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Does the Theory of Evolution include statements of lineages for the evolution of humans? Provide scientific rationale for inclusion/exclusion. Solution The theory of evolution does not describe the process for every single species.The process of evolution is based on the principle of development of all species from a common ancestor.The theory of evolution is based on the scientific views of many scientists and not just one .From Darwin\'s theory of evolution to the emerging ideas of scientists over the last 150 years, a lot of expansion has taken place regarding the evolution theory.In this context it can be said that we can always propose a hypothesis as to how humans evolved.The hypothesis proposed by us could be wrong as well but then it is a part of science.The current agreement regarding the evolution of humans is that as per the theory of evolution humans belongs to order Primates and Family Homonidae.It has been hypothesised from fossil records in the evolution theory that humans have evolved from primate ancestors in the late Mesozoic about 14 millions years ago and those ancestors no longer exist now.The modern humans have been reported to have evolved 200,000 years ago in east Africa..

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What is evolution? What is it when we say the theory of evolution? What does the theory of evolution say about the diversity of life on earth? What is evolution? What is it when we say the theory of evolution? What does the theory of evolution say about the diversity of life on earth? Solution Evolution is defined as the process by which different kinds of living organisms are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth. Biological evolution refers to cumulative changes that occur in a population over time. Theory of evolution: The theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin, entails the evolution by natural selection of life on earth. It states that new generations are born with different inheritable traits, and that the traits superior for the survival will be passed on to new generation. This means that given enough time an organism can change and evolve to create a new speices. Using the theory of evolution, scientists predicted the ancestors of modern life forms, paleontologists found fossils that backed up the initial predictions..

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[Quantum Mechanics] In my class we are talking about the quantum harmonic oscillator and I have a question. Does parity have a generator? If so, what is it? If not, how is the condition of parity symmetry expressed in terms of the operators? Solution The parity transformation, P, is a unitary operator, acting on a state as follows: P(r) = ei/2(r). Also, P2(r) =ei(r), since an overall phase is unobservable. The operatorP2, which reverses the parity of a state twice, leaves the spacetime invariant, and so is an internal symmetry which rotates its eigenstates by phasesei. IfP2is an elementeiQof a continuous U(1) symmetry group of phase rotations, theneiQ/2is part of this U(1) and so is also a symmetry. We can defineP=PeiQ/2, which is also a symmetry, and so we can choose to callPour parity operator, instead ofP. Note thatP2= 1 and soPhas eigenvalues ±1. However, when no such symmetry group exists, it may be that all parity transformations have some eigenvalues which are phases other than ±1..

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Write a function which return a list of all of the n element subset of a given set Implement in JAVA Question 3 Write a function that returns a list of all of the n-element subsets of a given set. For example, if the given set is [1,2,3] and n is 2, then the returned list should contain [1,2], [1,3], and [2,3]. The order of the elements is not important. Solution The program for this problem is as follows: Comments are included in the program for explaining the steps. A sample output is attached below the program. package com.temp; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Scanner; /** * Program to find sublists of a list. * @author Rohit Phatak * */ public class subset { /** * This list will contain the resultant sublists. */ static List list = new ArrayList<>(); public static void main(String arg[]){ /** * Input a list comma separated. */ System.out.println(\"Enter a list : \"); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String s = scanner.nextLine(); String[] sArr = s.split(\",\"); /** * Input a value of n. */ System.out.println(\"Enter value of n : \"); Integer n = scanner.nextInt(); /** * Check if value of n is greater than entered list. */ if(sArr.length < n){ System.out.println(\"Length of list is less than value of n\"); } else if(sArr.length > 0){ getSubsetList(sArr,n); System.out.println(\"List is as :\"); /** * Printing the sublists. */ for(String[] str : list){ String printVar = \"\"; for(String temps : str) printVar+=temps+\",\"; System.out.println(\"[\"+printVar.substring(0, printVar.length()-1)+\"]\"); } } else { System.out.println(\"Please enter atleast one element:\"); } scanner.close(); } /** * This method calls the recursive function which is used to obtain the sublists. * @param sArr * @param n * @return */ public static List getSubsetList(String[] sArr,Integer n){ List lista = new ArrayList<>(); sublist(sArr, 0, n, new String[n]); return lista; } /** * This is a recursive function. * This function will iterate over itself for finding the sublist. * * Parameters are as follows: * * @param arr -> List entered by the user. * @param n -> Value of sublist entered by user. * @param startPosition -> index to start creating the sublist. * @param result -> resultant sublist */ public static void sublist(String[] arr, int startPosition, int n, String[] result){ /** * Check for the value of n ==0. * If n==0 break from the recursion. */ if (n == 0){ /** * Add the sublist \'result\' in the list. */ list.add(result.clone()); return; } /** * Iterate through for loop starting from startPosition till length of list minus entered value n. */ for (int i = startPosition; i <= arr.length-n; i++){ /** * Here result is a temporary sublist. * This for loop adds an element to the temporary sublist in each iteration. * The element is added from the complete list entered by user. * Location of element is iTh index. */ result[result.length - n] = arr[i]; /** * After adding the element to the temporary sublist, the sublist an.

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what is tax preference Solution Tax preferences are measures of the government under which different items are exempted from paying taxes. Tax preference items are that type of income that are tax free and hence triggers AMT (alternative minimum tax) for the taxpayers. Examples of tax preference items are deductions for accelerated depreciation, excess intangible drilling costs, capital gains from exercise of stocks etc. Tax preference items are added to the AMT..

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Which of the following is true regarding homologous structures? A. They have similar morphologies despite the possibility of having different functions B. They are inherited from a common ancestor C. Vertebrate forelimbs are homologous and provide evidence for descent with modification D. Only A and B E. A, B, and C Solution Answer E. Homologous structure evolved from common ancestor example forelimbs of humans and bat . Hence answer e is correct..

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Why is it reasonable to assume that Venus, Earth, and Mars started with roughly the same primordial atmospheres? Solution Earth, Venus, and Mars all formed from the same material found in the Solar Nebula, but the origin of the atmospheres was the volcanic outgassing of H2O, CO2, SO2, and N2. Since volcanic activity was important on all three planets early in their evolution, Hence their primordial atmospheres should have been very similar..

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Which of the following is NOT a complication in development of an HIV vaccine? Virus attacks an important component of the immune system that is needed to create the immune response to the virus Viral proteins do not trigger an immune response. Diversity of the virus throughout the world, or even within a single person Short time from entry of the virus into a human and the virus\' fusion with CD4 cells. Which of the following is NOT a target of current HIV antiviral drugs? Fusion of the virus to CD4 cells The reverse transcriptase that copies viral RNA into DNA Excision of the viral DNA from the human chromosomes. Protease involved in maturation of the viral particle Which of the following is NOT true concerning home testing for HIV infection? It tests for antibodies to the HIV virus The results are expressed as a viral load. It can give many false positives (a positive test when the person is not HIV-positive) It is relatively expensive (about $40) Solution Q.No 1 short time from entry of the virus into a human and the virus fusion with CD4 cells Q.No 2 Excision of the viral DNA from human chromosome Q.No 3 The results are expressed as viral load HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. If left untreated, HIV can lead to the disease AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). HIV attacks the body\'s immunity system, specifically the CD4 cells (T cells), which help the immune system fight off infections. If left untreated, HIV reduces the amount of CD4 cells (T cells) in the body, making the person more prone to get infections or infection-related cancers. With time, HIV can destroy so many of these cells that the body can\'t fight off infections and disease..

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Write a C++ program that implements a binary search tree (BST) to manage a number of integer items with different priorities. In order to do so. you will need to maintain a queue as an item in the tree. Each queue item is an integer. All items in a given queue will have the same priority. As a new item with a user-specified priority comes in, it should be enqueued in the queue with items of that priority. A new queue may need to created in case a queue with that priority does not exist. Use dynamic memory to manage nodes in the queue and BST. Implement the following: Constructor. Destructor. Overloaded copy constructor. Overloaded assignment operator. Overloaded \"==\" operator to check if two trees are equal. A tree t1 is equal to t2 if for every queue in t1, a corresponding queue with the same priority exists in t2 with the same set of elements (the order of the elements in the queue docs not matter). Overloaded \" Solution program using namespace std; #define width_unit 5 class BStree { private: class Node { public: int data; Node *left, *right; Node(int d=0) :data(d), left(NULL), right(NULL) {} }; Node *root; Node * trav(int, Node * &); void chop(Node * N); void copy(Node * N); void print(ostream &, Node *, int) const; void print(Node *, int) const; public: BStree(void); ~BStree(void); bool find(int); void insert(int); void remove(int); bool empty(void) const; Tree(const BStree &); const BStree & operator=(const BStree &); friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &, const BStree &); }; BStree::BStree(void) { root=NULL; } bool Tree::empty(void) const { return !root; } BStree::Node * BStree::trav(int foo, Node * & par) { Node * curr=root; par=NULL; while(curr && curr->data != foo) { par=curr; if(foo < curr->data) curr=curr->left; else curr=curr->right; } return curr; } bool BStree::find(int foo) { Node * par=NULL; Node * curr=trav(foo, par); return curr; } void BStree::insert(int foo) { Node * par=NULL; Node * curr=trav(foo,par); if(!curr) { curr= new Node(foo); if(!par) root=curr; else if(foo < par->data) par->left=curr; else par->right=curr; } } void BStree::remove(const int foo) { Node * par=NULL; Node * curr=trav(foo,par); if(curr) { if(curr->left && curr->right) { Node * tmp=curr; par=curr; curr=curr->left; while(curr->right) { par=curr; curr=curr->right; } tmp->data=curr->data; } Node *tmp=(curr->left ? curr->left : curr->right); if(!par) root=tmp; else if(par->data < curr->data) par->right=tmp; else par->left=tmp; delete curr; } } void BStree::chop(Node *N) { if(N) { chop(N->left); chop(N->right); delete N; } } BStree::~BStree(void) { chop(root); } BStree::BStree(const BStree & T) { root=NULL; copy(T.root); } void BStree::copy(Node * N) { if(N) { insert(N->data); copy(N->left); copy(N->right); } } const BStree & BStree::operator=(const BStree & T) { if(this != &T) { chop(root); root=NULL; copy(T.root); } return *this; } void BStree::print(ostream & ost, Node * curr, int level) const { if(curr) { print(ost,curr->right,level+1); ost<data<le.

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Whats the role of the gastric caeca in a grasshopper Solution Grasshoper: Insects of the suborder Caelifera within the order Orthoptera. Role of the gastric caeca in a grasshopper: Gastric caeca are finger-like projections of the digestive tract found in many insects. These pouches extend from the mid-gut and contain protozoa or bacteria that aid digestion,Gastric caeca increase the surface area in the digestive tract increasing digestive enzyme secretion and nutrient absorption.The gastric caeca project at the transition from foregut to mid-gut. Insects feeding on difficult to digest materials, pouches called gastric caeca arise in the front of the midgut. Each gastric caecum often contains protozoa and/or bacteria that aid in digestion..

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what does it takes to be a living organ? What does it take to be a living organism? Living things share 8 characteristics that are listed in Chapter 1 of your textbook on page 19 Think of an organism or cell in which all 8 characteristics are not obvious for example, coral looks like it does not move, red blood cells do not reproduce and have no DNA. frogs freeze in the winter therefore it seems as if they do not maintain homeostasis, and so on Focus your discussion on the following Make comparisons between living things and nonliving things that have some of the characteristics that define life Compare the following pairs and explain what the differences are using the 8 criteria A rock to a snail A rock to a tree A dog to a TV Explain why electricity is sometimes called line, or discuss some of the characteristics fire shares with living things (it can grow, it metabolizes, and so on) Solution The 8 characteristics of living organisms are: These 8 traits are generally used to classify organisms are either living or non-living. Things that do not exhibit all 8 traits are scientifically classified as non-living. However, there are many classified living things that do not visibly show all 8 characteristics. For example, trees are made of cells, grow, evolve, reproduce, etc, but they do not physically move. Bacteria and other single celled organisms do not show different levels of cellular organization. In ant colonies, only the queen reproduces, yet even the non-reproducing worker ants are considered living. Viruses are another hotly debated topic, as scientists continue to argue if they are living or non-living. While outside the host body they may seem dead, when they enter the host they stir to life, using the host\'s cellular machinery to reproduce, grow, assemble themselves before destroying the cell and continuing the infection. Sometimes, even non-living things seem to share a few traits of living things. For example, icicles may be non-living, but in cold weather they can visibly \'grow\' as water freezes and the icicle expands in size. Comparing the following pairs: Electricity and fire are often termed \'alive\' due to their behaviour, however, they are forms of energy, not living organisms. Uncontrollable electricity is often termed \'live\', it travels through conductive materials, it can even reproduce by distributing energy along various paths as it travels. Similarly, fire, when provided with the right materials, can grow and spread. It metabolizes fuel to maintain itself, and its movement and growth can be altered in response to external stimuli. However, neither electricity nor fire consist of cells, nor do they evolve, and being forms of energy, they cannot maintain homeostasis. Thus, they are classified as non-living..

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ve targets. ball and sodket hinge joint condyloid joint saddle joint Ch 05 HW Ch 08 HW pivot joint Solution Ball and socket joint is between humerus and scapula. Hinge joint is between the humerus of the upper arm and the ulna and radius of the forearm. Pivot joint : Pivot joints allow for rotation, which can be external (for example when rotating an arm outward), or internal (as in rotating an arm inward).Example is proximal and distal radioulnar joint Condyloid joint : Oval shaped condyle of one bone fits into elliptical cavity of other bone. These joints allow biaxial movements i.e. forward-backward and side to side but not rotation. Example is the wrist joint. Saddle joint : The carpometacarpal joint of the thumb makes the human thumb opposable by allowing it to move across the palm to contact the other four fingers of the hand. Plane joint :Plane joints permit sliding movements in the plane of articular surfaces.

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This one is for you - assume that this pedigree shows the inheritance of a rare autosomal condition. Note that the father (II-4) is a known carrier and that this couple has had 3 normal children. What is the probability that she is a carrier? Solution The disease is rare autosomal. In other words it is autosomal recessive disorder. Now the male and female in II-1 and II-2 have disease. Lets call their genotype as \"aa\". But Their parents in I generation are normal. This means they are carriers of the disease with genotype Aa and Aa. Their third daughter II-3 has no disease, Her genotype can be Aa or AA, so probability to carry a recessive allee a is 1/2. If she had had a diseased child, her genotype would have been Aa with 100%probability. But as has all healthy kids, probability of her being carrier is 1/2..

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There are 7 people in the elevator in a 10-story building. They are allequally likely to exit on any oor and they are independent of each other.What is the probability that 3 of them will exit on one oor, 2 on another,and the last two on two dierent oors. Solution As the events are independent, probability can be calculated as below. P(3)=3/7=0.43 that is 3 people exit on floor floor P(2)=2/7=0.29 that is 2 people exit on another floor P(1)=1/7=0.14 that is probability of last two person each who will exit on different floors. Here events are independent so events are not affected by previous events and so we have calculated probability for each one of them with same n=7..

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safety Construction Safety-Quiz 1 According to OSHA, what must management provide for their workers/employees? When and for what reason does OSHA require an employer to provide a certified first aid responder on a construction site 1926 as compared to 1910? are moving signs, provided by workers, such as flaggers, or devices, such as flashing lights, to warn of possible existing hazards. ASHA are the warnings of hazard, temporarily or permanently affixed or placed, at a person approved or assigned by the employer to perform a specific type of one who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional locations where hazards exist. duty or to be at a specific location at a jobsite. standing......has successfully demonstrated his/her ability to solve problems relating to the Name the four parts of a Safety and Health program: Name to three type of citations OSHA issues to standards?Alashi What does the OSHA standard 5a1 cover or réter to Sape s that are non-compliant with OSHA harka to companies that fail to comply with their standards. 18. OSHA issues 2 Discuss Direct and Indirect Costs involving an employee injury/accident . What are the 4 elements of OSHA\'s Focus Four policy and discuss what companies are required to have in place in order to qualify for a Focus 4 inspection as compared to a comprehensive (wall to wall) project inspection. asing mo Solution Answer1. Under the OSHA law, employers have a responsibility to provide a safe workplace. Provide a workplace free from serious recognized hazards and comply with standards, rules and regulations issued under the OSHA Act. Examine workplace conditions to make sure they conform to applicable OSHA standards. Make sure employees have and use safe tools and equipment and properly maintain this equipment. Provide medical examinations and training when required by OSHA standards and many other OSHA standards. Answer2. OSHA\'s standard for first aid training at Construction site In the absence of an infirmary, clinic, or hospital in near proximity to the workplace which is used for the treatment of all injured employees, a person or persons shall be adequately trained to render first aid. Adequate first aid supplies shall be readily available. The primary requirement addressed by these standards is that an employer must ensure prompt first aid treatment for injured employees, either by providing for the availability of a trained first aid provider at the worksite, or by ensuring that emergency treatment services are within reasonable proximity of the worksite. Answer3. The OSHA standards are divided into four major categories based on the type of work being performed:agriculture(1928), construction (Part 1926), general industry (Part 1910) and maritime (Part 1918). The construction standard states that fall protection is required when an employee is working on a walking/working surface (horizontal and vertical surface) with an unprotected side or edge which is six feet or more a.

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Question 1 A ____________ is an intelligent device that controls the flow or transmissions in and out of a network. A. bridge B. gateway C. router D. switch 2.5 points Question 2 A _____________________ provides a physical address to a device because it has a unique ID written on a chip that is mounted in the card. A. network interface card B. sound card C. repeater D. physical cable 2.5 points Question 3 What type of network connects devices in a limited geographical area? A. MAN B. LAN C. WAN D. PAN 2.5 points Question 4 Each computer attached to a network or the Internet has a unique address called a(n) ________. A. local address B. IP address C. network address D. Internet address 2.5 points Question 5 In February of 2011 the Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) assigned the last block of IPv4 addresses. What is the new address standard? A. IPV5 B. IPv6 C. IPv7 D. DARPA Solution Answer 1. A Router is an intelligent device that controls the flow or transmissions in and out of a network. the correct option is C. Router Answer 2. A network interface card provides a physical address to a device because it has a unique ID written on a chip that is mounted in the card. the correct option is A. network interface card Answer 3. What type of network connects devices in a limited geographical area? Answer is LAN. option B. LAN Answer 4. Option B. IP address Answer 5. IPv6 option B..

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I finished most of the program, but having trouble with some key features. I bolded and italicized the parts I can\'t figure out, and included them below. I included my code at the bottom. Thanks! 1. I can\'t get my RemoveItem() and ModifyItem() functions to work. 2. GetNumItemsInCart() is returning the wrong value. For example, my cart has 5 chocolate chip cookies, 1 headphone, and 2 sneakers. GetNumItemsInCart() returns 3 instead of 8 when I output my shopping cart. 3. When PrintDescriptions() is called, the first letter of my item description is missing. For example, for the chocolate chip cookies, the description is Semi-sweet. When PrintDescriptions() is called, it returns emi-sweet, with the S gone. 4. Shopping Cart improperly initialized with default constructor , and I don\'t know why. 12.9 Program: Online shopping cart (continued) (C++) This program extends the earlier \"Online shopping cart\" program. (1) Extend the ItemToPurchase class per the following specifications: Parameterized constructor to assign item name, item description, item price, and item quantity (default values of 0). (1 pt) Public member functions SetDescription() mutator & GetDescription() accessor (2 pts) PrintItemCost() - Outputs the item name followed by the quantity, price, and subtotal PrintItemDescription() - Outputs the item name and description Private data members string itemDescription - Initialized in default constructor to \"none\" Ex. of PrintItemCost() output: Ex. of PrintItemDescription() output: (2) Create three new files: ShoppingCart.h - Class declaration ShoppingCart.cpp - Class definition main.cpp - main() function (Note: main()\'s functionality differs from the warm up) Build the ShoppingCart class with the following specifications. Note: Some can be function stubs (empty functions) initially, to be completed in later steps. Default constructor Parameterized constructor which takes the customer name and date as parameters (1 pt) Private data members string customerName - Initialized in default constructor to \"none\" string currentDate - Initialized in default constructor to \"January 1, 2016\" vector < ItemToPurchase > cartItems Public member functions GetCustomerName() accessor (1 pt) GetDate() accessor (1 pt) AddItem() Adds an item to cartItems vector. Has parameter ItemToPurchase. Does not return anything. RemoveItem() Removes item from cartItems vector. Has a string (an item\'s name) parameter. Does not return anything. If item name cannot be found, output this message: Item not found in cart. Nothing removed. ModifyItem() Modifies an item\'s description, price, and/or quantity. Has parameter ItemToPurchase. Does not return anything. If item can be found (by name) in cart, check if parameter has default values for description, price, and quantity. If not, modify item in cart. If item cannot be found (by name) in cart, output this message: Item not found in cart. Nothing modified. GetNumItemsInCart() (2 pts) Returns quantity of all items .

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How will the rate of diffusion of an interstitial i Impurity atom Increases? CIRCLE THE BEST ANSWER Increase Decrease The rate of diffusion will be unaffected by changes In the size of the impurity species. impurity species change as the size of the impurity species. Solution The rate of diffusion will decrease as the size of the impurity atoms increases because greater the size of impurity atoms greater will be the difficulty in accomodating the impurity atoms at interstitial sites and also larger size will decrease its mobility and provide hindrance during its movement from one site to another. all these factors contribute in decrease in rate of diffusion..

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