STUDY OF SUITABLE FOUNDATION IN SEISMIC ZONE III CONSIDERING SSI

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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp.
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976
© IAEME Publication Scopus
STUDY OF SUITABLE FOUNDATI
ZONE III CONSIDERING
PG Student, Civil Engineering Department,
Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
ABSTRACT:
Objective: The objective of the paper is the study of maximum shear forces and bending
moments of soil interaction of different types of foundations.
made to study the effect of soil structure interaction of a multi
isolated foundation and strip foundation systems resting on clay soil. The building was
analyzed by equivalent static method using STAAD Pro software for building with rigid base.
ANSYS 12.0 is used for analyzing the building for effect of soi
foundation and strip foundation.
resting on earthquakeprone region, the soil structure interaction must be considered in
analysis. Foundation is a part of structure in which
is found that by considering the soil structure interaction the shear force and bending moments
of strip foundation are very less than isolated foundation.
Key words: Seismic analysis, soil structure interact
Cite this Article: M. Manjari and Ch. Hanumantha Rao
Seismic Zone III Considering SSI
8(1), 2017, pp. 756–763.
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1. INTRODUCTION
Designing and modelling of any structure
who analysis and designs the structure and the geotec
aspects of the soil. The strength and the foundation
while designing the structure in earthquake zone
transmits all the loads to the soil.
structure and soil as one. Analysis of the structure helps the designer to study the behavior of
structures probably the shear force and bending moments
analyzed a frame with soil structure interaction using FEM. It states the behavior
having soil beneath. The results shows bare frame with soil structure interaction shows more
IJCIET/index.asp 756 editor@iaeme.com
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 756–763 Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_090
6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
Scopus Indexed
OF SUITABLE FOUNDATION IN SEISMIC
ZONE III CONSIDERING SSI
M. MANJARI
Student, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, A. P, India
CH. HANUMANTHA RAO
Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, A. P, India
The objective of the paper is the study of maximum shear forces and bending
moments of soil interaction of different types of foundations. Method: An attempt has been
made to study the effect of soil structure interaction of a multi-stored SMRF b
is used for analyzing the building for effect of soil interaction for isolated
foundation and strip foundation. Findings: According to IS1893-2002 when a str
prone region, the soil structure interaction must be considered in
analysis. Foundation is a part of structure in which transfers the loads of building of the soil. It
of strip foundation are very less than isolated foundation.
Seismic analysis, soil structure interaction, foundations, STAAD Pro, ANSYS 12.0.
M. Manjari and Ch. Hanumantha Rao, Study of Suitable Foundation in
Seismic Zone III Considering SSI. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology
Designing and modelling of any structure a crosses two engineering disciplines, the structural engineer
designs the structure and the geotechnical engineer who deals
and the foundation of the structure are the two aspects m
in earthquake zone. Foundation is the part of the structure which
The soil structure interaction study is used to access the behavior of
shear force and bending moments of the foundation.
ed a frame with soil structure interaction using FEM. It states the behavior
editor@iaeme.com
ON IN SEISMIC
SSI
The objective of the paper is the study of maximum shear forces and bending
An attempt has been
stored SMRF building with
l interaction for isolated
2002 when a structure is
prone region, the soil structure interaction must be considered in
transfers the loads of building of the soil. It
ion, foundations, STAAD Pro, ANSYS 12.0.
Study of Suitable Foundation in
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology,
disciplines, the structural engineer
hnical engineer who deals with the geotechnical
of the structure are the two aspects must be studied
. Foundation is the part of the structure which
ructure interaction study is used to access the behavior of
of the foundation. M.V Gaikwad (2015)
ed a frame with soil structure interaction using FEM. It states the behavior of bare the frame

Study of Suitable Foundation in Seismic Zone III Considering SSI
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 757 editor@iaeme.com
displacements than the analysis of structure without soil structure interaction. Also analysis of bare
frame with soil structure interaction shows less shear force and bending moment as compared with
analysis of the bare frame without soil structure interaction. Rama Rao et al (2014) analyzed a
structure to examine the reaction of soil-structure interaction on horizontal and vertical displacements
at the supports for various heights providing sub grade modulus of soil as a defining soil medium by
springs for some defined wind loads. From the results it states that the with the increase in the value of
the sub grade modules reaction and with the increase of the storey level of the structure the
displacement of the structure increases. R.R Chaudari (2013) analyzed a high rise structure with pile
raft foundation considering soil structure interaction and studied the behavior of pile raft foundation. It
states that the moments of soft clay are much more than that of silty clay in all cases, the settlements
are less affected by soil types, and moment carrying capacity of soil pile structure system is a function
of soil type, pile diameter, quantity of concrete.
2. OBJECTIVE
The objective of the paper is the study of maximum shear forces and bending moments of soil
interaction of different types of foundations. A 7 storied building is considered for the study and is
analyse the types of foundations such as isolated foundations and strip foundations.
3. METHODOLOGY
STAAD PRO software is used model the building, create the number of floors, supports are fixed, and
the structure is analyzed and designed. In soil structure interaction the size of the footing is very
essential. ANSYS 12 workbench is used to determine the shear forces and bending moments for the
building. ANSYS finite element tool helps in simulating every structural aspect very efficiently. The
results are made reliable by the wide variety of material models, the quality of the element available,
and the ability to model every aspect.
In this paper a G+6 building is analyzed and designed in staad proin which the support reactions
were found. Using the support reaction the size of the foundation is fixed. The structure is modelled
using appropriate interface material in ansys. Then the model is meshed defining the mesh refinement
in the mesh tool. The shear force and the bending moments are obtained from the results tab.
3.1 loads and loads combinations considered:
The multistoried structure is analyzed for self-weight of the slabs, beams and columns self-weight,.
The load calculations and load combinations are considered as per IS: 875 – 1987.
3.1.1 Loads
1. Self-weight of members
The Multistory structure is assigned self-weight of beam and column.
2. Self-weight of slab
Assume slab thickness as 150mm
Total self-weight of slab and floor finishers = 0.15 X 25 + 1 = 4.75 k N/ m2
3. Outer walls weight in the structure
Assuming thickness of Outer wall =230mm and Wall Height = 4m
Total weight = 0.23 X 18.85 X 4 = 17.342KN /m
4. Special design load
Special design load was taken as 5 k N / m2 as it is considered as an educational building.
5. Live load
Live load was taken as 5 k N / m2 as it is considered as an educational building.

M. Manjari and Ch. Hanumantha Rao
3.1.2 Load Combinations
As per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 Clause no. 6.3.1.2, the following load cases have to be
Table 1 Load combinations
S. No Load Combination S. No Load Combination
1 (D.L+L.L) 14 1.2(D.L+L.L+EQ-Z)
2 1.5(D.L+L.L) 15 .9D.L+1.5WL+X
3 .9D.L+1.5EQ+X 16 .9D.L+1.5WL-X
4 .9D.L+1.5EQ-X 17 .9D.L+1.5WL+Z
5 .9D.L+1.5EQ+Z 18 .9D.L+1.5WL-Z
6 .9D.L+1.5EQ-Z 19 1.5(D.L+WL+X)
7 1.5(D.L+EQ+X) 20 1.5(D.L+WL-X)
8 1.5(D.L+EQ-X) 21 1.5(D.L+WL+Z)
9 1.5(D.L+EQ+Z) 22 1.5(D.L+WL-Z)
10 1.5(D.L+EQ-Z) 23 1.2(D.L+L.L+WL+X)
11 1.2(D.L+L.L+EQ+X) 24 1.2(D.L+L.L+WL-X)
12 1.2(D.L+L.L+EQ-X) 25 1.2(D.L+L.L+WL+Z)
13 1.2(D.L+L.L+EQ+Z) 26 1.2(D.L+L.L+WL-Z)
3.2 Modelling:
A symmetrical type of building is modeled for this study, a G+6 structure is created in staad, and it is
analyzed and designed. The details of the structure are listed in table 2. The plan with column numbers
are showed in the figure 1.
Figure 1 Plan and column positioning.

Table 2 Details of the structure.
S. No Details Value
1. Height 4m
2.
Span x direction
Span y-direction
19.1m
35.2m
3. Column size
C1-.5mX.5m(2,3,12,13)
C21mX.6m(1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,14,15,16,17,18,19,20)
4. Beam size
B1-1.2mX.6m
B2-.6mX.23m
5.
Grade of concrete
Grade of steel
M35
Fe 500
6. Earthquake zone III
7. Importance factor 1.5
8. Live loads 5KN/mm²
9. SDL 5KN/mm²
10 Type of soil Clayey soil
11 Safe bearing capacity 200kn/m²
The 3D view of the structure is shown in fig 2.After designing and analyzing the structure in staad
and according to the support reactions obtained the columns are divided into 5sets as shown in the
table 3. The middle columns carry the maximum axial loads.
Figure 2 3D plan of the structure
Table 3 Column set numbers
S. No Set number Column numbers
1 1 1,4,11,14
2 2 2,3,13,12
3 3 5,10,15,20
4 4 6,9,16,19
5 5 7,8,17,18

A G+6 storey educational building is taken for the study and analyzed for two types of foundation
i.e. isolated foundation and strip foundation. At first the structure is modeled for isolated foundation.
Then the structure is modeled for the strip foundation. The maximum shear force and bending
moments are noted. The soil stiffness value is taken from the range of 32000kn/mm³ to 8000kn/mm³
as per Bowles J. E., "Foundation Analysis and Design”. The modulus of elasticity is found out by
using The modulus of elasticity is found out by using the formula 500√fck, for M35 grade concrete
E=29580.39N/mm². The possions ratio is taken as .15 for concrete. Figure 3 shows the corresponding
mesh for isolated foundation and figure 4 shows the corresponding mesh for strip foundation. 478276
elements and 482625 nodes are created for isolated foundation. 22268 elements and 23202 nodes are
created for strip foundation.
Figure 3 Modal of the structure with isolated foundation
Figure 4 Modal of the structure with strip foundation

Study of Suitable Foundation in Seismic Zone III Considering
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 SHEAR FORCE
The variation of shear force for isolated and strip foundation for different set numbers are shown in fig
5.
• The shear force value of strip fo
for set number 1(columns: 1, 4, 11, and 14).
for set number 3(columns: 5, 10, 15, and
Figure 5 Variation of Shear force for isolated and strip foundation.
4.2 BENDING MOMENT
The variation of bending moments for isolated and strip foundation for different set numbers are
shown in fig 6.
• The bending moment value of strip fo
foundation for set number 1(columns: 1, 4, 11, and 14).
of Suitable Foundation in Seismic Zone III Considering SSI
SSIONS
ce for isolated and strip foundation for different set numbers are shown in fig
The shear force value of strip foundation is decreased by 81% when compared to isolated foundation
ip foundation is decreased by 91% when compared to isolated foundation
number 5(columns: 7, 8, 17, and 18).
Variation of Shear force for isolated and strip foundation.
variation of bending moments for isolated and strip foundation for different set numbers are
The bending moment value of strip foundation is decreased by 93% when compared to isolat
1(columns: 1, 4, 11, and 14).
The bending moment value of strip foundation is decreased by 94% when compared to isolated
SSI
editor@iaeme.com
ce for isolated and strip foundation for different set numbers are shown in fig
is decreased by 81% when compared to isolated foundation
Variation of Shear force for isolated and strip foundation.
variation of bending moments for isolated and strip foundation for different set numbers are
is decreased by 93% when compared to isolated
creased by 96% when compared to isolated

M. Manjari
Figure 6 Variation of bending moments for isolated and strip foundatio
5. CONCLUSION
In order to find the soil structure interaction of a multistoried building with various types of
two different analysis have been carried out. G+6 storey structure is taken for the study with isolated
foundation and strip foundation. Two separate analysis is carried for the same structure and same
clayey soil. On analyzing the result, it is
for strip foundation and the percentage variation of shear force is about an average of 85% less than
that of isolated foundation and the percentage variation of bending moments is about an aver
95% less than that of isolated foundation.
found to be more effective.
REFERENCES
[1] Wolf, J.P, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 19
[2] Dr. C. Ravi Kumar Reddy
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[3] R. R. Chaudhari, Dr K. N. Kadam 2013:
Considering Soil Structure Interaction.
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moment value of strip foundation is decreased by 97% when compared to isolated
Variation of bending moments for isolated and strip foundatio
In order to find the soil structure interaction of a multistoried building with various types of
clayey soil. On analyzing the result, it is found out that the shear forces and bending moments are less
that of isolated foundation and the percentage variation of bending moments is about an aver
95% less than that of isolated foundation. Thus out, the two foundation system strip foundation is
Wolf, J.P, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1985. Soil- Structure Interaction.
Dr. C. Ravi Kumar Reddy and T.D Gunneswara Rao 2011: Experimental study of a modeled
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Bowles J. E., "Foundation Analysis and Design. 5th ed.", New York: McGraw
editor@iaeme.com
Variation of bending moments for isolated and strip foundation.
In order to find the soil structure interaction of a multistoried building with various types of foundation
found out that the shear forces and bending moments are less
that of isolated foundation and the percentage variation of bending moments is about an average of
Thus out, the two foundation system strip foundation is
Structure Interaction.
and T.D Gunneswara Rao 2011: Experimental study of a modeled
Effect Of Piled Raft Design On High-Rise Building
Gaikwad M.V, Ghogare R.B, Vagessha S. Mathada 2015: Finite element analysis of frame with soil
Effect of lateral force on tall buildings with different
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visions and Buildings (Fifth Revision), Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
2000: Indian standard Criteria for Plain and Reinforce Structure, New Delhi.
Bowles J. E., "Foundation Analysis and Design. 5th ed.", New York: McGraw-Hill (1996).

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[10] IS 875 (Part-3)-1987 Indian Standard Code of Practice for “Design of Wind Loads for Buildings
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[12] Akpila, S. B. and Omunguye, I. W. Derivative of Stress Strain, Deviatoric Stress and Undrained
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Strength Behaviour of Flyash Treated Black Cotton Soil. International Journal of Civil Engineering
and Technology, 7(5), 2016, pp.153–160.

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