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1. ACUTE TOXICITY AND BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF
ORGANOPHOSPHORUS ON THE AFRICAN
CATFISH CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (BURCHELL,
1822)
BY
Esmail M. Alhemmali, Usama
M. Mohamed and Abdalla, M.
Baker

2. Pollution is the addition to the ecosystem of something which has a detrimental
effect on it. One of the most important problems which causes pollution that is
the highly rate of energy usage by modern and growing populations.
Water pollution is the introduction into fresh or ocean waters chemical, physical,
or biological material that degrades the quality of the water and affects the
organisms living in it.
There are a lot of pollutants which surrounding organisms. Pesticides are one of
the major pollutants, which caused indirectly the negative impact on the aquatic
environment, including fishs

3. THE INSECTICIDES ARE CLASSIFIED INTO FOUR TYPES:
A. Organophosphate compounds
Diazinon, malathion, parathion, etc
B. Organochlorine compounds
DDT, aldrin, chlordane, etc…,
C. Carbonate compounds
Carbofuran
D. Botanicals compounds
Amitrol, diquat, endothall, etc…,

4. Diazinon is one of the insecticides used to control
pest insects and have some features such as:
 A low persistence in soil.
 the half-life is 2 to 6 weeks.
 Colorless liquid.
 solubility in water 60 mg/l (20°C).

5. 1-Widely distributed (Graaf and
Janssen, 1996).
2-used as biomarker for physiological
changes serve as of environmental
pollution (Kock et al., 1996; Mishra
and shukla, 2003).
3-Commercially used as food source
for humans.
4-Widely used for aquaculture
(Adham, 2002 and Figis, 2004).
5- It has a high growth rate.

6. THE PRESENT STUDY AIMS TO:
1. Determination the lethal concentration of diazinon (LC50) of
Clarias gariepinus.
2. Study effects of diazinon on fish behaviors

7. MATERIALS AND
METHODS

8. C. gariepinus specimens will be caught from the River Nile at Assiut,
Egypt. Fish immediately were transported to the fish laboratory in the
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University.
Fish specimens will be acclimatized for two weeks before being used
in the experimental study.
Specimens collection

9. Fish specimens will be classified into 11 groups according to
Diazinon doses (Table 1). Each group contains 7 specimens of C.
gariepinus of mean weight about 300 g, and mean total length about
35 cm.
Experiments

10. Total
mortality
Time
N
Doses
MgL-1
After
96h
After
72h
After 48hAfter 24h
000007Control
3330074.8
3321076.6
4421077.8
4433079.00
77430712.00
77430713.50
77740715.00
77743716.00
77774718.00
77775720.00
Table 1. Average mortality pattern for acute toxicity test (24 -96 h).

11. Statistical Analyses
LC50 concentrations were determined by using the method of [Finney, 1971] for probit
analysis.

12. RESULTS

13. A- Normal behaviors
vigorous activity.
static equilibrium and active swimming.
normal gill movement.
natural color with darkness brown.
Rapid and erratic swimming.
sudden quick movements air gulping.
B- Abnormal behaviors
rolling movements and swimming on the back.
Reduction in the feeding activity.
Fins haemorrhage.
Loss of some skin parts.

14. CONCLUSION
Diazinon is a widely used organophosphorus pesticide in agriculture and
environmental health, hence it is adverse effects on nontarget animals,
especially on fish is to be determined. The present study therefore aimed to
determination the LC50 of diazinon on adult's African catfish; Clarias gariepinus
(11.76 mg L-1) and behavior changes caused by diazinon.

15. THANK
YOU
FOR
LISTENNING