Latest invention of decade

1. HIMANSHU GUPTA
(Amity University Noida M.TECH (I&PE))

2.  An invention is a unique or novel device, method, composition or process.
 In other words, something that has never been made before, or the process of creating
something that has never been made before:
 Invention comes with the need of mankind. The world of invention is never static:
Expectations and capabilities evolve with every step forward, and each new
generation boasts its own set of innovative thinkers.
 An invention that achieves a completely unique function or result is a radical
breakthrough which is a term used by scientist.
 Invention is often a creative process which allows an inventor to see beyond what is
known.
 Here are 10 significant inventions of the decade that are very useful for the human
race.

3.  Introduction
 i-LIMB – the bionic hand
 Bigdog-The terrain robot
 GPS
 Wireless electricity
 Bladeless windmill
 Hover board scooter
 Roadable aircraft
 Reaper drones
 Gi-Fi
 NFC

4. The world’s first commercially available prosthetic hand,invented by
David Gow, created by Touch Bionics, was both multi-articulating and
capable of power grip.
Each finger is capable of its own movement and also holds larger objects.
The i-limb hand is controlled through the use of myoelectric
signals,which uses the muscle signals.
This year, a new prototype restores patients' sense of touch by attaching
itself to the body’s nervous system.

5. Approximately 185,000 amputations occur in the United States each
year.

6. Boston Dynamics calls BigDog, “the most advanced rough-terrain robot
on earth.”
Released in 2005, BigDog was designed using funding from the Defence
Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA, and was created to
serve as a “pack mule” for a solider in the battle field.
The robot is about the size of a large dog and can carry a load of up to
340 pounds (150 kg) at 4 miles/hr while climbing over rough terrain and
steep inclines.
BigDog’s ability to recover from a kick, and walking on icy surfaces is
simply amazing.

7.  Its design absorbs shock, and recycles energy from one step to the next.
It also has an onboard LIDAR and stereo vision system for navigation.

8. The Global Positioning System (GPS), also known as Navstar.
It is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that provides
location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere
on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to
four or more GPS satellites.
The GPS system provides critical positioning capabilities to military,
civil, and commercial users around the world.

9. The GPS project was launched in the United States in 1973 to
overcome the limitations of previous navigation systems.

10. As the word wireless means ‘without wire’ , One of the best
invention of 2014 is the Wireless electricity or WiTricity , based in
Watertown, Mass .
Its technology—involving a plug-in coil that creates a magnetic field,
which in turn powers objects as far away as 8 ft. (2.4 m)—has been
tested on Toyota electric cars (with charging mats), Intel PCs (with
charging pads) and more.

11.  Within 10 years, says CEO Alex Gruzen, rooms could be wired so that
all appliances—lamps, TVs, stereos—pull power from a central
charging base.

12. David Yáñez, one of the company’s cofounders, first came across the
concept as a student studying the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge
in Washington.
Spanish startup Vortex Bladeless has developed turbines.When wind
passes one of the cylindrical turbines, it shears off the downwind side of
the cylinder in a spinning whirlpool or vortex. That vortex then exerts
force on the cylinder, causing it to vibrate.
The kinetic energy of the oscillating cylinder is converted to electricity
through a linear generator similar to those used to harness wave energy

13. Yáñez says it will generate electricity for 40 percent less than the cost of
power from conventional wind turbines.

14.  A self-balancing scooter or self-balancing two-wheeled
board commonly referred to as a "hoverboard", is a type of portable,
rechargeable battery-powered scooter. They typically consist of two
wheels arranged side-by-side, with two small platforms between the
wheels, on which the rider stands. The device is controlled by the rider's
feet, standing on the built-in gyroscopic, sensored pads.
 In 2014, several such devices appeared in China, and by 2015, they became
widely popular in the United States, following numerous celebrity
appearances with the device. There is no universally accepted name for
the device, as its various product names are attributable to the companies
which distribute them and not their manufacturers.

15.  Once someone hops on, the device uses a pair of electric gyroscopes (one
under each pad) to balance automatically, allowing users to speed
forward, backward and around by slightly shifting their body weight.

16.  A Plane that can drive.
 In 2009, the Terrafugia team successfully flew the Transition over
Plattsburgh, New York.
Terrafugia is a small privately held American corporation.
Terrafugia was founded by graduates of the Department of Aeronautics
and Astronautics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and
graduates of the MIT Sloan School of Management.

17. Speed in air (316km/hr)
Speed on road (180km/hr)

18. M19 Reaper drone (US carries out military operations.
It is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
Reaper drone has been used in surveillance operations and strikes against
militants.
The drones are capable of reading a license plate from over two miles
away while at an altitude of 52,000 feet.
It is capable of remote controlled or autonomous flight operations,
developed by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems (GA-ASI)
primarily for the United States Air Force (USAF).

20.  Gi-Fi or Gigabit Wireless is the world's first transceiver integrated on
a single chip that operates at 60GHz on the CMOS process.
 Gi-Fi allows wireless transfer of audio and video data up to 5
gigabits per second.
Gi-Fi wireless usually within a range of 10 meters.
The reason for pushing into Gi-Fi technology is because of
high power consumption,
Slow rate
low range of frequency operation i.e. bluetooth and wi-fi.

22. NFC stands for “Near Field Communication” and, as the name implies, it
enables short range communication between compatible devices.
This requires at least one transmitting device, and another to receive the
signal.
The technology used in NFC is based on older RFID (Radio-frequency
identification) ideas, which uses electromagnetic induction in order to
transmit information.
Drawback of NFC is that it is quite a bit slower than Bluetooth ,
transmitting data at a maximum speed of just 424 kbit/s, compared
with 2.1 Mbit/s with Bluetooth 2.1

23.  But NFC does have one advantage when it comes to speed, faster
connectivity.
 It takes less than one tenth of a second to establish a connection
between two devices