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Evolution Of Evolution And Evolution
Title: Evolution
Author: Annette Gonzalez
December 9, 2014
Abstract:
This paper will cover the topic of evolution of organisms. Evolution is the process of constant change from a lower, more simple to better, complex
state (Merriamā€“Webster, 2014). In this essay, there are different philosophies that support the idea ofevolution. For instance, there is anatomical,
homology, natural selection evidence. This ideas will be explained in more detail in the body of the paper. Besides this, the report will explicate how
evolution of organisms does not occur in the course of time, rather organisms give rise to other animals. In addition, the paper will clarify what causes
mutations in genes. Moreover, it will elucidate what sexual recombination means and how it is relevant in relation to evolution. Lastly, there will be an
explanation to why evolution of organisms will come to a dead end at some point.
Introduction:
There are three main categories in relation to evolution that will be presented. The first section clarifies Charles Darwin's contribution to the concept of
evolution. Specifically, the different theories of evolution Darwin supported with evidence are explained. The second part of the paper clarifies how
genes and DNA are responsible for the evolution of organisms. In the third section, evolutionary trends in organisms are revealed.
Charles Darwin:
According to Stanley, Charles Darwin was a main contributor to the idea of evolution. He
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Why Do You Believe In The Theory Of Evolution
Introduction
Do you believe in the theory of evolution? There are many people who believe evolution is how humans came to be in today's world. Charles
Darwin was the first to publish work on the theory in 1859, concluding it is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes
in heritable physical or behavioral traits. Over the years scientists have began trying to prove this theory is real. The theory has two main points, all
life is connected and related to each other and the diversity is a product of modifications of populations by natural selection. Modern scientists have
gone even further to branch off of the theory to make more points of the theory such as natural selection, origin of species, and modern understanding.
...show more content...
In today's society there are a strong number of individuals who strongly believe it is true. The theory is untrue from the majority's point of view.
This is because there are no hard facts to prove we have all evolved from the same specimen. The only type of evolution is how animals adapt to an
environment over time, but to say we all came from the same cell is just not provable. To see that a lot of people believe in a loosely supported and
the theory was created by man when there was little to no religion. There's more proof in the religion of Christianity than evolution because of
religious sites and the places that are spoken of in the bible are actual cities. There's nothing but the words of a man that came from his imagination.
Charles Darwin made a lot of valid points but he did not know what modern people know today. Darwin did not know about DNA and the specifics
of each species. If Darwin had all the details of today's scientists, he would have not believed in evolution.
Conclusion
The theory of evolution is a debatable topic. It can go either way depending on the person, but the simple fact is that there is no proof to support the
theory. Scientists have tried to find any realism in the theory but it is just too far fetched to have any concrete evidence. It is a personal opinion in
whether someone believes in evolution or not but it is almost more
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The Theory of Evolution Essay
Biological evolution is the name for the changes in gene frequency in a population of a species from generation to generation. Evolution offers
explanation to why species genetically change over years and the diversity of life on Earth. Although it is generally accepted by the scientific
community, Charles Darwin's theory of evolution has been studied and debated for several decades. In 1859, Darwin published On The Origin of
Species, which introduced the idea of evolutionary thought which he supported with evidence of one type of evolutionary mechanism, natural
selection. Some of the main mechanisms of evolution are natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift. The idea that all life on Earth shares a common
ancestor has been around for...show more content...
Over time the beak would become longer and those birds would survive. The next mechanism, genetic drift, happens by chance. For example, a bug
that is either red or green. If a large portion of the red bug happens to get stepped on, the gene frequency for this species is now changed. Mutation
is another evolutionary mechanism that happens by chance. Mutation is when the genetic material of an organism is altered. An example of this is
albinism which has altered the genes of several different animals. Evolution has been debated for many years. Most scientists assume evolution to be
true, but it is not officially proven. Evolution is known as "fact and theory," because it is a fact that organisms have changed over time, but the
mechanism that changes those organisms is uncertain. One of the major debates regarding evolution is the belief in creationism. Creationists believe
that the Universe and organisms on Earth were all created by a divine power. There are also some theories in which creationism and evolution
coexist. One idea is that the divine being who created the world used evolution as a method. Another idea is that science and religion are actually the
same thing and religion explains the unknown parts of science. For example, science says that the world couldn't have been created in seven days, but
one of God's days may not be the same length
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Argumentative Essay On Evidence Of Evolution
Jewels Hoeser
Dr. Tortorice
Anthropology 2346
September 10, 2015
Evidence of Evolution Evolution is a complex and at times controversial topic. The theory of evolution has been argued since it was first discovered
by Charles Darwin. Evolution has many misconceptions regarding how it came about and its process. The idea that there is an actual science to how
species evolved and continue to evolve is extraordinary. Evolution is a convoluted study that deals with the continuous transformation of organisms and
characteristics. According to Helena Curtis and N. Sue Barnes, "In fact, evolution can be precisely defined as any change in the frequency of alleles
within a gene pool from one generation to the next." (Talkorigins.com) Over the many years of Earth's existence, hundred upon thousands of creatures
and plants have evolved gradually over time creating new species. As the livingā€“things transform, the characteristics and organisms evolve as well.
This transformation will continue just as it has in previous years. With this change, new and old species alike will adapt to their surroundings and
continue this neverā€“ending cycle....show more content...
It is a fact that species evolve, just as it is a fact that the sun rises in the West and sets in the East. Helena Curtis and N. Sue Barnes voiced their opinion
on the evidence of evolution and the transformation of species, "massive additional evidence has accumulated supporting the fact of evolutionā€“ā€“that all
living organisms present on earth today have arisen from earlier forms in the course of earth's long history." (Talkorigins.com)The discoverer of
evolutionary theory Charles Darwin, who suggested that evolution was similar to a tree and that new creations form on the branches of the tree and the
old creations fall away like dead limbs. Darwin's analogy went into further detail stating
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Essay about Evidence for Evolution
Evolution and DiversityŠ²Š‚Š
Evolution and DiversityThe foundation for the theory of evolution was laid by Charles Darwin (Rose, n.d.). He developed hypotheses about natural
selection which helped scientists develop the theory. Evolution is a theory and not a hypothesis because evolution has been proven by vast amounts of
scientific data, research, and testing. The definition of a hypothesis is an educated explanation that needs to be researched and tested but has not yet
been proven (Earman, 1984). There has been no scientific evidence to disprove the theory of evolution. The fossil record is evidence of evolution.
Fossils are often fingerprints of evolution. They help scientists track how species evolved...show more content...
Many die before they are born or hatched depending on species, while many others don't survive infancy and ultimately into their reproductive years.
A portion of those that reach reproductive age will never reproduce due to sterility or other factors. This is a part of thenatural selection process. It is
often referred to as the, "survival of the fittest" (Frederic, 2011). It is hard to truly estimate what fraction of offspring will survive to reproduction.
There are always obstacles to survival for an organism. Climate, food, habitat, and illness are just a few factors which affect natural selection.
Ultimately we know that some traits can increase survival rates for individuals such as their color. We know from Darwin's research that a certain
beak length was favorable in finches but that was also dependent on yearly weather (Petren, 2005). Offspring that possess favorable traits are more
capable of surviving into adulthood and thus reproducing. We know from genetics that there is an increased likelihood that their offspring would also
possess that desirable trait. The population of individuals possessing the trait would increase as more individuals possessing the trait survived to
reproductive years, and fewer without the trait did not. Natural selection can help prevent a species from going extinct if they were to face adverse
conditions that
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Evolution And Evolution Of Evolution
Most things in science all eventually lead back to one thing, evolution. Evolution has been an interesting topic since mankind could wrap its mind
around the concept. Whether one believes in it or not, it is hard to deny the cold hard facts that back up how every being has changed from its
original form of life. From plants to humans, everything has adapted and evolved to be able to adjust to climate changes, habitats disappearing, and
new predators. All it takes is for one mutated gene to get a foothold and aid in the survival of a species for the evoluā€“tion to begin. Although many will
try and disagree, evolution has played a large role in every living beings survival. Even with evolution being such a key part of science, it did not quite
start out that way. "Preā€“Darwinian science, heavily influenced by theology, held that all organisms were created simultaneously by God and that each
distinct lifeā€“form remained fixed and unchanging from the moment of its creation" (Audesirk). This idea lasted for many years, 427ā€“347 B.C., as great
philosophers preached of this grand idea without anyone challenging their words (Audesirk). It gave a simple and easy answer to the tough question of
how everything came to be, which was enough for most people. It wasn 't until 1707ā€“1788 when George Louis LeClerc suggested that maybe the
original sets of life had changed over time (Audesirk). This claim was bold and unā€“heard of before, and many viewed it as blasphemy. "However, by
the 19th
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Essay on Evolution
Essay on Evolution
There are many mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. One of the most important mechanism in evolution is natural selection which is the
differential success in the reproduction of different phenotypes resulting from the interaction of organisms with their environment. Natural selection
occurs when a environment makes a individual adapt to that certain environment by variations that arise by mutation and genetic recombination. Also it
favors certain traits in a individual than other traits so that these favored traits will be presented in the next generation. Another mechanism of evolution
is genetic drift. Genetic drift is a random change in a small gene pool due to sampling errors in propagation of alleles or...show more content...
Some bacteria had genes that coded for enzymes that specifically destroyed certain antibiotics such as ampicillin. From this incident, scientists were
able to deduce that natural selection helped the bacteria to inherit the genes for antibiotic resistance. Scientists have also been able to use biochemistry
as a source of evidence. The comparison of genes of two species is the most direct measure of common inheritance from shared ancestors. Using DNA
ā€“DNA hybridization, whole genomes can be compared by measuring the extent of hydrogen bonding between singleā€“stranded DNA obtained from two
sources. The similarity of the two genes can be seen by how tightly the DNA of one specie bonds to the DNA of the other specie. Many taxonomic
debates have been answered using this method such as whether flamingos are more closely related to storks or geese. This method compared the
DNA of the flamingo to be more closely related to the DNA of the stork than the geese. The only disadvantage of this method is that it does not give
precise information about the matchup in specific nucleotide sequences of the DNA which restriction mapping does. This technique uses restriction
enzymes that recognizes a specific sequence of a few nucleotides and cleaves DNA wherever such sequences are found in the genome. Then the DNA
fragments are separated by electrophoresis and compared to
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Growing Up In Oliver's Evolution By John Updike
Growing Up Growing up can be hard, even from a young age no one wants to get older. "Oliver's Evolution" by John Updike is about just that,
growing up. This story shows the life of a boy named Oliver from an outside perspective. From his beginning when her was a boy through him
getting married and having a kid of his own. This story can be interpreted so many different ways. The one that seems to show up no matter if
analysing the story itself or its meaning to the author himself is that a person grows as they progress through life. One way the story can be
interpreted is that the story represents Mr. Updike's leaving Esquire magazine, seeing as this was the last story that he wrote for them. A few years
after this was published Mr. Updike passed away of lung cancer. When writing this story it could have resembled him reminiscing on his own life and
what has affected him to make him the man he was. Another interpretation could be that like Oliver becoming a parent and starting a new chapter in his
...show more content...
This being that it is about growing up and having to change and make choices in life. The story gives the readers Oliver's background which is an
incite as to why he is the way he is. From being one of the youngest, coming years after this older siblings, to his parents divorce, grades slip etc. we
see how all of this played a role in Oliver's outcome as a person. As the story progresses it gives subtle hints of him getting older and more mature.
One being the comment about his teeth, " his teeth were small and round and widely spreadā€“baby teeth", this shows that even at this part in his life,
when he was in college, that he had not really grown as a person. It is not until later in the story when he meets his girl friend/ wife that the readers
start to see how he grows as a person. He starts to hold the jobs he gets to create an income for him and his
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Evidence Of Evolution
Nora Lyang
AP Bio Pd. 3
2 January 2016
Evidence of Evolution The theory of evolution is the process how organisms on Earth change over time by natural selection. The theory of evolution
is so widely known that it is almost universally accepted, except for a few people that think otherwise. For a theory to become so widely known and
established, there has to have been evidence to back it up. The most prominent pieces of evidence for evolution are often cited as biogeography,
homology, analogy, direct evidence, and paleontology. Each of these pieces of evidence provide indication for evolution. Biogeography is the study of
where life is found and where their descendants were living in the past. Before Darwin, all scientists believed in special...show more content...
Analogous structures have similar structures, but a different origin. They also have similar functions. An example of analogy that supports the theory
of evolution is speciation. Speciation is defined as the biological change over time by which new species arrive. Some might wonder how analogous
structures come to be. Different species usually become more alike because of convergent evolution. For example, two species can live in different but
similar environments and need to fill the same niche in different places on Earth. Because natural selection is the same around the world, the species
will go through similar styles of adaptations. Animals with advantageous adaptations will be able to pass on their genes through reproduction.
Reproduction continues until the advantageous adaptation is the only one left. Occasionally, the favorable variation can change the structure of the
species. Limbs can be lost, gained, or changed, creating analogous structures in diverse species that live in similar niches and surroundings, but don't
live in the same places. A more specific example is the similarity between the wings of birds and bats. A widespread adaptation for many species, the
wings of birds and bats are analogous as flight structures. The wings of both animals have developed by different paths. In bats, the surface of the
wing is a membrane without feathers whereas birds have wings covered in feathers. Although both animals can fly and have wings, they are different
in many other places. Birds and bats just happen to fill the flying niche of their
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Evolution And Evolution Of Evolution
Evolution
Evolution, a change in the genetic makeup of a subgroup, or population, of a species (Nowicki 10). Every living thing in the world is capable of
evolving into something. Cells evolve to perform different tasks and to become stronger. Charles Darwin is the founder of evolution, he realized that
species change over time to ensure survival. The future of evolution can not be predicted.
Everything in our universe starts out as a single celled organism. All life traces back to three billion years ago, therefor all species have had a long time
to evolve into what it is now.
Species evolve to ensure survival, to get a better sense of smell and eyesight. Some bugs have evolved to have a hard exoskeleton that can stand a
lot of pressure and won 't kill them. A duck has evolved to produce oils on its feathers that make them waterproof and keeps them dry and warm in
very cold water. They have also evolved to have webbed feet that makes it easy to swim through the water. The average household dog was once a
wild untamed animal. Over time the process of evolution has changed it into mans best friend. Some have evolved into great hunting dogs, others just
take naps all day. Their sense of smell, hearing, and sight are amazing but they didn 't get like that from the beginning, they evolved.
The importance of evolution helps us solve problems that impact our lives. An example of this is in the field of medicine, to stay ahead of pathogenic
diseases we must understand the
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Human Evolution Essay
Human Evolution
When people take a look at African history in general many topics and ideas come to mind. How the people of Africa lived, how they developed
civilizations and cultures, and how their oral traditions came about are just a few examples. When I am trying to learn about different groups of
people and different areas of the world I most likely start at the very beginning of their existence. Africa being the origin of man and the home for the
majority of developments of early humans suggests that human evolution is an extremely import topic in African history today. Keeping this in mind it
is obvious that if any elements from our African Civilizations class should be required taught in U.S. high schools, the origin of man...show more
content...
These were vital to their progress, transformation to humans, and were evident during the early ape, Australopithecus as well as the later Homo
existence. Even though there have been many archaeological findings that have provided useful information on this subject, there is still a lot that
remains unanswered. There still remains a missing link in the change from monkeys to humans." Recent research, however, has provided so many
'links' in the form of fossil evidence that one scholar has remarked:" It would be far more truthful to say that it is the chain that is missing whilst the
links exist."(( Posnanksy in Zamani, 1974, pg.53) ā€“Shillington 2). If America wants to make progress in this area, requiring this subject to be taught in
high schools would be a very positive step. The more students that are educated about evolution at a young age, the more there will be who seek
professions in this field as adults. A new generation of talented and highly qualified scientists in this area would propel the world closer to finding
explanations and answers in the future.
Even though no one can see or feel it, we as humans are in the process evolving right now. Human evolution is inevitable, and will not stop unless the
world comes to an end. Learning about human evolution, in a since, is learning about yourself and how we came to be. Keeping this in mind, I feel
that students
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Evidence For Evolution Essay
evolution is a biology thing you don't have to believe in it but it happened so dill with it.i'm going to tell you what evolution is based on what i've
searched up on it. During and since Darwin's time, people have been looking for and studying evidence in nature that teaches them more about evolution
. were used by Darwin to develop his theory of natural selection, and are still used today. Others, such as DNA testing, were not available in Darwin's
time, but are used by scientists today to learn more about evolution. Five types of evidence for evolution are discussed in this section: ancient
organism remains, fossil layers, similarities among organisms all others, such as DNA testing, were not available in Darwin's time, but are used by
scientists today to learn...show more content...
Thus, universal common ancestry entails the transformation of one species into another and, consequently, macroevolutionary history and processes
involving the origin of higher taxa. Because it is so well supported scientifically, common descent is often called the by biologists. For these reasons,
proponents of special creation are especially hostile to the macroevolutionary foundation of the biological sciences. This article dirThis article directly
addresses the scientific evidence in favor of common descent and microevolution.evolution, the overarching concept that unifies the biological sciences,
in fact embraces a plurality of theories and hypotheses. In evolutionary debates one is apt to hear evolution roughly parceled between the terms
"microevolution" and "macroevolution". Microevolution, or change beneath the species level, may be thought of as relatively small scale change in the
functional and genetic constituencies of populations of organisms. That this occurs and has been observed is generally undisputed by critics of
evolution. What is vigorously challenged,
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The Future Of Human Evolution Essay
The Future of Human Evolution
Evolution, the science of how populations of living organisms change over time in response to their environment, is the central unifying theme in
biology today. Evolution was first explored in its semiā€“modern form in Charles Darwin 's
1859 book, Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection. In this book, Darwin laid out a strong argument for evolution. He postulated that all
species have a common ancestor from which they are descended. As populations of species moved into new habitats and new parts of the world, they
faced different environmental conditions. Over time, these populations accumulated modifications, or adaptations, that allowed them and their
offspring to survive better in their...show more content...
The question is can humans evolve (physically), that is through changes of some sort to the general human gene pool, enough to be considered a
different species sometime in the future. The answer to this is tricky. The answer is
"yes" if there is no human intervention and "not likely" (or atleast controlled) if there is human intervention. The more
interesting answer is the latter. The first answer deserves some mention. Through the subtraction or addition (that is through chance changes of some
sort) of alleles (different forms of a characteristic gene) from the overall gene pool until homo sapiens are no longer is feasible. One might ask how
and were this is occurring. The answer is human genes are changing all the time through radiation and spontaneous mutations (the latter more rapidly
no than ever since the human population is now larger than ever) and one can see these changes to the overall gene pool in the disappearance of certain
human tribes within parts of Africa and South America..
These tribes unfortunately take exclusive alleles with them. What about Natural
Selection in present human culture. Some peoples are growing faster than others, for exampleā€“Chinese faster than any other in the present world, thus
the large
Chinese population.
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The Theory of Evolution Essay
The ongoing scientific investigation of how exactly evolution occurred and continues to occur has been an argumentative idea amongst society since
Darwin first articulated it over a century ago. The scientific basis of evolution accounts for happenings that are also essential concerns of religion; both
religion and science focus on the origins of humans and of biological diversity. For instance, in the reading "Truth Cannot Contradict Truth," Pope John
Paul II, addressing the Pontifical Academy of Science, discussed the matter of God as creator of man. The Pope explains that men cannot relate to
animals because men are superior. The reasoning for that is because God created humans under his likeness. What the church is saying about mankind
...show more content...
"If no such variations exist, the population rapidly goes extinct because it cannot adapt to a changing environment" (O'Neil, 1998ā€“2013). Scientists call
this reproductive success. "Within a specific environment context, one genotype will be better than another genotype in survival or reproduction for
certain reasons having to do with the way its particular features relate to the environment or relate to other organisms within the population" (Futuyma,
2000ā€“2014). The theory of evolution is explicable through various kinds of scientific research. In the science of paleontology, the history of life is
studied. Paleontologists study fossils to learn the past ecologies, evolution, and the origins of humans. In order to understand the processes that have
led to both the origination and destruction of organisms since life began, paleontologists incorporate both scientific knowledge and studies. Fossil
findings are critically important for confirming predictions of evolution theory. Of the many discoveries that are made yearly to add depth to the
understanding of evolution, an example is a recent discovery of a creature they named Tiktaalik. The Tiktaalik was uncovered to be a transitional
animal between shallowā€“water fishes and limbed animals. The creature supports the idea that it emerged from both mammals and reptiles, suggesting
that the two are related. These findings support prediction of evolution, contradicting the belief that God
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Creationism vs. Evolution Essay
Where we come from is a question as old as mankind itself. There are countless numbers of religions, each with their own twist on the origins of earth
and mankind, but one of the most highly visible debates would be creationism vs. evolution. Depending on where your beliefs lie, the Earth has been
around somewhere in the neighborhood of 6,000 years to 4.5 billion years. One would tend to believe that this vast difference in time would make it
impossible to have 2 "theories" that are so widely accepted. However this debate gives you just that. Each argument has its variations, however it
comes down to either God created the Earth and all things in it as they are now or that life today has evolved from a...show more content...
Under the same idea, the "Old Earth" train of thought is that the "days" mentioned in Genesis were actually up to many millions of years each. This
is one of many "theories" that justifies the actual age of the Earth being around 4.5 billion years old. The third view states that the story of creation
contained in Genesis is not a literal or even a chronological account of happenings. It is instead a guide promoting a sixā€“day workweek with the
seventh day a day of worship to God. The last view is much like the second, in that it considers the "days" to be God's workdays, which may or may not
be equal to an Earth calendar day. Each day represents a period of time that God performed a major task. Each view has the same underlying concept
that God created everything, and the way it is today, it the way it was when it was created.
Webster's Dictionary defines evolution as a theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the
distinguishable differences are due to modification in successive generations. Like creation, evolution is not immune from differing of opinions.
Evolution is split between two frames of though, naturalistic and theistic.
Naturalistic evolution is pretty much cut and dry. It simply states that life started as a single oneā€“celled organism. The universe was created 14 billion
years ago, and the Earth was
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Argumentative Essay On Evolution
Evolution It has always been a mystery of how life on Earth started. Although we may not be able to find out exactly how life originated, we can find
out how life has changed over time through the theory of evolution. Evolution is the process by which all living organisms come through a long
history of changes shaped by physical and chemical processes still taking place. There are debates between whether the theory of evolution is truly
scientific. The argument stems from why evolution is considered a "theory." To many, a theory is simply defined as someone's opinion. Inbiology, a
theory is "an explanation of some natural phenomenon with well supported evidence from experiments or observations" (Reed Wicander, 2012).
Discovery of Evolution
Between 1831 and 1836, Charles Darwin embarked on a fiveā€“year voyage after graduating from Cambridge University with a degree in theology.
Darwin made a visit to the Galapagos Islands, where he made observations which changed his ideas on presentā€“day species. The idea the people of that
time before his discovery held on to the concept of the fixity of species, where all species were created in their current forms with little to no changes
at all. After observing fossils of past mammals and the 13 species of finches living on the island, Darwin realized that these animals came from a
common ancestor. After making such observations, he was convinced that "all living organisms derived from ancestors that lived in the past with some
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Evolution Essay
Evolution
Evolution is a complex process by which the characteristics of living organisms change over many generations as traits are passed from one generation
to the next. Many scientists agree on that concept. They have been trying to develop this theory over hundreds of years to make it reasonable and
beliveable to people. But is evolution the reason that humans are on earth?
People that are not quite religious and have little faith in God believe in evolution. Those who strongly stand by their beliefs supporting evolution, in
my opinion, think they know enough about science and biology and all the complexities of the cell and the human being that they forgot who actually
created all this. In the Bible, the Quran and most if...show more content...
This is prohibited genetically since all of the information for the development of an organism has already been encoded in the DNA of its parent.
Variation to organisms must remain within its basic kind...evolutionists have tried to explain thatnatural selection happened in conjunction with
mutations to the genetic code. This could not produce evolution, however, since mutations do not create new genetic potential, they just alter what is
already there."3 Now genetic alteration, or mutation is being taken place on animals like pigs and mice to try to have human DNA in their cells. The
chances of this taking place successfully is again very low.
Some evolutionists argue that antiā€“evolutionists' only sources are either religous or weak scientific facts. The second law of thermodynamics is
broadly accepted by many scientists and states that, "...anything which is organized , tends with time, to become disorganized. Any physical system
left to itself will decay, or, lose energy and organization within the system...In other words, this law says that the increase of information required for a
life form to evolve could not happen as this increase in information by itself violates the law."4 This disorganization is also called entropy.
1. http://str.org/free/reflections
"Measurements of the sediment deposited each year as a result of the Nile River's overflow shows that
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All living organisms in one way or another interact with the natural ecoā€“system that is on Earth, which consists of the mixture of atmospherical, ocean,
and land systems. As time progressed, the ecoā€“system of Earth changed resulting in genetic mutation, migration to different environments better suited
to preferred habitats, and extinction. Genetic mutations appeared in cases that led to the birth of new species by creating further genetic differences
that allows more of a kind of species to survive by increase the chances of producing offspring and give adaptations to survive based around a new
habitat. Furthermore, responses to environmental factors show that records of some organisms responded by creating change to their environments
instead of themselves. Humans, with larger brains than other animals, have shown to do this substatially well as they possess greater intelligence than
other life forms on Earth. This raises the possibily that environmental factors affected the evolution processes of Homo sapiens. From the study of fossil
records from dispersive environmental conditions, they show to have stimulated developmental features because of the environment thus affecting
human evolution. Over the years, diverse groups of human ancestry have emerged from different climates with evidence of adaptaions such as, little to
no body hair, heavy amounts of hair on face and head, skin color, upright walking, increase of cranial size, and ability to understand the creation and
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Charles Darwin's Theory of Evolution Essay
Before the theory of evolution was a widespread theory in the world of science, Greek and Roman philosophers had their own theories about how
life came to its present state and where it was going from there. One theory at the time was that all organisms are reflections of a "perfect" form and
were coming closer to it all the time, although this was the less accepted theory even though it was closer to the truth proven hundreds of years after,
while another was that all things were simply places on Earth in their present form, common to modern day Creationism. Even after this, Darwin was
not the first to try explain evolution, he just provided convincing proof and published his ideas. The publishing of Darwin's Theory of Evolution was
...show more content...
While on the GalŠ“ŠŽpagos Islands, Darwin kept notebooks about all the species there, and he noticed the variety of tortoises on the island who were
essential in explaining his theory of evolution. There are several species of tortoise present on the GalŠ“ŠŽpagos Islands that are all very closely related,
but slightly different. There are eleven presently surviving subspecies of GalŠ“ŠŽpagos tortoises; furthermore, six of the eleven are found on different
islands in the archipelago, and the other five are all found on a single island on five separate volcanoes with their own miniā€“ecosystems (PNAS).
Although all of the species of GalŠ“ŠŽpagos tortoise is different, they each have small differences that can include maximum adult size, shell shape, and
the length of the neck and limbs. The tortoises of the islands are most closely related to the Chaco tortoises along the western coast of South America,
and they most likely came to the GalŠ“ŠŽpagos by "rafting" across the water (PNAS). Similar to the tortoises, Darwin observed that the Finches on the
islands also had changed to match the environment. Spread among the islands were fourteen subspecies of finch whose
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Evolution Of Evolution And Evolution

  • 1. Evolution Of Evolution And Evolution Title: Evolution Author: Annette Gonzalez December 9, 2014 Abstract: This paper will cover the topic of evolution of organisms. Evolution is the process of constant change from a lower, more simple to better, complex state (Merriamā€“Webster, 2014). In this essay, there are different philosophies that support the idea ofevolution. For instance, there is anatomical, homology, natural selection evidence. This ideas will be explained in more detail in the body of the paper. Besides this, the report will explicate how evolution of organisms does not occur in the course of time, rather organisms give rise to other animals. In addition, the paper will clarify what causes mutations in genes. Moreover, it will elucidate what sexual recombination means and how it is relevant in relation to evolution. Lastly, there will be an explanation to why evolution of organisms will come to a dead end at some point. Introduction: There are three main categories in relation to evolution that will be presented. The first section clarifies Charles Darwin's contribution to the concept of evolution. Specifically, the different theories of evolution Darwin supported with evidence are explained. The second part of the paper clarifies how genes and DNA are responsible for the evolution of organisms. In the third section, evolutionary trends in organisms are revealed. Charles Darwin: According to Stanley, Charles Darwin was a main contributor to the idea of evolution. He Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Why Do You Believe In The Theory Of Evolution Introduction Do you believe in the theory of evolution? There are many people who believe evolution is how humans came to be in today's world. Charles Darwin was the first to publish work on the theory in 1859, concluding it is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits. Over the years scientists have began trying to prove this theory is real. The theory has two main points, all life is connected and related to each other and the diversity is a product of modifications of populations by natural selection. Modern scientists have gone even further to branch off of the theory to make more points of the theory such as natural selection, origin of species, and modern understanding. ...show more content... In today's society there are a strong number of individuals who strongly believe it is true. The theory is untrue from the majority's point of view. This is because there are no hard facts to prove we have all evolved from the same specimen. The only type of evolution is how animals adapt to an environment over time, but to say we all came from the same cell is just not provable. To see that a lot of people believe in a loosely supported and the theory was created by man when there was little to no religion. There's more proof in the religion of Christianity than evolution because of religious sites and the places that are spoken of in the bible are actual cities. There's nothing but the words of a man that came from his imagination. Charles Darwin made a lot of valid points but he did not know what modern people know today. Darwin did not know about DNA and the specifics of each species. If Darwin had all the details of today's scientists, he would have not believed in evolution. Conclusion The theory of evolution is a debatable topic. It can go either way depending on the person, but the simple fact is that there is no proof to support the theory. Scientists have tried to find any realism in the theory but it is just too far fetched to have any concrete evidence. It is a personal opinion in whether someone believes in evolution or not but it is almost more Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. The Theory of Evolution Essay Biological evolution is the name for the changes in gene frequency in a population of a species from generation to generation. Evolution offers explanation to why species genetically change over years and the diversity of life on Earth. Although it is generally accepted by the scientific community, Charles Darwin's theory of evolution has been studied and debated for several decades. In 1859, Darwin published On The Origin of Species, which introduced the idea of evolutionary thought which he supported with evidence of one type of evolutionary mechanism, natural selection. Some of the main mechanisms of evolution are natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift. The idea that all life on Earth shares a common ancestor has been around for...show more content... Over time the beak would become longer and those birds would survive. The next mechanism, genetic drift, happens by chance. For example, a bug that is either red or green. If a large portion of the red bug happens to get stepped on, the gene frequency for this species is now changed. Mutation is another evolutionary mechanism that happens by chance. Mutation is when the genetic material of an organism is altered. An example of this is albinism which has altered the genes of several different animals. Evolution has been debated for many years. Most scientists assume evolution to be true, but it is not officially proven. Evolution is known as "fact and theory," because it is a fact that organisms have changed over time, but the mechanism that changes those organisms is uncertain. One of the major debates regarding evolution is the belief in creationism. Creationists believe that the Universe and organisms on Earth were all created by a divine power. There are also some theories in which creationism and evolution coexist. One idea is that the divine being who created the world used evolution as a method. Another idea is that science and religion are actually the same thing and religion explains the unknown parts of science. For example, science says that the world couldn't have been created in seven days, but one of God's days may not be the same length Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Argumentative Essay On Evidence Of Evolution Jewels Hoeser Dr. Tortorice Anthropology 2346 September 10, 2015 Evidence of Evolution Evolution is a complex and at times controversial topic. The theory of evolution has been argued since it was first discovered by Charles Darwin. Evolution has many misconceptions regarding how it came about and its process. The idea that there is an actual science to how species evolved and continue to evolve is extraordinary. Evolution is a convoluted study that deals with the continuous transformation of organisms and characteristics. According to Helena Curtis and N. Sue Barnes, "In fact, evolution can be precisely defined as any change in the frequency of alleles within a gene pool from one generation to the next." (Talkorigins.com) Over the many years of Earth's existence, hundred upon thousands of creatures and plants have evolved gradually over time creating new species. As the livingā€“things transform, the characteristics and organisms evolve as well. This transformation will continue just as it has in previous years. With this change, new and old species alike will adapt to their surroundings and continue this neverā€“ending cycle....show more content... It is a fact that species evolve, just as it is a fact that the sun rises in the West and sets in the East. Helena Curtis and N. Sue Barnes voiced their opinion on the evidence of evolution and the transformation of species, "massive additional evidence has accumulated supporting the fact of evolutionā€“ā€“that all living organisms present on earth today have arisen from earlier forms in the course of earth's long history." (Talkorigins.com)The discoverer of evolutionary theory Charles Darwin, who suggested that evolution was similar to a tree and that new creations form on the branches of the tree and the old creations fall away like dead limbs. Darwin's analogy went into further detail stating Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Essay about Evidence for Evolution Evolution and DiversityŠ²Š‚Š Evolution and DiversityThe foundation for the theory of evolution was laid by Charles Darwin (Rose, n.d.). He developed hypotheses about natural selection which helped scientists develop the theory. Evolution is a theory and not a hypothesis because evolution has been proven by vast amounts of scientific data, research, and testing. The definition of a hypothesis is an educated explanation that needs to be researched and tested but has not yet been proven (Earman, 1984). There has been no scientific evidence to disprove the theory of evolution. The fossil record is evidence of evolution. Fossils are often fingerprints of evolution. They help scientists track how species evolved...show more content... Many die before they are born or hatched depending on species, while many others don't survive infancy and ultimately into their reproductive years. A portion of those that reach reproductive age will never reproduce due to sterility or other factors. This is a part of thenatural selection process. It is often referred to as the, "survival of the fittest" (Frederic, 2011). It is hard to truly estimate what fraction of offspring will survive to reproduction. There are always obstacles to survival for an organism. Climate, food, habitat, and illness are just a few factors which affect natural selection. Ultimately we know that some traits can increase survival rates for individuals such as their color. We know from Darwin's research that a certain beak length was favorable in finches but that was also dependent on yearly weather (Petren, 2005). Offspring that possess favorable traits are more capable of surviving into adulthood and thus reproducing. We know from genetics that there is an increased likelihood that their offspring would also possess that desirable trait. The population of individuals possessing the trait would increase as more individuals possessing the trait survived to reproductive years, and fewer without the trait did not. Natural selection can help prevent a species from going extinct if they were to face adverse conditions that Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Evolution And Evolution Of Evolution Most things in science all eventually lead back to one thing, evolution. Evolution has been an interesting topic since mankind could wrap its mind around the concept. Whether one believes in it or not, it is hard to deny the cold hard facts that back up how every being has changed from its original form of life. From plants to humans, everything has adapted and evolved to be able to adjust to climate changes, habitats disappearing, and new predators. All it takes is for one mutated gene to get a foothold and aid in the survival of a species for the evoluā€“tion to begin. Although many will try and disagree, evolution has played a large role in every living beings survival. Even with evolution being such a key part of science, it did not quite start out that way. "Preā€“Darwinian science, heavily influenced by theology, held that all organisms were created simultaneously by God and that each distinct lifeā€“form remained fixed and unchanging from the moment of its creation" (Audesirk). This idea lasted for many years, 427ā€“347 B.C., as great philosophers preached of this grand idea without anyone challenging their words (Audesirk). It gave a simple and easy answer to the tough question of how everything came to be, which was enough for most people. It wasn 't until 1707ā€“1788 when George Louis LeClerc suggested that maybe the original sets of life had changed over time (Audesirk). This claim was bold and unā€“heard of before, and many viewed it as blasphemy. "However, by the 19th Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Essay on Evolution Essay on Evolution There are many mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. One of the most important mechanism in evolution is natural selection which is the differential success in the reproduction of different phenotypes resulting from the interaction of organisms with their environment. Natural selection occurs when a environment makes a individual adapt to that certain environment by variations that arise by mutation and genetic recombination. Also it favors certain traits in a individual than other traits so that these favored traits will be presented in the next generation. Another mechanism of evolution is genetic drift. Genetic drift is a random change in a small gene pool due to sampling errors in propagation of alleles or...show more content... Some bacteria had genes that coded for enzymes that specifically destroyed certain antibiotics such as ampicillin. From this incident, scientists were able to deduce that natural selection helped the bacteria to inherit the genes for antibiotic resistance. Scientists have also been able to use biochemistry as a source of evidence. The comparison of genes of two species is the most direct measure of common inheritance from shared ancestors. Using DNA ā€“DNA hybridization, whole genomes can be compared by measuring the extent of hydrogen bonding between singleā€“stranded DNA obtained from two sources. The similarity of the two genes can be seen by how tightly the DNA of one specie bonds to the DNA of the other specie. Many taxonomic debates have been answered using this method such as whether flamingos are more closely related to storks or geese. This method compared the DNA of the flamingo to be more closely related to the DNA of the stork than the geese. The only disadvantage of this method is that it does not give precise information about the matchup in specific nucleotide sequences of the DNA which restriction mapping does. This technique uses restriction enzymes that recognizes a specific sequence of a few nucleotides and cleaves DNA wherever such sequences are found in the genome. Then the DNA fragments are separated by electrophoresis and compared to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Growing Up In Oliver's Evolution By John Updike Growing Up Growing up can be hard, even from a young age no one wants to get older. "Oliver's Evolution" by John Updike is about just that, growing up. This story shows the life of a boy named Oliver from an outside perspective. From his beginning when her was a boy through him getting married and having a kid of his own. This story can be interpreted so many different ways. The one that seems to show up no matter if analysing the story itself or its meaning to the author himself is that a person grows as they progress through life. One way the story can be interpreted is that the story represents Mr. Updike's leaving Esquire magazine, seeing as this was the last story that he wrote for them. A few years after this was published Mr. Updike passed away of lung cancer. When writing this story it could have resembled him reminiscing on his own life and what has affected him to make him the man he was. Another interpretation could be that like Oliver becoming a parent and starting a new chapter in his ...show more content... This being that it is about growing up and having to change and make choices in life. The story gives the readers Oliver's background which is an incite as to why he is the way he is. From being one of the youngest, coming years after this older siblings, to his parents divorce, grades slip etc. we see how all of this played a role in Oliver's outcome as a person. As the story progresses it gives subtle hints of him getting older and more mature. One being the comment about his teeth, " his teeth were small and round and widely spreadā€“baby teeth", this shows that even at this part in his life, when he was in college, that he had not really grown as a person. It is not until later in the story when he meets his girl friend/ wife that the readers start to see how he grows as a person. He starts to hold the jobs he gets to create an income for him and his Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. Evidence Of Evolution Nora Lyang AP Bio Pd. 3 2 January 2016 Evidence of Evolution The theory of evolution is the process how organisms on Earth change over time by natural selection. The theory of evolution is so widely known that it is almost universally accepted, except for a few people that think otherwise. For a theory to become so widely known and established, there has to have been evidence to back it up. The most prominent pieces of evidence for evolution are often cited as biogeography, homology, analogy, direct evidence, and paleontology. Each of these pieces of evidence provide indication for evolution. Biogeography is the study of where life is found and where their descendants were living in the past. Before Darwin, all scientists believed in special...show more content... Analogous structures have similar structures, but a different origin. They also have similar functions. An example of analogy that supports the theory of evolution is speciation. Speciation is defined as the biological change over time by which new species arrive. Some might wonder how analogous structures come to be. Different species usually become more alike because of convergent evolution. For example, two species can live in different but similar environments and need to fill the same niche in different places on Earth. Because natural selection is the same around the world, the species will go through similar styles of adaptations. Animals with advantageous adaptations will be able to pass on their genes through reproduction. Reproduction continues until the advantageous adaptation is the only one left. Occasionally, the favorable variation can change the structure of the species. Limbs can be lost, gained, or changed, creating analogous structures in diverse species that live in similar niches and surroundings, but don't live in the same places. A more specific example is the similarity between the wings of birds and bats. A widespread adaptation for many species, the wings of birds and bats are analogous as flight structures. The wings of both animals have developed by different paths. In bats, the surface of the wing is a membrane without feathers whereas birds have wings covered in feathers. Although both animals can fly and have wings, they are different in many other places. Birds and bats just happen to fill the flying niche of their Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Evolution And Evolution Of Evolution Evolution Evolution, a change in the genetic makeup of a subgroup, or population, of a species (Nowicki 10). Every living thing in the world is capable of evolving into something. Cells evolve to perform different tasks and to become stronger. Charles Darwin is the founder of evolution, he realized that species change over time to ensure survival. The future of evolution can not be predicted. Everything in our universe starts out as a single celled organism. All life traces back to three billion years ago, therefor all species have had a long time to evolve into what it is now. Species evolve to ensure survival, to get a better sense of smell and eyesight. Some bugs have evolved to have a hard exoskeleton that can stand a lot of pressure and won 't kill them. A duck has evolved to produce oils on its feathers that make them waterproof and keeps them dry and warm in very cold water. They have also evolved to have webbed feet that makes it easy to swim through the water. The average household dog was once a wild untamed animal. Over time the process of evolution has changed it into mans best friend. Some have evolved into great hunting dogs, others just take naps all day. Their sense of smell, hearing, and sight are amazing but they didn 't get like that from the beginning, they evolved. The importance of evolution helps us solve problems that impact our lives. An example of this is in the field of medicine, to stay ahead of pathogenic diseases we must understand the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Human Evolution Essay Human Evolution When people take a look at African history in general many topics and ideas come to mind. How the people of Africa lived, how they developed civilizations and cultures, and how their oral traditions came about are just a few examples. When I am trying to learn about different groups of people and different areas of the world I most likely start at the very beginning of their existence. Africa being the origin of man and the home for the majority of developments of early humans suggests that human evolution is an extremely import topic in African history today. Keeping this in mind it is obvious that if any elements from our African Civilizations class should be required taught in U.S. high schools, the origin of man...show more content... These were vital to their progress, transformation to humans, and were evident during the early ape, Australopithecus as well as the later Homo existence. Even though there have been many archaeological findings that have provided useful information on this subject, there is still a lot that remains unanswered. There still remains a missing link in the change from monkeys to humans." Recent research, however, has provided so many 'links' in the form of fossil evidence that one scholar has remarked:" It would be far more truthful to say that it is the chain that is missing whilst the links exist."(( Posnanksy in Zamani, 1974, pg.53) ā€“Shillington 2). If America wants to make progress in this area, requiring this subject to be taught in high schools would be a very positive step. The more students that are educated about evolution at a young age, the more there will be who seek professions in this field as adults. A new generation of talented and highly qualified scientists in this area would propel the world closer to finding explanations and answers in the future. Even though no one can see or feel it, we as humans are in the process evolving right now. Human evolution is inevitable, and will not stop unless the world comes to an end. Learning about human evolution, in a since, is learning about yourself and how we came to be. Keeping this in mind, I feel that students Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Evidence For Evolution Essay evolution is a biology thing you don't have to believe in it but it happened so dill with it.i'm going to tell you what evolution is based on what i've searched up on it. During and since Darwin's time, people have been looking for and studying evidence in nature that teaches them more about evolution . were used by Darwin to develop his theory of natural selection, and are still used today. Others, such as DNA testing, were not available in Darwin's time, but are used by scientists today to learn more about evolution. Five types of evidence for evolution are discussed in this section: ancient organism remains, fossil layers, similarities among organisms all others, such as DNA testing, were not available in Darwin's time, but are used by scientists today to learn...show more content... Thus, universal common ancestry entails the transformation of one species into another and, consequently, macroevolutionary history and processes involving the origin of higher taxa. Because it is so well supported scientifically, common descent is often called the by biologists. For these reasons, proponents of special creation are especially hostile to the macroevolutionary foundation of the biological sciences. This article dirThis article directly addresses the scientific evidence in favor of common descent and microevolution.evolution, the overarching concept that unifies the biological sciences, in fact embraces a plurality of theories and hypotheses. In evolutionary debates one is apt to hear evolution roughly parceled between the terms "microevolution" and "macroevolution". Microevolution, or change beneath the species level, may be thought of as relatively small scale change in the functional and genetic constituencies of populations of organisms. That this occurs and has been observed is generally undisputed by critics of evolution. What is vigorously challenged, Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. The Future Of Human Evolution Essay The Future of Human Evolution Evolution, the science of how populations of living organisms change over time in response to their environment, is the central unifying theme in biology today. Evolution was first explored in its semiā€“modern form in Charles Darwin 's 1859 book, Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection. In this book, Darwin laid out a strong argument for evolution. He postulated that all species have a common ancestor from which they are descended. As populations of species moved into new habitats and new parts of the world, they faced different environmental conditions. Over time, these populations accumulated modifications, or adaptations, that allowed them and their offspring to survive better in their...show more content... The question is can humans evolve (physically), that is through changes of some sort to the general human gene pool, enough to be considered a different species sometime in the future. The answer to this is tricky. The answer is "yes" if there is no human intervention and "not likely" (or atleast controlled) if there is human intervention. The more interesting answer is the latter. The first answer deserves some mention. Through the subtraction or addition (that is through chance changes of some sort) of alleles (different forms of a characteristic gene) from the overall gene pool until homo sapiens are no longer is feasible. One might ask how and were this is occurring. The answer is human genes are changing all the time through radiation and spontaneous mutations (the latter more rapidly no than ever since the human population is now larger than ever) and one can see these changes to the overall gene pool in the disappearance of certain human tribes within parts of Africa and South America.. These tribes unfortunately take exclusive alleles with them. What about Natural Selection in present human culture. Some peoples are growing faster than others, for exampleā€“Chinese faster than any other in the present world, thus the large Chinese population. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. The Theory of Evolution Essay The ongoing scientific investigation of how exactly evolution occurred and continues to occur has been an argumentative idea amongst society since Darwin first articulated it over a century ago. The scientific basis of evolution accounts for happenings that are also essential concerns of religion; both religion and science focus on the origins of humans and of biological diversity. For instance, in the reading "Truth Cannot Contradict Truth," Pope John Paul II, addressing the Pontifical Academy of Science, discussed the matter of God as creator of man. The Pope explains that men cannot relate to animals because men are superior. The reasoning for that is because God created humans under his likeness. What the church is saying about mankind ...show more content... "If no such variations exist, the population rapidly goes extinct because it cannot adapt to a changing environment" (O'Neil, 1998ā€“2013). Scientists call this reproductive success. "Within a specific environment context, one genotype will be better than another genotype in survival or reproduction for certain reasons having to do with the way its particular features relate to the environment or relate to other organisms within the population" (Futuyma, 2000ā€“2014). The theory of evolution is explicable through various kinds of scientific research. In the science of paleontology, the history of life is studied. Paleontologists study fossils to learn the past ecologies, evolution, and the origins of humans. In order to understand the processes that have led to both the origination and destruction of organisms since life began, paleontologists incorporate both scientific knowledge and studies. Fossil findings are critically important for confirming predictions of evolution theory. Of the many discoveries that are made yearly to add depth to the understanding of evolution, an example is a recent discovery of a creature they named Tiktaalik. The Tiktaalik was uncovered to be a transitional animal between shallowā€“water fishes and limbed animals. The creature supports the idea that it emerged from both mammals and reptiles, suggesting that the two are related. These findings support prediction of evolution, contradicting the belief that God Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Creationism vs. Evolution Essay Where we come from is a question as old as mankind itself. There are countless numbers of religions, each with their own twist on the origins of earth and mankind, but one of the most highly visible debates would be creationism vs. evolution. Depending on where your beliefs lie, the Earth has been around somewhere in the neighborhood of 6,000 years to 4.5 billion years. One would tend to believe that this vast difference in time would make it impossible to have 2 "theories" that are so widely accepted. However this debate gives you just that. Each argument has its variations, however it comes down to either God created the Earth and all things in it as they are now or that life today has evolved from a...show more content... Under the same idea, the "Old Earth" train of thought is that the "days" mentioned in Genesis were actually up to many millions of years each. This is one of many "theories" that justifies the actual age of the Earth being around 4.5 billion years old. The third view states that the story of creation contained in Genesis is not a literal or even a chronological account of happenings. It is instead a guide promoting a sixā€“day workweek with the seventh day a day of worship to God. The last view is much like the second, in that it considers the "days" to be God's workdays, which may or may not be equal to an Earth calendar day. Each day represents a period of time that God performed a major task. Each view has the same underlying concept that God created everything, and the way it is today, it the way it was when it was created. Webster's Dictionary defines evolution as a theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modification in successive generations. Like creation, evolution is not immune from differing of opinions. Evolution is split between two frames of though, naturalistic and theistic. Naturalistic evolution is pretty much cut and dry. It simply states that life started as a single oneā€“celled organism. The universe was created 14 billion years ago, and the Earth was Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Argumentative Essay On Evolution Evolution It has always been a mystery of how life on Earth started. Although we may not be able to find out exactly how life originated, we can find out how life has changed over time through the theory of evolution. Evolution is the process by which all living organisms come through a long history of changes shaped by physical and chemical processes still taking place. There are debates between whether the theory of evolution is truly scientific. The argument stems from why evolution is considered a "theory." To many, a theory is simply defined as someone's opinion. Inbiology, a theory is "an explanation of some natural phenomenon with well supported evidence from experiments or observations" (Reed Wicander, 2012). Discovery of Evolution Between 1831 and 1836, Charles Darwin embarked on a fiveā€“year voyage after graduating from Cambridge University with a degree in theology. Darwin made a visit to the Galapagos Islands, where he made observations which changed his ideas on presentā€“day species. The idea the people of that time before his discovery held on to the concept of the fixity of species, where all species were created in their current forms with little to no changes at all. After observing fossils of past mammals and the 13 species of finches living on the island, Darwin realized that these animals came from a common ancestor. After making such observations, he was convinced that "all living organisms derived from ancestors that lived in the past with some Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Evolution Essay Evolution Evolution is a complex process by which the characteristics of living organisms change over many generations as traits are passed from one generation to the next. Many scientists agree on that concept. They have been trying to develop this theory over hundreds of years to make it reasonable and beliveable to people. But is evolution the reason that humans are on earth? People that are not quite religious and have little faith in God believe in evolution. Those who strongly stand by their beliefs supporting evolution, in my opinion, think they know enough about science and biology and all the complexities of the cell and the human being that they forgot who actually created all this. In the Bible, the Quran and most if...show more content... This is prohibited genetically since all of the information for the development of an organism has already been encoded in the DNA of its parent. Variation to organisms must remain within its basic kind...evolutionists have tried to explain thatnatural selection happened in conjunction with mutations to the genetic code. This could not produce evolution, however, since mutations do not create new genetic potential, they just alter what is already there."3 Now genetic alteration, or mutation is being taken place on animals like pigs and mice to try to have human DNA in their cells. The chances of this taking place successfully is again very low. Some evolutionists argue that antiā€“evolutionists' only sources are either religous or weak scientific facts. The second law of thermodynamics is broadly accepted by many scientists and states that, "...anything which is organized , tends with time, to become disorganized. Any physical system left to itself will decay, or, lose energy and organization within the system...In other words, this law says that the increase of information required for a life form to evolve could not happen as this increase in information by itself violates the law."4 This disorganization is also called entropy. 1. http://str.org/free/reflections "Measurements of the sediment deposited each year as a result of the Nile River's overflow shows that
  • 18. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. All living organisms in one way or another interact with the natural ecoā€“system that is on Earth, which consists of the mixture of atmospherical, ocean, and land systems. As time progressed, the ecoā€“system of Earth changed resulting in genetic mutation, migration to different environments better suited to preferred habitats, and extinction. Genetic mutations appeared in cases that led to the birth of new species by creating further genetic differences that allows more of a kind of species to survive by increase the chances of producing offspring and give adaptations to survive based around a new habitat. Furthermore, responses to environmental factors show that records of some organisms responded by creating change to their environments instead of themselves. Humans, with larger brains than other animals, have shown to do this substatially well as they possess greater intelligence than other life forms on Earth. This raises the possibily that environmental factors affected the evolution processes of Homo sapiens. From the study of fossil records from dispersive environmental conditions, they show to have stimulated developmental features because of the environment thus affecting human evolution. Over the years, diverse groups of human ancestry have emerged from different climates with evidence of adaptaions such as, little to no body hair, heavy amounts of hair on face and head, skin color, upright walking, increase of cranial size, and ability to understand the creation and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Charles Darwin's Theory of Evolution Essay Before the theory of evolution was a widespread theory in the world of science, Greek and Roman philosophers had their own theories about how life came to its present state and where it was going from there. One theory at the time was that all organisms are reflections of a "perfect" form and were coming closer to it all the time, although this was the less accepted theory even though it was closer to the truth proven hundreds of years after, while another was that all things were simply places on Earth in their present form, common to modern day Creationism. Even after this, Darwin was not the first to try explain evolution, he just provided convincing proof and published his ideas. The publishing of Darwin's Theory of Evolution was ...show more content... While on the GalŠ“ŠŽpagos Islands, Darwin kept notebooks about all the species there, and he noticed the variety of tortoises on the island who were essential in explaining his theory of evolution. There are several species of tortoise present on the GalŠ“ŠŽpagos Islands that are all very closely related, but slightly different. There are eleven presently surviving subspecies of GalŠ“ŠŽpagos tortoises; furthermore, six of the eleven are found on different islands in the archipelago, and the other five are all found on a single island on five separate volcanoes with their own miniā€“ecosystems (PNAS). Although all of the species of GalŠ“ŠŽpagos tortoise is different, they each have small differences that can include maximum adult size, shell shape, and the length of the neck and limbs. The tortoises of the islands are most closely related to the Chaco tortoises along the western coast of South America, and they most likely came to the GalŠ“ŠŽpagos by "rafting" across the water (PNAS). Similar to the tortoises, Darwin observed that the Finches on the islands also had changed to match the environment. Spread among the islands were fourteen subspecies of finch whose Get more content on HelpWriting.net