1. DRAW A LINE SEPARATING TODAY & YESTERDAY 1) Write: Date: 09/13/10 , Topic: Reign of Terror 2) Next line, write “ Opener #12 ” and then: 1) Write 1 high + 1 low in last 24 hours 2) Rate your understanding of yesterday: lost < 1-5 > too easy (3 is perfect) 3) Respond to the Opener by writing at least 1 sentences about : Your opinions/thoughts OR/AND Questions sparked by the clip OR/AND Summary of the clip OR/AND Announcements: None

2. Agenda 1) Reign of Terror Primary Objective 1) Who is Robespierre? Reminder 1) Begin working on your projects

5. Review 1) National Assembly, 8/04/1789, 2am : France’s new legislature votes to get rid of noble titles+privileges. Everyone: Citizen!

6. Review 2) 1 st Constitution, 1791 (Alert: Yellow) : a) King 1 st officer of France: Controls military + foreign affairs and can do 2yr veto b) Only property owners can vote ( only 14% of ppl, bourgeoisie in charge, still better than UK ) c) Catholic Church lose land (pay debt) and now clergy chosen by gov ( clergy swear oath to gov )

7. 3) King/Queen Flees (1791) : King denounces the revolution + flees , hoping to build army to retake France, gets caught at border 4) Austria + Prussia War (1792) : Monarch ally to stop revolution from spreading + save Louis/Marie. War starts badly for France .

8. 5) Jean-Paul Marat : Wrote in newspapers to demand people take violent action to protect the Republic. “500-600 heads cut off would have assured… freedom and happiness” 6) September Massacres (1792) : Rioting, theft, rape, murder take over France.

10. Journ #12a , “ Paranoia Debate ” 1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why . 2) Then write down what your partner thinks ( include their name at the end ). 1 2 3 4 5 CON: Violence will make things worse 1) Violence will destroy the very values of the Republic 2) Ends justifying the means leads to evil PRO: Violence is necessary 1) Violence will eradicate France’s internal enemies and old ideas (like pests) 2) Great goals like equality require great sacrifices

11. Over one beheading a hour in Paris.

13. Notes #12a , Title: “ Reign of Terror ” 1) Political Parties : In the legislature, splits develop: Right: Conservatives, keep king Center: Protect business + property ( Girondin Club ) Left: Create 100% equality thru use of violence ( Jacobins Club) 2) Robespierre : Led Jacobin club to take control of gov, uses fear and violence to control the ppl + silence his rivals (Girondin members killed), thus begins the Reign of Terror period (1793-1794)

15. Journ #12b , “ Left vs Right Debate ” 1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why . 2) Then write down what your partner thinks ( include their name at the end ). 1 2 3 4 5 CON: LEFT (Jacobins): Change like a bandaid! 1) People need to be shocked out of old ways 2) Old system was corrupt, once we purify the system, we will be stable too PRO: RIGHT+CENTER: Slow down social changes 1) People grew up with old systems and need time to adjust 2) Old system was at least stable

16. Notes #12b , Title: “ Reign of Terror ” 3) 2 nd Constitution, 1792 ( Alert: Red ) : a) King’s power abolished, 100% a republic . b) French nationalism born, loyalty to the nation (land) not to the king. c) All men can vote , leading to surge of san-culottes power, decrease of Bourgeoisie d) Creation of the Committee of Public Safety to protect Republic from internal/external threats

17. 4) French Nationalism is Born : 1 st time in Europe, ppl develop loyalty to nation, not to a king or locality (nationalism: loyalty to a nation)

18. 5) Committee of Public Safety : a) Started a military draft (1.5m, largest Eur, started to win land, now war of spreading rev ) b) De-Christianization of France (new holidays and calendar, 1789=0 ), promote Cult of Reason c) Free + mandatory public education d) Media critical of the Republic was banned e) Internal enemies were killed in quick tribunals (panels decided without legal rights, 12-40k die )

22. Non-Christian Calendars (based on science/nature) Vendémiaire in French (from Latin vindemia, &quot;grape harvest&quot;), starting 22, 23 or 24 September Brumaire (from French brume, &quot;fog&quot;), starting 22, 23 or 24 October Frimaire (From French frimas, &quot;frost&quot;), starting 21, 22 or 23 November Nivôse ( from Latin nivosus, &quot;snowy&quot;), starting 21, 22 or 23 December Pluviôse (from Latin pluvius, &quot;rainy&quot;), starting 20, 21 or 22 January Ventôse (from Latin ventosus, &quot;windy&quot;), starting 19, 20 or 21 February Germinal (from Latin germen, &quot;germination&quot;), starting 20 or 21 March Floréal (from Latin flos, &quot;flower&quot;), starting 20 or 21 April Prairial (from French prairie, &quot;pasture&quot;), starting 20 or 21 May Messidor (from Latin messis, &quot;harvest&quot;), starting 19 or 20 June Thermidor (or Fervidor) (from Greek thermon, &quot;summer heat&quot;), starting 19 or 20 July Fructidor (from Latin fructus, &quot;fruit&quot;), starting 18 or 19 August

25. Journal #12c , Title “ Social Engineering ” 1) Ask your partner: Can a government successfully and rapidly change a whole country’s culture/traditions/ways of thinking (include their name at the end) . Without virtue, terror is deadly… Without terror, virtue is impotent. - Robespierre

26. Jacobin Club Speech (1793) Friends, we are betrayed! To arms! To arms! Terrible hour is at hand! Never was your liberty at such peril! Your greatest enemies are in your midst! Yes! The counter revolution is in the convention. Criminal delegates hold the thread of the web they have woven with the hoard of despots!

27. Journ #12d , “ Kill the King Debate ” 1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why . 2) Then write down what your partner thinks ( include their name at the end ). 1 2 3 4 5 CON: Kill the King 1) The king will always mean the republic can be overthrown 2) His child will grow up and seek revenge, he must die, the whole blood line must end PRO: Save the King 1) The king can be useful a symbol to unify France like UK 2) At least save his child

28. By 1 vote, King Louis XVI, January 21, 1793, he was executed.

35. Journ #12e , Title “ Reign of Terror ” 1) With a partner, look for and list messages and symbols in this comic drawn in the 1790s ( include partner’s name ).

36. Journ #12f , Title “ Terror! Robespierre ” 1) Copy Source Title: BBC 2…) Discuss questions on the board with a partner. Summarize your discussion ( include their name at the end ). Remember participation points are deducted if off task. 5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Work Sections