![Self-actualization
Esteem
Love / Belonging
Safety
Physiological
morality,
creativity,
spontaneity,
problem solving,
lack of prejudice,
acceptance of failure
self-esteem,
confidence, achievement,
respect of others, respect by others
friendship, family, sexual intimacy
security of body, of employment, of resources,
of morality, of the family, of health, of property
breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, hemostasis, excretion
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs [1]
Abraham Maslow
Picture: source Wikipedia](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kokcharovskillpyramid2015-150522102150-lva1-app6891/75/hierarchy-of-skills-2-2048.jpg?cb=1665569731)
![Multi-level mix
Example :
business simulations [3]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kokcharovskillpyramid2015-150522102150-lva1-app6891/75/hierarchy-of-skills-6-2048.jpg?cb=1665569731)
![ “The craftsman represents the special human condition of being engaged.” [4]
“By one commonly used measure, about ten thousand hours of experience are
required to produce a master carpenter or musician.” [4]
Craftsman](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kokcharovskillpyramid2015-150522102150-lva1-app6891/75/hierarchy-of-skills-7-2048.jpg?cb=1665569731)
![Hierarchy of Competence Adapted from Noel Burch [5]
Unconscious
Competence Right Intuition
Right Analysis
Wrong Analysis
Wrong Intuition
Conscious
Competence
Conscious
Incompetence
Unconscious
Incompetence](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kokcharovskillpyramid2015-150522102150-lva1-app6891/75/hierarchy-of-skills-10-2048.jpg?cb=1665569731)
Hierarchy of Skills
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Similar to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (the Theory of Human Motivation), the Pyramid / Hierarchy of Skills is suggested. It includes 5 levels: Know, Play, Work, Solve, and Invent. Another classification includes roles: Student, Apprentice, Specialist, Expert, and Craftsman. Hierarchy of competence is analysed for Unconscious / Conscious Competence / Incompetence. "The craftsman represents the special human condition of being engaged." - Richard Sennett The work is inspired by two books: - Maslow A.H. A Theory of Human Motivation - Sennett R. The Craftsman. 2008.
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Hierarchy of Skills
- 1. Hierarchy of Skills I. Kokcharov Invent Solve Work Play Know
- 2. Self-actualization Esteem Love / Belonging Safety Physiological morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of failure self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others friendship, family, sexual intimacy security of body, of employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, hemostasis, excretion Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs [1] Abraham Maslow Picture: source Wikipedia
- 3. Mission Mastery Member Myself Money Creating value for others self-improvement, achievement Member of a team Originality + performance Earning for personal needs Work Motivation: M5-model I. Kokcharov © 2015
- 4. Skills Skill is an ability, coming from one’s knowledge, practice, aptitude to do something well.
- 5. Invent Solve Work Play Know creating new knowledge, skills, products, service; leadership creative use of skills to resolve problems purposeful use of knowledge motivational use of knowledge acquiring basic knowledge Hierarchy of Skills I. Kokcharov © 2015 Craftsman Expert Specialist Apprentice Student
- 6. Multi-level mix Example : business simulations [3]
- 7. “The craftsman represents the special human condition of being engaged.” [4] “By one commonly used measure, about ten thousand hours of experience are required to produce a master carpenter or musician.” [4] Craftsman
- 8. 2% Maslow said only 2% of people reached the stage of self-actualization. The same percentage can be attributed to the highest level of the Skill Hierarchy. Craftsman is rare species
- 9. Competence Competence is the condition of being capable; possession of required skill, knowledge, qualification, or capacity.
- 10. Hierarchy of Competence Adapted from Noel Burch [5] Unconscious Competence Right Intuition Right Analysis Wrong Analysis Wrong Intuition Conscious Competence Conscious Incompetence Unconscious Incompetence
- 11. Learning by Doing Participating Receiving To work with a coach, Immediate practicing Play Exercises, Discussion, Demonstration Audiovisual Reading Lecture Retention of Learning I. Kokcharov © 2015 > 75% 20% - 75% <20%
- 12. Needs Safety Physiological Self- actualization Esteem Love / Belonging Work Motivation Myself Money Mission Mastery Member Invent Solve Work Play Know Skills Receiving Participating Learning by Doing Learning Retention Wrong Intuition Wrong Analysis Right Analysis Right Intuition Competence
- 13. 1. Maslow A.H. A Theory of Human Motivation http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm 2. Kokcharov I. What motivates us to work hard? https://aplusclick.wordpress.com/2013/01/06/what-motivates-us-to-work-hard/ 3. Kokcharov I. Using Business Simulation to Analyze Project Management Decision Making. Proceeding of 45th International Simulation and Game Association Conference, Dornbirn, Austria, 2014, p.313-318. ISBN: 978-3-7639-5420-9 4. Sennett R. The Craftsman. 2008. Penguin Books ISBN 978-0-141-02209-3 5. Noel Burch cited at Wikipedia «Four Stages of Competence» http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_stages_of_competence 6. Dreyfus S.E., Dreyfus H.L. "A Five-Stage Model of the Mental Activities Involved in Directed Skill Acquisition" 1980 Bibliography