Fertilization in humans

1. FERTILISATION

2. Sex Hormones
• Hormones influencing sexual characters-
progesterone,estrogen, testosterone
• Synthesized from cholesterol & acetyl coA

3. Estrogen
• 3 major types
• Beta-estradiol
• Estrone
• estriol

4. Func.• Narrow shoulders,broad hips,body hair pattern & fat dis.
• Dvlpt & maintenance of female repd sys
• Growth of smooth muscles & epithelial lining of endometrium
• Devpt of pubic hair
• contr & ciliary activity of fallp tube
• secretion of mucus
• Growth of ext genetilia,breasts
• Secretion of PRL

5. Progesterone
• Hormone of maturation /pregnancy hormone
• Func.
• Prep of endometrium for implantation
• Dec contraction of uterine tubes
• Maintains pregnancy
• Stimulates breast growth

6. Testoserone
Prod by leydig cells ---influence of ICSH
Func.
Broad shoulders, narrow hips, body hair pattern & fat
dis
Induces sex drive at puberty
Dvlpt & maintenance of male repd sys
2* sexual characters-facial hair=>moustache
Deep voice
Devlpt of acc sex organs
Pubic hair

7. FERTILITY CONTROL
• Some mthds:
• Educate people
• Adv of popln control
• Raise age of marriage to educe repd span
• Adopt family planning

9. I )Contraception
-prevention of conception
• 3 major catg:
• A) natural
• B) mechanical
• C) chmical

10. Natural contraception
• 1)rhythm mtd/calender
• 2)Coitus interruptus/withdrawal mtd

11. Mechanical contraception
• A) condom sheath)
• B) Diaphragm (cap)

12. C) intrauterine
device

13. Chemical contraception
• A) oral pills- for 21 days
from 5th
day of menstrual cycle
–hormones est & progt
inhibits FSH& LH
• B) Vaginal spermicides

14. Sterilization
vasectomy
tubectomy

15. Tubectomy /tubal ligation

16. Laparoscopic tech

17. III) Medical termination of pregnancy
(MTP)
IV )Removal of gonads
hysterectomy-uterus
oophorectomy -ovary
castration-testis