8 mi)
Iran:
909 km (564.8 mi)
Highest point K2
8,611 m (28,251 ft)
Lowest point Arabian Sea
0 m (0.0 ft)
Longest river Indus River
Largest lake Manchhar Lake

15. GEOGRAPHY OF INDONESIA
Continent Asia
Region Southeast Asia
Coordinates 5.000°S 120.000°E
Area Ranked 14th
• Total 1,904,569km2(735,358 sq mi)
• Land 95.15%
• Water 4.85%
Coastline 54,720 km (34,000 mi)

16. Borders Malaysia: 2,019 km (1,255 mi)
Papua New Guinea: 824 km (512 mi)
East Timor: 253 km (157 mi)
Highest point Puncak Jaya (Carstensz Pyramid)
4,884 m (16,024 ft)
Lowest point Sea level
0 m (0 ft)
Longest river Kapuas River
1,143 km (710 mi)
Largest lake Lake Toba
1,130 km2 (436 sq mi)
GEOGRAPHY OF INDONESIA

17. PRESIDENT
PAKISTAN INDONESIA

18. CAPITALS
Islamabad Jakarta

19. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
PAKISTAN INDONESIA

20. CURRENCY
PAKISTAN INDONESIA

21. NATIONAL GAME
Hockey Badminton

22. CLIMATE
Pakistan Indonesia

23. CULTURE OF PAKISTAN
• There are five provinces of Pakistan. Each one of them has its own
beautiful culture and traditions.
Provinces are:
Punjab
Sindh
Baluchistan
Khyber Pakhtunkhwah
Gilgit Baltistan

24. PUNJABI CULTURE
Punjabi culture is regarded as one of the oldest in world history.
Punjabi culture is the culture of Punjab people who are now in
different regions of the world map.

25. PUNJABI DRESSING
• The people of Punjab wear clothes having mix color, which is
regarded as beauty. They usually use dress called phulkari which
have mix color.

26. PUNJABI FOOD

27. PUNJABI FESTIVAL
Mainly the fairs held at the shrines of saint are regarded as URS. And
they are celebrated in Punjab. Most popular URS held in Punjab is
Data Ganj Buksh. Punjabis also celebrate seasonal & harvest festivals
which are basant & Baisakhi.

28. SINDHI CULTURE

29. SINDHI LANGUAGES
There are five languages spoken in sindh. They are sindhi, lasi, kutchi,
thari, and sindhi saraiki.
Sindhi is the 3rd most common language spoken in Pakistan after
Punjabi and Pasht

30. SINDHI DRESS
• Sindhi people wear loose kameez and shalwar. People of sindh love
to wear sindhi toppi that is the most eminent feature of sindhi
culture.

31. SINDHI FOOD
In typical sindhi wedding, the food Is mostly sindhi mutton, curry,
palak, channa daal

32. BALUCHI CULTURE
Baluchistan is the largest province of Pakistan by geographical areas
approximately 48% of Pakistan. Baluchi culture is primarily tribal and
conservatives

33. BALUCHI DRESS

34. BALUCHI FOOD
• Balochi dry fruits are very famous all over the world. Their special
item Sajji is liked and loved by a lot. They also eat roasted lamb sand
mutton

35. CULTURE OF KPK

36. DRESSING OF KPK
Men wear shalwar Kames with waist coat and women wear frock
Pakol, Kandahari cap and Turban as headgear

37. KPK FOOD
Shanwari Kabuli Palo Chapli kabab Sajj

38. CULTURE OF INDONESIA
The culture of Indonesia has been shaped by long interaction between
original indigenous customs and multiple foreign influences
The result is a complex cultural mixture very different from the original
indigenous cultures

39. TRADITIONAL COSTUMES

40. DIFFERENT DANCES STYLE FESTIVAL

41. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

42. FOOD

43. FESTIVALS

44. LITERACY RATE
Pakistan Indonesia
Pakistan has 58% literacy rate. The literacy rate of Indonesia is
While the male literacy rate 95.38% While the is
70.2%, for female is 46.3% male literacy rate is 97.17%,
for females is 93.59%.

45. EDUCATION SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN
The constitution of Pakistan requires the state to provide free primary and
secondary education.
At the time of the establishment of Pakistan as a state, the country had only
one university, Punjab University in Lahore. Very soon the Pakistan
government established public universities in each of the four provinces.
In Pakistan, there are three types of education; Formal, Informal and
Religious.

47. EDUCATION LEVEL
Education in Pakistan is divided into six main levels:
nursery (preparatory classes).
primary (grades one through five).
middle (grades six through eight).
matriculation (grades nine and ten, leading to the secondary
certificate).
intermediate (grades eleven and twelve, leading to a higher secondary
certificate).
university programs leading to graduate and postgraduate degrees.

48. EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN
As a result of initiatives taken in 2007, the English medium education has
been made compulsory in all schools across the country.
Additional reforms enacted in 2013 required all educational institutions in
Sindh to begin offering Chinese language courses, reflecting China's
growing role as a superpower and its increasing influence in Pakistan.
Through various educational reforms, by 2015 the Ministry of Education
expected to attain 100.00% enrolment levels among children of primary
school age.

49. SCIENCE EDUCATION
Pakistan is currently spending 2.2 percent of its GDP on education; which
according to the Institute of Social and Policy Sciences is one of the lowest
in South Asia.
There is a lot of focus on science education in Pakistan. Numerous
institutions are providing education in different fields of science.
Teacher training programs for science have been started in country.
The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to a Pakistani laureate, Dr.
Muhammad Abdus Salam(1979).

50. EDUCATION SYSTEM OF INDONESIA
In Indonesia, all citizens must undertake twelve years of compulsory
education which consists of six years at elementary level and three
each at middle and high school levels.
Islamic schools are under the responsibility of the Ministry of
Religious Affairs.
Islamic schools are under the responsibility of the Ministry of
Religious Affairs.

51. CONT.…..
That there are two types of education in Indonesia formal and non-
formal.
Formal education system
primary
secondary
tertiary education
In Indonesia there are approximately 170,000 primary schools,
40,000 junior-secondary schools and 26,000 high schools.

52. CONT.….
84 percent of these schools are under the Ministry of National
Education (MoNE) and the remaining 16 percent under the Ministry
of Religious Affairs (MoRA).
From the age of 2, parents send their children to Taman Bermain.
From the age of 4, they attend Taman Kanak-Kanak.
TKs arrange the classes into two grades: A and B, which are
informally called kelas nol kecil (little zero grade) and kelas nol
besar (big zero grade) respectively,
The kindergarten years are usually divided into "Class A" and "Class
B" with students spending a year in each class.

53. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
The Indonesian education system is the fourth largest in the world.
Primary to high school level is compulsory.
Primary and middle school is free, while in high school, there are
small fees.
Teacher-training programs are varied and gradually being upgraded.

54. CONCLUSION
Subjects such as science and mathematics can be inspirational when taught
well.
The best way to improve a country’s future is to invest in education at early
stage.

55. RECOMMENDATIONS
Expand access to high-quality early
childhood education programs.
Focus on practical work.